JPH08289695A - Cultivation-type ultrahigh fish reef and artificial reef utilizing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an ultrahigh fish reef capable of being set in a highly deep undersea area by a usual floating crane. CONSTITUTION: More than three pieces of towerlike structural materials 19 to 21 are combined on an upper side of a structural base material 18 prepared by piling a block with steel materials, etc., to form an ultrahigh fish reef 12 of 35m high as a whole, a horseshoe-shaped horizontal structural material 20 is crosslinked so as intermediate parts of the towerlike structural materials 19 to 21 to be connected, an opened part 46 into which a top end of a crane boom 45 is penetrable is placed along a height direction on one side of the towerlike structural material and pseudo-rocks 44 as adherent substrates are stuck on outside faces of the horizontal structural material 20. The fish reef can be pulled up by a usual crane because of the existence of the opened part 46, and a field for spawning and conservation/nursery even in a middle layer region or a high layer region can be provided by the pseudo-rocks 44.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a culture type high-rise fish reef installed at a relatively deep place in a coastal area and an artificial reef using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in fishery development projects,
The promotion of fisheries from “fish harvesting” to “fisheries fostering breeding” has been promoted, and the main one is the installation of artificial reefs as facilities for the development of fishing grounds and marine ranches. Fish reefs that use these artificial reefs will exert their shadowing effect, food effect, swirl / upwelling effect, escape area effect, etc., and the gathering effect of the school of fish will be exerted to form a new fishing ground. become.

FIG. 6 is an external view of a conventional fish reef group. This reef group 1 has unit reefs 2 and 3 of 200 m to 30 m respectively.
A minimum fishing ground in a range of 0 m is created, and a bulky single fish reef 2a is arranged as a central unit reef 2 and a plurality of low-rise single fish reefs 3a are arranged as surrounding unit reefs 3. The high-rise fish reef as described above may be used as such a unit reef.

[0004]

By the way, it is considered that a super high-rise fish reef having a height of 20 m or more is effective in a relatively deep part of the coastal area.
Due to the following construction problems, only those with a height of up to 20 m have been put into practical use, and have not yet satisfied the demand requirements. In other words, conventional reefs up to a height of 20 m can be easily constructed with ordinary crane vessels in port and harbor projects, but construction (loading and installation) of super-high-rise reefs exceeding 20 m in height is generally required. In addition, since the length (height) of the hoist boom is required, a specially large hoist ship (such as a salvage ship) is required.

[0005] However, special large-sized hoisting vessels such as salvage vessels are rarely held in Japan, and are not always located near the installation area, and often require long-distance round trips. In addition, it may be difficult to use the above-mentioned special large-sized hoist ship for fishing ground maintenance projects due to the location of on-shore production and assembly, the size of the quay of the loading port, and the water depth restrictions. Therefore, in the coastal fishing ground development projects carried out all over the country, it was practically difficult to utilize the special large hoist ship which has many restrictions.

Further, in constructing a marine ranch or the like, it is necessary to create not only a conventional fishing-type artificial reef but also a resource-cultured artificial reef. However, there is only a low-rise type used in shallow coastal areas, and it is desired that it can be applied to a high-rise fish reef that is installed at a relatively deep place in the coastal area. That is,
It is desirable to provide artificial fish reefs that have a culture effect in the middle or surface layer as a spawning area or a conservation and breeding area for larvae in such coastal areas, but until now, these artificial fish reefs have never existed. is there.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a super-high-rise fish reef which can be installed at a relatively deep place in the coastal area with an ordinary hoist ship and has a culturing effect, and an artificial reef using the same. It is something to offer.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the culture type super high-rise fish reef according to the present invention, a structure base body made of steel or the like having a gathering space inside, and an intermediate in the height direction thereof. It is provided with two or more tower-like structures mounted on the upper side, and an opening is provided along the height direction of the tower-like structures to allow the tip of the crane boom to enter. At the bottom, a lifting hook is fixed to which the lifting rope automatically detaches after landing on the seabed.

Here, as a relatively deep part of the coastal area, a sea area with a water depth of 60 m or more is assumed, and the height of a super-high-rise fish reef in this sea area is assumed to be at least 20 m or more. Desirably, the height is 20 to 50 m. This is because if the artificial fish reef is higher than this, it will become unstable due to tidal current when the artificial fish reef is installed on the seabed.

Since the crane boom of an ordinary hoist ship has a length of 40 m or less, when hoisting a super high-rise fish reef of, for example, 40 m with this ordinary hoist boom, it is best to hoist it at a height approximately in the middle of the fish reef height. desirable. However, when the structure is made of steel or the like and reaches the upper end, the tip of the crane boom does not enter between the structures. For this reason, the upper part of the reef is formed as a plurality of tower-like structures, and an opening is formed between the tower-like structures so that the crane boom can enter. In order to form the entry space of the crane boom, at least two tower structures should be installed, and
Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a structure in which two or more mounting structures are installed.

