JPH08284140A - Excavation device and pipe jacking method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To carry out an accurate directional control and dispense with an arrival shaft, by constituting the pipe jacking device with a shield body, an excavator, an outer cylinder, a thrust transmitter, and a transmitting member of the drawing force and giving the thrust force to the outer cylinder with the jacking device and advancing the subsequent pipe of the outer cylinder and then drawing back the excavator to the shaft after completion of the work. CONSTITUTION: The outer cylinder B of an excavating machine A is thrusted by a jacking device installed in a start shaft. Then a pushing ring is positioned to contact the rear end of a tail casing 22 to thrust it and the cutter head 8 is set to contact the ground and rotated while supplying muddy water to the excavating chamber 6 to thrust the excavating device A and the outer cylinder B into the ground. After completion of excavating works, a pipe 28 is connected to the rear end of the tail casing 22 and a PC bar is connected to the bracket 12 of the tail shield 2 for further excavation. When the piping length has reached a preset length, the transmitting part C is disconnected and drawing force is actuated to retract the excavating machine A. In this way, the direction is accurately controlled owing to the relative bending of the casings 21, 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excavation device for continuously propelling a plurality of pipes in the ground, and a propulsion method for propelling a plurality of pipes and then returning only the excavator to a starting shaft. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In some cases, a plurality of pipes are continuously propelled, and a pipe line composed of these pipes is used as a sewer pipe line, an electric wire or a communication line. When laying such a pipeline, a propulsion method called a semi-shielding method is often used.

In the above-mentioned propulsion method, a starting shaft and an arrival shaft are constructed on a planned line for laying a preset pipeline, and the excavator and the pipe following the excavator are propelled by a pusher installed in the starting shaft. It is carried out by doing. When the excavator placed at the top arrives at the arrival shaft, a pipeline consisting of a plurality of pipes is laid between the starting shaft and the arrival shaft, and the excavator is removed from the arrival shaft to the ground.

The excavator used in the above construction method has a shield main body having a cutter head at the tip, and a tail shield having a motor for rotating the cutter head and devices for controlling the propulsion direction. The shield main body and the tail shield are connected via a plurality of hydraulic jacks and rods. Then, when the excavator propelled by the original pushing device is displaced from the planned laying line, the hydraulic jack is operated according to the amount of deviation to control the direction so as to match the planned laid line. The pipe is aligned with the planned laying line.

Further, the pipe to be buried follows the tail shield so as to come into direct or indirect contact with the tail shield, and a push wheel of an original pushing device is brought into contact with the tail shield to propel the pipe, so that the pipe is passed through the continuous pipe. The thrust is transmitted to the excavator.

The above-mentioned propulsion method propels the excavator from the starting shaft to the arrival shaft and also propels a plurality of pipes following the excavator, and when the excavator arrives at the arrival shaft, a preset schedule is set. The pipe is buried along the line. That is, in the propulsion method, it is essential to construct the starting shaft and the arrival shaft in advance. The starting shaft requires a space where equipment such as a pusher and equipment for removing excavated earth and sand can be installed and a space where pipes can be supplied to the pusher. Space is needed to eliminate the excavator and to perform this task. Therefore, there is a problem that the pipe cannot be buried if the arrival shaft cannot be constructed due to the surrounding circumstances.

However, a propulsion method has also been developed in which an excavator and a pipe are propelled without constructing an arrival shaft and only the excavator is pulled back to the starting shaft when the pipe reaches a planned length. For example, in the method for laying a drainage pipeline (patent application No. 4-108392) developed by the applicant of the present invention and already applied for a patent, a perforated pipe is arranged on the outer circumference of the excavator, and a sheath pipe is followed by the excavator. In addition, the perforated pipe is followed by a perforated pipe having the same length as the sheath pipe, and the excavator and the perforated pipe or the sheath pipe and the perforated pipe are simultaneously propelled. It is to pull it back to the starting shaft.

[0008]

Recently, due to surrounding circumstances, an arriving shaft for manholes or the like has been constructed in advance, or pipes have been laid to construct pipes such as sewer pipes and electric conduit pipes without constructing arriving shafts. Required to do so. In order to satisfy this requirement, it is indispensable to control the propulsion direction of the excavator extremely accurately and to pull the excavator back to the starting shaft side after the excavator arrives at the arrival shaft or the expected arrival shaft.

