JP2522527B2 - Vibration isolation device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vibration isolation device for protecting a building structure from a large vibration such as a large earthquake.

<< Prior Art >> Conventionally, as this type of vibration isolator, for example, JP-A-60-2235
Those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 76 etc. are known.

That is, a damper made of an elastic body formed by laminating a rubber plate and a steel plate between a building structure and its foundation, and a steel rod having one end fixed to the foundation and the other end loosely fitted in the building structure. Is provided, and a cushioning material such as rubber is further provided in the loosely fitting portion.

According to this vibration isolator, the vertical load of the building structure is supported by the foundation via the elastic body, and the small and horizontal vibrations in the horizontal direction at the time of a small or medium earthquake or normal time are absorbed by the elastic body and the cushioning material. It is designed to be attenuated. Further, when the horizontal displacement exceeds a predetermined value due to a large earthquake, the steel rod of the damper engages with the foundation and the building structure, and the elastic energy and plastic deformation of the steel rod generate vibration energy. By absorbing a large amount, skidding of a building structure can be suppressed as much as possible and the entire structure can be protected.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, when the occurrence of a large relative displacement in the horizontal direction due to an excessive earthquake or the like is taken into consideration, in the above-mentioned conventional device, the deformation of the elastic body in the lateral direction becomes extremely large, As a result, it is conceivable that the supporting force for the vertical load by the elastic body will decrease.

Since the bearing capacity of vertical load is extremely important from the viewpoint of ensuring the integrity of building structures, it has been considered to limit the relative displacement of building structures in the horizontal direction within a certain range. It has been carried out such as by providing a stopper or a skid-type bearing.

However, when a stopper having a rigid body structure is provided, an impact may be generated by the stopper at the time of large deformation, and excessive stress may be generated in the building structure. Further, when the skid type support is provided, there is a problem that after the earthquake or the like, the support remains deformed and a great amount of labor is required for the subsequent restoration work.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a first object thereof is not to support vertical load by an elastic body when a large horizontal relative displacement occurs in a building structure due to an excessive earthquake or the like. It is intended to improve the vibration isolation performance of the building structure by simultaneously suppressing the horizontal displacement as well as assisting the construction. In addition to the above-mentioned first purpose, the second purpose is to further surely prevent an excessive relative displacement in the horizontal direction of the building structure. Further, a third object is to more reliably absorb energy in addition to the above-mentioned prevention of relative displacement in the horizontal direction.

<< Means for Solving the Problem >> The invention of claim 1 achieves the above-mentioned first object, and is provided between these in order to support the building structure on the foundation in a vibration-isolated manner. An elastic body that is elastically deformed in the horizontal direction while supporting a vertical load and allows relative horizontal movement between these building structures and the foundation, and when a certain or more relative horizontal movement occurs within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body, A damper for attenuating horizontal movement energy to suppress the relative horizontal movement between these building structures and the foundation, and fixed on the foundation above the building structure with a clearance in the height direction. , When the relative horizontal movement is suppressed by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body, the elastic body descends while moving horizontally in response to contraction in the height direction due to horizontal elastic deformation. Seat the building structure A rigid body which supports the vertical load together with the elastic body, and which is provided on the seating surface and is in sliding contact with the building structure by a frictional resistance force which sequentially increases in accordance with an increase in the supporting load of the vertical load. And a support having a friction plate for damping horizontal movement energy.

Further, the invention of claim 2 achieves the second object, and is provided between the foundations in order to support the building structure in a vibration-isolated manner, and in the horizontal direction while supporting the vertical load of the building structure. An elastic body that is elastically deformed to allow relative horizontal movement between the building structure and the foundation, and a relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. A damper for attenuating horizontal movement energy to suppress horizontal movement, and fixed on the foundation with a clearance in the height direction between the building structure and the damper, when the relative horizontal movement is suppressed by the damper. And, within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body, the elastic structure is horizontally moved in response to contraction in the height direction due to horizontal elastic deformation, and the building structure that descends while sitting horizontally is seated and Vertical load with the elastic body A friction plate which is a rigid body to be held and which attenuates horizontal movement energy by frictional resistance force which is provided on the seating surface and gradually increases in accordance with an increase in the supporting load of the vertical load while slidingly contacting the building structure. And a stopper for restricting the relative horizontal movement of the building structure and the foundation when relative horizontal movement above a certain level occurs on the support within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. It is characterized by

Furthermore, the invention of claim 3 achieves the third object, wherein the stopper is made of a honeycomb-shaped member capable of buckling in the horizontal direction, and serves as an auxiliary damper that absorbs horizontal movement energy by the buckling. It is characterized by having a function.

