JPH08290075A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a novel crusher in which not only the material to be crushed is surely crushed and treated, but also the amount of the material charged into a hopper and treated is not greatly restricted in even the case of feeding the material having a shape incapable of crushing treatment on a crushing edge. CONSTITUTION: A crusher 1 is equipped with a hopper 2, a plurality of driving shafts 4, 5 and a plurality of crushing edges 6, 7 which are respectively fixed to the shafts 4, 5 and crush the material to be crushed. The hopper 2 is constituted by forming a feed port 2a for feeding the material to be crushed in the upper part. The driving shafts 4, 5 are fitted to the lower end or the lower part of the hopper 2 and supported so as to be freely turned by a driving means. A driving shaft 11 is fitted to the hopper 2 so as to be freely turned by the driving means. One end of a pressing plate is fixed to the driving shaft 11. The material to be crushed which is placed on a plurality of sheets of crushing edges 6, 7 is pressed in the direction of the crushing edges 6, 7 by the pressing plate. Further, the pressing plate is moved in the direction of the crushing edges 6, 7 from the position nearly parallel to the sidewall of the hopper 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for crushing an object to be crushed such as city refuse so that it can be easily incinerated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, crushed materials such as city dust that are crushed by rotating members are not only discarded (embedded) at a disposal site for disposal, but those that can be incinerated are incinerated by an incinerator such as an incinerator. It is the actual situation. However, if the city dust is put into the incinerator as it is for the incineration process, the incineration efficiency is extremely low because the surface area is small compared to the volume, and so-called bulky dust or the like is generated especially on the object to be rotated. If it contains, it cannot be incinerated efficiently.

Therefore, in order to improve the incineration efficiency of the crushed material, the crushed material is crushed by a crusher before incineration, and the crushed material is incinerated by an incinerator. Such a conventional crusher, a hopper into which the object to be crushed is charged, a plurality of drive shafts arranged below or below the hopper, and a crushing blade formed by fixing a large number of these drive shafts to each other. Is equipped with. Then, the crushed material input from the hopper is
It is cut and crushed by a large number of crushing blades which are rotated by the rotational force of the plurality of drive shafts. However, in the above-described conventional crusher, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the crushed object D fed from the hopper 101 that constitutes the crusher 100 is, for example, cylindrical, the drive shaft 102, Crushing blades 104 and 105 fixed to 103
Between the surface of the crushed object D and the crushing blades 104, 1
There is a case where 05 does not slide and cannot be crushed because it is not drawn between the crushing blades 104 and 105. Therefore, in order to eliminate such a situation, for example, the crusher 11 shown in FIG. 5 or FIG.
0,120 have been proposed. The crusher 1 shown in FIG.
An air cylinder 112 is arranged in a hopper 111, and a pressing member 113 is fixed to the tip of a cylinder rod 112a that constitutes the air cylinder 112. In this crusher 110, the crushing blades 116 and 1 fixed to the drive shafts 114 and 115 are driven by the air cylinder 112.
An object to be crushed (not shown) that cannot be crushed by 17 is to be pressed through the pressing member 113. Further, the crusher 120 shown in FIG. 6 is disposed in the hopper 121 for charging the material to be crushed (not shown), and the drive shaft 12
It is provided with a pressing member 123 which is rotationally driven by the drive of No. 2 and has a large number of engaging pieces 123a attached to the outer peripheral surface for engaging with the crushed object. In the crusher 120, the pressing member 123 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6, so that the not-shown crushed object put into the hopper 121 and the engaging piece 123 a attached to the pressing member 123. Are engaged with each other so that the object to be crushed is pushed toward the respective crushing blades 124, 125.

