JPH08292661A - Image forming device - Google Patents
Image forming deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08292661A JPH08292661A JP7095717A JP9571795A JPH08292661A JP H08292661 A JPH08292661 A JP H08292661A JP 7095717 A JP7095717 A JP 7095717A JP 9571795 A JP9571795 A JP 9571795A JP H08292661 A JPH08292661 A JP H08292661A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoconductor
- toner
- transfer
- image
- potential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Color, Gradation (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Color Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電子写真プロセスを用い
て画像を形成する装置に関しさらに詳しくは静電転写を
用いてカラー電子写真プロセスを構成するのに好適な画
像形成装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming an image by using an electrophotographic process, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus suitable for forming a color electrophotographic process by using electrostatic transfer.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】カラー電子写真プロセスを用いた画像形
成装置として様々な装置が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Various apparatuses have been proposed as image forming apparatuses using a color electrophotographic process.
【0003】特開平2−214174号公報では、中間
転写体上で色重ねし転写材に一括転写する装置におい
て、感光体から中間転写体に転写する箇所と中間転写体
から転写材に転写する箇所を同一とすることにより、従
来2箇所必要であった転写装置を1箇所として装置を簡
略化することが提案されている。In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 214174/1990, in a device for color-overlapping on an intermediate transfer member and transferring it to a transfer material at once, a portion where the photoconductor is transferred to the intermediate transfer body and a portion where the intermediate transfer body is transferred to the transfer material. It has been proposed to simplify the apparatus by making the transfer device the same as that of the conventional transfer device, which has conventionally required two positions.
【0004】また、特開平1−202771号公報で
は、感光体上で色重ねし転写材に一括転写する装置にお
いて、露光強度を調整することにより感光体上の像形成
を良好とすることが提案されている。Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-20771, it is proposed that an image is formed on the photoconductor by adjusting the exposure intensity in an apparatus for performing color transfer on the photoconductor and batch transfer to a transfer material. Has been done.
【0005】また、特開平6−118807号公報で
は、あらゆる温湿度環境においても良好な転写がなされ
るべく感光体上および中間転写体上の付着トナー量をセ
ンサにより読みとりその出力に基づき転写電圧を各色ご
とに設定する方法が提案されている。Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-118807, the amount of toner adhering to the photoconductor and the intermediate transfer member is read by a sensor and a transfer voltage is set based on the output of the sensor in order to achieve good transfer in any temperature and humidity environment. A method of setting each color is proposed.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来技術にお
いては以下に示す課題があった。However, the prior art has the following problems.
【0007】従来の画像形成装置においては、図2に示
すように像担持体220である中間転写体もしくは感光
体上に重ねられたトナー105を転写材110上に一括
転写する際には転写材110上にトナー105が転写さ
れる面とは反対の面に配置される転写電極の電位(例え
ば転写部材107の電位)は転写ニップ内で同一電位で
あった。カラー画像を転写する場合、転写ニップ内には
図2に示すようにトナー層の厚み、トナー帯電量が異な
る状態が存在するが、全ての状態でトナー105が転写
材110に転移するように転写部材107に印加するバ
イアス設定をする必要がある。しかし、上記の従来技術
のように転写電極の電位を同一電位とすると、トナー層
厚すなわち転写されるトナー色数によって転写良好域が
異なるため図3に示すように転写良好域は極めて狭い範
囲しか存在しない。さらに転写材110、転写部材10
7の抵抗値変動や経時的なトナー帯電量の変動によって
良好域は変化する。そのため特開平6−118807号
公報のようなトナー量検出手段やトナー帯電量検出手段
等を用いバイアス制御を行う必要がありセンサによるコ
ストアップやセンサの検出精度に課題があった。In the conventional image forming apparatus, as shown in FIG. 2, when the toner 105 superposed on the intermediate transfer body or the photosensitive body which is the image carrier 220 is collectively transferred onto the transfer material 110, the transfer material is transferred. The potential of the transfer electrode (for example, the potential of the transfer member 107) arranged on the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner 105 was transferred on 110 was the same in the transfer nip. When transferring a color image, there is a state where the thickness of the toner layer and the toner charge amount are different in the transfer nip as shown in FIG. 2, but the transfer is performed so that the toner 105 is transferred to the transfer material 110 in all the states. It is necessary to set the bias applied to the member 107. However, if the potentials of the transfer electrodes are the same as in the prior art described above, the good transfer region differs depending on the toner layer thickness, that is, the number of transferred toner colors. Therefore, as shown in FIG. not exist. Further, the transfer material 110 and the transfer member 10
The good range changes due to the fluctuation of the resistance value of No. 7 and the fluctuation of the toner charge amount over time. Therefore, it is necessary to perform bias control by using a toner amount detecting unit, a toner charge amount detecting unit, or the like as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-118807, and there are problems in cost increase and sensor detection accuracy of the sensor.
【0008】そこで、本発明はかかる従来の問題点を鑑
みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、転写材
110、転写部材107の抵抗値やトナー帯電量等の変
動によらず高品質で耐久性に優れた画像形成装置を提供
することである。Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to achieve high quality regardless of fluctuations in the resistance value of the transfer material 110 and the transfer member 107, the toner charge amount, and the like. And to provide an image forming apparatus having excellent durability.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の画像形成装置
は、像担持体上に重ねて形成したカラートナー像を転写
材に一括転写する際に、前記転写材に対して前記像担持
体と反対側に配置される転写電極の電位を前記像担持体
上に形成したトナー情報に基づき変化させる電位可変手
段を配設することを特徴とする。An image forming apparatus according to the present invention is configured so that when a color toner image formed on an image carrier is transferred to a transfer material at the same time, the image carrier is transferred to the transfer material. It is characterized in that potential changing means for changing the potential of the transfer electrode arranged on the opposite side based on the toner information formed on the image carrier is provided.
