JPH08319732A - Three dimensional seismic isolator for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To not only damp the three dimensional vibration, but also damp the small/ medium vibrations in the vertical and horizontal direction in an effective manner by providing a three dimensional vibration damping part, an elastic body, and a vibration absorbing member, and providing a sleeve-shaped elastic member and a rigid member. CONSTITUTION: When impact energy of pitching and rolling is simultaneously transmitted to a lower fitting plate 14, a vibration damping part 20a and a vibration absorbing member 18 are deformed to damp the vibrations in the vertical and horizontal direction. When a large horizontal displacement is applied in the rolling, the shear deformation is generated in a three dimensional seismic isolator 16. The damping part 20a is deformed in the horizontal direction while it is compressed. The vibration absorbing member 18 is also deformed, but the deformation exceeding the deformation due to the synergistic effect of the elastic member 22 and the rigid body 24 is not advanced. The small/medium vibration are damped by absorption elements 26, 28 and the elastic member 22. The radial length W of the damping part 20a is larger than the thickness (t), and the radial length S of the space of a direct connection part 20b is smaller than W. Safety is improved, and the manufacturing cost is suppressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device for protecting various structures from earthquakes, and more particularly to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 19407/1992, in order to prevent early deterioration due to vibration of an energy absorbing portion made of a lead column sealed in a hollow portion of a laminated rubber in which rubber and a reinforcing material are alternately laminated, A structure has been proposed in which a restraining member is arranged from a metallic spiral spring between a lead column and a laminated rubber. This type of seismic isolation device is effective against the rolling of a large earthquake. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-221142 discloses a seismic isolation device of a system in which a viscoelastic body is arranged on a part of the outer circumference of a lead column to exert a damping effect on vibration of a wide range of earthquakes. January 17, 1995 recorded at Kobe Ocean Observatory
According to the seismic wave of the Great Hanshin Earthquake in the daytime, vertical vibration (vertical motion) and horizontal motion (horizontal motion) occur simultaneously at the time of a large earthquake, and the shocking destructive energy is maximum at the moment of 1-2 seconds from the start of shaking. It turned out that the damage increased.

[0003]

Although the conventional seismic isolation device is effective in damping horizontal vibrations, it cannot sufficiently absorb shocking pitching. Furthermore, since the outer periphery of the energy absorbing portion or the outer periphery of the metallic restraint member is directly connected to the hole of the rubber laminate, the horizontal micro-tremor or medium-scale vibration transmitted to the lower mounting plate is not affected by the rubber. There is a drawback that the vibration is transmitted to the upper mounting plate through the reinforcing plate and the energy absorbing portion of the laminated body, and a seismic isolation effect cannot be obtained so much against these vibrations.

The object of the present invention is not only to effectively dampen three-dimensional vibrations when vertical and horizontal vibrations occur simultaneously, but also to effectively dampen vertical or horizontal microtremors or medium-scale vibrations. It is to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation device that can be operated.

[0005]

In the three-dimensional seismic isolation device, a plurality of three-dimensional vibration attenuating portions formed in the circumferential direction and adjacent to the three-dimensional vibration attenuating means are provided when three-dimensional vibration occurs. An elastic body composed of a plurality of thin-walled connecting portions forming a space for allowing lateral variation of the three-dimensional vibration damping portion, and a reinforcing plate alternately laminated to the elastic body, and having a hole in the center thereof A three-dimensional seismic isolation material and a vibration absorbing member arranged in a hole of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material, wherein the vibration absorbing member has a plurality of concave-shaped deviation portions extending in the axial direction and holes of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material. This is achieved by providing a sleeve-shaped elastic member having a plurality of convex deviation portions that are associated with the portion, and a rigid body arranged in the central portion of the sleeve-shaped elastic member.

Further, the above object is to provide a plurality of three-dimensional vibration damping parts formed in a circumferential direction in a three-dimensional seismic isolation device,
An elastic body composed of a plurality of thin-walled direct-connecting portions that are adjacent to the three-dimensional vibration damping portion and create a space for allowing lateral displacement of the three-dimensional vibration damping portion during three-dimensional vibration, and alternate with respect to the elastic body A three-dimensional seismic isolation material having a hole in the center and a vibration absorbing member arranged in the hole of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material, the vibration absorbing member being arranged in the axial direction. A sleeve-shaped elastic member having a plurality of concave-shaped eccentric portions extending and a plurality of convex-shaped eccentric portions that engage with the holes of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material, and a rigid body arranged in the central portion of the sleeve-shaped elastic member. Equipped with 3
This is achieved by the fact that the radial length w of the dimensional vibration damping portion is larger than its thickness t, and the radial length s of the thin wall direct-connection portion is smaller than w.

