JPH08319820A - Exhaust emission control device - Google Patents
Exhaust emission control deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08319820A JPH08319820A JP7124851A JP12485195A JPH08319820A JP H08319820 A JPH08319820 A JP H08319820A JP 7124851 A JP7124851 A JP 7124851A JP 12485195 A JP12485195 A JP 12485195A JP H08319820 A JPH08319820 A JP H08319820A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- pipe
- exhaust
- valve
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はエンジン、特にディーゼ
ルエンジンから排出される排ガスを浄化する装置に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for purifying exhaust gas emitted from an engine, particularly a diesel engine.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種の装置として、エンジンの
排気管に酸化触媒が収容された触媒コンバータが設けら
れ、触媒コンバータを迂回するように排気管にバイパス
管が接続され、排ガスの触媒コンバータ及びバイパス管
へのそれぞれの流量を第１バルブが調整し、更に触媒コ
ンバータより排ガス上流側の排ガス温度を検出する温度
センサの検出出力に基づいてコントローラが第１バルブ
を制御するように構成された排気ガス処理装置が開示さ
れている（実開平４−７５１２４）。この装置では、温
度センサが酸化触媒による排ガス浄化作用を得られる所
定の活性化温度範囲内の温度、即ち温度Ｔ1より高い排
ガス温度を検出すると、バイパス管への排ガスの流入を
遮断して排ガスを触媒コンバータに導き、このコンバー
タに収容された酸化触媒により排ガスを浄化する。また
温度センサが例えばエンジンの軽負荷運転時のように、
酸化触媒による排ガス浄化作用を得られる所定の活性化
温度範囲から外れた温度、即ち温度Ｔ1以下の排ガス温
度を検出すると、触媒コンバータへの排ガスの流入を遮
断してバイパス管に導くようになっている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device of this type, a catalytic converter in which an oxidation catalyst is accommodated is provided in an exhaust pipe of an engine, and a bypass pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe so as to bypass the catalytic converter, and a catalytic converter for exhaust gas is provided. The first valve adjusts the respective flow rates to the bypass pipe and the bypass pipe, and the controller controls the first valve based on the detection output of the temperature sensor that detects the exhaust gas temperature on the exhaust gas upstream side of the catalytic converter. An exhaust gas treatment device is disclosed (Actual Kaihei 4-75124). In this device, when the temperature sensor detects a temperature within a predetermined activation temperature range where the exhaust gas purifying action by the oxidation catalyst is obtained, that is, an exhaust gas temperature higher than the temperature T 1 , the exhaust gas is blocked by blocking the inflow of the exhaust gas into the bypass pipe. Is introduced into a catalytic converter, and exhaust gas is purified by an oxidation catalyst contained in this converter. Also, when the temperature sensor is operating, for example, at light load of the engine,
When a temperature outside the predetermined activation temperature range in which the exhaust gas purifying action of the oxidation catalyst can be obtained, that is, an exhaust gas temperature not higher than the temperature T 1 , is detected, the exhaust gas is prevented from flowing into the catalytic converter and is guided to the bypass pipe. ing.
【０００３】一方、エンジンの排ガス中のパティキュレ
ートを除去するために、排気管にパティキュレートフィ
ルタが収容されたパティキュレート捕集器が設けられた
パティキュレート除去装置が知られている。この装置で
は、フィルタにパティキュレートが堆積してフィルタが
目詰まりすると、電気ヒータやバーナ等により捕集され
たパティキュレートを焼却することによりフィルタを再
生するようになっている。On the other hand, in order to remove particulates in the exhaust gas of the engine, there is known a particulate removal device provided with a particulate collector in which an exhaust pipe contains a particulate filter. In this device, when particulates are deposited on the filter and the filter is clogged, the particulates collected by an electric heater, a burner or the like are incinerated to regenerate the filter.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の排
気ガス処理装置では、排ガス温度が酸化触媒による排ガ
ス浄化作用の低い温度Ｔ1以下のときには、排ガスを浄
化せずにバイパス管を介してそのまま大気に排出してし
まい、排ガスを十分に浄化できない不具合があった。ま
た、上記従来の排気ガス処理装置では、排ガス温度が温
度Ｔ1を越えて極めて高くなると、排ガス中の硫黄分が
酸化されて硫酸塩が生成される問題点もあった。また、
上記従来のパティキュレート除去装置では、パティキュ
レートフィルタの目詰まり時にフィルタを再生するため
の電気ヒータやバーナを必要とし、かつパティキュレー
トの捕集量検出部の構造が複雑であり、製造コストを押
上げる問題点があった。更に、上記従来のパティキュレ
ート除去装置では、上記捕集量検出部の信頼性が低い問
