JPH08290712A - Front suspension used for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To control shimmy to improve the stability of control by combining a pair of leaf springs with a pair of air springs, and torque rods having special shape. CONSTITUTION: A front suspension 10 is fabricated from a pair of leaf springs 11, a pair of air springs 12, a pair of torque rods 13, etc., to support a front axle 33 on a frame 31. The pair of leaf springs 11 are placed by the side of the frame 31 suitably spaced apart to support the front axle 33 on the frame 31. The pair of air springs 12 are arranged outside the pair of leaf springs 11 to support the front axle 33 on the frame 31 in cooperation with the leaf springs 11. The pair of torque rods 13 are placed beside the frame 31 suitably spaced apart to connect the front axle 33 to right and left side rails 32 of the frame 31 in state where the torque rods are symmetrically narrowed backward, with the instantaneous center C placed in the rear of the axis O of the front axle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to front suspensions used in motor vehicles.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Normally, in an axle type front suspension used in an automobile by combining an air spring with a leaf spring, the lateral movement of a body is restricted by a lateral rod. The lateral rod is parallel to the front axle and above the front axle, and one end is on the frame,
Since the other end is connected to each of the front axles, the lateral rod draws an arc locus as the front wheel moves up and down, causing lateral slip between the sprung and unsprung parts. At this time, since the tire is restored by the lateral force, that is, the cornering force, is restored by the pneumatic trail, shimmy may occur on the steering wheel or the body. Furthermore, when using a single lateral rod, it is difficult to set the compliance oversteer characteristics,
Then, the left and right roll behaviors are different, and the steering stability becomes disadvantageous.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to be applied to a vehicle in which shimming is suppressed and steering stability is improved when the vehicle is subjected to disturbances when turning, and further when the front wheels move up and down. In the provision of front suspension.

[0004]

Means corresponding to the object and the operation thereof
A pair of leaf springs spaced laterally of the frame to support the front axle to the frame, and a pair of leaf springs located outside the pair of leaf springs and together with the pair of leaf springs. A pair of air springs that work to support the front axle to the frame and a rear recess that positions the instantaneous center behind the axis of the front axle, provides proper spacing in the lateral direction of the frame. Includes a pair of torque rods to place its front axle to its frame, and be restored by lateral forces when the car turns, is subject to disturbances, and the front wheels are up and down. In the direction that hinders the movement of the front wheel,
It is about to move the axle.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EXAMPLES Specific specified examples of the front suspension used in the automobile of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 schematically show an embodiment 10 of a front suspension used in a vehicle of the present invention applied to a heavy truck 30. This front suspension 10
Is a pair of leaf springs 11, 11, a pair of air springs 12, 12, and a pair of torque rods 1.
3, 13 and a pair of shock absorbers (not shown)
And a stabilizer (not shown), and is used for suspension of the body where the front axle 33 is supported by the frame 31 in the heavy-duty truck 30.

The pair of leaf springs 11, 11
Supports the front axle 33 on the frame 31 at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction of the frame 31. Specifically, the pair of leaf springs 1
1, 11 are located between the left and right side rails 32, 32 of the frame 31 and the front axle 33, and the eyes 14, 14 at the front end are connected to the side rails 32, 32 via pins. Of the side rails 32, 32 are connected to the other brackets 17, 17 of the side rails 32, 32 via shackles 18, 18. Of course, a rubber bush with a metal inner / outer tube is interposed between the eyes 14 at the front end and the pin thereof, and the eyes 15 at the rear end thereof are connected to the shackle 18 via other pins. , 18 and its rear end eye 1
Rubber bushes with other metal inner and outer cylinders are interposed between 5, 15 and the other pins. The shackle 18,
18 is also connected to its brackets 17, 17 via yet another pin. And that shackle 1
Further, another rubber bush with a metal inner / outer cylinder is interposed between the pins 8 and 18 and the pin thereof. As such, the pair of leaf springs 11, 11 assembled to the frame 31 is U-bolted to the spring seat of the front axle 33 to support the front axle 33 to the frame 31. .