Also, in the middle or upper part of this column-shaped structure, it is desired to provide an epiphytic substrate for aquatic products, as a seaweed bed or spawning ground, or to form a gathering space for larvae and larvae inside the corridor or outside. There is a request. Therefore, in the present invention, there are provided two or more tower-like structures and a horizontal structure erected between the tower structures, and at least one outer surface of the horizontal structure and the tower structure is provided on the outer surface. It adopts a configuration in which artificial rock, which is an epidermal substrate for aquatic products, is attached. In addition, it is preferable that the effect is more expected to be attached to the pseudo rock on the horizontal structure that exhibits the effect of a hidden place.

When hoisting a fish reef with the crane boom of the above-mentioned ordinary hoisting ship while installing this horizontal structure, the horizontal structure may prevent the crane boom from entering. It is desired to be installed in a form that allows intrusion. For example, when crossing a horizontal structure between two tower-shaped structures,
It must be performed in a form detouring into a U-shape in plan view. Also,
When three or more board-like structures are erected and a horizontal structure is inserted between them, it is necessary to form an opening having no horizontal structure between at least two board-like structures (FIG. 3). reference).

Although various materials such as concrete, steel or FRP can be considered for the fish reef components such as the structure base and the column-shaped structure, the weight is reduced by lifting with a crane boom and the removal of badly adhered organisms. Considering the conditions such as performance and securing a gathering space, it is desirable that the product is made of steel.
However, in consideration of the stability and the like, a structure using a concrete plate and a composite material of steel and concrete may be used at the bottom of the structure. Further, FRP may be used for the purpose of partially reducing the weight.

The horizontal structure is constructed of a steel block in a lattice or truss shape so as to exhibit a fish-collecting effect and a shading effect. Cement mortar (for example, GRC, etc.), mortar, or FRP reinforced with fibers
By forming an epiphytic substrate with a rough surface resembling a rock surface, it will create an attachment and habitat for aquatic products, and as a seaweed bed and spawning ground, or in an internal corridor or outside, a gathering space for larvae and fry Is formed. Therefore, it is possible to culture the aquatic product in the middle and surface layers of the fish reef.

[0015] As described above, in the case of a cultured fish reef, it is necessary to increase the basic productivity of the ocean. Since the basal productivity is determined by the amount of phytoplankton, it is desirable to push up nutrients on the sea floor to the surface layer by eddy current or upwelling and culture phytoplankton by photosynthesis. Therefore, also in this invention, in order to generate upwelling current,
An upwelling flow generating plate was provided.

The upwelling flow generating plate may be attached to the outer surface of the structural body. However, if it is attached to the outer surface, the upwelling current may not be generated due to the flow of the tidal current. Upwelling may occur around the area. Therefore, in the present invention, the upwelling flow generation plate is erected in the gathering space portion at the center bottom of the structure base to generate upwelling flow at the center of the structure.

Such a super-high-rise reef can be used as a unit reef and can form a minimum fishing ground by itself. However, if this is combined with a middle- and low-rise reef in a multimodal manner to form a reef colony, It can be constructed as an artificial reef with the culture effect.

[0018]

As described above, the tower-like structure is mounted above the middle of the structure base in the height direction, and one side surface of the tower-like structure is provided with an opening which is open in the height direction. The tip of the crane boom of the conventional ordinary hoist ship, whose hoist boom is shorter than the height of the high-rise fish reef assembled at the quay, can be tilted between the tower structures through the open part of the tower structure. Put it on the hook for lifting the structure and lift it,
Can be put on a hoist ship. Therefore, the installation work for each area using the ordinary hoist can be easily performed.

When the ultra-high-rise fish reef on a normal hoist ship is transported to a relatively deep installation site in the coastal area and hung down in the sea, the rope automatically moves from the structure-raising hook at the bottom of the ship, as before. It can be installed separately.

In the middle of the superstructure of the high-rise fish reef or in the horizontal structure of the superstructure, there is provided a pseudo-rock-formed substructure or horizontal structure serving as an epithelial substrate for aquatic products. Alternatively, the culturing effect of the marine product can be exerted even on the surface layer.

[0021] When the high-rise fish reef, the middle-rise fish reef and the low-rise fish reef are combined in a multimodal and dense state, an artificial reef close to a natural reef can be constructed, and the "fishery for making and raising" can be promoted. Becomes

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment in which the high-rise fish reef of the present invention is used for an artificial reef, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view thereof. 1 and 2, a culture-type artificial reef 11 is a high-rise single reef 12,
Medium single reefs 13, 14, 15 and low single reefs 16,
17 are provided.