題点があった。However, in the above-mentioned conventional exhaust gas treatment apparatus, when the exhaust gas temperature is lower than the temperature T 1 at which the exhaust gas purification action by the oxidation catalyst is low, the exhaust gas is not purified and is directly passed through the bypass pipe. There was a problem that exhaust gas was discharged into the atmosphere and exhaust gas could not be sufficiently purified. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional exhaust gas treatment apparatus, when the exhaust gas temperature exceeds the temperature T 1 and becomes extremely high, the sulfur content in the exhaust gas is oxidized to generate a sulfate. Also,
The above conventional particulate remover requires an electric heater and a burner for regenerating the filter when the particulate filter is clogged, and the structure of the particulate collection amount detection unit is complicated, which reduces the manufacturing cost. There was a problem raising it. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional particulate matter removing device, there is a problem that the collected amount detecting portion has low reliability.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、電気ヒータやバーナ等を
用いない比較的簡単な構造で、パティキュレートフィル
タに堆積したパティキュレートを酸化除去できる排ガス
浄化装置を提供することにある。本発明の別の目的は、
排ガス温度が極めて高いときには排ガスをバイパス管に
導くことにより酸化触媒での硫酸塩の生成を防止でき、
排ガス温度が低いエンジンの軽負荷運転時であってもパ
ティキュレートフィルタに堆積したパティキュレートを
酸化除去できる排ガス浄化装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus which has a relatively simple structure without using an electric heater, a burner or the like and which can oxidize and remove the particulates deposited on the particulate filter. Another object of the present invention is to
When the exhaust gas temperature is extremely high, it is possible to prevent the formation of sulfate in the oxidation catalyst by guiding the exhaust gas to the bypass pipe,
An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus capable of oxidizing and removing particulate matter accumulated on a particulate filter even when an engine with a low exhaust gas temperature is operated under a light load.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
の本発明の構成を、実施例に対応する図１を用いて説明
する。本発明は、エンジン１１の排気管１３に設けられ
酸化触媒１６が収容された触媒コンバータ１４と、触媒
コンバータ１４を迂回するように排気管１３に接続され
たバイパス管１７と、排ガスの触媒コンバータ１４及び
バイパス管１７へのそれぞれの流量を調整可能な第１バ
ルブ２１と、触媒コンバータ１４より排ガス上流側の排
ガス温度を検出する温度センサ２６と、温度センサ２６
の検出出力に基づいて第１バルブ２１を制御するコント
ローラ２８とを備えた排ガス浄化装置の改良である。そ
の特徴ある構成は、触媒コンバータ１４及びバイパス管
１７より排ガス下流側の排気管１３に設けられパティキ
ュレートフィルタ２４が収容されたパティキュレート捕
集器２３と、パティキュレート捕集器２３より排ガス下
流側の排気管１３に設けられ排気管１３を流れる排ガス
流量を調整可能な第２バルブ２２とを備え、コントロー
ラ２８が温度センサ２６の検出出力に基づいて第１及び
第２バルブ２１，２２を制御するように構成されたとこ
ろにある。A configuration of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment. The present invention is directed to a catalytic converter 14 provided in an exhaust pipe 13 of an engine 11 and accommodating an oxidation catalyst 16, a bypass pipe 17 connected to the exhaust pipe 13 so as to bypass the catalytic converter 14, and a catalytic converter 14 for exhaust gas. And a first valve 21 capable of adjusting the respective flow rates to the bypass pipe 17, a temperature sensor 26 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature on the exhaust gas upstream side of the catalytic converter 14, and a temperature sensor 26.
This is an improvement of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus including the controller 28 that controls the first valve 21 based on the detection output of 1. The characteristic configuration is that the particulate trap 23 is provided in the exhaust pipe 13 on the exhaust gas downstream side of the catalytic converter 14 and the bypass pipe 17 and contains the particulate filter 24, and the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate collector 23. A second valve 22 provided in the exhaust pipe 13 and capable of adjusting the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 13, and the controller 28 controls the first and second valves 21 and 22 based on the detection output of the temperature sensor 26. It has been configured as follows.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】エンジン１１の軽負荷運転時にはコントローラ
２８は比較的低い排ガス温度を検出した温度センサ２６
の検出出力に基づいて第１バルブ２１を制御しバイパス
管１７を閉止して排ガスを触媒コンバータ１４に導くと
同時に、第２バルブ２２を絞って排気抵抗を増すことに
より排ガス温度を上昇させる。この結果、エンジン１１
の軽負荷運転時であっても、酸化触媒１６が活性化する
ので、排ガス中の一酸化窒素が酸化触媒により二酸化窒
素に転化され、この二酸化窒素はパティキュレートフィ
ルタ２４により捕集されたパティキュレートを酸化除去
する。When the engine 11 is operated under a light load, the controller 28 detects the temperature of the exhaust gas which is relatively low.