<Operation> According to a study by the inventor, when the elastic body supporting the building structure is laterally deformed by the relative displacement of the building structure and the foundation in the horizontal direction, elasticity caused by this is caused. The vertical dimension of the body is reduced, resulting in a lower height of the underside of the building structure.

Based on such knowledge, if the lower surface of the building structure is lowered to a predetermined height due to the lateral deformation of the elastic body during horizontal vibration, if the lower surface is supported, the lateral deformation will occur. For elastic bodies with reduced vertical load support capability,
It is considered that the vertical load can be supported without impact and the load can be used to suppress the horizontal displacement at the same time.

That is, according to the invention of claim 1, it is fixed on the foundation with a clearance in the height direction between the foundation and the building structure, and when the relative horizontal movement is suppressed by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. A rigid body that supports the vertical load of the elastic body with the elastic body by seating a building structure that descends while moving horizontally in response to the elastic body contracting in the height direction due to horizontal elastic deformation, A supporting body having a friction plate, which is provided on the seating surface and attenuates the horizontal movement energy by frictional resistance force that gradually increases as the supporting load of the vertical load increases while slidingly contacting the building structure, Therefore, when a large relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs in a building structure due to an excessive earthquake, etc., a rigid support fixed on the foundation with a clearance in the height direction between the building structure and ,damper When the relative horizontal movement is suppressed by and the elastic body is within the allowable deformation range, the building structure is lowered while moving horizontally in response to the elastic body contracting in the height direction due to the horizontal elastic deformation. It becomes seated and supports its vertical load together with the elastic body, and at this time,
The friction plate provided on the seating surface attenuates the horizontal movement energy by the frictional resistance force that gradually increases in accordance with the increase in the supporting load of the vertical load on the support while slidingly contacting the building structure. The support of vertical load by elastic body can be assisted without impact by the support equipped with friction plate that slides against the building structure, and the more elastically the elastic body deforms horizontally, the more it sinks. The horizontal movement energy is attenuated by the frictional resistance of the friction plate that increases as the supporting load of the vertical load on the support side gradually increases, and horizontal displacement can be suppressed at the same time. It is possible to secure fail-safe while improving.

According to the invention of claim 2, the foundation is fixed to the building structure with a clearance in the height direction, and is elastic when relative horizontal movement is suppressed by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. A rigid body that supports a vertical load with an elastic body by seating a building structure that descends while moving horizontally in response to the body contracting in the height direction due to horizontal elastic deformation. A support having a friction plate, which is provided on the surface and attenuates horizontal movement energy by frictional resistance that gradually increases according to the increase in the supporting load of the vertical load while slidingly contacting the building structure, and the allowance of the elastic body. Supporting the vertical load of the building by the support by providing a stopper that regulates the relative horizontal movement of these building structures and foundation when a relative horizontal movement above a certain level occurs on the support within the deformation range. And In conjunction with the attenuation of the horizontal moving energy, it is possible to reliably inhibit the excessive relative deformation in the horizontal direction of the building structure to exceed the allowable deformation range of the elastic body.

According to the invention of claim 3, a building structure is provided by providing a stopper which is composed of a honeycomb-shaped member capable of buckling in the horizontal direction and has a function as an auxiliary damper that absorbs horizontal movement energy by the buckling. In addition to preventing horizontal relative displacement of the above, horizontal movement energy can be suppressed while sequentially absorbing horizontal movement energy, and excessive relative horizontal movement of building structures can be restricted without further impact. .

<< Embodiment >> An embodiment of the vibration isolator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

 1 to 6 show the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the vibration isolator 2 is interposed between the building structure 4 and the foundation 6,
The building structure 4 is arranged under a pillar or the like.