【0010】[0010]
【作用】請求項1、2、3記載の発明によれば、トナー
が転移する面とは反対の面に配置される転写電極の電位
を前記像担持体上に形成したトナー情報に基づき変化さ
せる電位可変手段を有し、その電位可変手段により図3
に示す電位差A、B、Cをトナーの状態に応じて付加す
る。これを図4を用いて説明する。図4は像担持体上に
重ねられたトナー層と転写材背面の転写電極の電位のモ
デル図である。転写電極120の電位を先に示したよう
にA、B、Cと変えるためトナー層105にかかる電界
がトナー層105厚みによらず実質的に同一もしくは極
めて近くなる。このため、像担持体220に印加される
電圧をパラメータにとり転写良好域を示すと図5に示す
ように図3に比べ良好域が広がる。このため、転写材1
10や転写部材107の抵抗値が変動したりトナー帯電
量が経時的に変化しても転写不良をおこしにくくなる。According to the present invention, the electric potential of the transfer electrode arranged on the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner is transferred is changed based on the toner information formed on the image carrier. It has a potential varying means, and the potential varying means is used for the operation shown in FIG.
The potential differences A, B, and C shown in are added according to the state of the toner. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a model diagram of the potentials of the toner layer stacked on the image carrier and the transfer electrode on the back surface of the transfer material. Since the electric potential of the transfer electrode 120 is changed to A, B, and C as described above, the electric field applied to the toner layer 105 becomes substantially the same or very close regardless of the thickness of the toner layer 105. Therefore, when the good transfer area is shown with the voltage applied to the image carrier 220 as a parameter, the good area is widened as compared with FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the transfer material 1
Even if the resistance value of the transfer member 107 or the transfer member 107 fluctuates or the toner charge amount changes with time, transfer failure is less likely to occur.
【0011】請求項4記載の発明によれば、電位可変手
段を感光体に潜像形成する露光手段としたため高解像度
の画像に対しても電位を変化させることができる。According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the potential changing means is the exposing means for forming a latent image on the photoconductor, the potential can be changed even for a high resolution image.
【0012】請求項5記載の発明によれば、カラートナ
ーを中間転写体であるベルト状の第2感光体に順次重ね
る際に電位可変手段を動作させるため、転写したい箇所
のみの電位を深くすることができ、ドットの散りや広が
りが低減され画像の解像度を高められる。According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the potential changing means is operated when the color toner is sequentially superposed on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member which is the intermediate transfer member, the potential of only the portion to be transferred is deepened. It is possible to reduce the scattering and spread of dots and improve the resolution of the image.
【0013】請求項6記載の発明によれば、請求項5に
加えさらに一括転写時においても電位可変手段を動作さ
せるため一括転写時の転写良好域を広げる事ができ転写
性を向上できる。According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the fifth aspect, the potential varying means is operated even during the batch transfer, so that the good transfer area at the batch transfer can be widened and the transferability can be improved.
【0014】請求項7記載の発明によれば、トナー情報
をあらかじめわかっている画像データで代用するため簡
単に電位可変手段へのデータが作成でき従来のようなセ
ンサが不要となる。According to the invention described in claim 7, since the toner information is substituted by the image data which is known in advance, the data for the potential changing means can be easily created, and the conventional sensor is unnecessary.
【0015】[0015]
(実施例1)図1は本発明の画像形成装置の断面概観図
である。(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus of the present invention.
【0016】まず、装置の動作を説明する。帯電手段1
02は感光体101を均一にある電位(例えば−700
V)に帯電する。本実施例ではローラに直流電圧を印加
する接触帯電器を用いたがスコロトロン帯電器を用いて
も良い。レーザー走査光学系である露光手段103によ
って画像データに応じて形成された600dpi(do
t per inch)の解像度の静電潜像(例えば−
100V)が形成される。次に離接可能な一成分接触方
式のイエロー現像器104Yによって負帯電性イエロー
トナーが反転現像され感光体上101において顕像化さ
れる。顕像化されたイエロートナーは、中間転写体10
6上に転写部材107に印加されるバイアス(例えば+
1500V)の作用で転写される。転写が終了すると感
光体101上の転写残りトナーは、ブレードを接触させ
てクリーニングするクリーナ108で回収され、続いて
感光体電位は除電手段109である除電ランプによりリ
セットされる。同様の動作をマゼンタ現像器104M、
シアン現像器104C、ブラック現像器104Bkにつ
いても繰り返すことにより、中間転写体106上に各色
のトナーが重ねられフルカラー画像が形成される。この
中間転写体106上のフルカラー画像は不図示の給紙手
段により転写位置まで搬送された転写材110に一括転
写される。この時、転写部材107には先ほど印加した
電圧とは逆極性の電圧(例えば−1500V)が印加さ
れる。また、露光手段103では、中間転写体106上
のトナー層厚に応じて露光強度もしくは露光時間を変え
ることにより均一帯電された感光体101上に異なる静
電潜像を形成(例えば、−100V、−400V、−7
00V)する。この時、現像器104には形成された静
電潜像にトナー105が現像されないバイアスを印加す
る(例えば+100V)か、もしくは現像器104を感
光体101から離間する。転写材110に転移しない中
間転写体106上の転写残りトナー105は、中間転写
体クリーナ111で回収される。但し、中間転写体クリ
ーナ111は、転写材110にカラートナー画像を一括
転写時には接しそれ以外では離れる構成である。First, the operation of the apparatus will be described. Charging means 1
Reference numeral 02 designates the photosensitive member 101 at a certain potential (for example, -700).