The technique of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 4-108392 aims at laying a drainage pipeline for ground improvement in the ground, and even if the laid pipeline does not maintain straightness. Can achieve the purpose. For this reason, the pipeline may be slightly displaced from the planned line, and control of the propulsion direction is not specifically considered. That is, although the excavator used in this technique is configured to be capable of controlling the direction, since the perforated pipe disposed on the outer periphery of the excavator has the same length as the excavator, the direction of the excavator is practically limited. There is no control. Therefore, there is a problem in that this technology cannot be adopted as a propulsion method when laying a pipeline having a small deviation with respect to the planned laying line.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for an excavation device that can perform accurate direction control and can be pulled back when the laid pipe reaches a predetermined length, and an arrival shaft using this excavation device. It is to provide a propulsion method.

[0011]

In order to solve the above problems, an excavation device according to the present invention is an excavator having a shield body and a tail shield which are connected to each other in a refractable manner to control a propulsion direction, and the shield. An outer cylinder having a front casing arranged on the outer periphery of the main body and a tail casing arranged on the outer periphery of the tail shield, which is bent with refraction of the excavator, and connects the excavator and the outer cylinder. The thrust force transmitting member transmits a thrust acting on the outer cylinder to the excavator, and a pulling force transmitting member connected to the excavator and transmitting a pulling force to the excavator.

In the above-described excavator, the shield body of the excavator and the front casing of the outer cylinder are connected via a shear pin that is sheared when a shearing force of a predetermined value or more acts, and the tail shield of the excavator is also connected. It is preferable that the tail casing of the outer cylinder is connected via a thrust transmission member, and the front casing and the tail casing are movably connected via a water blocking material. It is preferable that the inner peripheral surface of is formed as a taper surface having an outward opening.

Further, in the propulsion method according to the present invention, a thrust is applied to the outer cylinder constituting the excavation device by the original pushing device installed in the vertical shaft so as to propel the excavation device and the pipe after the outer cylinder. After propelling a predetermined number of pipes, the excavator forming the excavation device is pulled back to the vertical shaft.

In the above propulsion method, when the excavator forming the excavator is pulled back to the shaft, the excavator is disengaged from the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder constitutes a part of the pipe buried in the ground. Is preferred.

[0015]

In the excavation device described above, the front casing constituting the outer cylinder is arranged on the outer periphery of the shield body of the excavator having the shield body and the tail shield that are connected to each other so that the outer cylinder is disposed on the outer periphery of the tail shield. A tail shield is provided, and a pulling force transmitting member that transmits the pulling force to the excavating machine is connected to the excavating machine and the excavating machine by a thrust transmitting member that transmits the thrust acting on the outer cylinder to the excavating machine. Since it is configured to be connected to the excavator, when a thrust is applied to the outer cylinder or a pipe that follows the outer cylinder, this thrust is transmitted to the excavator via the thrust transmission member to simultaneously propel the excavator and the outer cylinder.

When a displacement in the propulsion direction occurs due to the propulsion of the excavator and the outer cylinder, the shield body and the tail shield are refracted in accordance with the deviation, and the front casing forming the outer cylinder is accompanied by the refraction. And the tail casing also bends. Therefore, it is possible to control the direction of the excavator. Then, the connection between the outer cylinder and the excavator by the thrust transmission member is released and the extraction force is transmitted to the excavation machine through the extraction force transmission member, whereby the excavation machine can be pulled back.

Particularly, the shield main body of the excavator and the front casing of the outer cylinder are connected by a shear pin that is sheared when a shearing force of a predetermined value or more is applied, and the tail shield of the excavator and the tail casing of the outer cylinder are transmitted with thrust. If the front casing and the tail casing are movably connected to each other via the water blocking member, the outer cylinder can smoothly follow the refraction of the machine due to the direction control. Further, when the excavator is propelled without the front casing coming off the shield body, and when the excavator is pulled back, the front casing comes into contact with the tail casing and shearing force acts on the shear pin,
Since the pin is sheared when the shearing force exceeds a predetermined value, the excavator can be pulled back.

When the inner peripheral surface of the outer casing near the tip of the front casing is formed into a taper surface that opens outward,
With the propulsion of the excavator, the tip portion of the front casing moves forward so as to pierce the ground, and the propulsion property can be improved.

