JP4410404B2 - Propulsion device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a propulsion device that is advantageous when propelling a propulsion pipe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When digging a natural ground with the excavator placed at the top and adopting a so-called semi-shielding method in which the propulsion pipe follows the excavator, and laying a pipeline represented by a sewer pipe in the ground, Establishing shafts at two locations on the planned laying line, and using one shaft as a starting shaft and the other shaft as an arrival shaft (necessary facilities for the starting shaft, such as a main pushing device and a sludge mechanism) And when the excavator arrives at the arrival shaft, it is removed between the start shaft and the arrival shaft by removing the excavator when the excavator reaches the arrival shaft. It is common to lay a target pipeline by burying a pipe.
[0003]
On the other hand, when constructing a tunnel that crosses the road or on the river bank, the ground inside the pipe is placed with multiple steel pipes (pipe) laid along the wall of the target tunnel to support the ground. A so-called pipe roof construction method that is hollowed out by a civil engineering machine may be employed. When carrying out the pipe roof construction method, the propulsion work is a temporary work, and it may be more reasonable to carry out the work without an arrival shaft in the entire construction process. Also arrival In some cases, a shaft cannot be constructed.
[0004]
For this reason, the excavator is placed inside the leading propulsion pipe constituting the pipe roof and integrated so that thrust can be transmitted, and after propelling the propulsion pipe and propelling it, When a new propulsion pipe is connected and propelled, and this work is repeated and the leading propulsion pipe reaches the arrival side, the integration of the propulsion pipe and the excavator is released and the excavator is pulled back to the start side. A new pipe is being propelled by using the retracted excavator. In the above construction method, the excavator that has reached the arrival side does not need to be transferred to the start side via another route, so that workability is good and reasonable.
[0005]
As described above, the excavator is placed inside the leading propulsion pipe, and when the propulsion distance reaches a preset length, the excavator is pulled back through the interior of the propulsion pipe. The construction method of laying the propulsion pipe is not limited to the construction of the pipe roof, but can be applied to the work of laying the pipeline without constructing the well work and the arrival shaft.
[0006]
In each of the above methods, when the propulsion direction deviates from the planned direction during propulsion of the propulsion pipe, control is performed so that the propulsion direction matches or approaches the planned direction. This control is performed by refracting the excavator so as to correct the propulsion direction and propelling the leading propulsion pipe with respect to the subsequent propulsion pipe.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the propulsion method in which the excavator is disposed inside the leading propulsion pipe and propelled while excavating the natural ground with the excavator, the propulsion direction is controlled by the refraction of the excavator and the propulsion pipe. In this case, if the natural ground is a sediment layer, it is possible to control the propulsion direction by allowing the refraction of the propulsion pipe even if the excavation diameter of the natural ground by the excavator and the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe are substantially equal. In the case of a bedrock layer, if the excavation diameter and the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe are substantially equal, there is a problem that the propulsion direction cannot be controlled because refraction of the propulsion pipe is not allowed. In addition, when the pipe is meandering instead of being straight, there is a problem that the thrust increases due to the occurrence of seri between the ground and the propulsion pipe. In particular, when the natural ground is a bedrock layer, the increase in thrust due to seri appears remarkably.
[0008]
For this reason, when the natural ground is a bedrock layer, it is necessary to make the excavation diameter by the excavator larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe so as to allow the refraction of the propulsion pipe and to prevent scouring.
[0009]
On the contrary, in order to pull the excavator back through the inside of the propulsion pipe, the outer diameter of the excavator must be sufficiently smaller than the inner diameter of the propulsion pipe. Thus, there is a problem that conflicting demands are made on the outer diameter of the excavator. Note that this problem is not limited to the fact that the natural ground is a rock formation, but it is a problem common to all soil types, even to a different extent.
[0010]
The applicant of the present application has made several proposals to solve the above problem, but the fact is that a simpler and more reliable device is required.
[0011]
The object of the present invention is to enable excavation with a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, even when the natural ground is a rock layer, and to easily reduce the outer diameter of the excavator when the pulling machine is pulled back. It is providing the propulsion apparatus which can be made smaller than the internal diameter of.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a propulsion device according to the present invention propels the propulsion pipe and the excavator while excavating a natural ground by a cutter head provided in the excavator disposed inside the propulsion pipe, and then the propulsion pipe A propulsion device that pulls back the excavator through the inside of the earth and embeds the propulsion pipe in the natural ground, the excavation member excavating the natural ground with a diameter substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, and mounting the excavation member A saddle, and a mounting seat that is formed at a predetermined part of the cutter head and attaches the saddle so that it cannot move upstream in the propulsion direction and movably downstream in the propulsion direction; A bolt for attaching the saddle to the mounting seat with a controlled friction force; A thrust member formed inside the propelling pipe disposed at the head and having a contact member that comes into contact with the saddle attached to the mounting seat, and when the saddle with the drilling member attached is attached to the cutter seat mounting seat and the excavator is pulled back The abutting member abuts on the saddle, and the saddle is separated from the mounting seat.