V) is charged. In this embodiment, the contact charger for applying a DC voltage to the roller is used, but a scorotron charger may be used. The 600 dpi (do) formed according to the image data by the exposure unit 103 which is a laser scanning optical system.
electrostatic latent image with a resolution of t per inch (for example, −
100 V) is formed. Next, the negatively-chargeable yellow toner is reversely developed by the one-component contact type yellow developing device 104Y that can be separated and contacted, and visualized on the photoconductor 101. The visualized yellow toner is used for the intermediate transfer member 10.
6 is a bias applied to the transfer member 107 (for example, +
It is transcribed by the action of 1500 V). When the transfer is completed, the untransferred toner on the photoconductor 101 is collected by a cleaner 108 which contacts a blade to clean the toner, and then the photoconductor potential is reset by a discharge lamp as a discharge unit 109. The same operation is performed by the magenta developing device 104M,
By repeating the processes for the cyan developing device 104C and the black developing device 104Bk, the toners of the respective colors are superposed on the intermediate transfer member 106 to form a full-color image. The full-color image on the intermediate transfer member 106 is collectively transferred onto the transfer material 110 conveyed to the transfer position by a paper feeding unit (not shown). At this time, the transfer member 107 is applied with a voltage (for example, -1500 V) having a polarity opposite to the voltage applied previously. Further, in the exposure means 103, different electrostatic latent images are formed on the uniformly charged photoconductor 101 by changing the exposure intensity or the exposure time according to the toner layer thickness on the intermediate transfer body 106 (for example, −100V, -400V, -7
00V). At this time, a bias is applied to the developing device 104 so that the toner 105 is not developed on the formed electrostatic latent image (for example, +100 V), or the developing device 104 is separated from the photoconductor 101. The transfer residual toner 105 on the intermediate transfer body 106 that is not transferred to the transfer material 110 is collected by the intermediate transfer body cleaner 111. However, the intermediate transfer member cleaner 111 is configured to be in contact with the transfer material 110 at the time of batch transfer of the color toner image and to be separated from the transfer material 110 at other times.
【0017】トナー105が転移した転写材110は、
不図示の定着器により定着され装置外に排出される。The transfer material 110 to which the toner 105 has transferred is
It is fixed by a fixing device (not shown) and discharged to the outside of the apparatus.
【0018】次に、転写材110にトナー105を一括
転写する時の電位について説明する。Next, the potential when the toner 105 is collectively transferred onto the transfer material 110 will be described.
【0019】図6は本実施例における一括転写時の電位
を説明する図である。尚、図6では他の図と同様にトナ
ーと転写材が離れて図示されているがトナーの移動を視
覚的に分かりやすくするためのもので実際には接触して
いる。図6において、転写部材107には−1500V
が印加されトナー層105の厚さによらず同電位面が形
成される。一方、トナー105が転写材110に転写さ
れる面と反対の面に配置される転写電極面(本例では感
光体101面)には、中間転写体106上のトナー層厚
に応じて露光手段103により異なる電位の潜像が形成
される。具体的には、トナー層がない部分もしくは1色
のみの部分では−700V、2色、3色が重なる部分で
は−400V、4色が重なる部分では−100Vとし
た。FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the potential during batch transfer in this embodiment. Note that, in FIG. 6, the toner and the transfer material are illustrated separately from each other, as in the other drawings, but they are in contact with each other for the purpose of making the movement of the toner easy to visually understand. In FIG. 6, −1500 V is applied to the transfer member 107.
Is applied, the same potential surface is formed regardless of the thickness of the toner layer 105. On the other hand, on the transfer electrode surface (the surface of the photoconductor 101 in this example) arranged on the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner 105 is transferred to the transfer material 110, an exposure unit is formed according to the toner layer thickness on the intermediate transfer body 106. The latent images of different potentials are formed by 103. Specifically, it is set to -700V in a portion without a toner layer or in a portion having only one color, -400V in a portion where two colors and three colors overlap, and to -100V in a portion where four colors overlap.
【0020】次に中間転写体106上のトナー情報の検
出方法について説明する。トナー層厚は、中間転写体1
06に対向するように画像の解像度分の表面電位センサ
を設けトナー上の表面電位を検出したり、反射型センサ
を設けトナー濃度を検出することで対応できる。しか
し、解像度の高いシステムでは前記の方法では限界があ
るため以下に示す方法でトナー層厚に対応する情報を作
成した。まず、顕像化するために潜像形成するときの色
毎の画像データをメモリに蓄え各画素における顕像化し
たトナー色数を把握する。本実施例ではトナー粒径は何
れの色トナーも同一としたため顕像化されたトナー色数
とトナー層厚はほぼ対応がとれる。よってメモリに蓄え
たデータを一括転写時の潜像形成用データとして用い
た。トナーの色ごとに粒径が異なる場合、もしくはトナ
ーの粒径は同じでも帯電量が著しく異なる場合は顕像化
した色とトナー層厚、帯電量を変換するテーブルを用い
メモリに蓄えたデータを加工して一括転写時の潜像形成
用データとして用いても良い。Next, a method of detecting toner information on the intermediate transfer member 106 will be described. The toner layer thickness is the intermediate transfer member 1
It is possible to cope with this by providing a surface potential sensor for the resolution of the image so as to be opposed to 06 and detecting the surface potential on the toner, or by providing a reflective sensor to detect the toner density. However, since there is a limit to the above method in a system with high resolution, the information corresponding to the toner layer thickness was created by the following method. First, image data for each color when a latent image is formed for visualization is stored in a memory and the number of visualized toner colors in each pixel is grasped. In this embodiment, the toner particle size is the same for all color toners, so that the number of visualized toner colors and the toner layer thickness can be substantially matched. Therefore, the data stored in the memory was used as the latent image forming data at the time of batch transfer. If the particle size is different for each toner color, or if the toner particle size is the same but the charge amount is significantly different, use the table that converts the visualized color, toner layer thickness, and charge amount to store the data stored in the memory. It may be processed and used as data for latent image formation at the time of batch transfer.
