JPH08325772A - Spiral type cell for electrolysis - Google Patents

Spiral type cell for electrolysis

Info

Publication number
JPH08325772A
JPH08325772A JP7135094A JP13509495A JPH08325772A JP H08325772 A JPH08325772 A JP H08325772A JP 7135094 A JP7135094 A JP 7135094A JP 13509495 A JP13509495 A JP 13509495A JP H08325772 A JPH08325772 A JP H08325772A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
solid electrolyte
electrode plate
electrolyte membrane
anode
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7135094A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2971780B2 (en
Inventor
Shinichi Yasui
信一 安井
Takashi Sasaki
隆 佐々木
Hiroko Kobayashi
宏子 小林
Seiji Hirai
清司 平井
Mamoru Nagao
衛 長尾
Michiyuki Harada
宙幸 原田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shinko Pantec Co Ltd filed Critical Shinko Pantec Co Ltd
Priority to JP7135094A priority Critical patent/JP2971780B2/en
Publication of JPH08325772A publication Critical patent/JPH08325772A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2971780B2 publication Critical patent/JP2971780B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PURPOSE: To develop a water electrolytic cell having excellent performance by attaching porous power feed bodies and electrode plates to both sides of a solid electrolyte film, disposing a water permeable sheet for supplying pure water on the outer side of the anode plate and an air permeable sheet for capturing gaseous hydrogen on the outer side of the cathode plate and winding the sheet formed in a roll form. CONSTITUTION: The flat planar porous power feed bodies 14, 15 are arranged on both front and rear surfaces of the flat planar solid electrolyte film 12 and further, the flat planar anode plate 16 and cathode plate 18 having porous current collecting parts 16a, 18a made of Ti mounted at the top and bottom of these bodies are arranged, by which an anode chamber A and a cathode chamber B are formed. The porous water permeable sheet 24 as the pure water supply path is arranged on the outer side of the anode plate 16 and the air permeable sheet 26 for capturing the generated gaseous hydrogen is arranged on the outer side of the cathode plate 18. Gaskets are disposed on the outer peripheries of the planar porous power feed bodies 14, 15, between the anode plate 16 and the water permeable sheet 24 and between the cathode plate 18 and the air permeable sheet 26. The sheet formed in such a manner is wound like the roll and is housed in a pressure vessel, by which the cell for water electrolysis is produced.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、水及びイオンを含んだ
溶液を電気分解するための電気分解用セルに関し、例え
ば、固体電解質膜を隔膜として用い、陽極側に純水を供
給しながら電気分解して、陽極側から酸素ガスを、陰極
側から水素ガスを発生させるための電気分解用セルに関
する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrolysis cell for electrolyzing a solution containing water and ions. For example, a solid electrolyte membrane is used as a diaphragm, and pure water is supplied to the anode side while supplying electricity. The present invention relates to an electrolysis cell for decomposing to generate oxygen gas from the anode side and hydrogen gas from the cathode side.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来よりこの種の電気分解用セルとして
は、図6に示したような平板型電気分解セルがある。こ
れは、固体高分子電解質膜102 と、その両面に添設した
多孔質給電体104 と、両多孔質給電体104 の外側に配設
した陽極又は陰極の作用を行う陽極電極板106 及び陰極
電極板108 とから構成される少なくとも1個の固体電解
質膜ユニット110 を積層した構造の電気分解用セル100
(図6には、説明のために簡単にするために1個の固体
電解質膜ユニット110 を配設したものを図示している)
が用いられている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this type of electrolysis cell, there is a flat plate type electrolysis cell as shown in FIG. This is a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 102, a porous power feeding body 104 provided on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 102, an anode electrode plate 106 serving as an anode or a cathode disposed outside both porous power feeding bodies 104, and a cathode electrode. An electrolysis cell 100 having a structure in which at least one solid electrolyte membrane unit 110 composed of a plate 108 is laminated.
(In FIG. 6, one solid electrolyte membrane unit 110 is provided for the sake of simplicity for explanation)
Is used.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、このような
従来の平板型電気分解用セルでは、固体電解質膜ユニッ
ト110 の固体高分子電解質膜102 を隔てて形成された陽
極室Aと陰極室Bから気体と液体とが漏洩しないように
シール機能を確保するために、固体高分子電解質膜102
と陽極電極板106 及び陰極電極板108 との間にそれぞ
れ、多孔質給電体104 の外周に環状のシリコンガスケッ
ト112 、 114 を配設するとともに、両端のエンドプレー
ト116 、 118 と、陽極電極板106 及び陰極電極板108 と
の間にそれぞれ、シリコンパッキン120 、 122 を配設し
た構造である。
By the way, in such a conventional plate type electrolysis cell, the solid electrolyte membrane unit 110 includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 102 separated from an anode chamber A and a cathode chamber B. In order to ensure the sealing function so that gas and liquid do not leak, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 102
The annular silicon gaskets 112 and 114 are arranged on the outer periphery of the porous power feeding member 104 between the anode electrode plate 106 and the anode electrode plate 106, and the end plates 116 and 118 at both ends and the anode electrode plate 106 are disposed. In this structure, silicon packings 120 and 122 are provided between the cathode and the cathode electrode plate 108, respectively.