Further, in the above-mentioned propulsion method, the thruster is applied to the outer cylinder of the excavator by the source pusher installed in the starting shaft to propel the excavator and the outer cylinder, and further the pipe following the outer cylinder. However, when a predetermined number of pipes are propelled, the target machine can be buried by pulling back the excavator forming the excavation device to the starting shaft and leaving the predetermined number of pipes in the ground.

Further, in the above-mentioned propulsion method, when the excavator forming the excavator is pulled back to the starting shaft, the excavator is disengaged from the outer cylinder, and a part of the pipe buried in the ground by the detached outer cylinder. Can be configured.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Examples of the excavation device and examples of the propulsion method will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a sectional view of the excavation device, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of arrow II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is III-II in FIG.
1 sectional view, FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line IV of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the propulsion method, and is a view showing a state in which the excavation device is propelled to a predetermined position, and FIG. 6 is a procedure for pulling back the excavator. Figure to
FIG. 7: is a figure explaining the procedure which pulls back an excavator.

First, the structure of the excavation device will be described with reference to FIGS. The excavation device includes an excavator A configured to control the propulsion direction, an outer cylinder B disposed on the outer periphery of the excavator A, an outer cylinder B that connects the excavator A and the outer cylinder B, and an outer cylinder B.
Force transmitting member C for transmitting the thrust force applied to the excavator A to the excavator A
And a pulling force transmitting member D that is connected to the excavator A and transmits a pulling force to the excavator A.

The excavator A is constructed by connecting the shield body 1 and the tail shield 2 with a plurality of direction control jacks 3 and rods 4, and drives or pushes and pulls the plurality of direction control jacks 3 independently or simultaneously. By doing so, the shield body 1 and the tail shield 2 are relatively refracted, and by propelling in this state, the propelling direction can be controlled. The rear end side of the shield body 1 is movably fitted to the front end side of the tail shield 2.

A partition wall 5 is provided at a predetermined position on the rear end side of the shield body 1, a soil cutting chamber 6 is formed on the front side (left side in FIG. 1) of the partition wall 5, and the rear side of the partition wall 5 ( Figure 1
(In the right side of FIG. 2) and inside the tail shield 2, an in-machine room 7 is formed. A cutter head 8 and a cone rotor 9 are arranged in the earth cutting chamber 6, and a motor 10 for driving the cutter head 7, an optical system 11 for monitoring deviation of the excavator A from a planned laying line, and other Instruments are arranged.

A bracket 12 is provided at the rear end of the tail shield 2.
The thrust transmission member C and the extraction force transmission member D are arranged on the bracket 12.

The excavator A used in this embodiment is for carrying out the mud construction method, and the mud pipe 13a and the mud pipe are provided in the machine room 6.
13b are arranged and communicate with the earth cutting chamber 6, respectively.

The outer cylinder B is composed of a front casing 21 arranged on the outer periphery of the shield body 1 of the excavator A and a tail casing 22 arranged on the outer periphery of the tail shield 2.

A plurality of rails 21a, 22a having a flat surface are fixed to the inner circumference of each casing 21, 22 along the longitudinal direction. A plurality of sliding members 1 each having a flat surface along the longitudinal direction are provided on the outer circumference of the shield body 1 and the tail shield 2.
a and 2a are fixed. And each sliding member 1a, 2
By disposing the outer cylinder B on the outer circumference of the excavator A by bringing the rails 21a and 22a into contact with a, a gap is formed between the excavator A and the outer cylinder B.

The front casing 21 is a cylindrical body 21.
A tip member 21c, which is thicker than the main body 21b, is fixed to the tip of b, and is formed longer than the shield body 1. Further, a taper surface 21d whose diameter increases toward the open end is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tip member 21c. For this reason,
Since the front casing 21 is configured to have a tip, when the thrust is applied, the tip member 21c is stabbed into the ground, and it is possible to excavate the earth and sand and introduce it into the earth cutting chamber 6.

A seal ring 21e, which is thinner than the main body 21b, is fixed to the rear end of the front casing 21. This seal ring 21e is a tail casing described later.
It has a function of fitting into a water blocking member 24 fixed to 22 to prevent intrusion of groundwater into the outer cylinder B.

A tip member 1b having a step portion is fixed to the tip of the shield body 1. The tip member 1b is fitted to the tip member 21c of the front casing 21, and the step portion serves as the rear end of the member 21c. The front casing 21 and the shield body 1 are connected to each other by bringing them into contact with each other and connecting the two members 1b and 21c with the shear pin 23. Therefore, when the thrust is applied, this thrust is transmitted to the front casing 21 via the step portion of the tip member 1b of the shield body 1, and the shearing force does not act on the shear pin 23. When a pulling force acts on the shield body 1, this pulling force is transmitted to the front casing 21 via the shear pin 23. The number of shear pins 23 is preset at the design stage.