【0021】図7は本例において一括転写する際に転写
部材107に印加する電圧と転写効率の関係を示した図
である。図6に示すように感光体101上の潜像の電位
をトナー105層厚により変えたため1色と2色、3色
と4色の転写良好域が重なる。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage applied to the transfer member 107 and the transfer efficiency at the time of batch transfer in this example. As shown in FIG. 6, since the potential of the latent image on the photoconductor 101 is changed depending on the thickness of the toner 105 layer, the good transfer areas of 1 color, 2 colors, 3 colors and 4 colors overlap.
【0022】4色の転写良好域が完全に重ならないの
は、図6において、2色が重なる部分と3色が重なる部
分の電位を同電位としたためであり、電位差をつければ
ほぼ完全に重ねる事も可能である。従来は図3に示した
ように極めて狭い良好域しか存在しなかったため環境や
トナー帯電量によりその良好域にはいるようにバイアス
を制御するか、印字品質を妥協するしかなかった。しか
し本実施例では、良好なバイアス範囲が広がるため中間
転写体106や転写部材107や転写材110の抵抗値
が環境により変化したり、トナー帯電量が経時的に変化
しても転写部材107に印加するバイアスは複雑なバイ
アス制御がいらず、定電圧電源、もしくは定電流電源も
しくは定電流電源で下限電圧を設定する程度の簡単なバ
イアス制御で高品質な画像が得られるようになった。The reason why the good transfer areas of the four colors do not completely overlap is that the potentials of the portions where the two colors overlap and the portions where the three colors overlap in FIG. 6 are set to the same potential. Things are possible. In the past, as shown in FIG. 3, there was only an extremely narrow good region, and therefore, there was no choice but to control the bias so as to be in the good region depending on the environment or the toner charge amount, or to compromise the print quality. However, in this embodiment, since the favorable bias range is widened, even if the resistance values of the intermediate transfer member 106, the transfer member 107, and the transfer material 110 change depending on the environment, or the toner charge amount changes with time, the transfer member 107 does not change. The applied bias does not require complicated bias control, and high-quality images can be obtained by simple bias control such that a lower limit voltage is set by a constant voltage power supply, a constant current power supply, or a constant current power supply.
【0023】本例においては、一括転写時の感光体10
1上の静電潜像を3種類の電位(−100、−400、
−700V)としたが中間転写体106、転写部材10
7の抵抗値があまり変動しないシステムにおいては2種
類(例えば、−100、−700V)でもよい。その逆
にそれらの抵抗値が大きく変動したりトナー帯電量が変
動しやすいシステムにおいては4種類(例えば、−10
0、−400、−700、−1000V)として図7に
おける転写良好域をトナー層厚によらずほぼ完全に一致
させる方が好ましい。この場合は、中間転写体106上
から転写材110に一括転写する時に帯電手段102が
感光体101を一様帯電する電位を大きくし(例えば−
1000V)静電潜像の電位差を十分とれる構成とする
ことが好ましい。In this example, the photoconductor 10 at the time of batch transfer
The electrostatic latent image on 1 is set to three types of potentials (-100, -400,
-700V), but the intermediate transfer member 106 and the transfer member 10
In a system in which the resistance value of 7 does not fluctuate much, two types (for example, -100, -700V) may be used. On the contrary, in a system in which the resistance values thereof largely fluctuate or the toner charge amount easily fluctuates, four types (for example, -10
0, -400, -700, -1000V), it is preferable that the good transfer region in FIG. 7 is almost completely matched regardless of the toner layer thickness. In this case, the potential at which the charging unit 102 uniformly charges the photoconductor 101 when the image is collectively transferred from the intermediate transfer body 106 to the transfer material 110 is increased (for example, −
(1000 V) It is preferable that the electrostatic latent image has a sufficient potential difference.
【0024】尚、本発明に用いる中間転写体106とし
ては、ポリカーボネイト、ポリエチレンテレフタレート
等の基材にカーボン等の導電材を分散もしくは塗布する
ことにより表面抵抗を中抵抗化(105〜1011Ω)し
たフィルム材を用いる。中間転写体106の長さは、装
置が対応する最大転写材長さより長いことは勿論であ
り、感光体101の周長の整数倍であることが好まし
い。The intermediate transfer member 106 used in the present invention has a medium surface resistance (10 5 to 10 11 Ω) by dispersing or coating a conductive material such as carbon on a substrate such as polycarbonate or polyethylene terephthalate. ) Used film material. The length of the intermediate transfer member 106 is, of course, longer than the maximum transfer material length supported by the apparatus, and is preferably an integral multiple of the peripheral length of the photosensitive member 101.
【0025】(実施例2)図8は本発明の画像形成装置
における他の実施例の断面概観図である。実施例1と大
きく異なる点は感光体101上でカラートナー像を重ね
る点と感光体を2つ用いる点である。(Embodiment 2) FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. A major difference from Example 1 is that a color toner image is superposed on the photoconductor 101 and two photoconductors are used.