【0004】しかしながら、電気分解用セルの大型化、
高機能化、すなわち、発生した気体の圧力が高くなるこ
とに伴って、固体電解質膜ユニット110 を多段に積層す
る構造とする必要があるために、これらシール構成部材
などの部品点数が多くなって、例えば、陽極室A'と陰極
室B'の内圧が、シール構造の耐圧圧力を越えた場合、又
は、シール材料の劣化により、内圧に耐えられなくなっ
た場合、これらの構成部材の間から陽極室A'と陰極室B'
から発生した気体と液体(すなわち、陽極室A'から純水
と酸素ガス、陰極室b'から主として水素ガス)とが電気
分解用セル外部へ漏洩する可能性が高くなり、周辺機器
に影響を及ぼすこともあり好ましくなかった。
However, the size of the electrolysis cell is increased,
As the function becomes higher, that is, the pressure of the generated gas becomes higher, it is necessary to have a structure in which the solid electrolyte membrane units 110 are laminated in multiple stages, so the number of parts such as these seal constituent members increases. , For example, if the internal pressure of the anode chamber A'and the cathode chamber B'exceeds the pressure resistance of the seal structure, or if the internal pressure cannot be withstood due to deterioration of the sealing material, the anode is removed from between these constituent members. Chamber A'and cathode chamber B '
The gas and liquid generated from the electrolyte (that is, pure water and oxygen gas from the anode chamber A'and hydrogen gas from the cathode chamber b ') is more likely to leak to the outside of the electrolysis cell, affecting peripheral equipment. There was also a possibility that it would have been unfavorable.

【0005】また、均一な締め付け圧力、すなわち、パ
ッキンのシール圧力と固体電解質と給電体の接触圧力を
得るために、高い剛性のエンドプレート116 、 118 、純
水供給用、酸素ガス取出し用、水素ガス取出し用の配管
を接続するためのスペーサなどが必要であるので、装置
が大型で重量が重くなり、しかも装置容積あたりの膜
(固体電解質膜)面積が小さくなり電気分解の効率も悪
くなっていた。
Further, in order to obtain a uniform tightening pressure, that is, the sealing pressure of the packing and the contact pressure of the solid electrolyte and the power supply, highly rigid end plates 116, 118, pure water supply, oxygen gas extraction, hydrogen Since a spacer for connecting the pipe for gas extraction is required, the device is large and heavy, and the area of the membrane (solid electrolyte membrane) per volume of the apparatus is small, resulting in poor electrolysis efficiency. It was

【0006】本発明は、このような現状を考慮して、装
置容積あたりの膜(固体電解質膜)面積が大きく、電気
分解の効率も良好で、シール構成部材などの部品点数が
少なく、陽極室と陰極室から発生した気体と液体とが電
気分解用セル外部へ漏洩することがなく安全であり、し
かも電気分解用セルの大型化、高機能化、すなわち発生
した気体の圧力が高くなることにも耐え得る電気分解用
セルを提供することを目的とする。
In view of the above situation, the present invention has a large membrane (solid electrolyte membrane) area per device volume, good electrolysis efficiency, a small number of parts such as seal components, and an anode chamber. It is safe that the gas and liquid generated from the cathode chamber do not leak to the outside of the electrolysis cell, and the electrolysis cell becomes larger and more sophisticated, that is, the pressure of the generated gas becomes higher. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cell for electrolysis which can withstand even the above.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前述したよう
な従来技術における課題及び目的を達成するために発明
なされたものであって、下記の(1)〜(3)を、その
構成要旨とするものである。
The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned problems and objects in the prior art. The following (1) to (3) are summarized as follows. It is what

【0008】(1)固体電解質膜と、その両面に添設し
た多孔質給電体と、両多孔質給電体の外側に添設した多
孔質集電部を有する陽極電極板及び陰極電極板と、陽極
電極板の外側に添設した純水供給経路となる通水性シー
トと、陰極電極板の外側に添設した水素ガス捕集経路と
なる通気性シートとから構成される平板状の固体電解質
膜ユニットを、ロール状に巻装して圧力容器内に収容し
たことを特徴とするスパイラル型電気分解用セル。
(1) A solid electrolyte membrane, a porous current collector provided on both sides of the solid electrolyte membrane, and an anode electrode plate and a cathode electrode plate having porous current collectors provided on the outer sides of both the porous current collectors. A flat solid electrolyte membrane composed of a water-permeable sheet which is provided on the outside of the anode electrode plate and serves as a pure water supply path, and a breathable sheet which is provided on the outside of the cathode electrode plate and serves as a hydrogen gas collection path. A spiral electrolysis cell, wherein the unit is wound into a roll and housed in a pressure vessel.

