JPH0830568B2 - Dry distillation incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry distillation type incinerator for efficiently and safely incinerating medical waste among wastes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there have been various wastes such as waste plastics. Of these wastes, waste plastics in particular generate a large amount of exhaust gas at the time of incineration. Since various devices must be installed in the main body, it becomes very expensive, and the amount of air required for combustion is 3 to 4 times the theoretical amount of air, and while supplying this air, in a high temperature atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a long residence time at the same time, which increases the running cost because the burner and the like are always operated, and requires a long flue distance to obtain the residence time, resulting in a large incinerator. Had.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, an incineration object is liquefied by external heat dry distillation in a primary combustion chamber, and air is brought into contact with such a dry distilled liquid material to promote gasification, and Is burned in a good mixed state, and the carbonization gas is thermally decomposed so as to be completely pollution-free, and the high temperature atmosphere of the primary and secondary combustion chambers is stabilized by the radiant heat of both partition walls, and the secondary combustion burner. Even if the fire is extinguished, it can be stably incinerated in the furnace body to reduce running costs, and since it is incinerated after it has reached a high temperature of 700 ° C or higher, it is especially useful for medical waste. It is intended to provide a dry distillation type incinerator that can safely and efficiently treat infectious medical waste.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a three-layer structure in which a partition wall made of a material such as ceramic or metal is used in the furnace body in view of the problems such as the increase in size of the incinerator and the lannig cost based on the above-mentioned prior art. The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks by providing a dry distillation type incinerator whose main feature is to dry-distill and liquefy the material to be incinerated by the radiant heat of the partition wall and to mix the dry-distilled liquid and air for complete combustion. It was done.

As a dry distillation type incinerator, a horizontally-arranged cylindrical capsule-shaped furnace body having a chimney on the upper wall is provided with a first partition wall and a second partition wall made of a material such as ceramic or metal. A secondary combustion chamber equipped with a secondary combustion burner, a primary combustion chamber, and a dry distillation chamber are sequentially defined from above, and the dry distillation chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are communicated with each other, and the dry distillation liquid of the incineration object accommodated in the primary combustion chamber is formed. An opening for introducing the body into the dry distillation chamber is formed in the second partition wall that defines the dry distillation chamber, and an external air introduction pipe for introducing air into the dry distillation chamber is provided,
The ejection holes of the external air introducing pipe are directed toward the inner peripheral wall of the furnace body below the dry distillation chamber.

[0006]

In the present invention, the secondary combustion burner is ignited to create a high temperature atmosphere state of 700 ° C. or higher in the secondary combustion chamber, and the primary combustion chamber is heated to a high temperature by radiant heat through the first partition wall. When the material to be incinerated is stored in the primary combustion chamber, the material to be incinerated is subjected to external heat dry distillation to be liquefied, and the dry distilled liquid material is stored in the dry distillation chamber 4 through the opening.

Next, when air is ejected from the ejection hole of the external air introducing pipe, the surface of the dry distillation liquid material accumulated below the dry distillation chamber is waved, the surface area is increased and gasification is promoted. By combusting the mixed state of No. 1 in good condition, the complete combustion is performed and the carbonized gas is thermally decomposed.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which 1 is a dry distillation incinerator according to the present invention, and the dry distillation incinerator 1 is a cylinder made of an appropriate material having heat resistance and fire resistance. The furnace body 2 formed in a capsule shape is placed horizontally, an intermediate portion inside the furnace body 2 is formed as a primary combustion chamber 3, a lower portion of the primary combustion chamber 3 is formed as a carbonization chamber 4, and a primary distillation chamber 4 is formed. The upper part of the combustion chamber 3 constitutes a secondary combustion chamber 5.

Reference numeral 6 is a first partition wall that defines the primary combustion chamber 3 and the secondary combustion chamber 5. The first partition wall 6 is made of a material such as ceramic or metal having a high thermal conductivity, and is a furnace. Body 2
A horizontal partition plate 7 is provided horizontally from one inner peripheral wall to the other inner peripheral wall, and grid-shaped, slit-shaped communication holes 8, 8a are formed on the other end of the horizontal partition plate 7, and A vertical partition plate 9 is provided below the horizontal partition plate 7 to the inner peripheral wall of the furnace body 2.