【0026】装置の動作を説明する。非接触帯電手段1
12であるスコロトンは感光体101を均一にある電位
(例えば−700V)に帯電する。露光手段103によ
って画像データに応じて形成された600dpi(do
t per inch)の解像度の静電潜像(例えば−
100V)にまずイエロー現像器104Yによって負帯
電性イエロートナーが反転現像され感光体上101にお
いて顕像化される。イエロートナーが顕像化された上か
ら帯電手段102により帯電がなされ露光手段103に
よって画像データに応じて形成された潜像にマゼンタ現
像器104Mによってマゼンタトナーが顕像化される。
同様にシアントナー、ブラックトナーも顕像化され感光
体101上にフルカラー画像が形成される。感光体10
1上のフルカラー画像は、不図示の給紙手段により転写
位置まで搬送された転写材110上に以下に示す第2感
光体201上の電位の作用で一括転写される。第2感光
体201は正帯電型であって、ローラに直流電圧を印加
する第2帯電手段202によって一様帯電(例えば+1
500V)される。第2露光手段203では、感光体1
01上のトナー層厚に応じて露光強度もしくは露光時間
を変えることにより均一帯電された第2感光体201上
に異なる静電潜像を形成(例えば、+900V、+12
00V、+1500V)する。転写材110に転写され
ずに感光体101上に残ったトナー105はクリーナ1
08で回収される。なお、クリーナ108は感光体10
1上にトナー105を重ねる時には離れ、転写材110
に一括転写時には接する。トナー105が転移した転写
材110は、不図示の定着器により定着され装置外に排
出される。The operation of the apparatus will be described. Non-contact charging means 1
A scoroton of 12 uniformly charges the photoconductor 101 to a certain potential (for example, -700V). 600 dpi (do formed by the exposure unit 103 according to the image data)
electrostatic latent image with a resolution of t per inch (for example, −
At 100 V), the yellow developing device 104Y first reverse-develops the negatively chargeable yellow toner to visualize the image on the photoconductor 101. The magenta toner is visualized by the magenta developing device 104M on the latent image formed by the charging means 102 after the yellow toner is visualized and by the exposing means 103 according to the image data.
Similarly, cyan toner and black toner are also visualized to form a full-color image on the photoconductor 101. Photoconductor 10
The full-color image on 1 is collectively transferred onto the transfer material 110 conveyed to a transfer position by a sheet feeding unit (not shown) by the action of the potential on the second photoconductor 201 described below. The second photoconductor 201 is a positive charging type, and is uniformly charged (for example, +1 by a second charging unit 202 that applies a DC voltage to the roller).
500 V). In the second exposure unit 203, the photoconductor 1
By changing the exposure intensity or the exposure time according to the toner layer thickness on 01, different electrostatic latent images are formed on the uniformly charged second photoconductor 201 (for example, + 900V, +12).
00V, + 1500V). The toner 105 remaining on the photoconductor 101 without being transferred to the transfer material 110 is the cleaner 1
Recovered at 08. The cleaner 108 is the photoreceptor 10.
When the toner 105 is overlaid on top of the transfer material 110, the transfer material 110 is removed.
Contact at the time of batch transfer. The transfer material 110 to which the toner 105 has been transferred is fixed by a fixing device (not shown) and discharged to the outside of the apparatus.
【0027】次に転写材110にトナー105を一括転
写する時の電位について説明する。Next, the potential when the toner 105 is collectively transferred to the transfer material 110 will be described.
【0028】図9は本実施例における一括転写時の電位
を説明する図である。感光体101のトナー105のあ
る面の電位は−100Vで同電位面である。一方、トナ
ー105が転写材110に転写される面と反対の面に配
置される転写電極面(本例では第2感光体面201)に
は感光体101上のトナー層厚に応じて第2露光手段2
03により異なる電位の潜像が形成される。具体的に
は、トナー層がない部分もしくは1色のみの部分では+
900V、2色、3色が重なる部分では+1200V、
4色が重なる部分では+1500Vとした。FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the potential during batch transfer in this embodiment. The potential of the surface of the photoconductor 101 on which the toner 105 is present is −100 V, which is the same potential surface. On the other hand, the transfer electrode surface (the second photoconductor surface 201 in this example) arranged on the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner 105 is transferred to the transfer material 110 is subjected to the second exposure according to the toner layer thickness on the photoconductor 101. Means 2
With 03, latent images of different potentials are formed. Specifically, in the part without the toner layer or the part with only one color, +
900V, + 1200V in the area where two colors and three colors overlap,
It was set to + 1500V in the portion where the four colors overlap.
【0029】図10は本例において一括転写する際に第
2感光体201を第2帯電手段202により帯電すると
きの表面電位と転写効率の関係を示した図である。第2
感光体201上の静電潜像をトナー105層厚により変
えたため1色と2色、3色と4色の転写良好域が重な
る。本実施例により、良好なバイアス範囲が広がるため
転写材110の抵抗値が環境により変化したり、トナー
帯電量が経時的に変化しても第2帯電手段202は複雑
なバイアス制御がいらず、定電圧電源、もしくは定電流
電源もしくは定電流電源で下限電圧を設定する程度の簡
単なバイアス制御で高品質な画像が得られるようになっ
た。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the surface potential and the transfer efficiency when the second photoconductor 201 is charged by the second charging means 202 during the batch transfer in this example. Second
Since the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 201 is changed depending on the thickness of the toner 105 layer, the good transfer regions of 1 color, 2 colors, 3 colors and 4 colors overlap. According to the present exemplary embodiment, since the favorable bias range is widened, the second charging unit 202 does not need complicated bias control even if the resistance value of the transfer material 110 changes due to the environment or the toner charge amount changes with time. High-quality images can now be obtained by simple bias control such as setting the lower limit voltage with a constant voltage power supply, a constant current power supply, or a constant current power supply.
【0030】(実施例3)図11は本発明の画像形成装
置における他の実施例の断面概観図である。(Embodiment 3) FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
【0031】実施例1、2との違いは転写材110に一
括転写する時だけでなくカラー画像を中間転写体である
ベルト状の第2感光体211に重ねる際にもトナー10
5が転移する側の電位をトナー情報に応じて変化させる
点である。The difference from the first and second embodiments is that the toner 10 is applied not only when it is collectively transferred to the transfer material 110 but also when the color image is superposed on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211 which is an intermediate transfer member.
