JPH08292073A - Method and device for measuring landslide surface moving quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an inexpensive measuring device that is able to perform any measuring work at plural different places easily in a highly accurate manner, and also easily capable of handling it without any regulation from the viewpoint of application. CONSTITUTION: Respective GPS antennas 1a1 and 1a2 connected to an antenna switcher 4 in a first receiver is selected, setting two observation points Po1 and Po2 or their setup spots to each alteration spot, and the setup spot of a GPS antenna 1b connected to a second GPS receiver 2b in a second receiving unit is set to a reference point Pr. With an information processor 3a transmitting a changeover designating signal, designating the changeover of these GPS antennas 1a1 and 1a2, to the antenna switcher 4, a variation in each relative distance between the observation point Po1 and the reference point Pr or between the observation point Po2 and the reference point Pr is transferrably measured, and with this variable portion equivalent, a landslide surface moving quantity is calculate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to GPS (Global).
The present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the amount of landslide movement on a landslide using radio wave broadcasting from the Positioning System).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when measuring the amount of movement of the ground surface (landslide surface) due to a landslide, a pile is installed between two points on the target ground surface and an invar wire with a low coefficient of thermal expansion is attached to the pile.
It is common to measure the distance variation between points, but when the landslide surface covers a wide area, a light wave range finder is used for surveying. In recent years, artificial satellites have been used (G
Applying a distance measurement method between two points (by PS) is also being considered. GPS is a system that specifies the position of the antenna on the earth coordinates by receiving the radio wave broadcast transmitted from a radio wave satellite that orbits a circular orbit of 20,000 km above the ground on the earth coordinates, but at present, there are 24 radio waves. A satellite orbits the earth in a cycle of about 12 hours, about 1.2 GHz,
Radio waves are broadcast at two wavelengths of 1.6 GHz.

Therefore, in the measurement of the amount of landslide surface movement using GPS, a relative positioning method using a carrier wave of the radio wave broadcast transmitted from GPS is generally used.
This relative positioning method uses G
By arranging a plurality of receivers consisting of PS antennas and GPS receivers, each receiver receives radio waves from four or more radio satellites at the same time, and the information processor analyzes them to obtain two points between the receivers. The distance between them is relatively calculated.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional apparatus for measuring the amount of landslide surface movement using GPS.
This measurement device is installed at an observation point P _O and is installed at a reference point P _R and a first reception device including a GPS antenna 1a for receiving radio wave broadcast from GPS and a GPS receiver 2a connected to the GPS antenna 1a. It is composed of a second receiving device composed of a GPS antenna 1b for receiving a radio wave broadcast and a GPS receiver 2b connected thereto, and an information processing device 3 connected to each GPS receiver 2a, 2b. .

This measuring device receives radio waves from GPS for about 2 hours for observation. Each GPS antenna 1
In the radio wave broadcast received by a and 1b and converted into a reception signal by each GPS receiver 2a and 2b, the information of the recorded broadcast is analyzed by the information processing device 3. The information processing device 3 analyzes the phase of the carrier wave included in each received signal to obtain the distance between the GPS antenna 1a installed at the observation point P _O and the GPS antenna 1b installed at the reference point P _R.

That is, here, the GP installed at the landslide corresponding portion on the slope (the portion defined by the landslide surface M on the ground surface side of the landslide boundary surface M _B under the ground in the figure)
When a landslide occurs in the area of the S antenna 1a, its installation location moves to the GPS antenna 1b side, so that the observation point P _O
Also, a change appears in the distance between the reference points P _R , and the amount of movement of the landslide surface can be calculated based on the change.

[0007] Generally, in distance measurement using GPS, the success or failure of the line of sight between the position serving as an observation reference (reference point) and the position serving as a positioning target (observation point) is irrelevant. As described above, there is an advantage that the distance between two points can be measured arbitrarily without making the line of sight a necessary condition.
In addition, although the measurement using a light-wave rangefinder is affected by the weather, the distance measurement using GPS receives radio broadcasts from a very high place, so the measurement can be performed by correcting the effect of the weather. It is possible to do. In particular, in the landslide area, it is often the case that a fixed point, which is the standard of measurement, cannot be installed near the observation area, and this makes it impossible to keep sight of the fixed point and the measurement target point, making it difficult to maintain measurement accuracy. However, if distance measurement using GPS is applied, an excellent result can be obtained without needing a line-of-sight between two points.