[0007]

When a vertical vibration and a horizontal vibration simultaneously occur in a large-scale earthquake, the shock energy is efficiently damped by the three-dimensional vibration damping section and the vibration absorbing member of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device. In addition, when a slight vibration or a medium-scale horizontal vibration is applied to the seismic isolation device, the horizontal vibration of the seismic isolation material is absorbed by the horizontal absorption member, and an excellent seismic isolation effect is exhibited.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device 10 is disposed between the upper mounting plate 12 and the lower mounting plate 14, and includes a three-dimensional seismic isolation material 16 and a vibration absorbing member 18 that acts as a damper. The three-dimensional seismic isolation material 16 has a structure in which a plurality of elastic bodies 20 such as rubber and a plurality of reinforcing plates 21 are alternately laminated, and has a special structure that damps vertical and horizontal vibrations. That is, each of the elastic bodies 20 has a plurality of three-dimensional vibration damping portions 20a formed in the circumferential direction and a thin-walled direct coupling portion 20b formed adjacent thereto. Three-dimensional vibration damping unit 2
0a is continuously or intermittently formed on the outer peripheral portion, the central portion and the inner peripheral portion of the elastic body 20. The thin-walled direct connection part 20b is connected to the vibration damping part 20a, and these vibration damping parts 20a
Has a space 20c for permitting three-dimensional vibration, that is, deformation in three-dimensional directions when vertical and horizontal impact forces are simultaneously applied. A fireproof coating layer 20d is formed on the outer periphery of the elastic body 20. The three-dimensional seismic isolation material 16 has a hole 16a at the center, and a vibration absorbing member 18 is arranged therein.

The vibration absorbing member 18 and the sleeve-shaped rubber elastic material 22 and the three-dimensional vibration are effective for effectively exhibiting the function of the elastic body 20 in a large earthquake and effectively preventing the elastic body 20 from being broken by the blocking force. It is preferable that the radial length w of the attenuating portion is larger than its thickness t, and that the radial length s of the space of the thin direct coupling portion 20b is smaller than w. The rigid body 24 made of a metal pipe or a lead column is disposed in the center of the rigid body 24. The functions of the rigid body 24 and the energy absorbing elements 26, 28 are to support the weight of the structure with a safe and rigid vertical rigid body. Rubber rigid member 2
Reference numeral 2 has a plurality of convex deviation portions 22a that engage with the holes 16a of the seismic isolation material 16 and a plurality of concave deviation portions 22b formed inside the convex deviation portions 22a in the radial direction. Elastic member 22
Upper and lower surfaces are beveled surfaces 22 to provide axial compression.
c, and they are in contact with the upper mounting plate 12 and the lower mounting plate 14, respectively. The rubber hardness of the elastic member 22 and the elastic body 20 is about 40 to 70, and the former is selected to have a higher rubber hardness than the latter. That is, when the rubber hardness of the elastic body 20 is 50, the elastic member 22 is 55-55.
It is desirable to have a rubber hardness of 65. The rigid body 24 is press-fitted into the central portion of the elastic member 22, and the energy absorbing elements 26 and 28 made of an elastic body having a rubber height higher than that of the elastic member 22 or a lead body are arranged at both ends. As a result, the vibration absorbing member 18 exerts an effect of damping vertical vibration.

The elastic body 20 and the elastic member 22 are made of, for example, rubber material such as isoprene rubber, ethylpropylene rubber, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, natural rubber, silicone rubber, polyurethane, or the rubber material filled with graphite, carbon black, asphalt, or the like. A compounded agent or a sponge-like material such as urethane foam is used. In particular, in order to reduce the amount of creep with respect to the vertical load of the seismic isolation material and have stable creep characteristics,
It is advisable to add carbon black to natural rubber or isoprene rubber at a ratio of 20 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of rubber without adding a softening agent. Further, at least the outer circumference or the entire surface of the elastic material 20 is coated with the fireproof material coating layer 20.
When d is formed, it is possible to prevent early deterioration of the rubber body.