The vibration isolation devices 2 are provided on the foundation 6 to support the building structure 4 for vibration isolation, and are elastically deformed in the horizontal direction while supporting the vertical load of the building structure 4 to support the building structure 4.
The elastic body 8 that allows relative horizontal movement between the base 6 and the base 6, and the relative horizontal movement between the building structure 4 and the foundation 6 when the relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more occurs within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body 8 is suppressed. In order to minimize the horizontal movement energy, the damper 10 is fixedly installed on the foundation 6 with a clearance in the height direction between the building 10 and the building structure 4, so that the damper 10 suppresses relative horizontal movement and is elastic. Within the allowable deformation range of the body 8,
The building structure 4 that moves horizontally while moving downward in response to the elastic body 8 contracting in the height direction due to horizontal elastic deformation.
Is a rigid body for supporting the vertical load together with the elastic body 8 while being seated on the seating surface and slidingly contacting the building structure 4 and gradually increasing as the supporting load of the vertical load increases. When a support body 12 having a friction plate 32 that attenuates horizontal movement energy by a frictional resistance force and a relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more on the support body 12 within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body 8, these building structures 4 are generated. And a stopper 14 for restricting relative horizontal movement of the base 6 and the base 6.

The elastic body 8 is obtained by alternately laminating flat rubber plates 16 and steel plates 18 having substantially the same shape, and attaching end plates 20 to the upper and lower ends thereof. It is placed via 6a and has a load bearing capacity to support and support the vertical load of the building structure 4, and it is displaced with respect to horizontal load and mainly in the horizontal direction such as during an earthquake. It has the function of absorbing vibration.

On the other hand, the damper 10 has a vertically arranged steel rod 22 with a circular cross section.
And a pair of mounting plates 24 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the steel rod 22, the upper end of the steel rod 22 is loosely fitted to the building structure 4 via the mounting plate 24, and the lower end of the steel rod 22 is mounted. It is fixed to the base 6a via the plate 24. Then, when the relative horizontal displacement between the building structure 4 and the foundation 6 becomes equal to or larger than the clearance of the loose fitting portion at the upper end of the steel rod 22, the steel rod 22 engages with the building structure 4 and the foundation 6, and the horizontal direction thereof. The vibration energy of the steel rod 22 is largely absorbed by the plastic deformation of the steel rod 22.

On the other hand, the support 12 is composed of a vertical cylindrical base 26 fixed on the base 6a, and a support base 28 attached on the base 26. The support base 28 is screwed to the base 26 via a screw portion 30 so that the height thereof can be adjusted, and in a normal state, is not in contact with the lower surface of the building structure 4. Alternatively, the base 26 and the support 28 may be integrally molded (rigid body). That is, a certain gap is provided between the upper end surface of the support 12 and the lower surface of the building structure 4. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
A friction plate 32, which is a sliding plate such as Teflon or an iron plate, is exposed and fixed to the upper end surface of the support base 28 by screws 32a or the like.

Then, relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the building structure 4 and the foundation 6 due to an earthquake or the like, the elastic body 8 supporting the building structure 4 is laterally deformed by a certain amount or more, and the elastic body 8 moves in the vertical direction. When the dimension of the building structure 4 is reduced and the lower surface of the building structure 4 is lowered to a predetermined height, the lower surface of the building structure 4 is brought into contact with and supported by the surface of the friction plate 32. The contact between the lower end surface of the building structure 4 and the surface of the friction plate 32 is set so that the vertical load supporting force of the elastic body 8 is within the allowable range.

FIG. 5 shows the correlation of the load bearing between the elastic body 8 and the support body 12, and FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the horizontal deformation amount of the elastic body 8 and the reduction amount of the vertical dimension thereof.

As shown in FIG. 5, the load bearing between the elastic body 8 and the support body 12 is gradually exchanged, and as shown in FIG. The vertical dimension of the is gradually reduced. That is, the building structure 4 is gradually supported in contact with the support 12, thereby softening and supporting. Therefore, the vertical load support by the elastic body 8 is assisted without any impact, and the horizontal displacement is gradually increased in accordance with the increase in the vertical load supporting load while slidingly contacting the building structure 4. At the same time, it is suppressed by the friction plate 32 that attenuates the horizontal movement energy by the resistance force.

The stopper 14 is composed of a plurality of tongue pieces projecting from the lower end surface of the building structure 4. This stopper
The reference numeral 14 is arranged around the support 12 so as to come into contact with the support 12 when a relative displacement of a certain amount or more occurs. The contact of the stopper 14 with the support 12 is also set so that the vertical load supporting force of the elastic body 8 is within the allowable range, as in the case of the soft attachment support.