The high-rise simple reef 12 has a height of 20 m or more, which is arranged in the central portion of the artificial reef 11, and its structure is a structure base 18 and three tower-like structures above it. 1
9 and a horizontal structure 20 having a lateral spread on the upper side thereof
And three board-like structures 21 arranged above the horizontal structure 20.

In the single-layer reefs 13, 14 and 15 in the middle layer, there are scattered around the artificial reef 11, and about four in the high-layer single reef 12 and the surroundings. Single reef 1 in each middle layer
3, 14 and 15 are made of various materials, such as those composed of steel material blocks 23 and those composed of concrete blocks 24 stacked or combined with concrete panels 25, like the high-rise single reef 12 described above. Can be configured. The height of the middle reefs 13, 14, and 15 is 5m
Those with a height of ~ 12 m are used.

Further, single reef 15 low rise is of the 10 air m ³ made following concrete block, cylindrical, prismatic shape, etc., using a variety of shapes, these high-rise, single middle reef Place them in a dense state between them.

The size of the dense multimodal artificial reefs 11 is set to a radius of about 35 m to 50 m, and the total size is 1
It has a capacity of 30,000 m ³ or more. The range indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 2 is the range of artificial reefs.

In this manner, as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 1, the artificial reef 11 is formed in a form close to a natural reef with many undulations, and has many hidden places, and also functions as an spawning ground because of the many irregularities. However, it is possible to form one ecosystem that could not be achieved by the conventional unit fish reef and artificial reef.

Next, a super-high-rise fish reef used as the high-rise single reef 12 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a super-high-rise fish reef according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an upwelling flow generating device arranged at the center of a structural base, and FIG.

As described above, the super high-rise fish reef 12 has the structure base 18, the mounting structures 19 and 21, and the horizontal structure 20.
It has and. The structure base 18 is formed by welding steel and steel blocks 31 together to form a large number of multifaceted lattice-shaped collecting spaces 32. The lower structure 33 formed in a shape and the central portion of the upper surface thereof are combined and welded with the steel material and the steel material block 34 in the same manner as above, and one side is about 7.5.
and a prismatic upper structure 35 having a height of 9 m. Hoisting hooks 35a are welded to the upper structure 35 at its four upper corners.

The lower boarding structure 19 includes a steel block 36.
3 pieces with a height of 13.5 m, which are welded together in the shape of a prism.
Used for books. On the other hand, the upper tower-shaped structure 21 is the pipe 3
A ring-shaped iron plate 39 is welded and fixed in multiple stages to the outer surface of the base 7 via a rib 38, and a plurality of fishing net intrusion prevention rods 40 are arranged in the vertical direction on the outer surface. The upper tower-shaped structure 21 has a length of about 10 m, which is longer than the others, and is arranged in the center, and two 6.7 m-high ones are arranged on both sides of the structure. It is configured. The upper parts of the upper mounting structures 21 are connected to each other by a connecting steel material 41, and the lower end of the upper mounting structures 21 is welded and fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal structure 20.

The horizontal structure 20 is formed by welding together steel blocks 42 and is formed into a horseshoe shape in plan view. An iron plate 43 is attached to the upper and outer surfaces thereof, and a pseudo rock 44 is formed on the surface by GRC. It was done. Therefore, due to the formation of the pseudo rock 44, an epiphytic substrate can be formed even in a super-high-rise fish reef or in the middle or near the high-rise reef, and functions as a seaweed bed, an egg laying ground, and a gathering space. In addition, since a corridor-shaped collecting space is formed inside by combining the steel block 2, it is possible to provide an optimum place for protection and breeding of larvae.

Further, since the horizontal structure 20 has a horseshoe shape, one side between the three tower structures 19 and 21 is open, and this portion extends along the height direction of the tower structure 20. Opening 4 into which the tip of the crane boom 45 can enter
It functions as 6, and construction such as transportation and installation can be performed with a normal hoist.

Further, the lower structure 33 of the structure base 18
The upwelling flow generator 47 is provided at the center of the.
As shown in FIG. 4, the upwelling generator 47 has a upwelling generator 48 made of a concrete panel, which is erected in a cross shape above a steel block 49, and fixed by a steel holder 50. Therefore, when the fish reef 12 is installed on the seabed, an upwelling current can be generated for a tidal current in any direction.