[0008]

In the measurement of the amount of landslide surface movement using the GPS described above, the distance between two points can be measured without being influenced by the success or failure of the line of sight or the influence of weather. GPS when measuring at different locations
Since it is necessary to move and install the receiving device including the antenna and the GPS receiver in different places, there is a drawback that the measurement cannot be easily performed. Further, when continuously observing the same point in the measurement of the amount of landslide surface movement, the installation error of the GPS antenna is an important factor for ensuring the measurement accuracy, and this GPS antenna installation work is difficult. There is a problem.

On the other hand, when a plurality of receiving devices are arranged at different installation points for observation, mechanical error in the receiver of each receiving device limits the observation accuracy. There are also problems such as regulations. In particular, it is not preferable to use a plurality of receiving devices in such a case because the GPS receiver itself is expensive and thus the cost required for surveying increases.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its technical problem is to measure the amount of landslide movement on the landslide which can be easily and highly accurately measured at a plurality of different places. It is to provide an inexpensive measuring device which can be easily handled without any restrictions on the method and the application to which it is applied.

[0011]

According to the present invention, a GPS
Based on the result of receiving the radio wave broadcast from the GPS receiver separately from the observation point and the reference point included in the landslide point, and the receiving device including the GPS receiver connected to the GPS antenna, When measuring the change in the relative distance between the observation point and the reference point and calculating the amount of movement of the landslide ground surface corresponding to the change, at least one of the receiving devices has the GPS antenna at a plurality of different locations. A method of measuring the amount of movement of the landslide surface, which is installed and switches the plurality of GPS antennas to receive the radio wave broadcast, can be obtained.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, the first GPS antenna installed at the observation point for receiving the radio wave broadcast from the GPS, and the first G antenna connected to the first GPS antenna.
A first receiver comprising a PS receiver, a second GPS antenna installed at a reference point for receiving radio wave broadcasts, and a second GPS receiver connected to the second GPS antenna Change of the relative distance between the observation point and the reference point based on the reception signal obtained by receiving and converting the radio wave broadcasts sent from the second receiving device and the first GPS receiver and the second GPS receiver. An information processing device that measures and calculates the amount of movement of the landslide ground surface corresponding to the change, and in the measuring device of the amount of movement of the landslide ground surface where the observation point is provided at the landslide site, a first receiving device and At least one of the second receiving devices has a plurality of first GPS antennas or second GPS antennas so that they can be installed at a plurality of different locations, and switches the plurality of GPS antennas. Measuring device landslide surface movement amount has a container switching unit is obtained.

In this landslide surface movement measuring device, it is preferable that the information processing device transmits a switching designation signal to the antenna switching device in order to designate switching of a specific one of the plurality of GPS antennas.

[0014]

In the apparatus for measuring the amount of movement of the landslide surface of the present invention, at least one of the receiving devices is provided with a GPS receiver and a plurality of GPS antennas, and an antenna switch for switching the plurality of GPS antennas. By doing so, only the GPS antennas of the receiving device are switched around the installation position of the GPS receiver, and those installation positions are regarded as the change points of the observation point, and the installation positions of the GPS antennas in the other reception devices. The reference point is set with. This makes it possible to measure the amount of landslide surface movement between a plurality of different points with a configuration using only one set of GPS receivers.
The problem of antenna installation error and the problem of mechanical error between GPS receivers that occurs when different GPS receivers are used are improved.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The method and apparatus for measuring the amount of landslide surface movement according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the examples.

First, the outline of the method for measuring the amount of landslide surface movement of the present invention will be briefly described. This method of measuring the amount of surface movement of the landslide is carried out by using GPS antennas installed separately at the observation point and the reference point included in the landslide location for radio wave broadcasting from GPS, and from the GPS receiver connected to this GPS antenna. Based on the result received by the receiving device consisting of at least one of the receiving device when measuring the change in the relative distance between the observation point and the reference point and calculating the amount of movement of the landslide surface corresponding to the change. The GPS antennas are installed at a plurality of different places, and these GPS antennas are switched to receive radio waves.