The exhaust gas temperature is raised by controlling the first valve 21 and closing the bypass pipe 17 to guide the exhaust gas to the catalytic converter 14 based on the detection output of the above, and at the same time narrowing the second valve 22 to increase the exhaust gas resistance. As a result, the engine 11
Since the oxidation catalyst 16 is activated even during the light load operation of NOx, the nitric oxide in the exhaust gas is converted into nitrogen dioxide by the oxidation catalyst, and the nitrogen dioxide is collected by the particulate filter 24. Is removed by oxidation.
【０００８】またエンジン１１の中負荷運転時には排ガ
スが所定の温度範囲内にあるので、コントローラ２８は
第２バルブ２２を全開にする。この結果、酸化触媒１６
にて二酸化窒素が生成されるので、この二酸化窒素によ
りパティキュレートフィルタ２４に堆積したパティキュ
レートが酸化除去される。更にエンジン１１の高負荷運
転時にはコントローラ２８は極めて高い排ガス温度を検
出した温度センサ２６の検出出力に基づいて第１バルブ
２１を制御し、排ガスを触媒コンバータ１４を迂回し
て、即ちバイパス管１７を介してパティキュレート捕集
器２３に導入する。これは高温の排ガスを触媒コンバー
タ２３に導入することにより酸化触媒１６にて生成され
るミスト状の硫酸塩の生成を防止するためである。Further, when the engine 11 is operating under medium load, the exhaust gas is within a predetermined temperature range, so the controller 28 fully opens the second valve 22. As a result, the oxidation catalyst 16
Since nitrogen dioxide is generated in the above, the nitrogen dioxide oxidizes and removes the particulates deposited on the particulate filter 24. Further, during high load operation of the engine 11, the controller 28 controls the first valve 21 based on the detection output of the temperature sensor 26 that has detected an extremely high exhaust gas temperature, bypasses the exhaust gas through the catalytic converter 14, that is, the bypass pipe 17. It is introduced into the particulate collector 23 via the. This is to prevent the generation of mist-like sulfate generated in the oxidation catalyst 16 by introducing the high temperature exhaust gas into the catalytic converter 23.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】次に本発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて詳し
く説明する。図１に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン１
１の排気マニホルド１２には排気管１３の一端が接続さ
れ、この排気管１３の途中には触媒コンバータ１４が設
けられる。この触媒コンバータ１４には酸化触媒１６が
収容される。酸化触媒１６はこの例ではハニカム状又は
ペレット状に形成された多孔質のアルミナのセラミック
担体に白金又はパラジウム等の貴金属を分散して担持さ
せることにより形成される。An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a diesel engine 1
One end of an exhaust pipe 13 is connected to the exhaust manifold 12 of No. 1, and a catalytic converter 14 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 13. An oxidation catalyst 16 is accommodated in this catalytic converter 14. In this example, the oxidation catalyst 16 is formed by dispersing and supporting a precious metal such as platinum or palladium on a porous alumina ceramic carrier formed in a honeycomb shape or a pellet shape.