【0009】(2)前記通気性シートの一側部に水素ガ
ス取出し管が装着されるとともに、通気性シートの陰極
電極板に対向する面と水素ガス取出し管が装着される面
以外の面がガス不透過面となっていることを特徴とする
前述の(1)に記載のスパイラル型電気分解用セル。
(2) A hydrogen gas extraction tube is attached to one side of the breathable sheet, and a surface of the breathable sheet facing the cathode electrode plate and a surface other than the surface on which the hydrogen gas extraction tube is attached are attached. The spiral electrolysis cell according to (1) above, which has a gas impermeable surface.

【0010】(3)前記陽極電極板の一側部に陽極棒が
装着されるとともに、陰極電極板の反対側の一側部に陰
極棒が装着されていることを特徴とする前述の(1)か
ら(2)のいずれかに記載のスパイラル型電気分解用セ
ル。
(3) The anode rod is attached to one side portion of the anode electrode plate, and the cathode rod is attached to one side portion on the opposite side of the cathode electrode plate. ) To (2), the spiral electrolysis cell.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいてより
詳細に説明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

【0012】図1は、本発明の電気分解用セルの固体電
解質膜ユニットをロール状に巻装する前の分解斜視図
で、図2は、図1 のA −A 線についての縦断面図で説明
のために各構成部材間を離間して示してあり、図3は、
本発明の電気分解用セルの固体電解質膜ユニットをロー
ル状に巻装する状態を示す斜視図で、図4は、本発明の
電気分解用セルの固体電解質膜ユニットをロール状に巻
装したものを圧力容器内に収容して本発明の電気分解用
セルを構成した状態を示す斜視図、図5はそのB方向端
面図である。
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view before winding the solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention into a roll shape, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG. For the sake of explanation, the components are shown separated from each other, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention is wound in a roll shape, and FIG. 4 is a view in which the solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention is wound in a roll shape. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the electrolysis cell of the present invention is configured by accommodating the above in a pressure vessel, and Fig. 5 is an end view thereof in the B direction.

【0013】図1及び図2において、10は全体で、本発
明の電気分解用セルの固体電解質膜ユニットをロール状
に巻装する前の状態を示している。
1 and 2, reference numeral 10 generally indicates a state before the solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention is wound into a roll.

【0014】固体電解質膜ユニット10は、基本的には、
平板状の固体電解質膜12と、その上下両面に添設した平
板状の多孔質給電体14、 15と、両多孔質給電体14、 15の
上下に配設したチタンからなる多孔質集電部16a,18a を
有する平板状の陽極の作用を行う陽極電極板16と陰極の
作用を行う陰極電極板18と、陽極電極板16の外側に添設
した純水供給経路となる多孔質の通水性シート24と、陰
極電極板18の外側に添設した水素ガス捕集経路となる通
気性シート26とから構成される。
The solid electrolyte membrane unit 10 basically comprises
A flat plate-shaped solid electrolyte membrane 12, flat plate-shaped porous power feeders 14 and 15 attached to both upper and lower surfaces thereof, and a porous current collector made of titanium disposed above and below both porous power feeders 14 and 15 Anode electrode plate 16 acting as a flat anode having 16a, 18a, a cathode electrode plate 18 acting as a cathode, and a porous water-permeable passage that is provided outside the anode electrode plate 16 and serves as a pure water supply path. The sheet 24 is composed of a sheet 24 and a breathable sheet 26 which is provided outside the cathode electrode plate 18 and serves as a hydrogen gas collecting path.

【0015】また、固体電解質膜ユニット10の固体電解
質膜12を隔てて形成された陽極室Aと陰極室Bから気体
と液体とが漏洩しないようにシール機能を確保するため
に、多孔質給電体14,15 の外周、陽極電極板16と通水性
シート24との間、及び陰極電極板18と通気性シート26と
の間には、それぞれ角形枠状のシリコンやフッ素ゴムな
どの樹脂からなるパッキン14a,15a,20a,22a を配設した
構造である。
Further, in order to ensure a sealing function so as to prevent gas and liquid from leaking from the anode chamber A and the cathode chamber B formed by separating the solid electrolyte membrane 12 of the solid electrolyte membrane unit 10, a porous power supply body is provided. A rectangular frame-shaped packing made of resin such as silicon or fluororubber is provided between the outer periphery of 14, 15 and between the anode electrode plate 16 and the water-permeable sheet 24 and between the cathode electrode plate 18 and the breathable sheet 26, respectively. This is a structure in which 14a, 15a, 20a, 22a are arranged.