The upper part of the horizontal partition plate 7 constitutes the secondary combustion chamber 5, and the vertical partition plate 9 in the horizontal partition plate 7 is formed.
The left side is the primary combustion chamber 3 and the right side is the residual ash chamber 10.

In the figure, 11 is a chimney provided on the upper wall on one end side of the furnace body 2 for discharging the gas in the primary combustion chamber 3 to the outside, 12
Is a furnace body 2 for taking out the residual ash in the residual ash chamber 10 from the outside.
It is an ash intake opening provided on the inner peripheral wall of the other end.

Reference numeral 13 is a second partition wall that defines the dry distillation chamber 4 in the primary combustion chamber 3. The second partition wall 13 is made of a material such as ceramic or metal having a high thermal conductivity, and the primary combustion is performed. A tunnel partition plate 14 having a curved upper section is provided below the chamber 3 from one inner peripheral wall of the furnace body 2 to a vertical partition plate 9, and the tunnel partition plate 14 communicates with the primary combustion chamber 3 at both edges below the tunnel partition plate 14. A large number of openings 15, 15a ... Are formed in the longitudinal direction, and the inside of the tunnel partition plate 14 constitutes the dry distillation chamber 4.

In the dry distillation chamber 4, an external air introducing pipe 16 penetrating from the inner peripheral wall at one end of the furnace body 2 is provided in parallel, and the external air introducing pipe 16 is directed toward the center side below the dry distillation chamber 4. A large number of ejection holes 17, 17a ... For ejecting external air are provided in the longitudinal direction.

Reference numeral 18 denotes an object W to be incinerated contained in the primary combustion chamber 3.
Among these, for example, a primary combustion burner for burning a substance such as corrugated cardboard that does not undergo carbonization by external heat, and the primary combustion burner 18 is provided on one end inner peripheral wall of the furnace body 2.

Numeral 19 is a secondary combustion burner for forming a high temperature atmosphere of 700 ° C. or higher in the secondary combustion chamber 5 and for recombusting unburned gas flowing in the secondary combustion chamber 5. The combustion burner 19 is provided on the inner peripheral wall at one end of the furnace body 2.

In the figure, reference numeral 20 is an opening port for opening and closing the incineration object W into the primary combustion chamber 3, 21 is an abutting plate 22 for crushing carbonized substances provided in the secondary combustion chamber 5, 22a ...
The zigzag path 23 is a filter provided in the chimney 11 for absorbing the crushed dust.

Next, the operation of the dry distillation type firing furnace according to the present invention will be described. First, when the secondary combustion burner 19 is ignited to form a high temperature atmosphere state of 700 ° C. or higher in the secondary combustion chamber 5, The heat in the secondary combustion chamber 5 is conducted into the primary combustion chamber 3 via the first partition wall 6, and the radiant heat raises the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 3.

Then, in the primary combustion chamber 3 at a temperature higher than the inlet 20, the incineration object W which is a medical waste such as absorbent cotton, gauze, syringe, drip set and the like contained in a plastic container is dried in the dry distillation chamber. When placed in the second partition wall 13 defining 4 and housed, the incineration target W is liquefied by external heat dry distillation, and passes through the upper surface of the second partition wall 13 into the dry distillation chamber 4 through the openings 15, 15a. Collect the dry-distilled liquid.

Incidentally, the primary combustion burner may be ignited in order to burn a substance which does not undergo carbonization by external heat, such as cardboard, among the materials W to be incinerated.

Next, the injection holes 17, 17 of the external air introduction pipe 16 provided in the dry distillation chamber 4 by an appropriate mechanism such as a blower.
When air is jetted from a ..., the surface of the dry distillation liquid material accumulated in the lower part of the dry distillation chamber 4 is waved, the surface area is increased to promote gasification, and a good mixed state with air is achieved. By burning, the carbon dioxide is completely burned and the carbonized gas is pyrolyzed.