As a result, in a receiver having a plurality of GPS antennas, each GP is centered on the installation position of the GPS receiver.
Since it becomes possible to switch only the S antennas and to use them by considering their installation locations as the change points of the observation points, it is possible to use one set of receiving apparatus including the receiving apparatus having such a configuration and to use other receiving apparatuses. If a reference point is set at the installation location of the GPS antenna in the receiving device, the measurement of the amount of landslide surface movement between a plurality of different points (between the reference point and the observation point) can be performed using only one set of GPS receivers. It becomes possible to do it by the composition.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention to which the method of measuring the amount of landslide surface movement is applied.

In this measuring apparatus, the first receiving apparatus receives the radio wave broadcast from the GPS, respectively, and at the same time, two different observation points P _O1 and P ₀₂ (here, only the observation point P ₀₂ is landslide surface M). (Located above) two first GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1a ₂ , respectively, an antenna switch 4 for switching between these GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1a ₂ , and each GPS antenna 1a ₁ , 1a
₂ is connected to the first GPS receiver 2a, and the second receiver is a GPS antenna 1b installed at the reference point P _R and a G antenna connected to the first GPS receiver 2a as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a PS receiver 2b, and each GPS receiver 2a,
The information processing device 3a is connected to 2b.

Of these, the information processing device 3a is
While transmitting a switching designation signal for switching designation of either _{one of} the antennas 1a ₁ and 1a ₂ to the antenna switching device 4 via the first GPS receiver 2a,
Based on the received signal obtained by receiving and converting the radio wave broadcasts sent from the first GPS receiver 2a and the second GPS receiver 2b, between the observation point P _O1 and the reference point P _R , or the observation point P ₀₂ and A change in each relative distance between the reference points P _R is switchably measured, and the amount of movement of the landslide ground surface is calculated in correspondence with the change.

In the case of this measuring device, the respective GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1a ₂ connected to the antenna switching device 4 in the first receiving device are switched so that their installation positions are regarded as the change points, and the second receiving signal is received. In addition, the installation location of the GPS antenna 1b connected to the second GPS receiver 2b in the device is used as a reference point P _R , and a pair of GPS receivers 2
It is possible to measure the amount of landslide surface movement between a plurality of different points using a and 2b. In this measuring device, each GPS antenna 1a ₁ , 1a installed arbitrarily
_By switching between ₂ the conventional GPS
The installation error due to repeated installation of the antenna is suppressed, and the GPS generated when different GPS receivers are used.
There is no mechanical error between receivers.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a measuring apparatus according to another embodiment. In this measuring device, the configuration of the first receiving device is the same as that of the measuring device according to the previous embodiment (however, the reference numeral of the antenna switching unit 4 is 4).
However, here, the second receiving device also receives the radio wave broadcast from the GPS, respectively, and the two second GPSs installed at two different reference points P _R1 and P _R2.
Antennas 1b ₁ and 1b ₂ and antenna switching device 4b that switches between these GPS antennas 1b ₁ and 1b _2.
And a _second antenna connected to each GPS antenna 1b ₁ and 1b ₂ .
It consists of a GPS receiver 2b.

The information processing apparatus 3b here sends a switching designation signal for switching and designating _{one of} the GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1a ₂ to the first GPS receiver 2
While transmitting to the antenna switch 4a via a,
A switching designation signal for switching designation of either _{one of} the GPS antennas 1b ₁ and 1b ₂ is sent to the second GP.
It transmits to the antenna switching device 4b via the S receiver 2b. Further, the information processing device 3b includes the first GPS receiver 2a.
, And between the observation points P _O1 and the reference points P _{R1 and} between the observation points P ₀₂ and the reference points P _R1 based on the reception signals obtained by receiving and converting the radio wave broadcasts sent from the second GPS receiver 2b. P _O1
Also, changes in the relative distances of the reference point P _R2 , the observation point P _02, and the reference point P _R2 are switchably measured, and the amount of movement of the landslide surface is calculated in accordance with the change.