【0016】なお、この場合、固体電解質膜12と陽極電
極板16とパッキン14a とで構成されるシールされた室に
多孔質給電体14が収容され、陽極室( 酸素発生室)Aを形
成するとともに、固体電解質膜12と陰極電極板18とパッ
キン15a とで構成されるシールされた室に多孔質給電体
15が収容され、陰極室(水素発生室)B を形成してい
る。
In this case, the porous feeder 14 is housed in a sealed chamber composed of the solid electrolyte membrane 12, the anode electrode plate 16 and the packing 14a to form an anode chamber (oxygen generating chamber) A. At the same time, a porous feeder is provided in a sealed chamber composed of the solid electrolyte membrane 12, the cathode electrode plate 18, and the packing 15a.
15 are housed and form a cathode chamber (hydrogen generating chamber) B.

【0017】また、通気性シート26の一側部に水素ガス
取出し管30が装着されるとともに、通気性シートの陰極
電極板18に対向する面と水素ガス取出し管30が装着され
る面以外の面がガス不透過面となっている。さらに、陽
極電極板16の一側部に陽極棒16b が装着されるととも
に、陰極電極板18の反対側の一側部に陰極棒18b が装着
されている。これは、後述するようにロール状に巻装し
たときに、陽極棒16b と陰極棒18b との距離を十分にと
るためである。
Further, the hydrogen gas extraction tube 30 is mounted on one side of the breathable sheet 26, and the surface of the breathable sheet facing the cathode electrode plate 18 and the surface other than the surface on which the hydrogen gas extraction tube 30 is mounted. The surface is a gas impermeable surface. Further, the anode rod 16b is attached to one side portion of the anode electrode plate 16, and the cathode rod 18b is attached to one side portion on the opposite side of the cathode electrode plate 18. This is to ensure a sufficient distance between the anode rod 16b and the cathode rod 18b when wound in a roll shape as described later.

【0018】なお、固体電解質膜12としては、固体高分
子電解質を膜状に形成したもの、例えば、カチオン交換
膜(フッ素樹脂系スルフォン酸カチオン交換膜、例え
ば、デュポン社製「ナフィオン117 」)の両面に、貴金
属、特に、白金族金属からなる多孔質の陽極及び陰極
を、化学的に無電解メッキで接合した構造の「固体高分
子電解質膜」を使用するのが好適である。また、この場
合、両電極としては、白金であるの、例えば、従来の物
理的に電極をイオン交換膜に接触させた構造の固体電解
質では、50〜70A/dm2 であるのに対して、80℃、200A/d
m 2 において約4 年間の長期間電気分解することが可能
となる。なお、この場合、前記イリジウムの他にも、2
種類以上の白金族金属をメッキした多層構造の固体高分
子電解質膜も使用可能であり、より高電流密度化が可能
となる。
As the solid electrolyte membrane 12, a solid polymer electrolyte formed in a film shape, for example, a cation exchange membrane (a fluororesin sulfonic acid cation exchange membrane, for example, "Nafion 117" manufactured by DuPont) is used. It is preferable to use a "solid polymer electrolyte membrane" having a structure in which a porous anode and cathode made of a noble metal, particularly a platinum group metal, are chemically bonded by electroless plating on both sides. Further, in this case, both electrodes are platinum, for example, in the conventional solid electrolyte having a structure in which the electrodes are physically in contact with the ion exchange membrane, while it is 50 to 70 A / dm 2 , 80 ℃, 200A / d
It is possible to carry out electrolysis at m 2 for a long period of about 4 years. In this case, in addition to the above iridium, 2
A multi-layered solid polymer electrolyte membrane plated with at least one kind of platinum group metal can also be used, and a higher current density can be achieved.

【0019】本願の固体電解質膜12では、固体高分子電
解質の両面に貴金属からなる電極を化学的に無電解メッ
キで接合した構造であるので、固体高分子電解質と両電
極の間に水が存在しないので、溶液抵抗、ガス抵抗がな
いので、固体高分子電解質と両電極の間の接触抵抗が低
く、電圧が低く、電流分布が均一となり、高電流密度
化、高温水電解、高圧水電解が可能となり、高純度の酸
素、水素ガスを効率良く得ることが可能である。
Since the solid electrolyte membrane 12 of the present application has a structure in which electrodes made of a noble metal are chemically bonded by electroless plating on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte, water exists between the solid polymer electrolyte and both electrodes. Since it does not have solution resistance and gas resistance, contact resistance between the solid polymer electrolyte and both electrodes is low, voltage is low, current distribution is uniform, high current density, high temperature water electrolysis, high pressure water electrolysis This makes it possible to efficiently obtain high-purity oxygen and hydrogen gas.