That is, the potential on the side where 5 is transferred is changed according to the toner information.
【0032】まず、装置の動作を説明する。帯電手段1
02は感光体101を均一にある電位(例えば−700
V)に帯電する。露光手段103によって画像データに
応じて形成された600dpi(dot per in
ch)の解像度の静電潜像(例えば−100V)にまず
イエロー現像器104Yによって負帯電性イエロートナ
ーが反転現像され感光体上101において顕像化され
る。顕像化されたイエロートナーは中間転写体であるベ
ルト状の第2感光体211上に以下に示す電位の作用で
転写される。図12はベルト状の第2感光体211にイ
エロトナーが転写される時の電位を説明する図である。
ベルト状の第2感光体211は正帯電型の感光体であっ
て、バイアス極性が切り換え可能な第2非接触帯電手段
212により一様帯電(例えば+1500V)される。
感光体101上にイエロートナーが現像された位置と対
向するベルト状第2感光体211上の電位を+1500
V、他の位置の電位を+100Vに第2露光手段203
により潜像形成する。トナー105を付けたい位置のみ
に電界が作用するため実施例1における中間転写体10
6上の像に比べシャープなドットが形成された。感光体
101上の転写残りトナーはクリーナ108で回収さ
れ、続いて感光体電位は除電手段109によりリセット
される。同様の動作をマゼンタ現像器104M、シアン
現像器104C、ブラック現像器104Bkについても
繰り返すことにより中間転写体であるベルト状の第2感
光体211上に各色のトナーが重ねられフルカラー画像
が形成される。ベルト状の第2感光体211上のフルカ
ラー画像は、不図示の給紙手段により転写位置まで搬送
された転写材110上に以下に示す電位の作用で一括転
写される。ベルト状の第2感光体211上の表面電位は
第2非接触帯電手段212により先ほどの電位とは逆極
性の電位に設定される(例えば−1500V)。また、
露光手段103では、ベルト状第2感光体212上のト
ナー層厚に応じて露光強度もしくは露光時間を変えるこ
とにより均一帯電された感光体101上に異なる静電潜
像を形成(例えば、−100V、−400V、−700
V)する。この時、現像器104には形成された静電潜
像にトナー105が現像されないバイアスを印加する
(例えば+100V)か、もしくは現像器104を感光
体101から離間する。転写材110に転移しないベル
ト状第2感光体211上の転写残りトナー105は、転
写材110に一括転写時には接しそれ以外では離れる中
間転写体クリーナ111で回収される。トナー105が
転移した転写材110は不図示の定着器により定着され
装置外に排出される。First, the operation of the apparatus will be described. Charging means 1
Reference numeral 02 designates the photosensitive member 101 at a certain potential (for example, -700).
V) is charged. 600 dpi (dot per in) formed according to the image data by the exposure means 103.
The electrostatic latent image (for example, −100 V) having the resolution of ch) is first subjected to reversal development of the negatively chargeable yellow toner by the yellow developing device 104Y and visualized on the photoconductor 101. The visualized yellow toner is transferred onto the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211, which is an intermediate transfer member, by the action of the following potential. FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the potential when the yellow toner is transferred to the belt-shaped second photoconductor 211.
The belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211 is a positive charging type photosensitive member, and is uniformly charged (for example, +1500 V) by the second non-contact charging unit 212 whose bias polarity can be switched.
The potential on the belt-shaped second photoconductor 211 facing the position where the yellow toner is developed on the photoconductor 101 is set to +1500.
V, the potential at other positions to +100 V
To form a latent image. Since the electric field acts only on the position where the toner 105 is desired to be attached, the intermediate transfer member 10 in the first embodiment.
Sharp dots were formed as compared to the image on 6. The untransferred toner on the photoconductor 101 is collected by the cleaner 108, and then the photoconductor potential is reset by the charge removing unit 109. By repeating the same operation for the magenta developing unit 104M, the cyan developing unit 104C, and the black developing unit 104Bk, the toners of the respective colors are superposed on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211 which is an intermediate transfer member, and a full-color image is formed. . The full-color image on the belt-shaped second photoconductor 211 is collectively transferred onto the transfer material 110 conveyed to the transfer position by a sheet feeding unit (not shown) by the action of the potential shown below. The surface potential on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211 is set to a potential having a polarity opposite to that of the previous potential by the second non-contact charging means 212 (for example, -1500V). Also,
In the exposure means 103, different electrostatic latent images are formed on the uniformly charged photoconductor 101 by changing the exposure intensity or the exposure time according to the toner layer thickness on the belt-shaped second photoconductor 212 (for example, −100V). , -400V, -700
V) At this time, a bias is applied to the developing device 104 so that the toner 105 is not developed on the formed electrostatic latent image (for example, +100 V), or the developing device 104 is separated from the photoconductor 101. The untransferred toner 105 on the belt-shaped second photoconductor 211, which is not transferred to the transfer material 110, is collected by an intermediate transfer member cleaner 111 which is in contact with the transfer material 110 at the time of batch transfer, and is otherwise apart. The transfer material 110 to which the toner 105 is transferred is fixed by a fixing device (not shown) and is discharged to the outside of the apparatus.
【0033】次に転写材110にトナー105を一括転
写する時の電位について説明する。Next, the potential when the toner 105 is collectively transferred to the transfer material 110 will be described.