【００１０】また排気管１３には触媒コンバータ１４を
迂回するようにバイパス管１７が接続される。即ちバイ
パス管１７は排気管１３のうちバイパス管１７の排ガス
上流端が接続された分岐部１８とバイパス管１７の排ガ
ス下流端が接続された合流部１９との間に位置する主管
１３ａに並列に接続される。排気管１３の分岐部１８に
は排ガスの主管１３ａ及びバイパス管１７へのそれぞれ
の流量を調整可能な第１バルブ２１が設けられる。この
バルブ２１は主管１３ａ及びバイパス管１７を開閉する
第１バルブ本体２１ａと、この第１バルブ本体２１ａを
駆動する第１駆動手段２１ｂとを有する。第１バルブ本
体２１ａは第１駆動手段２１ｂにより主管１３ａ及びバ
イパス管１７の両者に同時に排ガスを導入可能な実線で
示す中立位置と、主管１３ａを開放しかつバイパス管１
７を閉止する一点鎖線で示す主管開放位置と、主管１３
ａを閉止しかつバイパス管１７を開放する破線で示すバ
イパス管開放位置との３位置に回動可能に構成される。A bypass pipe 17 is connected to the exhaust pipe 13 so as to bypass the catalytic converter 14. That is, the bypass pipe 17 is parallel to the main pipe 13a located between the branch portion 18 of the exhaust pipe 13 to which the exhaust gas upstream end of the bypass pipe 17 is connected and the merging portion 19 to which the exhaust gas downstream end of the bypass pipe 17 is connected. Connected. The branch portion 18 of the exhaust pipe 13 is provided with a first valve 21 capable of adjusting the respective flow rates of the exhaust gas to the main pipe 13a and the bypass pipe 17. The valve 21 has a first valve body 21a that opens and closes the main pipe 13a and the bypass pipe 17, and a first drive means 21b that drives the first valve body 21a. The first valve body 21a has a neutral position shown by a solid line where exhaust gas can be simultaneously introduced into both the main pipe 13a and the bypass pipe 17 by the first drive means 21b, and the main pipe 13a is opened and the bypass pipe 1 is opened.
7, the main pipe open position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, and the main pipe 13
It is configured to be rotatable in three positions, that is, a bypass pipe open position indicated by a broken line that closes a and opens the bypass pipe 17.
【００１１】触媒コンバータ１４及びバイパス管１７よ
り排ガス下流側の排気管１３、即ち合流部１９より排ガ
ス下流側の排気管１３にはパティキュレート捕集器２３
が設けられ、この捕集器２３にはパティキュレートフィ
ルタ２４が収容される。フィルタ２４はこの例では多孔
質の耐熱性セラミック材料により形成されたハニカムフ
ィルタであり、円筒状のフィルタ本体２４ａと、このフ
ィルタ本体２４ａ内に排ガス流の方向に延びる格子状の
隔壁２４ｂと、この隔壁２４ｂにより形成された断面略
長方形状の複数の排ガス通路２４ｃと、これらの通路２
４ｃの出口を１つ置きに目封じする出口側栓２４ｄと、
出口側栓２４ｄにより目封じされていない排ガス通路２
４ｃの入口を目封じする入口側栓２４ｅとを有する。排
ガス中のパティキュレートは上記隔壁２４ｂを通過する
際に捕集されるようになっている。パティキュレート捕
集器２３より排ガス下流側の排気管１３にはこの排気管
１３を流れる排ガス流量を調整可能な第２バルブ２２が
設けられる。このバルブ２２は第２バルブ本体２２ａ
と、この第２バルブ本体２２ａを駆動する第２駆動手段
２２ｂとを有する。第２バルブ本体２２ａは排気管１３
を全開する実線で示す全開位置及び排気管１３を半開に
する破線で示す半開位置の２位置に回動可能に構成され
る。A particulate trap 23 is provided on the exhaust pipe 13 on the exhaust gas downstream side of the catalytic converter 14 and the bypass pipe 17, that is, on the exhaust pipe 13 on the exhaust gas downstream side of the confluence portion 19.
The particulate filter 24 is housed in the collector 23. In this example, the filter 24 is a honeycomb filter formed of a porous heat-resistant ceramic material, and includes a cylindrical filter body 24a, a lattice-shaped partition wall 24b extending in the exhaust gas flow direction in the filter body 24a, and A plurality of exhaust gas passages 24c having a substantially rectangular cross section formed by the partition walls 24b, and these passages 2
An outlet side plug 24d for sealing every other outlet of 4c,
Exhaust gas passage 2 which is not plugged by outlet side plug 24d
An inlet side plug 24e for sealing the inlet of 4c. Particulates in the exhaust gas are collected when passing through the partition wall 24b. A second valve 22 capable of adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe 13 is provided in the exhaust pipe 13 on the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate collector 23. This valve 22 is the second valve body 22a.
And a second drive means 22b for driving the second valve body 22a. The second valve body 22a is the exhaust pipe 13
Is rotatable to a fully open position shown by a solid line and a half open position shown by a broken line to make the exhaust pipe 13 half open.
