JPH08284127A - Base fabric for water-barrier sheet and method of site-work water-barrier sheet construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To place a base fabric for a water-barrier sheet along topographic features, to prevent the generation of a run and to enable the execution of broad works by spraying a permeable solidifying material against the base fabric, in which the difference of the number of pairs of double warp fabrics, rupture ductility, intermediate ductility and thickness at the time of load, a thickness retension at the time of load and a volume-ratio fiber packing are kept within the ranges of specific values. CONSTITUTION: A double warp fabric, in which the difference of the number of the textures of a surface-rear fabric texture knitted in a two-row needle bed is kept within 25%, is manufactured. Rupture elongation is in 50-300% in both the warp and weft directions and intermediate elongation at the time of load of 1kg/5cm<2> is 5% or more. Thickness is 0.5mm or more, and a thickness retention at the time of load of 5g/cm<2> is 40% or more. A fiber packing ratio against volume is 2-40%. The end of the roll of the base fabric is superposed on an excavated slope, and the base fabric is fixed onto a ground surface. A permeable solidifying material is sprayed against the whole surface of the base fabric. Accordingly, the base fabric can correspond to the topographic features of the ground surface freely, and the efficiency of laying at the time of the execution of works can be improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is suitable for on-site construction, easily conforms to the terrain, can easily secure an appropriate sheet thickness, has excellent permeability of coagulant, and can be used for wide sheet construction. It is possible and has features such as rationalization of construction, and is a base cloth for water-blocking sheets for the purpose of blocking water from waste treatment plants, waterways, water storage tanks, water treatment tanks, walls of underground structures such as subways and tunnels. And it relates to the construction method of the impermeable sheet on site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a technique used in the field of industrial use described above, which is premised on site construction, a non-woven fabric is laid on the ground surface, and then a permeable coagulating material is sprayed on the non-woven fabric surface to form a water-impervious layer. What was made to do is Japanese Patent Publication Sho-51-46
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 983. In addition, JP-A-3-14
No. 7919 gazette discloses that a weft knitted fabric having a warp and a weft each having an elongation at a load of 1 kg of 10% or more, a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, and a bulk specific gravity of 0.01 to 0.2 g / cm ³ on the ground surface. After being laid, it is disclosed that a penetrating material such as a rubber asphalt emulsion is sprayed on the entire surface of the knitted fabric to impart water impermeability.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
In the method using the non-woven fabric disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 983, the strength of the non-woven fabric to be laid is low and the extensibility is also poor.
It is difficult to follow the uneven shape of the ground surface, or wrinkles occur. In addition, there are problems that a person walks on the laid non-woven fabric and the non-woven fabric is damaged by the impact of a falling object.

The construction method for laying a low-stretch weft knitted fabric according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-147919 is recognized as a construction method in which the problems of using a non-woven fabric have been improved. When the knitted fabric is knitted, the knitted fabric may not be formed due to some causes such as stitch drop, thread cutting, and hole flaw (scratch).
When it is destroyed, a run occurs (the stitches are untied from the end of the knitting toward the beginning of the knitting, one after another in a chained manner), which has a significant effect on the physical properties of the fabric, and the sheet after being formed into a sheet. Non-uniformity may cause durability problems, and the sheet may crack or break due to the impact of a falling object. Further, even when the weft knitted fabric is damaged due to some cause such as impact or hooking when the weft knitted fabric is laid, the same problem as described above may occur. The weft knitted fabric had a problem that the maximum width of the knitted fabric was about 200 cm due to its manufacturing method, and the construction efficiency, the construction period was shortened, and the treatment of the joint portion was complicated.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily conform to the terrain during on-site construction, to easily secure an appropriate sheet thickness, to prevent the occurrence of runs, to have excellent penetrability of the solidified material, and to allow wide construction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water sheet base cloth and a water-impervious sheet construction method that can rationalize construction by wide construction using this sheet.

[0006]

In order to solve this problem, the present invention is a double warp knitted fabric in which the difference in the number of structures of the front and back fabrics is within 25%, and the breaking elongation is 50 in both directions
-300%, intermediate elongation at 1 kg / 5 cm load is 5% or more, thickness is at least 0.5 mm, thickness retention rate is 40% or more at 5 g / cm ² load, volume ratio fiber filling rate is 2-40% It is based on the basic fabric for water-impermeable sheets. Further, according to the present invention, the difference in the number of structures of the front and back fabrics is 25 on the surface of the laid ground.
Double warp knitted fabric having a breaking elongation of 50% to 300% in both warp and weft directions, an intermediate elongation of 5% or more and a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, 5 g / The thickness retention rate under a cm ² load is 40% or more, and the volume ratio fiber filling rate is 2
The essence is the on-site impermeable sheet construction method in which a water impervious sheet base cloth of -40% is laid along the shape of the ground surface, and then an impermeable layer is formed on the entire surface of the base cloth with a permeable coagulating material. is there.