【0020】一方、多孔質給電体14,15 としては、通気
性を確保するために、チタン製のメッシュ、例えば、エ
キスパンドメタル3 層重ねで、厚さ数mmとするのが好ま
しい。なお、この多孔質給電体を用いることによって、
陽極電極板16又は陰極電極板18から固体電解質膜12の表
面の白金メッキ部へ、電気分解に必要な電気を供給する
とともに、原料である純水及び発生する酸素、水素ガス
を通過させることができる。なお、多孔質給電体14,15
は、要するに、導電性の通気性を有する多孔質体であれ
ば良く、上記のもの以外にも、カーボン多孔質体、金属
多孔質体、多孔質導電セラミック等が適用可能である。
On the other hand, in order to ensure air permeability, it is preferable that the porous power feeding members 14 and 15 are made of titanium mesh, for example, three layers of expanded metal and have a thickness of several mm. By using this porous power supply,
From the anode electrode plate 16 or the cathode electrode plate 18 to the platinum-plated portion of the surface of the solid electrolyte membrane 12, while supplying electricity necessary for electrolysis, pure water as a raw material and generated oxygen and hydrogen gas can be passed. it can. In addition, the porous feeder 14,15
In short, any porous body having a conductive and air-permeable property may be used, and in addition to the above, a carbon porous body, a metal porous body, a porous conductive ceramic and the like can be applied.

【0021】また、陽極電極板16、陰極電極板18は、チ
タンから構成するのが好ましく、その内部の多孔質集電
部16a,18a は、チタン製のメッシュ、例えば、エキスパ
ンドメタル3 層重ねで、厚さ数mmとするのが好ましい。
The anode electrode plate 16 and the cathode electrode plate 18 are preferably made of titanium, and the porous current collectors 16a and 18a therein are made of titanium mesh, for example, three layers of expanded metal. It is preferable that the thickness is several mm.

【0022】さらに、通水性シート24としては、全方向
に通水性をもたすために、セルロース系樹脂、ポリスル
フォン系樹脂などの多孔質の通水性シートであるのが好
ましく、通気性シート26としては、通気性をもたせるた
めに、ポリサルフォン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(P
TFE)などの樹脂から構成し、通気性シート26の陰極電極
板18に対向する面と水素ガス取出し管30が装着される面
以外の面がガス不透過面となるように、当該面のうち端
面は溶着し、他の面はガス不透過性のシート貼り付ける
などで処理しておく。このような通気性シート26を用い
たので、後述するようにロール状に巻装した場合にも、
発生した水素ガスを酸素ガスと完全に分離して、水素ガ
ス取出し管30に導くことができる。
Further, the water-permeable sheet 24 is preferably a porous water-permeable sheet such as a cellulose resin or a polysulfone resin in order to provide water permeability in all directions, and the air-permeable sheet 26 In order to have breathability, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene (P
TFE) or the like resin, and a surface other than the surface of the breathable sheet 26 facing the cathode electrode plate 18 and the surface on which the hydrogen gas extraction tube 30 is mounted is a gas impermeable surface. The end faces are welded and the other faces are treated by attaching a gas impermeable sheet. Since such a breathable sheet 26 is used, even when wound in a roll shape as described later,
The generated hydrogen gas can be completely separated from the oxygen gas, and can be guided to the hydrogen gas extraction pipe 30.

【0023】なお、これらの各構成部材の合計の厚さと
しては、数mm程度の平板状にするのが、固体電解質膜ユ
ニット10を、ロール状に巻装するために好ましい。
The total thickness of each of these constituent members is preferably a flat plate with a thickness of about several mm in order to wind the solid electrolyte membrane unit 10 into a roll.

【0024】このように構成される固体電解質膜ユニッ
ト10を、図3に示したように水素ガス取出し管30、陽極
棒16b がロールの中心近傍に位置するように、矢印Cで
示した方向に巻装してロール状の固体電解質膜ユニット
10とした後、図4及び図5に示したように、圧力容器40
内に収容して、本発明のスパイラル型電気分解セル50が
構成される。
The solid electrolyte membrane unit 10 constructed as described above is arranged in the direction indicated by the arrow C so that the hydrogen gas extraction tube 30 and the anode rod 16b are located near the center of the roll as shown in FIG. Rolled solid electrolyte membrane unit
After setting to 10, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
The spiral type electrolysis cell 50 of the present invention is configured by being housed inside.

【0025】圧力容器40の左側面に、固体電解質膜ユニ
ット10の水素ガス取出し管30と接続された水素ガス取出
し口42と、純水供給口44が、右側面に酸素ガス取出し口
46が設けられている。また、陽極電極板16の陽極棒16b
と、陰極電極板18の陰極棒18b が突設されており、図示
しない電源に接続されている。
A hydrogen gas outlet 42 connected to the hydrogen gas outlet pipe 30 of the solid electrolyte membrane unit 10 and a pure water supply inlet 44 are provided on the left side of the pressure vessel 40, and an oxygen gas outlet is provided on the right side.
46 are provided. Also, the anode rod 16b of the anode electrode plate 16
The cathode rod 18b of the cathode electrode plate 18 is provided so as to project, and is connected to a power source (not shown).