【００１２】分岐部１８より排ガス上流側の排気管１３
には、触媒コンバータ１４より排ガス上流側の排ガス温
度を検出する温度センサ２６と、分岐部より排ガス上流
側の排ガス圧力を検出する圧力センサ２７とが設けられ
る。温度センサ２６及び圧力センサ２７の各検出出力は
コントローラ２８の制御入力に接続され、コントローラ
２８の制御出力は第１及び第２駆動手段２１ｂ，２２ｂ
に接続される。コントローラ２８にはメモリ２９が設け
られ、このメモリ２９には第１及び第２バルブ２１，２
２を切換える条件である所定の温度及び所定の圧力が記
憶される。所定の温度はこの例では５５０℃及び３００
℃であり、所定の圧力はこの例では２００ｍｍＨｇであ
る。また図２に示すように排ガス温度Ｔが３００℃以下
では一酸化窒素の二酸化窒素への転化率は低く、排ガス
温度Ｔが３００℃〜５５０℃では上記転化率は急激に上
昇し、排ガス温度Ｔが５５０℃以上になると上記転化率
は略一定になることが知られている。Exhaust pipe 13 upstream of exhaust gas from branching portion 18
A temperature sensor 26 that detects an exhaust gas temperature on the exhaust gas upstream side of the catalytic converter 14 and a pressure sensor 27 that detects an exhaust gas pressure on the exhaust gas upstream side of the branch portion are provided therein. The respective detection outputs of the temperature sensor 26 and the pressure sensor 27 are connected to the control input of the controller 28, and the control output of the controller 28 is the first and second driving means 21b, 22b.
Connected to. The controller 28 is provided with a memory 29, and the memory 29 has the first and second valves 21 and 2.
A predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure which are conditions for switching 2 are stored. The predetermined temperature is 550 ° C. and 300 in this example.
C. and the predetermined pressure is 200 mmHg in this example. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the exhaust gas temperature T is 300 ° C. or lower, the conversion rate of nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide is low, and when the exhaust gas temperature T is 300 ° C. to 550 ° C., the conversion rate rises sharply, and the exhaust gas temperature T It is known that the above conversion rate becomes substantially constant when the temperature is 550 ° C. or higher.
【００１３】このように構成された排ガス浄化装置の動
作を図１〜図３に基づいて説明する。エンジン１１始動
直後や軽負荷運転時には排ガス温度は比較的低く、温度
センサ２６は排ガス温度Ｔ＝５５０℃未満を検出する。
コントローラ２８は上記温度センサ２６の検出出力に基
づいて第１駆動手段２１ｂを駆動し、第１バルブ本体２
１ａを図１の一点鎖線で示す主管開放位置に回転させ
る。またエンジン１１始動直後や軽負荷運転時であって
もパティキュレートフィルタ２４に所定量以上のパティ
キュレートが堆積し、圧力センサ２７が排ガス圧力Ｐ＝
２００ｍｍＨｇ以上を検出すると、コントローラ２８は
上記圧力センサ２７の検出出力に基づいて第２駆動手段
２２ｂを駆動し、第２バルブ本体２２ａを破線で示す半
開位置にし、排気抵抗を増すことにより排ガス温度を上
昇させる。温度センサ２６が排ガス温度Ｔ＝３００℃を
越えたことを検出すると、コントローラ２８は第２駆動
手段２２ｂを介して第２バルブ本体２２ａを実線で示す
全開位置にする。排ガス温度が３００℃を越えると、図
２に示すように酸化触媒１６が活性化し、一酸化炭素や
炭化水素等の有害ガスを二酸化炭素や水等の無害な物質
に転化するとともに、一酸化窒素を二酸化窒素に転化す
る。転化された二酸化窒素はパティキュレート捕集器２
３に導入され、パティキュレートフィルタ２４により捕
集されたパティキュレートを酸化除去する。この結果、
エンジン１１始動直後や軽負荷運転時であっても、フィ
ルタ２４に堆積したパティキュレートを除去できる。The operation of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus thus constructed will be described with reference to FIGS. Immediately after starting the engine 11 or during light load operation, the exhaust gas temperature is relatively low, and the temperature sensor 26 detects an exhaust gas temperature T of less than 550 ° C.
The controller 28 drives the first drive means 21b based on the detection output of the temperature sensor 26, and the first valve body 2
1a is rotated to the main pipe open position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. Also, immediately after the engine 11 is started or during light load operation, a certain amount or more of particulates are accumulated on the particulate filter 24, and the pressure sensor 27 causes the exhaust gas pressure P =.