[0004]

However, in the crusher 110 shown in FIG. 5 described above, in the normal time when the uncrushable object to be crushed does not exist in the hopper 111, it can be thrown into the hopper 111 by the presence of the pressing member 113. The amount of the crushed object is restricted, and therefore, in order to prevent such a situation, for example, the hopper 11 is arranged so that the path until the crushed object reaches many crushing blades is oblique.
It is necessary to change the shape of No. 1 or use an extremely large air cylinder 112 to make the driving stroke of the pressing member 113 long. Further, in the crusher 120 shown in FIG. 6, the pressing member 123 is provided in the hopper 121.
As described above, the amount of the crushed material that can be put into the hopper 121 is greatly restricted, as in the crusher 110 described above.

Therefore, the present invention has been proposed to solve the problems of the above-described conventional crushing machines 100, 110, 120, and has a shape that cannot be crushed on a crushing blade. Even when an object is thrown in, not only can the crushed object be reliably crushed, but also the amount of the object to be put into the hopper is not greatly restricted. The purpose is to provide a crusher.

[0006]

The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the first invention is that the charging port for charging a crushed object is formed above. A hopper, a plurality of drive shafts disposed below or below the hopper and rotatably supported by a driving means, and a plurality of crushers for crushing the object to be crushed, which are respectively fixed to these shafts. A crusher comprising a blade, a drive shaft being rotatably provided by a drive means in the hopper, the drive shaft being mounted on the plurality of crushing blades. It is characterized in that one end of a pressing plate that presses the crushed material in the crushing blade direction and that moves in the crushing blade direction from a position substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper is fixed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the drive shaft is arranged substantially parallel to the plurality of shafts, the pressing plate has a base end fixed to the pressing plate, and the drive shaft is provided. It is characterized in that a pressing piece for pressing an object to be crushed on a crushing blade close to is fixed.

Further, in a third aspect of the invention, the drive means of the drive shaft comprises a torque motor disposed near the hopper, and the rotational force of the torque motor is transmitted to the drive shaft via a belt. It is characterized by that.

[0009]

In the crusher according to the first aspect of the invention described above, the pressing plate is rotated in the direction of the crushing blade from the vicinity of the side wall of the hopper by the rotation of the drive shaft by the driving means, so that it is positioned on the crushing blade. The object to be crushed is pressed against the crushing blade by the pressing force of the pressing plate. As a result, the object to be crushed is crushed by a large number of crushing blades. Since the pressing plate is driven in the crushing blade direction from a position substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper, in a normal time when there is no crushable object to be crushed in the hopper, it is substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper. Since it stands by at such a position, the amount of the crushed material that can be put into the hopper is not greatly restricted, and it is not necessary to change the shape of the conventional hopper.

According to the crusher of the second invention,
The pressing plate has a base end fixed to the pressing plate and a pressing piece for pressing the crushed object on the crushing blade close to the drive shaft. The object to be crushed can be pressed only on the tip side of the plate, and the situation that the base side of the pressing plate cannot be pressed can be effectively prevented.

According to the crusher of the third invention,
Since the torque motor is used as the driving means for rotating the pressing plate, the torque further increases even when the pressing plate comes into contact with the object to be crushed on the crushing blade and a large load is applied. As compared with the case of using another ordinary motor, it is possible to effectively prevent a situation in which the crusher stops or is damaged.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the crusher 1 has a hopper 2 into which an object to be crushed is charged, a shaft support member 3 disposed below the hopper 2, and a shaft support member 3 thereof. One and the other drive shafts 4 and 5 are rotatably supported by the shaft, and a large number of crushing blades 6 and 7 fixed to the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5.