【0026】そして、電解の際には、図示しない純水供
給源より純水が、純水供給口44を介して、図1の矢印D
方向から、固体電解質膜ユニット10の中でスパイラル状
になった通水性シート24に導入され、矢印E方向に、陽
極室Aに収容された多孔質集電部16a 、多孔質給電体14
に供給される。そして、この陽極室A に供給された純水
が、陽極側の固体電解質膜12において電気分解されて、
2H2 O →O 2 +4H+ +4e- のような反応が起こり、酸素
ガスが発生し、発生した酸素ガスと純水は、通水性シー
ト24中を矢印F方向に移動して、酸素ガス取出し口46か
ら、図示しない酸素側気液分離タンクに導入され酸素ガ
スが水と分離されるようになっている。
At the time of electrolysis, pure water is supplied from a pure water supply source (not shown) through the pure water supply port 44 and indicated by an arrow D in FIG.
From the direction, the porous current collector 16a, which is introduced into the spiral water-permeable sheet 24 in the solid electrolyte membrane unit 10 and is accommodated in the anode chamber A in the direction of the arrow E, the porous power feeder 14
Is supplied to. Then, the pure water supplied to the anode chamber A is electrolyzed in the solid electrolyte membrane 12 on the anode side,
A reaction such as 2H 2 O → O 2 + 4H + + 4e occurs, oxygen gas is generated, and the generated oxygen gas and pure water move in the water permeable sheet 24 in the direction of arrow F, and the oxygen gas outlet From 46, it is introduced into an oxygen side gas-liquid separation tank (not shown) so that oxygen gas is separated from water.

【0027】一方、陰極側においては、固体電解質膜12
をH + が通過して、陰極側の固体電解質膜12において電
気分解されて、4H+ +4e- →2H2 の反応が起こり水素ガ
スが発生し、陽極室Bに収容された多孔質給電体15、多
孔質集電部18a 中を移動して、通気性シート26中を矢印
H方向に移動して、水素ガス取出し管30に接続された水
素ガス取出し口42から、水と水素ガスが取り出され、図
示しない気液分離装置において水素ガスが水と分離され
る。
On the other hand, on the cathode side, the solid electrolyte membrane 12
Of H + passes through and is electrolyzed in the solid electrolyte membrane 12 on the cathode side to cause a reaction of 4H + + 4e → 2H 2 to generate hydrogen gas, and the porous power supply member 15 housed in the anode chamber B 15 , Moving in the porous current collector 18a, moving in the breathable sheet 26 in the direction of the arrow H, and water and hydrogen gas are taken out from the hydrogen gas taking-out port 42 connected to the hydrogen gas taking-out pipe 30. Hydrogen gas is separated from water in a gas-liquid separator (not shown).

【0028】なお、上述の実施例については、陽極側に
純水を供給しながら電気分解して、陽極側から酸素ガス
を、陰極側から水素ガスを発生させるための電気分解用
セルについて述べたが、これ以外にも本発明の電気分解
セルは、水及びイオンを含んだ溶液を電気分解するため
の電気分解用セル一般に適用可能であることは勿論であ
り、本発明の範囲に含まれるものである。
In the above embodiment, the electrolysis cell for electrolyzing while supplying pure water to the anode side to generate oxygen gas from the anode side and hydrogen gas from the cathode side was described. However, in addition to this, the electrolysis cell of the present invention is, of course, applicable to an electrolysis cell for electrolyzing a solution containing water and ions, and is included in the scope of the present invention. Is.

【0029】[0029]

【発明の作用効果】本発明では、固体電解質膜と、その
両面に添設した多孔質給電体と、両多孔質給電体の外側
に添設した多孔質集電部を有する陽極電極板及び陰極電
極板と、陽極電極板の外側に添設した純水供給経路とな
る通水性シートと、陰極電極板の外側に添設した水素ガ
ス捕集経路となる通気性シートとから構成される平板状
の固体電解質膜ユニットを、ロール状に巻装して圧力容
器内に収容したので、下記に示したような顕著で特有な
作用効果を奏する極めて優れた発明である。
According to the present invention, an anode electrode plate and a cathode having a solid electrolyte membrane, a porous current collector provided on both surfaces of the solid electrolyte membrane, and a porous current collector provided on the outside of both porous current collectors. A flat plate shape composed of an electrode plate, a water-permeable sheet which is provided outside the anode electrode plate and serves as a pure water supply path, and a breathable sheet which is provided outside the cathode electrode plate and serves as a hydrogen gas collection path. Since the solid electrolyte membrane unit (1) is wound into a roll and housed in a pressure vessel, it is an extremely excellent invention that exhibits the following remarkable and unique action and effect.

【0030】(1)固体電解質膜が、ロール状の固体電
解質膜ユニット中でスパイラル状に存在することとなる
ので、装置容積当たりの膜(固体電解質膜)面積が大き
くとれるので、装置容積当たりの気体の発生量が多くな
る。
(1) Since the solid electrolyte membrane exists spirally in the roll-shaped solid electrolyte membrane unit, a large membrane (solid electrolyte membrane) area per unit volume of the apparatus can be obtained. A large amount of gas is generated.