[0013]
In the above propulsion device, a drilling member for excavating a natural ground with a diameter substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe is attached to the saddle, and the saddle cannot be moved upstream in the propulsion direction with respect to the mounting seat of the cutter head. In addition, because the excavator and the propulsion pipe are propelled, the saddle is subjected to a force in the direction opposite to the propulsion (upstream in the propulsion direction). However, the saddle does not move, and the natural ground can be excavated by the excavating member.
[0014]
In addition, when the excavator is pulled back after propelling the propulsion pipe, the saddle is attached to the cutter head mounting seat so that it can be moved downstream in the propulsion direction. The formed abutting member abuts against the saddle and prevents the saddle from moving upstream in the propulsion direction, whereby the saddle moves relative to the excavator and downstream in the propulsion direction. Detach from the mounting seat.
[0015]
Therefore, when the saddle to which the excavation member is attached is attached to the cutter head mounting seat, the excavation member has a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion tube (allowing the refraction of the propulsion tube to control the propulsion direction). It is arranged so that it can be excavated with a diameter that can be excavated, and when the saddle is removed from the mounting seat, the diameter of the cutter head is made smaller than the inner diameter of the propulsion pipe. By applying thrust to the propulsion pipe while excavating the natural ground with the excavating machine, it is possible to excavate and propel the natural ground with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe.
[0016]
In other words, by excavating with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, the propulsion pipe can be propelled even in a natural ground made of rock layers, and the direction is misaligned during propulsion. However, the direction of propulsion can be controlled by refracting the excavator and the propulsion pipe. Therefore, the diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe when the excavation member excavates the natural ground is a dimension that can sufficiently allow the refraction of the propulsion pipe necessary for controlling the propulsion direction, In addition, it is necessary to have a dimension that prevents the seri and prevents the thrust associated with the seri from increasing.
[0017]
Further, when the excavator is pulled back to the upstream side in the propulsion direction, the saddle is pulled back together with the excavator, the abutment member formed inside the propulsion pipe is brought into contact with the movement, and the movement is prevented. The saddle moves away from the mounting seat by this movement, and the cutter head is dimensioned to pass through the inside of the propelling tube. Therefore, the excavator can be pulled back through the inside of the propulsion pipe.
[0018]
The saddle and excavation member detached from the mounting seat are left at the tip of the buried propulsion pipe. The excavation member is not particularly limited as long as it is a member that can excavate natural ground in a good state. For example, as a drilling member, a roller cutter having a plurality of projections with high hardness on the surface, a disk cutter consisting of ridges and grooves with the outer periphery alternately formed in the axial direction, or a cutting cutter with high hardness There is a bit or the like that is cut by a blade, and one or a plurality of types selected from these can be used. The number of excavating members that can be detached from the cutter head is not particularly limited, and is configured such that a plurality of excavating members including an excavating member provided on the outermost periphery or further provided on the inner peripheral side can be removed. Is possible.
[0019]
In the propulsion device, the saddle has an attachment member formed along the propulsion direction and formed with an elongated hole having an open end, and the attachment seat attaches the attachment member and the attachment surface A contact surface that is formed on the upstream side in the propulsion direction and contacts a part of the saddle, and is configured by attaching the saddle to the mounting seat of the cutter head using a long hole formed in the mounting member, or the mounting seat Has a mounting surface for mounting the mounting member and a contact surface formed on the upstream side of the mounting surface in the propulsion direction to contact a part of the saddle, and the saddle is mounted using a shearing member having a preset shear strength. It is preferable to be configured to be attached to a seat.
[0020]
By configuring the propulsion device as described above, the saddle can be smoothly detached from the mounting seat when the excavator is pulled back, and the mounting position can be maintained without being removed from the mounting seat during propulsion or standby. I can do it.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the propulsion device will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the propulsion device. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the cutter head and the relationship with the propelling pipe. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the relationship between the saddle attached to the attachment seat and the contact member. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the overall configuration when propelling the propulsion device. FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the configuration of the apparatus when the excavator is pulled back.
[0022]
The propulsion device according to the present embodiment is given from the main pushing device C installed in the start pit D shown in FIG. 4 while excavating the natural ground by the excavating machine B arranged inside the propelling pipe A according to the thrust. When propelled and the propulsion length of the propulsion pipe A reaches a predetermined length, the propulsion pipe A can be buried in the ground by pulling the excavator B back to the start pit D through the propulsion pipe A. It is configured.
[0023]
In particular, by excavating the natural ground with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propelling pipe A, even if the natural ground is constituted by a rock layer, the outer diameter of the propelling pipe A and the natural ground It is possible to perform smooth propulsion and smooth direction control by forming a gap between them, and when the excavator B is pulled back through the inside of the propulsion pipe A, the diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe A. By detaching the excavation member excavating the natural ground from the excavator B, the diameter of the excavator B can be made smaller than the inner diameter of the propelling pipe A.