According to the above-described first embodiment, when a large horizontal relative displacement occurs in the building structure 4 due to an excessive earthquake, etc.,
The support body 12 made of a rigid body fixed on the foundation 6 with a clearance in the height direction between the building structure 4 and the damper 10 is provided.
When the relative horizontal movement of the elastic body 8 is suppressed and the elastic body 8 contracts in the height direction due to the horizontal elastic deformation, the building structure 4 moves down while moving horizontally. To support the vertical load together with the elastic body 8, and at this time, the friction plate 32 provided on the seating surface slides on the building structure 4 and supports the vertical load on the support 12. Since the horizontal movement energy is attenuated by the frictional resistance force which is gradually increased as the load increases, the vertical load support by the elastic body 8 is supported by the support body 12 provided with the friction plate 32 slidingly contacting the building structure 4. Can assist without shock, and
The more the elastic body 8 is elastically deformed in the horizontal direction, the more it sinks and the supporting load of the vertical load on the side of the support 12 gradually increases. The horizontal movement energy can be attenuated to suppress the horizontal displacement at the same time, and the fail-safe can be secured while improving the vibration isolation performance.

Further, the stopper 14 can surely suppress excessive relative deformation in the horizontal direction of the building structure, which tends to exceed the allowable deformation range of the elastic body 8.

7 to 12 show a second embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the stopper 14 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of a honeycomb member 34 capable of buckling in the horizontal direction in FIG. 7, and functions as an auxiliary damper that absorbs vibration energy in the horizontal direction due to the buckling. It is supposed to have. Since the structures of the elastic body 8, the damper 10 and the support body 12 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the first portion is shown in the corresponding portion of the drawing.
The same symbols as those in FIGS. 4 to 4 are given and the description thereof is omitted.

The stopper 14 is arranged on the side of the foundation 6 and comes into contact with the stepped portion 36 formed in the building structure 4. That is, the support frame 40 is attached to the foundation 6 via the anchor bolts 38.
Is fixed, and the honeycomb-shaped member 34 is projectingly provided on the support frame 40 so as to face the step portion 36. The honeycomb-shaped member 34 includes a plurality of honeycomb-shaped elements having different buckling strengths.
As shown in FIG. 8, each of the honeycomb-shaped elements 34a, 34b, 34c is a collection of 34a, 34b, 34c, and each has a surface plate 46 attached to both sides of a thin honeycomb metal 42 with an adhesive 44. Are stacked one above the other. As shown in FIG. 9, the honeycomb-shaped elements 34a, 34b, 34c are arranged in a layered manner in the horizontal direction via a vertical partition plate 48.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which a horizontal compressive load P is applied to the honeycomb-shaped member 34, and FIG. 11 shows a contracted state due to buckling of the honeycomb-shaped member 34 with respect to the load P. As shown in the drawing, the honeycomb-shaped elements 34a, 34b, 34c are sequentially contracted from the tip side (right side in the drawing) like Ta1, Tb1, Tc1.

FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the horizontal force acting on the vibration isolator in the second embodiment and the amount of deformation of each part due to the horizontal force. When a horizontal force acts, the elastic body 8 begins to deform, and then the action of the damper 10 starts (δ1). After that, the action of the support 12 starts (δ2), and it is possible to cope with a normal earthquake or the like. When further horizontal force is applied, before and after the breakage deformation (δ5) of the damper 10, the stopper
The buckling action of 14 starts (δ3), and after the buckling reaches the maximum (δ4), the limit deformation (δ6) of the elastic body 8 is reached.

According to the second embodiment, the stopper 14 is formed of the honeycomb member 34 that can be buckled in the horizontal direction, and has a function as an auxiliary damper that absorbs vibration energy in the horizontal direction. In addition to the horizontal relative displacement prevention of No. 4, energy absorption can be performed more reliably.

Further, the honeycomb-shaped member 34 is configured such that a plurality of honeycomb-shaped elements 34a, 34b, 34c having different buckling strengths are continuously arranged in a layered manner in the horizontal direction, whereby energy absorption in the horizontal direction can be performed stepwise. .

<< Effects of the Invention >> As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, when a large relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs in a building structure due to an excessive earthquake or the like, a clearance in the height direction between the building structure and the building structure is generated. The support made of a rigid body fixed on the foundation with a space between the elastic body and the elastic body should contract in the height direction due to the horizontal elastic deformation while the relative horizontal movement is suppressed by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. The building structure that moves horizontally while descending is seated to support its vertical load together with the elastic body, and at this time, the friction plate provided on the seating surface is the building structure. The horizontal moving energy is attenuated by the frictional resistance force which gradually increases according to the increase of the supporting load of the vertical load on the supporting body while sliding on the supporting body. Touch The support with a friction plate can support without impact, and as the elastic body elastically deforms in the horizontal direction, it will sink and the supporting load of vertical load on the support side will gradually increase. With the frictional resistance of the friction plate, which increases with each passing, the horizontal movement energy is attenuated and horizontal displacement can be suppressed at the same time, so that a fail-sale can be secured while improving the vibration isolation performance. it can.