The hopper 2 is formed by forming a vertical cross-section into a substantially inverted trapezoidal shape. The hopper 2 has a charging port 2a for charging a material to be crushed formed on the upper side and a shaft for the lower side. An opening 2b communicating with the support member 3 is formed. Further, flanges 2c and 2d are formed on the upper end and the lower end of the hopper 2, respectively. In addition, on the lower end side of the inner side surface of the left side plate 2e forming the hopper 2, the first pressing portion 2 of the pressing piece 21 forming the pressing member 20 described later.
The base end of the contact piece 2f with which the tip of 1a abuts is welded. Further, the shaft support member 3 is the hopper 2
The flange portion 2d formed on the above is placed, and as described above, the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5 are rotatably supported. Flange portions 3a and 3b are also formed on the upper and lower ends of the shaft support member 3, and the hopper 2 and the shaft support member 3 are formed on the flange 2d formed on the hopper 2 and the shaft support member 3. The formed flange 3a is fixed to each other by being joined and fixed. In addition, this shaft support member 3
The one and the other drive shafts 4, which are supported by
5 are arranged parallel to each other, and a large number of crushing blades 6 and 7 are fixed to the drive shafts 4 and 5, respectively.
Each crushing blade 6 and 7 has a crushing section 6 for cutting a crushed object.
a and 7a are formed. The left and right side walls 3c and 3d of the shaft support member 3 are fixed with stripping claws 9 and 10 having tips projecting between the crushing blades 6 and 6 and between the crushing blades 7 and 7, respectively. There is. Further, the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5 are configured to be respectively rotated or reversely rotated in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1 by a drive motor (not shown) provided with a rotation control device.

A drive shaft 11 constituting the present invention is rotatably disposed in the hopper 2 and in the vicinity of the right side wall 2g forming the hopper 2.
A pressing member 20 described below is fixed to the.
The drive shaft 11 is arranged in parallel with the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5. One end is fixed to the outside of the hopper 2 via a bearing support member 12, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. One of the bearings 13 is also rotatably supported at the other end thereof by the other bearing 15 fixed on a mounting plate 14 also provided outside the hopper 2. A torque motor 16 that is a driving unit is fixed to the mounting plate 14 along with the other bearing 15 and the drive shaft 16 that constitutes the torque motor 16 is fixed.
a and the drive shaft 11 constituting the present invention are the belt 1
7 are linked together. The torque motor 16
As will be described later, the driving of the crushing blades 6 and 7 is configured to be driven by the operation of a switch (not shown) when the uncrushed objects to be crushed remain on the crushing blades 6 and 7.
One and the other drive shafts 4, 5 to which 7 is fixed
It may be configured to be automatically driven by the torque resistance of a drive motor (not shown) that drives the.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pressing member 20 is formed into a rectangular shape and is a flat plate 21 as a pressing plate which constitutes the present invention (the invention described in claim 1), and the flat plate 21. 1 is formed by being fixed to both ends of the back surface of the flat plate 21 and having their base ends welded to the drive shaft 11 by flat plate supporting members 22 and 23. As shown in FIG. 2, a first pressing portion 21a having a back surface welded to the flat plate 21 and a second pressing portion formed integrally with the first pressing portion 21a and bent from substantially the center of the flat plate 21. And a part 21b. The second pressing portion 21b is a pressing piece that constitutes the present invention (the invention described in claim 2).

According to the crusher 1 of the present embodiment having the above-described structure, the pressing member 20 positioned substantially parallel to the right side wall 2g forming the hopper 2 is shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. When there is an object to be crushed on the crushing blades 6 and 7, a switch operation (not shown) or a torque resistance of the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5 automatically causes the crushed blades to be broken as shown in FIGS. The torque motor 16 shown in FIG. 1 is driven, and the torque motor 16 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 1 to reach the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 1 (the position in contact with the contact piece 2f). The crushed object that is not crushed is pressed between the crushing blades 6 and 7. As a result, the crushed object is crushed by the crushing blades 6 and 7. That is, the crushable objects (not shown) located on the crushing blades 6 and 7 that cannot be crushed are the first pressing portion 21a and the second pressing portion 21a.
The crushing blades 6 and 7 are forcibly pressed against the crushing blades 6 and 7 by the pressing portion 21b, whereby the crushing processing is surely performed. In particular,
Since the second pressing portion 21b is formed on the front surface of the flat plate 21 that constitutes the pressing member 20 according to the present embodiment, the drive shaft 11 is slightly separated from the position where the other drive shaft 5 is disposed. Therefore, even if the base end side of the flat plate 21 and the crushing blade 7 are separated from each other by slightly inclining the flat plate 21, the first pressing piece constituting the present invention (the invention according to claim 2). The crushing object is surely pressed by the 2 pressing portion 21b toward the crushing blade 7 and crushed. The pressing member 2
After the object to be crushed is crushed by driving 0, the operator automatically operates a switch (not shown) or the torque resistance of the one and the other drive shafts 4 and 5 is automatically detected.
It returns to the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.