Further, the completely burned exhaust gas flows into the secondary combustion chamber 5 through the communication holes 8, 8a ... Of the horizontal partition plate 7,
Immediately before flowing into the chimney 11, a small amount of unburned gas contained in the exhaust gas is completely burned again and exhausted to the outside as smokeless and odorless exhaust gas from the chimney 11.

The heat generated by the complete combustion in the dry distillation chamber 4 is conducted to the primary combustion chamber 3 via the second partition wall 13, and is radiated by the second partition wall 13 and the radiant heat of the first partition wall 6. By maintaining the high temperature atmosphere of the primary combustion chamber 3 in a stable state, dry distillation in the primary combustion chamber 3 is promoted, and similarly, the high temperature atmosphere of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is also maintained, so that it is stable. The incineration process is performed in the furnace body 2.

[0023]

In summary, according to the present invention, the furnace body 2 having a cylindrical capsule shape, which has a chimney 11 on the upper wall portion and is horizontally placed, is provided.
The first partition wall 6 and the second partition wall 13 made of a material such as ceramic or metal define a secondary combustion chamber 5 having a secondary combustion burner 19, a primary combustion chamber 3, and a carbonization chamber 4 in this order from above, and the carbonization is performed. The chamber 4 and the secondary combustion chamber 5 are communicated with each other, and the dry distillation chamber 4 is provided with openings 15, 15a for introducing the dry distillation liquid material of the incineration target W contained in the primary combustion chamber 3 into the dry distillation chamber 4. The external air introducing pipe 16 is provided in the dry distillation chamber 4 while being formed in the second partition wall 13 formed, and the ejection hole 1 of the external air introducing pipe 16 is formed.
7, 17a are directed to the inner peripheral wall of the furnace body 2 below the carbonization chamber 4, so that the secondary combustion burner 19 is ignited and the inside of the secondary combustion chamber 5 becomes a high temperature atmosphere state of 700 ° C. or higher. Since the inside of the primary combustion chamber 3 is heated to a high temperature by radiant heat via the partition wall 6, the incineration target W contained in the primary combustion chamber 3 can be liquefied by external heat carbonization. When the air ejected from the ejection holes 17, 17a of the external air introduction pipe 16 is brought into contact with the surface, the surface of the dry-distilled liquid material undulates, the surface area is increased, gasification is promoted, and the mixed state with air is good. By burning and
It can be pyrolyzed so that the dry distillation gas is completely burned to make it completely pollution-free.

The heat generated by the complete combustion in the carbonization chamber 4 is conducted to the primary combustion chamber 3 through the second partition wall 13, and the radiant heat of the second partition wall 13 and the radiant heat of the first partition wall 6 cause the primary heat. By maintaining the high temperature atmosphere of the combustion chamber 3 in a stable state, dry distillation in the primary combustion chamber 3 is promoted, and similarly, the high temperature atmosphere of the secondary combustion chamber 5 is also maintained, so that it is stable. Since the incineration process can be performed in the furnace body 2, the running cost can be reduced.

Further, since the secondary combustion chamber 5 can be heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. or more by the secondary combustion burner 19 and then incinerated, the infectious medical waste can be particularly safe among medical waste. In addition, the practical effects such as efficient processing are enormous.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a dry distillation type firing furnace according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Furnace body 3 Primary combustion chamber 4 Dry distillation chamber 5 Secondary combustion chamber 6 First partition 11 Chimney 13 Second partition 15, 15a… Opening 16 External air inlet pipe 17, 17a… Spout hole 19 Secondary combustion burner

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A secondary combustion burner comprising a first partition wall and a second partition wall made of a material such as ceramic or metal in a horizontally placed cylindrical capsule-shaped furnace body having a chimney on an upper wall. A secondary combustion chamber, a primary combustion chamber, and a dry distillation chamber are sequentially defined from above, the dry distillation chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are communicated with each other, and a dry distillation liquid of an incineration object accommodated in the primary combustion chamber is introduced into the dry distillation chamber. The opening is formed in the second partition wall that defines the dry distillation chamber, and an external air introduction pipe for introducing air into the dry distillation chamber is provided, and the ejection hole of the external air introduction pipe is provided in the furnace body below the dry distillation chamber. A dry distillation incinerator characterized by being oriented toward the inner wall.