【0031】(2)従来に比較して、エンドプレート、
スペーサが省略でき、シール構成部材などの部品点数が
少なく、また、複雑な配管構成が不要なため、装置が簡
素化でき、陽極室と陰極室から発生した気体と液体とが
電気分解用セル外部へ漏洩することがなく安全であり、
しかも電気分解用セルの大型化、高機能化、すなわち、
発生する気体の圧力が高くなることにも耐え得る電気分
解用セルを提供できる。
(2) Compared with the conventional one, the end plate,
Since the spacer can be omitted, the number of parts such as seal components is small, and the complicated piping configuration is not required, the device can be simplified, and the gas and liquid generated from the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are outside the electrolysis cell. It is safe without leaking to
Moreover, the electrolysis cell is made larger and more functional, that is,
It is possible to provide an electrolysis cell that can withstand the increase in the pressure of generated gas.

【0032】(3)平板状の固体電解質膜ユニットを、
ロール状に巻装して圧力容器内に収容し、従来型の電解
セルが、電解によって消費される純水(液体)に覆われ
る状態であるので、純水を膜(固体電解質膜)に均一に
供給できる。
(3) The flat solid electrolyte membrane unit is
Since the conventional electrolysis cell is wrapped in a roll and housed in a pressure vessel, and the conventional electrolysis cell is covered with pure water (liquid) consumed by electrolysis, the pure water is uniformly applied to the membrane (solid electrolyte membrane). Can be supplied to.

【0033】(4)平板状の固体電解質膜ユニットを、
ロール状に巻装して圧力容器内に収容したので、万一固
体電解質膜ユニットのシール部において、漏れが生じた
場合においても、電気分解用セル内及びこれに接続され
る配管内への漏洩のみで配管外へは漏洩がないため、外
部の着火源から引火することがなく、安全である。
(4) The flat solid electrolyte membrane unit is
Since it was wound into a roll and housed in a pressure vessel, even if a leak occurs at the seal part of the solid electrolyte membrane unit, it will leak into the electrolysis cell and the pipe connected to it. Since it does not leak outside the piping by itself, it is safe because it does not ignite from an external ignition source.

【0034】(5)発生する水素ガス、酸素ガスの圧力
バランス、ならびに供給する純水の圧力を制御すること
によって、圧力容器の耐圧強度に制限される圧力まで発
生ガスの圧力を上昇することができるので、高圧ガスが
必要とされる場合においても水素ガス、酸素ガスの昇圧
設備が不要となる。
(5) By controlling the pressure balance of the generated hydrogen gas and oxygen gas and the pressure of pure water to be supplied, the pressure of the generated gas can be raised to a pressure limited by the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel. Therefore, even when high-pressure gas is needed, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas boosting equipment is not required.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】図1は、本発明の電気分解用セルの固体電解質
膜ユニットをロール状に巻装する前の分解斜視図であ
る。
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view before winding a solid electrolyte membrane unit of an electrolysis cell of the present invention into a roll shape.

【図2】図2は、説明のために各構成部材間を離間して
示した図1 のA −A 線についての縦断面図である。
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 in which the constituent members are separated from each other for the sake of explanation.

【図3】図3は、本発明の電気分解用セルの固体電解質
膜ユニットをロール状に巻装する状態を示す斜視図であ
る。
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention is wound in a roll shape.

【図4】図4は、本発明の電気分解用セルの固体電解質
膜ユニットをロール状に巻装したものを圧力容器内に収
容して本発明の電気分解用セルを構成した状態を示す斜
視図である。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a solid electrolyte membrane unit of the electrolysis cell of the present invention wound in a roll shape is housed in a pressure vessel to form the electrolysis cell of the present invention. It is a figure.

【図5】図5は、図4のB方向端面図である。5 is an end view in the B direction of FIG.

【図6】図6は、従来の平板型電気分解セルの断面図で
ある。
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional flat plate electrolytic cell.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

10…固体電解質膜ユニット 12…固体電解質膜 14,15 …多孔質給電体 14a,15a,20a,22a …パッキン 16…陽極電極板 16a,18a …多孔質集電部 16b,18b …給電棒 18…陰極電極板 24…通水性シート 26…通気性シート 30…水素ガス取出し管 40…圧力容器 42…水素ガス取出し口 44…純水供給口 46…酸素ガス取出し口 50…スパイラル型電気分解セル 100 …電気分解用セル 102 …固体高分子電解質膜 104 …多孔質給電体 106 …陽極電極板 108 …陰極電極板 110 …固体電解質膜ユニット 112 、 114 …シリコンガスケット 116 、 118 …エンドプレート 120 、 122 …シリコンパッキン A…陽極室( 酸素発生室) B…陰極室(水素発生室) 10 ... Solid electrolyte membrane unit 12 ... Solid electrolyte membrane 14,15 ... Porous power feeder 14a, 15a, 20a, 22a ... Packing 16 ... Anode electrode plate 16a, 18a ... Porous collector 16b, 18b ... Feed rod 18 ... Cathode electrode plate 24 ... Water-permeable sheet 26 ... Breathable sheet 30 ... Hydrogen gas take-out pipe 40 ... Pressure vessel 42 ... Hydrogen gas take-out port 44 ... Pure water supply port 46 ... Oxygen gas take-out port 50 ... Spiral type electrolysis cell 100 ... Electrolysis cell 102 ... Solid polymer electrolyte membrane 104 ... Porous power supply 106 ... Anode electrode plate 108 ... Cathode electrode plate 110 ... Solid electrolyte membrane unit 112, 114 ... Silicon gasket 116, 118 ... End plate 120, 122 ... Silicon Packing A ... Anode chamber (oxygen generation chamber) B ... Cathode chamber (hydrogen generation chamber)