In the above structure, when the vertical and horizontal shock energies of the earthquake are simultaneously transmitted to the lower mounting plate 14 of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device 10, a plurality of three-dimensional vibration damping of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material 16 is performed. The portion 20a and the vibration absorbing portion 18 are deformed according to the impact energy to damp the vertical movement / horizontal movement vibration. Next, when a large horizontal displacement acts on the seismic isolation device 10 due to rolling, shear deformation occurs in the three-dimensional seismic isolation material 16. At this time, the vibration damping portion 20a of the seismic isolation member 16 is deformed in the horizontal direction while being compressed. The vibration absorbing member 18 also deforms in the hole 16 a of the seismic isolation member 16 due to this horizontal displacement. As the horizontal displacement increases, the convex deviation portion 22a of the elastic member 22 is deformed / compressed between the rigid body 24 and the seismic isolation member 16, and the restoring force becomes maximum. In this way, due to the synergistic effect of the elastic member 22 and the rigid body 24, when the seismic isolation material 16 undergoes shear deformation and horizontal displacement occurs, the seismic isolation material 16 does not progress beyond a certain amount of deformation. When there is a slight vibration or a medium-scale earthquake, the damping effect is exerted on the vertical vibrations by the energy absorbing elements 26 and 28 and the elastic members 22 arranged at both ends of the rigid body 24. With respect to the horizontal vibration transmitted to the seismic isolation member 16, the horizontal movement of the seismic isolation member 16 is damped by the elastic deformation of the convex deviation portion 22a of the vibration absorbing member 18.

FIG. 3 shows a three-dimensional seismic isolation device 10 'according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the same parts as those in FIGS. In FIG. 3, the vibration absorbing member 18 '
Is provided with a rubber elastic member 22 and a rigid body 30 made of a bolt, and the bolt 30 is fixed by nuts 32 and 34 via washers 31 and 33, respectively. The upper mounting plate 12 and the lower mounting plate 14 each have a bolt 30 at the center.
Large bore 12 to give clearance to
a, 14a. Others are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.

[0013]

According to the present invention, an elastic body having a three-dimensional vibration damping portion is used as a base isolation material, and a combination structure of an elastic member having a special structure and a rigid body is used as a damper. It effectively disperses and absorbs vertical / horizontal vibrations up to a large-scale earthquake to attenuate the propagation of vibrations. Further, when a large deformation occurs during a large earthquake, the rigid body of the vibration absorbing member does not come into direct contact with the holes of the seismic isolation material, and therefore, shear failure does not occur even when a large horizontal displacement occurs, which is highly safe. Furthermore, since the structure of the seismic isolation device is simple, the manufacturing cost can be kept low and the workability is significantly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the seismic isolation device in the II-II diagram of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second preferred embodiment of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Upper mounting plate 14 Lower mounting plate 16 Three-dimensional seismic isolation material 18 Vibration absorbing member 20 Elastic body 21 Reinforcing plate 22 Elastic member 24 Rigid body

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An elastic body composed of a plurality of thin-walled connecting portions forming a space for allowing a plurality of circumferentially formed three-dimensional vibration damping portions, and a reinforcement laminated alternately on the elastic body. A three-dimensional seismic isolation member having a hole in the center and a vibration absorbing member arranged in the hole of the three-dimensional seismic isolation member, and the vibration absorbing member has a plurality of concave shapes extending in the axial direction. A three-dimensional structure composed of a sleeve-shaped elastic member having a plurality of convex-shaped deflection portions that interlock with the deflection portion and the holes of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material, and a rigid body arranged in the central portion of the sleeve-shaped elastic member. Seismic isolation device. 2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body has a fireproof coating layer. 3. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration absorbing element is arranged at least at one end of the rigid body. 4. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the rigid body is a bolt. 5. A plurality of three-dimensional vibration damping portions formed in the circumferential direction and adjacent to the three-dimensional vibration damping portion for allowing lateral displacement of the three-dimensional vibration damping portion during three-dimensional vibration. A three-dimensional seismic isolation material having an elastic body composed of a plurality of connecting portions forming a space and a reinforcing plate alternately laminated to the elastic body and having a hole in the center, and a three-dimensional seismic isolation material A vibration absorbing member disposed in the rear part of the three-dimensional seismic isolation member, and the vibration absorbing member includes a plurality of concave eccentric portions that extend in the axial direction and a plurality of convex eccentric portions that mesh with the holes of the three-dimensional seismic isolation material. The sleeve-shaped elastic member and the rigid body arranged in the center of the sleeve-shaped elastic member are provided, and the radial length w of the three-dimensional vibration damping portion is its thickness t.
The three-dimensional seismic isolation device is characterized in that the radial length s of the space of the directly connected thin portion is smaller than w.