[0024]
In the above propulsion device, it is possible to embed a propulsion pipe without the need for an arrival mine, which is adopted when propelling a plurality of pipes from the start side to the arrival side, for example, when constructing a pipe roof. It is also advantageous when it is used to construct a well in which a plurality of pipes are radiated from a single shaft and pumped up groundwater, such as when improving the ground.
[0025]
The configuration of the propulsion device will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. The propulsion device is composed of a tip portion of the propulsion pipe A and an excavator B disposed inside the tip portion, and the propulsion pipe A is driven by a main pushing device C (see FIG. 4) installed in the start pit D. The excavator B is propelled, and the excavator B excavates the natural ground in this process and discharges the excavated earth and sand to the outside. And after the propulsion of predetermined length is complete | finished, it is comprised so that this propulsion pipe A can be laid by leaving the propulsion pipe A in the ground by pulling back the excavator B to the start pit D side.
[0026]
The propelling pipe A is composed of a leading pipe 10 arranged at the top (left side in FIG. 1, hereinafter referred to as “tip side” or “downstream in the propulsion direction”), and a main body pipe following the leading pipe 10. 11. The leading pipe 10 and the main body pipe 11 are connected to each other so as to be able to be refracted, and are configured to be able to be refracted along with the refraction of the excavator B described later.
[0027]
The leading pipe 10 has a length set in advance corresponding to the lengths of the cutter head 21 and the shield main body 22 constituting the excavator B, and the rear end side is fitted with the front end of the main body pipe 11 to bend. It is configured to be able to. When the excavator B (the shield main body 22 and the tail shield 23) is refracted, the propulsion direction can be controlled by being driven and refracted by the excavator B.
[0028]
A notch portion 10a having a preset width in the circumferential direction and a preset length in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) is formed at the distal end portion of the leading pipe 10. The notch 10a has a function of allowing the projection 21a of the cutter head 21 to pass through when the excavator B is pulled back to the start pit D after the propulsion pipe A is propelled. It is formed with a width and length that can be passed. In addition, the notch Part 10a is not necessarily essential. However, the following notch Part It is assumed that 10a is included.
[0029]
The inner surface of the circumference of the front pipe 10 excluding the notch 10a has a predetermined inner diameter and length, and a part of the inner surface of the circumference is cut out with a dimension substantially equal to the notch 10a. An arc-shaped support member 12 is disposed, and the cut-out portion is fixed to the cut-out portion 10a of the leading pipe 10 by means such as welding. The support member 12 has the function of fitting and supporting the outer periphery of the shield body 22 of the excavator B, the function of transmitting thrust from the shield body 22, and the cutting chamber 24 in cooperation with the tip of the shield body 22 It has the function to form.
[0030]
For this reason, the support member 12 is formed with a tapered portion 12a whose diameter decreases from the distal end portion of the leading pipe 10 to the rear side on the distal end side, and subsequently to the distal end portion of the shield body 22 following the tapered portion 12a. The formed taper portion 22a is disposed, and the cutting chamber 24 is formed by both the taper portions 12a and 22a. Further, the support member 12 is formed with an inlay-shaped step portion 12b, and the step portion 22b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shield body 22 abuts on the step portion 12b, so that the thrust acting on the shield body 22 is transferred to the leading pipe. 10 can be transmitted. Further, a taper portion 12c is formed on the rear end side of the support member 12 (the right side in FIG. 1, hereinafter referred to as “rearward” or “upstream in the propulsion direction”), and the excavator B is pulled back. At this time, the shield body 22 is configured to move along the tapered portion 12c so as to contact the inner surface of the leading pipe 10.
[0031]
Further, a contact member 15 is formed at a predetermined position in the taper portion 12a of the support member 12 so as to abut on a saddle 34 attached to a cutter head 21 to be described later and restrict movement. The position of the contact member 15 on the support member 12 is not particularly limited, and corresponds to the positional relationship between the projection 21a and the mounting seat 21c in the cutter head 21.
[0032]
In this embodiment, the contact member 15 is formed at a position of about 145 degrees in the clockwise direction from the center of the notch 10a formed in the leading pipe 10 in the support member 12. However, by forming the contact member 15 over the entire circumference, it is possible to eliminate the need for alignment when the excavator B is pulled back.
[0033]
The main body pipe 11 constitutes the main body portion of the propelling pipe A, the front end portion is fitted to the leading pipe 10 and bendably connected, and the rear end portion is newly propelled according to the target propulsion length. The pipe A is configured to be connected to a desired length by welding or the like. Therefore, the main body pipe 11 is formed as one long pipe, and the main pushing device C comes into contact with the rear end to apply thrust.
[0034]
A plurality of support portions 11a and 11b are formed at predetermined positions on the inner peripheral surface at the tip of the main body pipe 11. The support portions 11a and 11b are arranged at a position where the inner peripheral surface of the main body pipe 11 is divided into a plurality of portions, a support portion 11a having a high height is formed on the lower side, and a support portion 11b having a low height is formed on the upper side. Has been.