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 長尾 衛 大阪府大阪市東淀川区井高野2丁目7番18 −102号 (72)発明者 原田 宙幸 東京都練馬区西大泉2−25−43 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mamoru Nagao 2-7-1-18, Itakano, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Harada 2-25-43 Nishioizumi, Nerima-ku, Tokyo

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 固体電解質膜と、その両面に添設した多
孔質給電体と、両多孔質給電体の外側に添設した多孔質
集電部を有する陽極電極板及び陰極電極板と、陽極電極
板の外側に添設した純水供給経路となる通水性シート
と、陰極電極板の外側に添設した水素ガス捕集経路とな
る通気性シートとから構成される平板状の固体電解質膜
ユニットを、ロール状に巻装して圧力容器内に収容した
ことを特徴とするスパイラル型電気分解用セル。
1. A solid electrolyte membrane, a porous current collector provided on both sides of the solid electrolyte membrane, an anode electrode plate and a cathode electrode plate having porous current collectors provided on the outer sides of both porous current sources, and an anode. A plate-shaped solid electrolyte membrane unit composed of a water-permeable sheet which is provided on the outside of the electrode plate and serves as a pure water supply path, and a breathable sheet which is provided on the outside of the cathode electrode plate and serves as a hydrogen gas collection path. Is wound in a roll and housed in a pressure vessel.
【請求項2】 前記通気性シートの一側部に水素ガス取
出し管が装着されるとともに、通気性シートの陰極電極
板に対向する面と水素ガス取出し管が装着される面以外
の面がガス不透過面となっていることを特徴とする請求
項1に記載のスパイラル型電気分解用セル。
2. A hydrogen gas extraction tube is attached to one side of the breathable sheet, and a surface of the breathable sheet facing the cathode electrode plate and a surface other than the surface on which the hydrogen gas extraction tube is attached are gas. The spiral electrolysis cell according to claim 1, which is an impermeable surface.
【請求項3】 前記陽極電極板の一側部に陽極棒が装着
されるとともに、陰極電極板の反対側の一側部に陰極棒
が装着されていることを特徴とする請求項1から2のい
ずれかに記載のスパイラル型電気分解用セル。
3. The anode rod is attached to one side portion of the anode electrode plate, and the cathode rod is attached to one side portion on the opposite side of the cathode electrode plate. The spiral electrolysis cell according to any one of 1.
JP7135094A 1995-06-01 1995-06-01 Spiral electrolysis cell Expired - Fee Related JP2971780B2 (en)

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JP7135094A JP2971780B2 (en) 1995-06-01 1995-06-01 Spiral electrolysis cell

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7135094A JP2971780B2 (en) 1995-06-01 1995-06-01 Spiral electrolysis cell

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US11005117B2 (en) 2019-02-01 2021-05-11 Aquahydrex, Inc. Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte

Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014508213A (en) * 2010-12-10 2014-04-03 ユニバーシティー オブ ウロンゴング Improvement regarding multi-layer water splitting apparatus and manufacturing method thereof
JP2017095804A (en) * 2010-12-10 2017-06-01 ユニバーシティー オブ ウロンゴング Multi-layer water splitting devices, and improvement related to its manufacturing methods
US9708719B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2017-07-18 Aquahydrex Pty Ltd Multi-layer water-splitting devices
US10428431B2 (en) 2010-12-10 2019-10-01 Aquahydrex Pty Ltd Multi-layer water-splitting devices
US10577700B2 (en) 2012-06-12 2020-03-03 Aquahydrex Pty Ltd Breathable electrode structure and method for use in water splitting
US10637068B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2020-04-28 Aquahydrex, Inc. Modular electrochemical cells
US11018345B2 (en) 2013-07-31 2021-05-25 Aquahydrex, Inc. Method and electrochemical cell for managing electrochemical reactions
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US11005117B2 (en) 2019-02-01 2021-05-11 Aquahydrex, Inc. Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte
US11682783B2 (en) 2019-02-01 2023-06-20 Aquahydrex, Inc. Electrochemical system with confined electrolyte
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