When 200 mmHg or more is detected, the controller 28 drives the second drive means 22b based on the detection output of the pressure sensor 27 to bring the second valve body 22a to the half-open position indicated by the broken line, thereby increasing the exhaust resistance to reduce the exhaust gas temperature. To raise. When the temperature sensor 26 detects that the exhaust gas temperature T exceeds 300 ° C., the controller 28 sets the second valve body 22a to the fully open position indicated by the solid line via the second drive means 22b. When the exhaust gas temperature exceeds 300 ° C., the oxidation catalyst 16 is activated, as shown in FIG. 2, to convert harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water, as well as nitric oxide. Is converted to nitrogen dioxide. The converted nitrogen dioxide is a particulate collector 2
The particulates introduced into No. 3 and trapped by the particulate filter 24 are removed by oxidation. As a result,
The particulate matter accumulated on the filter 24 can be removed even immediately after the engine 11 is started or during light load operation.
【００１４】またエンジン１１が中負荷運転されると、
排ガス温度は３００℃〜５５０℃の範囲内になるので、
上記と同様に酸化触媒１６にて生成された二酸化窒素に
よりパティキュレートフィルタ２４に堆積したパティキ
ュレートが酸化除去され、フィルタ２４はパティキュレ
ートの堆積による目詰まりを生じない。エンジン１１が
高負荷運転されて温度センサ２６が排ガス温度Ｔ＝５５
０℃以上を検出すると、コントローラ２８は第１駆動手
段２１ｂを駆動して第１バルブ本体２１ａを図１の破線
で示すバイパス管開放位置に回転させ、排ガスを触媒コ
ンバータ１４を迂回してパティキュレート捕集器２３に
導入する。これは高温の排ガスを触媒コンバータ１６に
導入すると、排ガス流の硫黄分が酸化触媒１６にて酸化
されてミスト状の硫酸塩が生成されるのを回避するため
である。高負荷運転時にフィルタ２４に堆積したパティ
キュレートは排ガスの熱のみで酸化除去される。When the engine 11 is operated under medium load,
Since the exhaust gas temperature is in the range of 300 ° C to 550 ° C,
Similarly to the above, the nitrogen dioxide generated by the oxidation catalyst 16 oxidizes and removes the particulates deposited on the particulate filter 24, so that the filter 24 does not become clogged due to the particulate deposition. The engine 11 is operated under high load, and the temperature sensor 26 detects the exhaust gas temperature T = 55.
When 0 ° C. or higher is detected, the controller 28 drives the first drive means 21b to rotate the first valve body 21a to the bypass pipe open position shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, and the exhaust gas bypasses the catalytic converter 14 to be particulated. It is introduced into the collector 23. This is because when the high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced into the catalytic converter 16, it is possible to prevent the sulfur content of the exhaust gas stream from being oxidized by the oxidation catalyst 16 to generate a mist-like sulfate. The particulates deposited on the filter 24 during the high load operation are oxidized and removed only by the heat of the exhaust gas.
【００１５】なお、上記実施例では第１バルブを中立位
置、主管開放位置及びバイパス管開放位置の３段階に制
御し、第２バルブを全開位置及び半開位置の２段階に制
御したが、第１バルブを主管開放位置及びバイパス管開
放位置の２段階又は４段階以上に制御し、第２バルブを
３段階以上に制御してもよい。この場合、より細かな最
適化が可能となる。また、上記実施例ではコントローラ
の制御入力に温度センサ及び圧力センサの各検出出力を
接続したが、パティキュレートフィルタに堆積したパテ
ィキュレートを完全に二酸化窒素により酸化除去できれ
ば、圧力センサを用いずに温度センサののみをコントロ
ーラの制御入力に接続してもよい。この場合、コントロ
ーラは温度センサの検出出力に基づいて第１及び第２バ
ルブを制御する。更に、上記実施例で挙げた排ガス温度
及び排ガス圧力の数値は一例であってこれらの数値に限
定されるものではない。In the above embodiment, the first valve is controlled in three stages of the neutral position, the main pipe opening position and the bypass pipe opening position, and the second valve is controlled in the two stages of the full open position and the half open position. The valve may be controlled in two stages or four or more stages of the main pipe open position and the bypass pipe open position, and the second valve may be controlled in three or more stages. In this case, finer optimization is possible. Further, in the above embodiment, the detection outputs