[0035]
A plurality of thrust transmission members 13 are formed at positions corresponding to the rear end portion of the tail shield 23 constituting the excavator B on the inner peripheral surface of the main body pipe 11. This thrust transmission member 13 has a function of transmitting the thrust applied to the rear end of the main body pipe 11 by the main pushing device C to the excavator B, and the reaction force to which the inner peripheral surface of the main body pipe 11 is fixed. It is constituted by a receiving member 13a, a pressure rod 13b attached to the reaction force receiving member 13a, and a bracket 13c provided on the tail shield 23. By connecting the pressure rod 13b to the bracket 13c, the main body pipe 11 and the tail shield 23 is integrated so that thrust can be transmitted to the excavator B.
[0036]
The excavator B includes a cutter head 21 that is disposed at the top and excavates a natural ground, a shield body 22 that rotatably supports the cutter head 21, and a tail that is refractably connected to the shield body 22 via a jack 25. The cutter head 21 is arranged so as to protrude further to the tip side than the tip of the leading pipe 10, and the shield body 22 and the tail shield 23 are respectively the leading pipe 10 and the body pipe 11. It is arrange | positioned inside the front end side.
[0037]
The shield body 22 is disposed such that the tip portion is fitted to the support member 12 formed on the leading pipe 10 and the step portion 22 b is engaged with the step portion 12 b of the support member 12. That is, the shield body 22 is formed in a circular shape whose outer diameter is sufficiently smaller than the inner diameter of the propelling pipe A. When the tip portion is supported by being fitted to the support member 12, the shaft center 22c of the shield body 22 is the leading pipe 10. It is comprised so that it may correspond with the axial center of.
[0038]
The shield body 22 is connected to the support member 12 via a shear pin 14 disposed on the tip side of the step portion 22b. Therefore, when a thrust acts on the shield body 22, the thrust is transmitted to the leading pipe 10 by the contact of the step portions 22b and 12b. Further, when a pulling force acts on the shield body 22, this force is transmitted to the leading pipe 10 via the shear pin 14. For this reason, when the distance of the propulsion pipe A already propelled is large and the resistance of the propulsion pipe A to the pulling force is large, the shear pin 14 is sheared and the excavator B is pulled back. Further, when the distance of the propelled pipe A is small and the resistance against the pulling force is small, the excavator B and the propelling pipe A are pulled back together, but the end of the propelling pipe A is connected to the start of the start pit D. It is possible to shear the shear pin 14 by fixing it.
[0039]
Furthermore, when the propulsion pipe A is pulled back with the thrust transmission member 13 assembled, the propulsion pipe A and the excavator B are pulled back together. At this time, since the shear pin 14 acts only on the outer peripheral resistance of the front portion of the excavator B, the shear pin 14 is not sheared and can be pulled back as a whole including the front side of the excavator B. This is advantageous when the propulsion pipe A and the excavator B are all pulled back to the start pit D because the propulsion cannot be performed due to an embedded obstacle or the like during the propulsion.
[0040]
The shield body 22 is divided into a soil cutting chamber 24 and an in-machine chamber 27 by a partition wall 26. A shaft of the cutter head 21 is supported on the partition wall 26, and a driving device 28 including a motor, a speed reducer, and a transmission for driving the cutter head 21 is attached to the inner chamber 27 side. Further, a support wall 29 is provided on the inner chamber 27 side of the partition wall 26 and at a position spaced apart from the partition wall 26 by a predetermined distance, and one end of the jack 25 is fixed to the support wall 29.
[0041]
A cutting chamber 24 is formed on the tip side of the partition wall 26 of the shield body 22. The earth cutting chamber 24 is formed by the peripheral wall on the front end side of the shield body 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the support member 12 provided at the front end of the leading pipe 10, and has a small diameter on the side close to the partition wall 26. It is formed in a tapered shape whose diameter increases as it approaches 21.
[0042]
The support member 12 is formed in an arc shape corresponding to a portion excluding the notch 10a formed in the leading pipe 10. For this reason, a cover is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the shield body 22 and corresponding to the notch portion 10a of the leading pipe 10. Therefore, the earthing chamber 24 is separated from the front end side by the cover and the support member 12. It is formed in a tapered shape whose diameter decreases toward the partition wall 26 side.
[0043]
The tail shield 23 is formed to have the same shape as the outer shape of the shield body 22, and an in-machine chamber 27 is formed therein. Sliding members 23a and 23b that slide in contact with the support portions 11a and 11b, respectively, are positioned on the outer peripheral surface of the tail shield 23 and facing the support portions 11a and 11b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the body pipe 11. Is provided. The sliding member 23a is in contact with the support portion 11a and has a low height, and the sliding member 23b is in contact with the support portion 11b and has a high height. When the tail shield 23 is supported by the contact between the support portions 11a and 11b and the sliding members 23a and 23b, the axis 23c of the tail shield 23 can be aligned with the axis of the main body pipe 11. .