The tail casing 22 has a cylindrical main body portion 22b longer than the tail shield 2, and the main body portion 22b has a predetermined wall thickness at its tip and a plurality of sealing members 25 on its outer periphery.
The water stop member 24 to which is attached is fixed, and a plurality of thrust transmission members C are arranged on the rear end side.

The thrust transmission member C has a function of transmitting the thrust applied to the outer cylinder B to the excavator A by a source pushing device (not shown), and the structure is particularly limited as long as it has this function. is not.

In this embodiment, the thrust transmission member C includes a bracket 26 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the tail casing 22,
The rod 27 is attached to the bracket 26 and has a tip connected to a bracket 12 provided at the rear end of the tail shield 2. However, other than this configuration, for example, a plurality of hydraulic jacks are arranged on the outer circumference of the tail shield 2, and the hydraulic pressure jacks are driven to apply a pressing force to the tail casing 22 to cause the casing 22 to have a pressing force.
It is also possible to configure so that the tail shield 2 is connected to the tail shield 2.

In the above structure, the thrust force applied from the former pushing device to the tail casing 22 directly or via the following pipe 28 is transmitted to the tail shield 2 via the bracket 26, the rod 27 and the bracket 12. It is transmitted to the shield body 1 via the direction control jack 3 and the rod 4 arranged on the shield 2. That is, the excavator A and the outer cylinder B can be propelled by applying a thrust force to the tail casing 22 or the pipe 28. The thrust transmission member C
The number and arrangement position of the are set in advance at the design stage.

Front casing 21 and tail casing
The water seal members 24 of the tail casing 22 are fitted into the seal ring 21e of the front casing 21 so that the water seal members 22 are bendably connected to each other. Also the front casing 21
When the tail casing 22 and the tail casing 22 are connected to each other, a predetermined gap is formed so that the rear end of the main body portion 21b of the front casing 21 and the front end of the water blocking member 24 do not come into direct contact with each other.

The front casing 21 is connected to the shield body 1 by the shear pin 23 and the sliding member 1a.
And the rail 21a contact each other, and the tail casing 22
Are connected by the tail shield 22 and the thrust transmission member C, and the sliding member 2a and the rail 22a contact each other, so that the relative bending of the shield body 1 and the tail shield 2 according to the direction control of the excavator A is accompanied. The front casing 21 and the tail casing 22 can be easily bent.

The pull-out force transmitting member D is composed of a plurality of steel bars (PC bars) 29 arranged in parallel.
One end of the C rod 29 is a bracket 12 provided on the tail shield 2.
, And the other end is connected to the push wheel of the original pushing device. This PC rod 29 is a pipe 28 that follows the tail casing 22.
And has a length substantially equal to, and is extended each time a new pipe 28 is connected to the pipe 28 already propelled.

Next, a propulsion method using the excavation device constructed as described above will be described. First, the step of burying the pipe 28 in the ground will be described. On the starting shaft (not shown),
A digging device and a push device for propelling the pipe 28 are installed. The excavation device is placed on this original pushing device, and a push wheel is brought into contact with the rear end of the tail casing 22 to apply thrust to bring the cutter head 7 of the excavation device A into contact with the ground to be propelled, and the soil excavation chamber. When the cutter head 7 of the excavator A is rotated while supplying muddy water to the excavator 6, the excavator A and the outer cylinder B are propelled into the ground.

After the propulsion of the excavation device is completed, the push wheel is pulled back, the pipe 28 is connected to the rear end of the tail casing 22, and the PC rod 29 is connected to the bracket 12 of the tail shield 2 so that the rear end of the pipe 28 is The tube 28 is propelled by abutting the push wheels and applying thrust. After propelling the pipe 28, the same operation is repeated to sequentially propel a new pipe 28.

When the propulsion length of the pipe 28 matches the preset length, the operation of returning the excavator A to the starting shaft is carried out. This operation can be performed by the procedure shown in FIGS.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, when the pipe 28 following the tail casing 22 reaches a preset propulsion length, the thrust transmission member C connecting the tail casing 22 and the tail shield 2 is connected. To release. This release is performed by cutting the bracket 26 constituting the thrust transmission member C.