Since the pressing member 20 is configured to be driven by the torque motor 16, the pressing member 20 comes into contact with the crushed objects on the crushing blades 6 and 7, and a large load is applied. Even in such a case, the torque further increases, so that it is possible to effectively prevent a situation in which the crusher 1 is stopped or damaged, as compared with the case where another normal motor is used. In the above embodiment, the first
Of the above-mentioned torque motor 16 as a driving means constituting the invention of
However, in the crusher according to at least the first invention, not only the crusher that uses the torque motor 16 but also a normal motor or a hydraulic or air cylinder as long as the pressing plate can be rotated is used. It may be configured.

As is clear from the above description of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the crusher of the present invention, the drive shaft is rotated by the drive means in the crushing blade direction from the vicinity of the side wall of the hopper. Since the pressing plate rotates, the object to be crushed located on the crushing blade is pressed against the crushing blade by the pressing force of the pressing plate. As a result, the object to be crushed is crushed by a large number of crushing blades. Since the pressing plate is driven in the crushing blade direction from a position substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper, in a normal time when there is no crushable object to be crushed in the hopper, it is substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper. Since it stands by at such a position, the amount of the crushed material that can be put into the hopper is not greatly restricted, and it is not necessary to change the shape of the conventional hopper.

According to the crusher of the second invention,
The pressing plate has a base end fixed to the pressing plate and a pressing piece for pressing the crushed object on the crushing blade close to the drive shaft. The object to be crushed can be pressed only on the tip side of the plate, and the situation that the base side of the pressing plate cannot be pressed can be effectively prevented.

According to the crusher of the third invention,
Since the torque motor is used as the driving means for rotating the pressing plate, the torque further increases even when the pressing plate comes into contact with the object to be crushed on the crushing blade and a large load is applied. As compared with the case of using another ordinary motor, it is possible to effectively prevent a situation in which the crusher stops or is damaged.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a main part of a crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the crusher shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the crusher shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional crusher and showing a state in which an uncrushed object to be crushed is located on a crushing blade.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view showing a main part of a conventional crusher having a pressing member attached thereto.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a main part of an article in which another pressing member is attached to a conventional crusher.

[Description of sign]

 1 Crusher 2 Hopper 2a Input port 4 One drive shaft 5 The other drive shaft 6 Crushing blade 7 Crushing blade 11 Drive shaft 16 Torque motor 20 Pressing member 21 Flat plate 21a 1st pressing part 21b 2nd pressing part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A hopper having an input port through which an object to be crushed is input is formed, and a plurality of drive shafts which are disposed at a lower end of or below the hopper and are rotatably supported by drive means. A crusher having a plurality of crushing blades each fixed to these shafts for crushing the object to be crushed, wherein a drive shaft is rotatably provided in the hopper by drive means. The drive shaft pushes the objects to be crushed placed on the plurality of crushing blades in the crushing blade direction and moves in the crushing blade direction from a position substantially parallel to the side wall of the hopper. A crusher characterized in that one end of is fixed. 2. The crushing blade, wherein the drive shaft is disposed substantially parallel to the plurality of shafts, and the pressing plate has a base end fixed to the pressing plate and is close to the drive shaft. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein a pressing piece for pressing the crushed object is fixed. 3. The drive means for driving the drive shaft is a torque motor arranged near the hopper, and the rotational force of the torque motor is transmitted to the drive shaft via a belt. The crusher according to claim 1.