Also in the case of this measuring apparatus, the GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1a connected to the antenna selectors 4a and 4b, respectively.
a ₂ and GPS antennas 1b ₁ and 1b ₂ are switched to regard their installation locations as points of change of observation points and reference points, and each GPS connected to antenna switch 4b
In addition to setting the reference points P _R1 and P _R2 , which are installation locations of either the antennas 1b ₁ and 1b _2, a pair of GPS receivers 2a,
2b can be used to measure the amount of landslide surface movement between a plurality of different points. Also with this measuring device, the GPS antennas 1a ₁ and 1 ₁ installed arbitrarily
By switching between a ₂ and the GPS antennas 1b ₁ and 1b ₂ , the installation error can be suppressed and the mechanical error can be eliminated as in the case of the above-described first embodiment.

In the measuring device of each of the above-described embodiments, any one of the receiving devices has two GPS antennas and an antenna switching device for switching them, but the number of GPS antennas is three. It may be more.

[0026]

As described above, according to the method for measuring the amount of landslide movement of the landslide according to the present invention, a plurality of GPs can be used by any one of the receiving devices including the GPS antenna and the GPS receiver.
Switching the S antenna to receive the broadcast radio wave from the GPS, that is, switching the GPS antennas around the installation position of the GPS receiver in one of the receiving devices to change the installation points of those GPS receivers. By setting the reference point, which is the installation location of the GPS antenna in the other receiving device, as one point, it is possible to accurately measure the amount of landslide surface movement between a plurality of different points using one set of GPS receivers. You will be able to do it. As a result, the problem of the installation error of the GPS antenna and the problem of the mechanical error between the GPS receivers that occur when different GPS receivers are used are remarkably improved as in the prior art.
A wide range of different locations can be used while taking advantage of the original advantage of using S (there is no restriction in line-of-sight conditions and meteorological conditions as in the case of using a conventional optical distance meter). Landslide movement on the ground surface can be easily measured with high accuracy and at low cost. Furthermore, the measuring device to which this measuring method is applied is less expensive to use and is less expensive to handle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment to which a method for measuring a landslide surface movement amount according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a measuring apparatus according to another embodiment to which the method for measuring the amount of landslide movement on the landslide of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a conventional landslide surface movement measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b, 1a ₁ , 1b ₁ , 1a ₂ , 1b ₂ GPS
Antenna 2a, 2b GPS receiver 3, 3a, 3b Information processing device 4, 4a, 4b Antenna switcher M Landslide surface M _B Landslide boundary surface P _O , P _O1 , P _O2 Observation point P _R , P _R1 , P _R2 reference point

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A GPS antenna installed separately at an observation point and a reference point included in a landslide site for radio wave broadcasting from GPS, and a G antenna connected to the GPS antenna.
When the change in the relative distance between the observation point and the reference point is measured based on the result received by the receiving device including a PS receiver and the movement amount of the landslide ground surface corresponding to the change is calculated, A method of measuring the amount of movement of the landslide surface, characterized in that the GPS antennas are installed at a plurality of different locations in at least one of the receiving devices and the plurality of GPS antennas are switched to receive the radio wave broadcast. . 2. A first GPS antenna installed at an observation point for receiving a radio wave broadcast from GPS, and the first GP.
A first receiving device composed of a first GPS receiver connected to the S antenna, a second GPS antenna installed at a reference point for receiving the radio wave broadcast, and connected to the second GPS antenna. Second receiver comprising a second GPS receiver, the first GPS receiver and the second GP
Based on the received signal obtained by receiving and converting the radio wave broadcast sent from the S receiver, the change in the relative distance between the observation point and the reference point is measured, and the amount of landslide surface movement corresponding to the change is measured. And a measuring device for measuring the amount of movement of the landslide ground surface, in which the observation point is provided at a landslide site, at least one of the first receiving device and the second receiving device is , While having a plurality of the first GPS antenna or the second GPS antenna so that it can be installed in a plurality of different locations,
A device for measuring the amount of movement of the landslide surface, comprising an antenna switch for switching the plurality of GPS antennas. 3. The apparatus for measuring the amount of landslide surface movement according to claim 2, wherein the information processing device comprises the plurality of Gs.
A device for measuring the amount of movement of the landslide surface, which transmits a switching designation signal to the antenna switching device to designate a specific one of the PS antennas for switching.