[0044]
The cutter head 21 is driven by a driving device 28 to rotate concentrically or eccentrically, and excavate a natural ground by thrust applied simultaneously with the rotation. Whether the cutter head 21 rotates concentrically or eccentrically is not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the cutter head 21 is configured to be able to rotate eccentrically with a predetermined amount of eccentricity with respect to the shaft center 22c of the shield body 22.
[0045]
The cutter head 21 has a plurality of roller cutters 30 and a scraper 31 so as to excavate a natural ground made of a rock layer, and is provided with a cone rotor 32 for crushing excavated gravel. In particular, when excavating a rock layer, the excavation diameter by the cutter head 21 is generally slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propelling pipe A (overbit). Therefore, the outer diameter of the roller cutter 33 arranged at the outermost periphery of the cutter head 21 is set larger than the outer diameter of the leading pipe 10.
[0046]
For this reason, the cutter head 21 includes a main body portion 21b having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the support member 12 provided on the leading pipe 10, and a protrusion portion 21a protruding from the main body portion 21b to one side. ing. The protrusion 21a is formed to be smaller than the width of the notch 10a formed in the leading pipe 10, and the distance from the shaft center to the position farthest from the axis is formed to be approximately equal to the excavation diameter including the overbit.
[0047]
In this embodiment, the roller cutter 30 disposed on the projection 21a of the cutter head 21 and the roller cutter 33 attached via the saddle 34 to the mounting seat 21c formed on the main body 21b are provided on the propelling tube A. It is arranged on the outermost periphery of the cutter head 21 so that a natural ground can be excavated with a diameter larger than the outer diameter.
[0048]
In particular, the roller cutter 33 constitutes an excavation member, and as shown in FIG. 3, the roller cutter 33 is rotatably attached to the saddle 34 and the saddle 34 is detachably attached to a mounting seat 21 c formed on the cutter head 21. ing. As described above, the excavating member is not limited to the roller cutter 33, but a disc cutter (not shown) that is rotatably attached to the saddle 34 or a bit (not shown) that is fixed to the saddle 34 is selectively used. It is possible to use.
[0049]
The mounting seat 21c is a main body 21b of the cutter head 21 and is formed in a direction of about 145 degrees clockwise with respect to the protrusion 21a. A horizontal piece 21d and an upright piece provided on the rear end side of the horizontal piece 21d. An elongate hole 21f is formed on the front end side of the horizontal piece 21d, and a tapped hole 21g is formed on the standing piece 21e side. In particular, even the protruding portion of the upright piece 21e is disposed on the circumference substantially equal to the main body portion 21b. That is, the mounting seat 21c does not increase the diameter of the main body 21b of the cutter head 21.
[0050]
The saddle 34 protrudes toward the rear end side of the bracket 34a, a bracket 34a that rotatably supports the roller cutter 33, a plate 34b that is fixed to the horizontal piece 21d of the mounting seat 21c by fixing the bracket 34a by means such as welding. And a contact piece 34c that contacts the contact member 15 provided on the support member 12 of the leading pipe 10.
[0051]
The end of the bracket 34a on the rear end side is in contact with the upright piece 21e of the mounting seat 21c, thereby restricting the movement of the roller cutter 33 toward the rear end side upstream in the propulsion direction. The plate 34b is disposed to face the horizontal piece 21d of the mounting seat 21c and is detachably attached to the horizontal piece 21d. That is, the plate 34b is formed with a tap hole 34d at a position corresponding to the long hole 21f formed on the front end side of the horizontal piece 21d, and is long at a position corresponding to the tap hole 21g formed on the rear end side of the horizontal piece 21d. A hole 34e is formed. Further, the contact piece 34c is formed to protrude from the rear end side of the bracket 34a, and has a strength that can sufficiently withstand the force acting when it comes into contact with the contact member 15.
[0052]
The saddle 34 configured as described above brings the plate 34b into contact with the horizontal piece 21d of the mounting seat 21c, and the rear end side of the bracket 34a is brought into contact with the upright piece 21e of the mounting seat 21c. 35 is inserted into a long hole 21f formed in the mounting seat 21c through a washer 35a and screwed into a tap hole 34d formed in the plate 34b, and is inserted into a long hole 34 formed in the plate 34b to be formed in the mounting seat 21c. It is attached to the attachment seat 21c by being screwed into the tapped hole 21g.
[0053]
In the saddle 34 attached to the mounting seat 21c as described above, when excavating the natural ground, the reaction force when the roller cutter 33 presses against the natural ground is the force on the upstream side in the propulsion direction (FIG. 3 ( When acting as a force in the direction of arrow a) in a), the bracket 34a abuts against the upright piece 21e and the movement is restricted, and the mounting state with respect to the mounting seat 21c is maintained. Further, the saddle 34 is formed in a corresponding portion by inserting the bolt 35 into a long hole 21f formed in the mounting seat 21c with an open front end side and a long hole 34e formed in the plate 34b with a rear end side opened. Since it is screwed into the tapped holes 34d and 21g, when a force downstream of the propulsion direction (force in the direction of arrow b in FIG. 3 (b)) is applied to the saddle 34, mounting is performed according to this force. It is possible to detach from the seat 21c.