【0034】図13は本実施例における一括転写時の電
位を説明する図である。ベルト状の第2感光体211上
の表面電位は−1500Vでトナー層105の厚さによ
らず同電位面が形成される。一方、トナー105が転写
材110に転写される面と反対の面に配置される転写電
極面(本例では感光体101面)にはベルト状第2感光
体211上のトナー層厚に応じて露光手段103により
異なる電位の潜像が形成される。具体的には、トナー層
がない部分もしくは1色のみの部分では−700V、2
色、3色が重なる部分では−400V、4色が重なる部
分では−100Vとした。FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the potential during batch transfer in this embodiment. The surface potential on the belt-shaped second photoconductor 211 is -1500V, and the same potential surface is formed regardless of the thickness of the toner layer 105. On the other hand, on the transfer electrode surface (the surface of the photosensitive member 101 in this example) arranged on the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner 105 is transferred to the transfer material 110, depending on the thickness of the toner layer on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211. The exposure means 103 forms latent images of different potentials. Specifically, at a portion without a toner layer or a portion having only one color, -700V, 2
It was set to −400V in the portion where the three colors overlap, and −100V in the portion where the four colors overlap.
【0035】図14は本例において一括転写する際にベ
ルト状の第2感光体211を第2非接触帯電手段212
により帯電するときの表面電位と転写効率の関係を示し
た図である。感光体101上の潜像をトナー層厚により
変えたため1色と2色、3色と4色の転写良好域が重な
る。本実施例により、良好なバイアス範囲が広がるため
転写材110の抵抗値が環境により変化したり、トナー
帯電量が経時的に変化しても第2非接触帯電手段212
は複雑なバイアス制御がいらず、定電圧電源、もしくは
定電流電源もしくは定電流電源で下限電圧を設定する程
度の簡単なバイアス制御で高品質な画像が得られるよう
になった。FIG. 14 shows a case where the belt-shaped second photosensitive member 211 is transferred to the second non-contact charging means 212 during the batch transfer in this embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the surface potential and the transfer efficiency when charged by. Since the latent image on the photoconductor 101 is changed according to the toner layer thickness, the good transfer areas of 1 color, 2 colors, 3 colors and 4 colors overlap. According to the present exemplary embodiment, since the favorable bias range is widened, the second non-contact charging unit 212 does not change even if the resistance value of the transfer material 110 changes depending on the environment or the toner charge amount changes with time.
Does not require complicated bias control, and high-quality images can be obtained by simple bias control such as setting the lower limit voltage with a constant voltage power supply, a constant current power supply, or a constant current power supply.
【0036】以上、3つの実施例を用いて本発明を説明
したが発明の主旨はトナーが転移する面とは反対の面の
電位を像担持体上に形成されたトナー情報に基づき変化
させることであり、実施形態はこれら実施例に限られる
ものではない。本実施例では電位可変手段として一様帯
電された感光体に静電潜像を形成する露光手段を用いた
が解像度があまり高くないシステムでは解像度に応じて
設けられた電極を用い電極毎に電位を制御してもよい。The present invention has been described above with reference to the three embodiments, but the gist of the invention is to change the potential of the surface opposite to the surface on which the toner is transferred, based on the toner information formed on the image carrier. However, the embodiment is not limited to these examples. In this embodiment, the exposure means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the uniformly charged photoconductor is used as the potential varying means, but in a system where the resolution is not so high, the electrodes provided according to the resolution are used and the potential for each electrode is changed. May be controlled.
【0037】[0037]
【発明の効果】以上述べてきた本発明は以下の効果を有
する。The present invention described above has the following effects.
【0038】請求項1、2、3記載の発明によれば、ト
ナーが転移する面とは反対の面に配置される転写電極の
電位を前記像担持体上に形成したトナー情報に基づき変
化させる電位可変手段を有するため転写良好なバイアス
範囲を広げることができ、転写材や転写部材の抵抗値が
変動したりトナー帯電量が経時的に変化しても高効率な
転写性が確保でき信頼性の高い画像形成装置を提供でき
る。According to the first, second, and third aspects of the invention, the potential of the transfer electrode arranged on the surface opposite to the surface to which the toner is transferred is changed based on the toner information formed on the image carrier. Since it has potential changing means, the bias range for good transfer can be expanded, and highly efficient transferability can be secured even if the resistance value of the transfer material or transfer member fluctuates or the toner charge amount changes over time. It is possible to provide a high-quality image forming apparatus.
【0039】請求項4記載の発明によれば、電位可変手
段を感光体に潜像形成する露光手段としたため電位可変
手段における電位の解像度を容易に高められ高品質な画
像形成装置を提供できる。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the potential changing means is the exposing means for forming a latent image on the photoconductor, the resolution of the potential in the potential changing means can be easily enhanced and a high quality image forming apparatus can be provided.
【0040】請求項5記載の発明によれば、カラー画像
を中間転写体であるベルト状第2感光体に重ねる際に電
位可変手段を動作させるためドットの散り、広がりが低
減されさらに高品質な画像形成装置を提供できる。According to the fifth aspect of the invention, when the color image is superposed on the belt-shaped second photosensitive member which is the intermediate transfer member, the potential varying means is operated so that the scattering and spreading of dots are reduced and the quality is further improved. An image forming apparatus can be provided.
【0041】請求項6記載の発明によれば、請求項5に
加えさらに一括転写時においても電位可変手段を動作さ
せるため一括転写時の転写良好域を広げる事ができ信頼
性の高い画像形成装置を提供できる。According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the fifth aspect, since the potential varying means is operated during the collective transfer as well, the good transfer area during the collective transfer can be widened and the image forming apparatus is highly reliable. Can be provided.
【0042】請求項7記載の発明によれば、トナー情報
をあらかじめわかっている画像情報で代用するためトナ
ー層厚検知手段等が不要で小型、低コストの画像形成装
置を提供できる。According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the toner information is substituted by the image information which is known in advance, the toner layer thickness detecting means and the like are not required, and a compact and low-cost image forming apparatus can be provided.