Next, based on FIG. 5, the above-mentioned ultra high-rise fish reef 1
2 will be described. The assembly of the super high-rise fish reef 12 is roughly divided into a factory manufacturing process and an on-site assembly process on the quay. Since it is desired to simplify the on-site assembly as much as possible, the steel block 3
Weld and assemble 1, 34, 42 etc. and transport them to the site.

In the initial assembly process at the site, first, the upwelling flow generator 47, the tower-like structure 19, and the horizontal structure 20 are individually assembled. In the intermediate assembly process, the lower structure 33
, The upper structure 35 and the lower boarding structure 19, and the horizontal structure 20 and the upper boarding structure 21 are each assembled using a crane truck. In the final assembly process,
Upper structure 3 with lower structure 33 and lower mounting structure 19
After assembling 5 and 5 using a crane vehicle, the horizontal structure 20 and the upper structure 21 are combined to complete the super high-rise fish reef 12 having a height of 35 m as a whole.

When this super-high-rise fish reef 12 is lifted and transported by an ordinary hoist ship shorter than its height as shown in FIG.
The crane boom 45 of the conventional ordinary hoist ship is made to enter from the open portion 46 of the high-rise fish reef 12 placed on the quay. Although the length of the crane boom 45 is 40 m or less, the tip of the crane boom 45 can be made to penetrate into the opening 46 between the tower structures 19 and 21, and the lifting hook is hung on the wire 54 of the crane boom 45. As a result, the fish reef 12 can be stably lifted, and can be loaded from the quay into an ordinary hoist ship.
After the loading, the fish reef 12 is transported to a deep water area, suspended, and installed on the sea floor.

As described above, the assembly of the high-rise fish reef 12 is as follows.
It can be easily assembled locally, and since the space between the column-shaped structures is open 46, the super high-rise fish reef 12 higher than the length of the crane boom 45 can be installed on a special large hoist ship (salvage ship, etc.). It can be easily installed without using.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the super-high-rise reef according to the present invention, an opening is provided along the height of the tower-like structure so that the tip of the crane boom can enter. Construction such as transportation and installation is possible with ordinary hoists.

Further, since a pseudo-rock which serves as a growth substrate for aquatic products is provided on the outer surface of at least one of the horizontal structure and the columnar structure, the spawning ground and the space for protecting and raising fry and larvae are formed in the middle layer or the surface layer. Therefore, it is possible to provide the optimum super high-rise fish reef as a culture-type artificial reef.

In addition, since the upwelling flow generating plate is erected in the central gathering space of the structure base, the upwelling current is reliably generated, and the fish collecting effect can be increased. In addition, by constructing an artificial reef by combining this cultured ultra-high-rise fish reef with lower and lower middle- and low-rise fish reefs to construct an artificial reef, it is possible to create a fishing ground that also has a culture function.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment in which the super high-rise fish reef of the present invention is used as an artificial reef.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a high-rise fish reef according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an upwelling flow generating plate disposed at the center of the lower structure base;

[Fig. 5] Assembly process drawing of ultra high-rise fish reef

[Fig. 6] External view of conventional fish reefs

[Explanation of symbols]

 12 Ultra-high-rise fish reef 18 Structure base material 19, 21 Tower structure 33 Lower structure 35 Upper structure 35a Lifting hook 44 Pseudo-rock 46 Opening part 47 Upwelling generator 48 Upwelling plate

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Yuji Iida 1-16-1 Funamachi, Taisho-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Nakayama Steel Works, Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeo Suenari 7-16-3, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Nippon Steel Building Materials Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Koichi Kimura, 1-3-3 Nishikujo 1-3-3, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hirowa Co., Ltd. In the laboratory

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An ordinary hoist ship, which comprises a structural base made of steel or the like having a collection space inside, and two or more tower-shaped structures mounted above the middle in the height direction thereof. As possible, an opening is provided through which the tip of the crane boom can enter along the height direction of the tower-shaped structure,
A culture-type ultra-high-rise fish reef with a height of 20 m or more, in which a lifting hook is fixedly installed at the bottom of the tower structure. 2. A structure base made of steel or the like having a collection space inside, two or more tower-like structures mounted above the middle in the height direction, and between the tower-like structures. A culture-type super high layer having a height of 20 m or more, which is provided with a erected horizontal structure, and a pseudo rock that is an epiphytic substrate for aquatic matter is attached to the outer surface of at least one of the horizontal structure and the columnar structure. Fish reef. 3. The culture-type super high-rise fish reef according to claim 1, wherein an upwelling flow generation plate is erected in the central collecting space of the structure substrate. 4. A culture-type artificial reef comprising a combination of the culture-type super high-rise fish reef according to claim 1, 2 or 3 and a lower middle-layer fish reef and a lower-layer fish reef, which are lower in height.