Cut the bracket 26 to cut the tail casing
After disconnecting the connection between 22 and the tail shield 2, when the pulling force is transmitted to the tail shield 2 via the PC rod 29 by pulling back the push wheel of the original pushing device, this pulling force is transferred from the tail shield 2 to the shield body 1. It is further transmitted to the front casing 21 via the shear pin 23.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the tail shield 2, the shield body 1 and the front casing 21 are pulled back rearward. Front casing 21 when pulled back
Water stop member whose rear end is fixed to the end of the tail casing 22.
Abutment against 24 prevents pullback. Despite the fact that the front casing 21 is prevented from being pulled back, the shield body 1 is continuously applied with a pulling force, and the shearing force acting on the shear pin 23 is increased accordingly. When the shearing force acting on the shear pin 23 reaches a predetermined value, the pin 23 is sheared and the connection of the front casing 21 to the shield body 1 is released.

After that, as shown in FIG. 7, only the excavator A is pulled back, and the outer cylinder B is left in the propulsion position to form a part of the pipe 28. Then, the excavator A is pulled back to the starting shaft and is carried out from the shaft, so that the pipe 28 is buried in the ground.
The pipeline is laid by.

[0046]

As described above in detail, in the excavation device according to the present invention, the front casing and the tail casing that form the outer cylinder are arranged on the outer circumferences of the shield body and the tail shield that form the excavator. As the direction of the excavator is controlled, the front casing and the tail casing are relatively bent, and the propulsion direction of the excavator can be accurately controlled.

When the excavator is pulled back to the starting shaft,
Since the shear pin connecting the front casing and the shield body is sheared, the outer cylinder can be left in the ground to form a part of the pipe.

In the propulsion method according to the present invention, the pipe can be buried without constructing the arrival shaft by propelling the pipe and then returning the excavator to the starting shaft. Therefore, even if the arrival shaft cannot be constructed due to the surrounding circumstances, the pipeline can be laid.

Further, since the vertical shaft on the arrival side can be constructed after propelling the pipe, this vertical shaft does not need to have a size capable of eliminating the excavator, and may be just a manhole.
Therefore, it has a feature that the degree of freedom of construction and process can be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an excavation device.

FIG. 2 is a view on arrow II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view on arrow IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the propulsion method, showing the state in which the excavation device has been propelled to a predetermined position.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for pulling back the excavator.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of pulling back the excavator.

[Explanation of symbols] A Excavator B Outer cylinder C Thrust transmission member D Extraction force transmission member 1 Shield body 1a, 2a Sliding member 2 Tail shield 3 Directional control jack 4 Rod 5 Partition wall 6 Soil chamber 7 Machine room 8 Cutter head 9 Cone rotor 10 Motor 11 Optical system 12, 26 Bracket 21 Front casing 21a, 22a Rail 21c Tip member 21d Tapered surface 22 Tail casing 23 Shear pin 24 Water stop member 25 Sealing material 27 Rod 28 Pipe 29 PC rod

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An excavator having a shield body and a tail shield connected to each other in a bendable manner to control a propulsion direction, a front casing arranged on the outer periphery of the shield body, and an outer periphery of the tail shield. An outer cylinder having a tail casing that is bent when the excavator bends, a thrust transmission member that connects the excavator and the outer cylinder and transmits a thrust acting on the outer cylinder to the excavator; And a pulling force transmission member that is connected to the excavator and transmits the pulling force to the excavator. 2. The shield main body of the excavator and the front casing of the outer cylinder are connected via a shear pin that is sheared when a shearing force of a predetermined value or more is applied,
The tail shield of the excavator and the tail casing of the outer cylinder are connected via a thrust transmission member, and the front casing and tail casing are movably connected via a water blocking material. The excavation device according to 1. 3. The excavation device according to claim 1, wherein an inner peripheral surface near a tip portion of the front casing of the outer cylinder is formed as an outer open tapered surface. 4. An extruding device installed in a vertical shaft applies a thrust force to an outer cylinder constituting the excavation device according to claim 1 to propel the excavation device and to follow the outer cylinder. And propelling a predetermined number of pipes, and then pulling back the excavator forming the excavation device to the vertical shaft. 5. The excavator forming the excavator is pulled out of the outer cylinder when the excavator is pulled back to the shaft, and the outer cylinder constitutes a part of the pipe buried in the ground. The propulsion method according to claim 4.