[0054]
For this reason, it is necessary to control the force required when the saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c. This control can be realized by controlling the frictional force between the washer 35a and the edges of the long holes 21f, 34e by controlling the tightening torque of each bolt 35.
[0055]
Further, a shear pin (not shown) serving as a shearing member is interposed through the plate 34b of the saddle 34 and the horizontal piece 21d of the mounting seat 21c, and the tightening torque for the bolt 35 is made small enough that the saddle 34 does not fall off the mounting seat 21c. Thus, the force required when the saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c can be controlled by the magnitude of the shearing force set on the shear pin.
[0056]
Further, the washer 35a is formed by a pair of members having inclined surfaces that coincide with each other, and one of the washers is fixed to the elongated holes 21f, 34e with the low-gradient side facing the distal end, and the elongated holes 21f, Even when the saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c even if the portion corresponding to 34e is cut off and the other washer is attached to the bolt 35 and fastened with the inclined surface being matched with the washer. It is possible to control in the direction of decreasing the force.
[0057]
The cutter head 21 configured as described above has a space formed by the leading pipe 10, the support member 12, and the notch 10a when the protrusion 21a is opposed to the notch 10a of the leading pipe 10. Therefore, the excavator B can be fitted in the space.
[0058]
In particular, when the excavator B is pulled back with the projection 21a of the cutter head 21 facing the notch 10a of the leading pipe 10, the cutter head 21 moves upstream in the propulsion direction (in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 3A). Accordingly, the contact piece 34c provided on the saddle 34 comes into contact with the contact member 15 fixed to the support member 12, and acts on the saddle 34 relatively with the subsequent pulling back of the excavator B (FIG. 3). The saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c by the force in the direction of arrow b of b).
[0059]
The cone rotor 32 provided in the cutter head 21 is formed in a tapered shape having a large diameter on the side close to the partition wall 26 of the shield main body 22 and a diameter decreasing as it approaches the main body portion 21b. The cone rotor 32 is mounted so as to be able to rotate freely with respect to the axis of the cutter head 21, and a gravel is formed between the inner peripheral wall surface at the tip of the shield body 22 that defines the earth cutting chamber 24 and the tapered portion 12 a of the support member 12. , The gravel resists and rotates independently of the rotation of the cutter head 21, and the gravel is crushed along with this rotation.
[0060]
The cutting chamber 24 is supplied with muddy water having a pressure corresponding to the groundwater pressure and adjusted to a specific gravity capable of mixing and transporting excavated soil. This muddy water is supplied through a mud pipe 36 arranged in the cabin 27 and discharged through a mud pipe 37. The mud feeding pipe 36 and the mud discharging pipe 37 are connected via a water stop bypass valve 38, and a new mud feeding pipe 36 and a mud discharging pipe 37 are connected to the inside of the propulsion pipe A as the propulsion length is extended. When this is done, the conduction between the pipes 36 and 37 and the earthing chamber 24 is interrupted, and when the propelling pipe A is propelled, the pipes 36 and 37 and the earthing chamber 24 are brought into conduction.
[0061]
When a natural ground is excavated by the cutter head 21, the excavated earth and sand in the earth cutting chamber 24 stays downward in the vertical direction. For this reason, it is preferable that the mud pipe 37 is opened downward in the vertical direction in the earth cutting chamber 24 regardless of the attitude of the excavator B. An opening position of the mud feeding pipe 36 in the earthing chamber 24 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the mud pipe 36 is opened upward in the vertical direction in the earthing chamber 24. Thus, by opening the mud pipe 36 on the upper side in the vertical direction of the earthing chamber 24 and opening the mud pipe 37 on the lower side, the flow direction of mud water in the earthing chamber 24 is set upward. It is possible to discharge the excavated earth and sand from the lower side without resisting gravity.
[0062]
The cabin 27 is provided with an optical system 39 for detecting the propulsion direction of the excavator B when propelling the propelling pipe A.
[0063]
A jack 25 connecting the shield body 22 and the tail shield 23 is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, following the tail shield 23, the hydraulic unit 40 that generates pressure oil for driving the jack 25, the drive control of the jack 25, or the transmission and reception of signals generated from the optical system 39 The control apparatus 41 which performs this is provided, and is each mounted in the trolley | bogie 40a and 41a.
[0064]
Next, the procedure for propelling the propelling pipe A and the configuration of the apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the start pit D is a starting point for propelling the propulsion pipe A, and depends on the propulsion purpose and part of the propulsion pipe A, for example, whether it is a construction of a pipe roof or a well. There are cases of ground and vertical shafts.
[0065]
The starting pit D is provided with a main pushing device C. The propulsion pipe A is placed on the guide rail 50 of the main pushing device C and the jack 51 is driven. The propulsion tube A is configured to be able to impart thrust by abutting the end and moving forward.