The pair of air springs 12, 12
Is arranged outside the pair of leaf springs 11, 11, and the pair of leaf springs 1
1 and 11 support the front axle 33 on the frame 31. Specifically, the pair of air springs 12 and 12 are provided on the outside of the pair of leaf springs 11 and 11 via brackets 19 and 19 to the left and right side rails 32 and 32 of the frame 31 and the front thereof. Compressed air is supplied and discharged by a leveling valve (not shown) which is arranged between the axle 33 and a pipe connected to an air tank (not shown) and arranged in the middle of the pipe. By the way, it is used in combination with the pair of leaf springs 11, 11. Of course, the leveling valve has its built-in piston moved by a lever to close the exhaust port and connect the tank port to the bellows port, and also close the tank port to exhaust the bellows port to the exhaust port. Manufactured in a conventional structure that connects to the port, and is attached to a sub-frame (not shown) of the frame 31 and its lever is linked to the front axle 33 via a link and an arm. .

The brackets 19 and 19 are attached to the air springs 12 and 12 by the spring seats 2.
Manufactured in a one-arm construction with support arms 20,20 providing 1,21 and then fastened to its front axle 33 together with its leaf springs 11,11 with its U-bolts.

The pair of torque rods 13, 13 are
The frame 3 is formed by a symmetrical rear recess that positions the instantaneous center C behind the axis O of the front axle.
The front axle 33 is arranged at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction of the frame 1 on the left and right side rails 3 of the frame 31.
Connect to 2, 32. Specifically, the pair of torque
The rods 13, 13 are positioned above their front axle 33, and the eyes 22, 22 at the front end are pinned by the torque of their side rails 32, 32.
On the rod brackets 24, 24, the eye 23 at the rear end,
23 are respectively connected via pins to the other torque rod brackets 25, 25 of the front axle 33. Needless to say, a rubber bush with a metal inner / outer tube is interposed between the eye 22, 22 at the front end thereof and the eyes 23, 23 at the rear end thereof with the pin.

Next, the operation of the above-described front suspension 10 will be described with reference to the traveling of the large truck 30. Now, when the large truck 30 turns to the left, the front wheels 34, 34 are about to be restored by the lateral force F on the pneumatic trail tp, as shown in FIG. 4, but the front axle thereof is restored. 33 is its front wheels 34, 3 which are about to be restored by the lateral force F.
4 is steered in the direction that hinders the movement. As such, compliance oversteer characteristics are obtained on the front axle 33 to avoid shimmy. Further, since the pair of torque rods 13, 13 are arranged in the rear recess of the truck 30 symmetrically with respect to the vehicle center of the truck 30, the steering characteristics become equal on the left and right, and the steering operation on the truck 30 is reduced. Stability is improved.

The front suspension 10 operates in the same manner as described above when the truck 30 is subjected to a disturbance or when the front wheels 34, 34 move up and down.

As will be apparent from the specific embodiments of the invention described above with reference to the drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains have ordinary skill in the art. Is the nature of the invention (na
It is easily embodied in another embodiment that is derived from the true) and the substance, and that is objectively recognized as having them internalized. Of course, the contents of the present invention correspond to the subject of the invention (be commensu).
rate with) and is essential for the establishment of the invention.

[0013]

Benefits of the Invention As will be appreciated from the foregoing, the front suspension used in the vehicle of the present invention comprises a pair of leaves which are spaced laterally of the frame and which support the front axle on the frame.・ It is arranged outside the spring and its pair of leaf springs.
And with a pair of air springs that cooperate with the pair of leaf springs to support the front axle on the frame, and a rear recess that positions the instantaneous center behind the axis of the front axle. The front suspension used in the vehicle of the present invention has a compliance oversteer characteristic because it includes a pair of torque rods that connect the front axle to the frame at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction of the frame. When obtained, when the car turns or receives a disturbance, or when the front wheels move up and down, shimmy is avoided, and the steering characteristics are equal on the left and right, improving steering stability,
As a result, it is very useful and practical for axle type vehicles.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a specific example of a front suspension used in an automobile of the present invention applied to a heavy truck.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the front suspension shown in FIG.

3 is a schematic front view of the front suspension shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the steering of the front axle when the large truck turns.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Leaf Spring 12 Air Spring 13 Torque Rod

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pair of leaf springs for supporting the front axle on the frame at appropriate intervals in the lateral direction of the frame, and a pair of leaf springs arranged outside the pair of leaf springs. A pair of air springs that cooperate with the leaf springs to support the front axle to the frame, and a lateral recess of the frame with a rear recess that positions the instantaneous center behind the axis of the front axle. And a pair of torque rods that connect the front axle to the frame at appropriate intervals.
suspension. 2. A front suspension for use in an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the pair of torque rods are located above the front axle.