According to the invention of claim 2, when a relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more on the support body occurs within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body,
By providing a stopper that regulates the relative horizontal movement between the building structure and the foundation, it is possible to reliably suppress excessive relative horizontal deformation of the building structure that exceeds the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. it can.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3, the stopper is made of a honeycomb member which can be buckled in the horizontal direction and has a function as an auxiliary damper that absorbs horizontal movement energy by the buckling. The horizontal movement can be suppressed while sequentially absorbing the movement energy, and the excessive relative horizontal movement of the building structure can be restricted without further impact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of a vibration isolator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a support body in the same embodiment. FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, FIGS. 5 and 6 are operational characteristic diagrams, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the vibration isolator according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a stopper structure according to the same embodiment, FIG.
The figure is also a side view, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the action, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are characteristic diagrams showing the action. 4 …… Building structure 6 …… Foundation 8 …… Elastic body 10 …… Damper 12 …… Support body 14 …… Stopper 32 …… Friction plate 34 …… Honeycomb member

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuru Ohira 1-9-13 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Development Corp. (72) Inventor Shigeo Higaki 1-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 13 Power Reactor / Nuclear Fuel Development Headquarters (72) Inventor Toshikazu Takeda 4-640 Shimo-Seido, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo Inside Obayashi Institute of Technology Co., Ltd. (72) Tomohiko Tsunoda 4-640, Shimo-seido, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo (72) Inventor, Akira Teramura 4-640 Shimoseido, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo Incorporated, Obayashi Technical Research Institute, Ltd. (72) Inventor, Tetsuo Suzuki 4-640, Shimo-seido, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo Inside Technical Research Institute (56) References Published by Shoko 63-32278 (JP, Y2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A relative structure between a building structure and a foundation, which is provided between them to support the building structure in a vibration-isolated manner and which is elastically deformed in a horizontal direction while supporting a vertical load of the building structure. An elastic body that allows horizontal movement and to attenuate horizontal movement energy to suppress relative horizontal movement between the building structure and the foundation when a relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more occurs within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. Of the damper, fixed on the foundation with a clearance in the height direction between the building structure and at the time of suppressing relative horizontal movement by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body, A rigid body for supporting the vertical load together with the elastic body by seating the building structure that descends while horizontally moving in response to the elastic body contracting in the height direction due to the elastic deformation in the horizontal direction. , The seating surface is prepared And a supporting body having a friction plate for attenuating the horizontal movement energy by frictional resistance that gradually increases as the supporting load of the vertical load increases while slidingly contacting the building structure. Vibration isolation device. 2. A relative structure between the building structure and the foundation, which is provided between them to support the building structure in a vibration-isolated manner and is elastically deformed in the horizontal direction while supporting the vertical load of the building structure. An elastic body that allows horizontal movement and to attenuate horizontal movement energy to suppress relative horizontal movement between the building structure and the foundation when a relative horizontal movement of a certain amount or more occurs within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body. Of the damper, fixed on the foundation with a clearance in the height direction between the building structure and at the time of suppressing relative horizontal movement by the damper and within the allowable deformation range of the elastic body, A rigid body for supporting the vertical load together with the elastic body by seating the building structure that descends while horizontally moving in response to the elastic body contracting in the height direction due to the elastic deformation in the horizontal direction. , The seating surface is prepared A supporting body having a friction plate for attenuating the horizontal movement energy by a frictional resistance force that gradually increases as the supporting load of the vertical load increases while slidingly contacting the building structure; and the allowable deformation of the elastic body. A vibration isolation device comprising: a stopper for restricting relative horizontal movement between the building structure and the foundation when a relative horizontal movement above a certain level occurs on the support within the range. 3. The stopper according to claim 2, wherein the stopper is composed of a honeycomb-shaped member capable of buckling in a horizontal direction, and has a function as an auxiliary damper that absorbs horizontal movement energy by the buckling. Vibration isolation device.