[0066]
At a predetermined position of the start pit D, mud is supplied through the mud pipe 36, and the mud discharged from the mud pipe 37 is received, the excavated sediment mixed with the mud is separated, and the specific gravity and viscosity are set. It is electrically connected to the muddy water supply device 53 to be adjusted and the control device 41. The propulsion direction of the excavator B by the equipment and the optical system 39 disposed inside the excavator B is monitored, and when the propulsion direction deviates from the planned line, the jack 25 is driven to correct the direction, or the muddy water supply device An operation panel 54 for controlling the drive of 53 is installed.
[0067]
First, a first propulsion pipe A having a unit length composed of a head pipe 10 and a main body pipe 11 in which the excavator B is disposed inside the guide rail 50 and the tail shield 23 and the main body pipe 11 are connected by a thrust transmission member 13 is provided. It is mounted, the jack 51 is driven, the push wheel 52 is advanced, and the cutter head 21 of the excavator B is pressed against the ground to be excavated. Then, the cutter head 21 is rotated to excavate a natural ground, and the excavator B and the first propelling pipe A are propelled while supplying muddy water to the earthing chamber 24.
[0068]
At this time, the roller cutter 33 attached to the cutter head 21 is pressed against the ground, and the reaction force acts in the direction of arrow a in FIG. 3A, so that the saddle 34 moves in contact with the upright piece 21e of the attachment seat 21c. Is prevented and maintains a stable position.
[0069]
After the propulsion of the first propulsion pipe A is completed, the push wheel 52 is pulled back, and a new second propulsion pipe A is mounted on the guide rail 50, and the rear end of the first propulsion pipe A already propelled. The first propulsion that has already been propelled by integrating by welding or other means, or connecting with flexibility within a range that does not impair the water-stopping property of the contact portion of both, and then moving the push wheel 52 forward Promote tube A and second propulsion tube A. Furthermore, this operation is repeated and the propulsion pipe A having a predetermined length is propelled to be buried in the ground.
[0070]
When propelling the propulsion pipe A, the operator constantly monitors the operation panel 54. For example, when recognizing that the propulsion direction of the excavator B deviates from the planned line, the jack 25 is driven to connect the shield body 22 and the tail. When the shield 23 is refracted in the direction to eliminate the deviation, the leading pipe 10 and the main body pipe 11 are refracted by the refraction generated between the shield body 22 and the tail shield 23. By further propelling while maintaining this state, it is possible to match the propulsion direction of the excavator B with the planned line. When the excavator B coincides with the planned line or expects to coincide, the jack 25 is driven again to return to the original state for propulsion.
[0071]
After the propulsion pipe A having a predetermined length is laid in the ground as described above, the propulsion pipe A including the leading pipe 10 is left and the excavator B is pulled back to the start pit D side. This operation procedure will be described with reference to FIG.
[0072]
When the propelling pipe A is propelled to a predetermined length, the main pushing device C releases the drive to the pusher wheel 52, and the pusher wheel 52 moves to the retracted position. Thereafter, the connection of the thrust transmission member 13 in which the tail shield 23 of the excavator B and the main body pipe 11 are integrated is released, and the wire 55 is connected to the tail shield 23 and the carriages 40a and 41a. The wire 55 transmits a pulling force in the direction of the starting pit D to the excavator B, and may be driven by a push wheel 52 that constitutes the main pushing device C or may be driven by a winch 56.
[0073]
After releasing the connection between the tail shield 23 and the main body pipe 11 by the thrust transmission member 13 and connecting the wire 55 to the excavator B, the cutter head 21 is rotated so that the protrusion 21a faces the notch 10a of the leading pipe 10 Let Thereafter, the winch 56 is driven to wind up the wire 55 and apply a pulling force to the excavator B.
[0074]
The pull-back force applied through the wire 55 first acts on the shear pin 14 to cut the shear pin 14. Thereby, the connection between the excavator B and the propulsion pipe A is released.
[0075]
When the excavator B is further pulled back, the shield body 22 slides along the support member 12 provided inside the leading pipe 10, and the tail shield 23 is supported by the support portions 11a and 11b provided on the body pipe 11 and the slide member. It slides in a state where 23a and 23b are in contact, and the excavator b moves backward.
[0076]
As the excavator B moves backward, the saddle 34 attached to the mounting seat 21c of the cutter head 21 approaches the contact member 15 provided on the support member 12, and the contact piece 34c provided on the saddle 34 contacts the contact member 15. The contact is prevented and the movement is prevented. As the excavator B continues to be pulled back, a force in the direction of the arrow b shown in FIG. 3B acts on the saddle 34. When this force exceeds a certain level, the plate 34b and the horizontal piece 21d Slip occurs between them, and as a result, the saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c.
[0077]
The roller cutter 33 and the saddle 34 separated from the mounting seat 21c are left on the leading end side of the leading pipe 10.