of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor were connected to the control input of the controller.However, if the particulate matter accumulated on the particulate filter can be completely oxidized and removed by nitrogen dioxide, the temperature sensor can be used without using the pressure sensor. Only the sensor may be connected to the control input of the controller. In this case, the controller controls the first and second valves based on the detection output of the temperature sensor. Further, the numerical values of the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas pressure mentioned in the above-mentioned examples are merely examples and are not limited to these numerical values.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、触
媒コンバータ及びこのコンバータを迂回するバイパス管
より排ガス下流側の排気管にパティキュレート捕集器を
設け、コントローラが排ガス温度を検出する温度センサ
の検出出力に基づいて、排ガスの触媒コンバータ及びバ
イパス管へのそれぞれの流入量を調整する第１バルブ
と、パティキュレート捕集器より排ガス下流側の排気管
への排ガス流量を調整する第２バルブとを制御するよう
に構成したので、排ガス温度が酸化触媒による排ガス浄
化作用の低い温度以下のときに、排ガスを浄化せずにバ
イパス管を介してそのまま大気に排出してしまう従来の
排気ガス処理装置と比較して、本発明では排ガス温度が
低いエンジンの軽負荷運転時であってもパティキュレー
トフィルタに堆積したパティキュレートを酸化除去でき
る。As described above, according to the present invention, a particulate trap is provided in the exhaust pipe on the exhaust gas downstream side of the catalytic converter and the bypass pipe bypassing the converter, and the controller detects the exhaust gas temperature. A first valve that adjusts the inflow amount of exhaust gas into each of the catalytic converter and the bypass pipe based on the detection output of the temperature sensor, and a first valve that adjusts the exhaust gas flow rate to the exhaust pipe on the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate trap. Since it is configured to control two valves, when the exhaust gas temperature is equal to or lower than the temperature at which the exhaust gas purification action by the oxidation catalyst is low, the exhaust gas is not purified but is directly discharged to the atmosphere through the bypass pipe. Compared with the gas treatment device, in the present invention, the exhaust gas is deposited on the particulate filter even during light load operation of the engine with low temperature. Particulates can remove oxidation.
【００１７】また、排ガス温度が極めて高くなると、排
ガス中の硫黄分を酸化して硫酸塩を生成する従来の排ガ
ス処理装置と比較して、本発明では排ガス温度が極めて
高くなると、排ガスをバイパス管に導くことにより酸化
触媒での硫酸塩の生成を防止できる。更に、パティキュ
レートフィルタの目詰まり時にフィルタを再生するため
の電気ヒータやバーナを必要とし、かつパティキュレー
トの捕集量検出部の構造が複雑であり、製造コストを押
上げる従来のパティキュレート除去装置と比較して、本
発明では電気ヒータやバーナ等を用いない簡単な構造
で、パティキュレートフィルタに堆積したパティキュレ
ートを酸化除去できる。Further, in the present invention, when the exhaust gas temperature becomes extremely high, as compared with the conventional exhaust gas treating apparatus that oxidizes the sulfur content in the exhaust gas to produce sulfate, when the exhaust gas temperature becomes extremely high, the exhaust gas is bypassed. It is possible to prevent the formation of sulfate on the oxidation catalyst by introducing Further, the conventional particulate removing device requires an electric heater and a burner to regenerate the particulate filter when it is clogged, and the structure of the particulate collection amount detection unit is complicated, which increases the manufacturing cost. Compared with the above, the present invention can oxidize and remove the particulates deposited on the particulate filter with a simple structure without using an electric heater or a burner.
【図１】本発明一実施例の排ガス浄化装置の構成図。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】排ガス温度の変化に対するＮＯのＮＯ2への転
化率を示す図。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the conversion rate of NO into NO 2 with respect to changes in exhaust gas temperature.
【図３】その装置の動作を示すフローチャート。FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the apparatus.