【図1】本発明の第1の実施例における画像形成装置断
面概観図。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】転写ニップを拡大して示す図。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a transfer nip.
【図3】画像形成装置における転写電圧と転写効率の関
係を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a transfer voltage and a transfer efficiency in the image forming apparatus.
【図4】本発明における転写時の電位を説明する図。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a potential during transfer according to the present invention.
【図5】本発明による転写電圧と転写効率の関係を示す
図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between transfer voltage and transfer efficiency according to the present invention.
【図6】本発明の第1の実施例における一括転写時の構
成と電位を示す図。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration and a potential during batch transfer in the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図7】本発明の第1の実施例における転写電圧と転写
効率の関係を示す図。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between transfer voltage and transfer efficiency in the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図8】本発明の第2の実施例における画像形成装置断
面概観図。FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of an image forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図9】本発明の第2の実施例における一括転写時の構
成と電位を示す図。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration and potential at the time of batch transfer in the second embodiment of the present invention.
【図10】本発明の第2の実施例における第2感光体帯
電電位と転写効率の関係を示す図。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the charging potential of the second photoconductor and the transfer efficiency in the second embodiment of the present invention.
【図11】本発明の第3の実施例における画像形成装置
断面概観図。FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the image forming apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
【図12】本発明の第3の実施例における順次転写時の
構成と電位を示す図。FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration and a potential during sequential transfer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図13】本発明の第3の実施例における一括転写時の
構成と電位を示す図。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration and potential during batch transfer in the third embodiment of the present invention.
【図14】本発明の第3の実施例における第2感光体電
位と転写効率の関係を示す図。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the second photoconductor potential and the transfer efficiency in the third embodiment of the present invention.
101 感光体 102 帯電手段 103 露光手段 104 現像器 104Y イエロー現像器 104M マゼンタ現像器 104C シアン現像器 104Bk ブラック現像器 105 トナー 106 中間転写体 107 転写部材 108 クリーナ 109 除電手段 110 転写材 111 中間転写体クリーナ 112 非接触帯電手段 120 転写電極 201 第2感光体 202 第2帯電手段 203 第2露光手段 211 ベルト状第2感光体 212 第2非接触帯電手段 220 像担持体 101 Photoreceptor 102 Charging Means 103 Exposure Means 104 Developing Device 104Y Yellow Developing Device 104M Magenta Developing Device 104C Cyan Developing Device 104Bk Black Developing Device 105 Toner 106 Intermediate Transfer Body 107 Transfer Member 108 Cleaner 109 Electrification Means 110 Transfer Material 111 Intermediate Transfer Body Cleaner 112 non-contact charging means 120 transfer electrode 201 second photoconductor 202 second charging means 203 second exposure means 211 belt-shaped second photoconductor 212 second non-contact charging means 220 image carrier
Claims (7)
ナー像を転写材に一括転写する画像形成装置において、
前記転写材に対して前記像担持体と反対側に配置された
転写電極の電位を前記像担持体上に形成したトナー情報
に基づき変化させる電位可変手段を配設することを特徴
とする画像形成装置。1. An image forming apparatus for collectively transferring a color toner image formed on an image carrier on a transfer material,
Image forming, characterized in that potential changing means for changing the potential of the transfer electrode arranged on the side opposite to the image carrier with respect to the transfer material based on toner information formed on the image carrier is provided. apparatus.
特徴とする請求項1記載の画像形成装置。2. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image carrier is an intermediate transfer member.
とする請求項1記載の画像形成装置。3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image carrier is a photoconductor.
体に静電潜像を形成する露光手段であることを特徴とす
る請求項1記載の画像形成装置。4. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the potential varying unit is an exposing unit that forms an electrostatic latent image on the uniformly charged photoconductor.
報に基づき前記感光体上に静電潜像を形成する露光手
段、前記静電潜像を顕像化する現像手段、ベルト状の第
2感光体を一様帯電する第2帯電手段、前記第2感光体
上に静電潜像を形成する第2露光手段を有し、前記感光
体上に顕像化したカラートナー像を前記第2感光体上に
順次転写する際に、前記第2感光体の電位を前記感光体
上のトナー情報に応じて前記第2露光手段により変化さ
せることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. A charging unit for uniformly charging a photoconductor, an exposing unit for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor based on image information, a developing unit for visualizing the electrostatic latent image, and a belt-like unit. A second charging unit that uniformly charges the second photoconductor and a second exposure unit that forms an electrostatic latent image on the second photoconductor, and the visualized color toner image is formed on the photoconductor. An image forming apparatus, wherein the potential of the second photoconductor is changed by the second exposure means in accordance with toner information on the photoconductor when sequentially transferred to the second photoconductor.
ナー像を前記転写材に一括転写する際に前記感光体の電
位を前記第2感光体上のトナー情報に応じて前記露光手
段により変化させることを特徴とする請求項5記載の画
像形成装置。6. When the color toner images superposed on the second photoconductor are collectively transferred to the transfer material, the potential of the photoconductor is adjusted by the exposure means according to the toner information on the second photoconductor. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the image forming apparatus is changed.
されることを特徴とする請求項1または5記載の画像形
成装置。7. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner information is created based on image information.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP09571795A JP3613293B2 (en) | 1995-04-20 | 1995-04-20 | Image forming apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP09571795A JP3613293B2 (en) | 1995-04-20 | 1995-04-20 | Image forming apparatus |
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JPH08292661A true JPH08292661A (en) | 1996-11-05 |
JP3613293B2 JP3613293B2 (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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JP09571795A Expired - Fee Related JP3613293B2 (en) | 1995-04-20 | 1995-04-20 | Image forming apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7280788B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-10-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus and transferring method |
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1995
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7280788B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2007-10-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Image forming apparatus and transferring method |
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