[0078]
When the saddle 34 is detached from the mounting seat 21c, the apparent diameter of the cutter head 21 is reduced, and the protrusion 21a faces the notch 10a of the leading pipe 10. The head 21 is pulled back through the space formed by the notch 10a of the leading pipe 10 and the support member 12, the contact between the shield body 22 and the support member 12 is released, and the support portions 11a and 11b and the sliding member are further released. The contact with 23a, 23b is released, and the excavator B comes into contact with the lower inner peripheral surface of the propulsion pipe A. For this reason, the protrusion 21a provided on the cutter head 21 does not come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the propelling pipe A, and can be pulled back smoothly.
[0079]
In the above embodiment, when one of the roller cutters 33 provided on the main body 21b of the cutter head 21 is attached to the mounting seat 21c via the saddle 34, when the excavator B is pulled back, only the roller cutter 33 is Although configured so as to be able to be detached from the cutter head 21, it is not limited to this configuration. In other words, the plurality of roller cutters 30 and 33 including the roller cutter 30 disposed in another portion, or a plurality of excavating members including a disk cutter and a bit (not shown) may be separated from the cutter head 21.
[0080]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, in the propulsion device according to the present invention, the saddle with the roller cutter attached to the mounting seat of the cutter head of the excavator disposed inside the propulsion pipe is attached to the propulsion pipe by the roller cutter. A natural ground can be excavated with a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter. For this reason, when propelling the propulsion pipe to a natural ground composed of bedrock layers, it becomes possible to form a gap between the natural ground and the outer peripheral surface of the propulsion pipe, and the propulsion pipe can be refracted using this gap. Smooth propulsion can be executed while controlling the propulsion direction.
[0081]
Also, when the excavator is pulled back to the start pit side, the saddle with the roller cutter attached is detached from the cutter head mounting seat, so that the diameter of the cutter head can be reduced, and the excavator can be passed through the inside of the propulsion pipe. It can be pulled back.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a propulsion device.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of a cutter head and explaining a relationship with a propelling pipe.
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a relationship between a saddle attached to a mounting seat and a contact member.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration when propelling a propulsion device.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a device when the excavator is pulled back.
[Explanation of symbols]
A propulsion pipe
B digging machine
C Main pusher
D Starting pit
10 Top pipe
10a Notch
11 Body pipe
11a, 11b support part
12 Support member
12a, 12c, 22a Taper part
12b, 22b Step
13 Thrust transmission member
13a Reaction force receiving member
13b Pressure rod
13c Bracket
14 Shear pin
15 Contact member
21 Cutter head
21a Protrusion
21b Body
21c Mounting seat
21d horizontal piece
21e Standing piece
21f, 34e oblong hole
21g, 34d tap hole
22 Shield body
22c, 23c shaft center
23 Tail shield
24 Cutting room
25 Jack
26 Bulkhead
27 cabin
28 Drive unit
29 Supporting wall
23a, 23b Sliding member
30, 33 Roller cutter
31 Scraper
32 Cone rotor
34 saddle
34a Bracket
34b plate
34c Contact piece
35 volts
35a washer
36 Mud pipe
37 Waste mud pipe
38 Water stop bypass valve
39 Optics
40 Hydraulic unit
41 Control unit
40a, 41a cart
50 Guide rail
51 Jack
52 Press wheel
53 Mud supply device
54 Control panel
55 wires
56 winches

Claims (3)

The propulsion pipe and excavator are propelled while excavating the ground with a cutter head provided in the excavator located inside the propulsion pipe, and then the excavator is pulled back through the propulsion pipe to embed the propulsion pipe in the ground A propulsion device that excavates a natural ground with a diameter substantially equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the propulsion pipe, a saddle to which the excavation member is attached, and the saddle formed at a predetermined portion of the cutter head A mounting seat that is immovable upstream in the direction of movement and movably downstream in the direction of propulsion , a bolt that attaches the saddle to the mounting seat with a controlled frictional force, and an interior of the propulsion pipe disposed at the top And a contact member that contacts the saddle attached to the mounting seat, and attaches the saddle to which the excavation member is attached to the attachment seat of the cutter head, and the contact member when pulling back the excavator Propulsion apparatus characterized by being configured so as to disengage the saddle from the mounting seat contacts the saddle and those.   The saddle has an attachment member formed along the propulsion direction and has an elongated hole with an open end, and the attachment seat is attached to the attachment surface to which the attachment member is attached and to the upstream side of the attachment surface in the propulsion direction. The propulsion according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion has a contact surface that is formed and contacts a part of the saddle, and the saddle is attached to the attachment seat of the cutter head using a long hole formed in the attachment member. apparatus.   The mounting seat has a mounting surface for mounting the mounting member, a contact surface formed on the upstream side in the propulsion direction of the mounting surface and contacting a part of the saddle, and using a shearing member having a preset shear strength The propulsion device according to claim 1, wherein the saddle is attached to a mounting seat.

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