１１ ディーゼルエンジン １３ 排気管 １４ 触媒コンバータ １６ 酸化触媒 １７ バイパス管 ２１ 第１バルブ ２２ 第２バルブ ２３ パティキュレート捕集器 ２４ パティキュレートフィルタ ２６ 温度センサ ２８ コントローラ 11 Diesel Engine 13 Exhaust Pipe 14 Catalytic Converter 16 Oxidation Catalyst 17 Bypass Pipe 21 First Valve 22 Second Valve 23 Particulate Collector 24 Particulate Filter 26 Temperature Sensor 28 Controller
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｆ０１Ｎ 3/24 ＺＡＢ Ｆ０１Ｎ 3/24 ＺＡＢＥ Ｆ０２Ｄ 9/04 Ｆ０２Ｄ 9/04 Ｅ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location F01N 3/24 ZAB F01N 3/24 ZABE F02D 9/04 F02D 9/04 E
Claims (1)
化触媒(16)が収容された触媒コンバータ(14)と、前記触
媒コンバータ(14)を迂回するように前記排気管(13)に接
続されたバイパス管(17)と、排ガスの前記触媒コンバー
タ(14)及び前記バイパス管(17)へのそれぞれの流量を調
整可能な第１バルブ(21)と、前記触媒コンバータ(14)よ
り排ガス上流側の排ガス温度を検出する温度センサ(26)
と、前記温度センサ(26)の検出出力に基づいて前記第１
バルブ(21)を制御するコントローラ(28)とを備えた排ガ
ス浄化装置において、 前記触媒コンバータ(14)及び前記バイパス管(17)より排
ガス下流側の前記排気管(13)に設けられパティキュレー
トフィルタ(24)が収容されたパティキュレート捕集器(2
3)と、 前記パティキュレート捕集器(23)より排ガス下流側の前
記排気管(13)に設けられ前記排気管(13)を流れる排ガス
流量を調整可能な第２バルブ(22)とを備え、 前記コントローラ(28)が前記温度センサ(26)の検出出力
に基づいて前記第１及び第２バルブ(21,22)を制御する
ように構成されたことを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。1. A catalytic converter (14) provided in an exhaust pipe (13) of an engine (11) and accommodating an oxidation catalyst (16), and the exhaust pipe (13) so as to bypass the catalytic converter (14). ), A first valve (21) capable of adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas to the catalytic converter (14) and the bypass pipe (17), and the catalytic converter (14) Temperature sensor to detect exhaust gas temperature upstream of exhaust gas (26)
And the first output based on the detection output of the temperature sensor (26).
In an exhaust gas purifying apparatus including a controller (28) for controlling a valve (21), a particulate filter provided in the exhaust pipe (13) on the exhaust gas downstream side of the catalytic converter (14) and the bypass pipe (17). Particulate collector (2)
3) and a second valve (22) provided in the exhaust pipe (13) on the exhaust gas downstream side of the particulate collector (23) and capable of adjusting the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust pipe (13). The exhaust gas purifying apparatus, wherein the controller (28) is configured to control the first and second valves (21, 22) based on a detection output of the temperature sensor (26).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12485195A JP3250645B2 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-05-24 | Exhaust gas purification equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12485195A JP3250645B2 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-05-24 | Exhaust gas purification equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08319820A true JPH08319820A (en) | 1996-12-03 |
| JP3250645B2 JP3250645B2 (en) | 2002-01-28 |
Family
ID=14895670
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12485195A Expired - Fee Related JP3250645B2 (en) | 1995-05-24 | 1995-05-24 | Exhaust gas purification equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3250645B2 (en) |
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| FR2832183A1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-16 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | ASSISTANCE SYSTEM FOR THE REGENERATION OF A CATALYZED PARTICLE FILTER ARRANGED IN A MOTOR VEHICLE DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST SYSTEM |
| US7370474B2 (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2008-05-13 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Exhaust gas purifying equipment for a diesel engine |
| US6807807B2 (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2004-10-26 | Mitsubishi Fuso Truck And Bus Corporation | Exhaust gas purifying apparatus and exhaust gas purifying method for an internal combustion engine |
| EP1495796A1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-01-12 | Hochschule Rapperswil, Institut für angewandte Umwelttechnik | Reduction of nitrogen dioxide emissions in a continuous regenerative filter for soot particles |
| FR2872217A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2005-12-30 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Propulsion system includes device for guiding mechanical power provided by engine, with valve closing exhaust pipe downstream of catalytic converter when engine is idling |
| WO2006056432A1 (en) * | 2004-11-27 | 2006-06-01 | Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Oxidation catalyst and particulate filter |
| JP2010043577A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-25 | Hino Motors Ltd | Exhaust emission control device |
| NL2002651C2 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2010-09-27 | Trs Transportkoeling B V | VEHICLE FITTED WITH A BURNING ENGINE. |
| JP2013535603A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2013-09-12 | マック トラックス インコーポレイテッド | Diesel engine, exhaust aftertreatment system, and exhaust gas treatment method for diesel engine |
| CN108131184A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-08 | 福特环球技术公司 | For the method and system of exhaust gas recirculatioon and recuperation of heat |
| CN108131184B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2022-03-18 | 福特环球技术公司 | Method and system for exhaust gas recirculation and heat recovery |
| CN109441597A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-03-08 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Post-process protection system and post-processing guard method |
| CN109826694A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-31 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | The control method of exhaust gas purification system and vehicle and exhaust gas purification system |
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