The base cloth for a water-blocking sheet of the present invention has a knitted fabric width of 4
It is a double warp knitted fabric that is knitted by a warp knitting machine having two pairs of needle beds facing each other capable of producing a knitted fabric exceeding 00 cm. This double warp knitted fabric knits a front side ground weave on one needle bed of two opposing rows of needle beds, and a back side ground weave on the other needle bed, and connects the front and back ground weaves to a binding yarn. Is formed by connecting the two sides of the ground structure together. In this case, the binding is not restricted either by using the yarns constituting the front and back ground textures together, or by separately supplying another yarn as the binding yarn, or by using both together. Absent.

The number of textures of the ground texture, that is, the number of stitches may be the same between the front and back sides, but the number of textures of the front side texture is reduced in order to improve the penetration into the knitted fabric when the permeable solidified material is sprayed. You may. In this case, the difference in the number of ground structures on the front and back sides is within 25%. If curling of the cloth edge occurs during laying, it may cause problems such as laying work or a gap in the joint portion. Therefore, the difference in the number of ground structures on the front and back is preferably within 25%.

Further, the knitting structure of the front and back ground structures is not particularly limited, but when it is desired to increase the expansion / contraction rate, it is not suitable to mainly use the structure that inhibits the expansion / contraction properties such as chains and insertions. Absent. In addition, the tissue in which the stitches are formed in an orderly manner may hinder the elongation. Therefore, it is preferable to select a structure in which the stitches are skewed, disordered, deformed, or have a mesh tone. Further, in order to improve the permeability of the permeable coagulant from the front side to the back side, in particular, the front side ground structure is a porous structure in which the stitches are skewed, disturbed, deformed or meshed rather than the structure in which the stitches are formed in order. It is also effective to arrange.

Next, in order to lay the knitted fabric along the uneven terrain on the surface of the laid ground, it is necessary to fit the terrain freely so that the breaking elongation is 50 to 300%. If it is less than 50%, the stretchability of the knitted fabric is poor, and it is not possible to deal with the unevenness of the terrain, and the fabric rises from the ground surface or wrinkles occur. On the other hand, if it exceeds 300%, the knitted fabric may be excessively stretched, and when the solidified material is sprayed, the knitted fabric may sag due to the weight of the solidified material.
Preferably, 60 to 280% is judged to be an appropriate elongation.

Further, with respect to this elongation, having a proper elongation under a low load easily conforms to the unevenness of the ground surface, which affects the workability during laying. In the present invention,
The intermediate elongation under a load of 1 kg / 5 cm is 5% or more. It is preferably determined to be 10% or more.

Next, the thickness of the knitted fabric is 0.5 m in the present invention.
m and above. We have found that a knitted fabric thickness of 0.5 mm or more is required to complete a strong and durable water-blocking sheet, or in consideration of damage, damage, impact resistance during construction, etc. . However, if the knitted fabric thickness exceeds 5 mm, the permeability of the permeable coagulant may be impaired or the fit to the ground surface may deteriorate.

Further, it is required that the thickness retention rate under a load of 5 g / cm ² is 40% or more. This means that when laying the knitted fabric along the unevenness of the ground surface, tension is applied to the knitted fabric due to the influence of the topography, and the pressure is applied to reduce the thickness of the fabric, which results in There is concern that the thickness of the water-impermeable sheet becomes non-uniform, the thickness of the water-impermeable sheet partially varies, and the durability and physical properties vary, resulting in partial damage.

Next, in the present invention, the fact that the volume ratio fiber filling rate of the knitted fabric is 2 to 40% means that the permeability of the permeable coagulant is
It has been found that it is essential when considering cushioning properties and thickness retention properties. Volume ratio of knitted fabric is 2%
If it is less than the above range, the knitted fabric is too soft, and the layability, the shape retention property, the retention property of the solidified material and the like are deteriorated. When the volume ratio fiber filling rate of the knitted fabric exceeds 40%, the permeability of the solidified material,
The holding property and the adhesion to the ground surface will be poor. It is preferably 2.5 to 30%.

The fiber material used for the base fabric of the present invention is
Although not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a synthetic multifilament yarn, and it is effective to use the crimped yarn in order to secure the knitting fabric elongation. Further, in order to maintain the thickness of the knitted fabric, it is also effective to use, as the binding yarn, a raw yarn or a monofilament raw yarn made of a low count multifilament having a relatively high rigidity and a large single yarn diameter.

Next, in the impermeable sheet construction method of the present invention, the impermeable sheet base cloth made of the above-mentioned double warp knitted fabric is laid along the ground surface to form an impermeable layer on the entire base cloth. By spraying or hand-painting the amount of permeable coagulant required for the above, a water-impervious sheet using the base fabric as an aggregate is completed. In this case, the water-impervious layer is preferably formed so as to cover at least the base cloth, and the surface of the base cloth is 0.5 to 20 m long.
m, and more preferably 1 to 8 mm. If necessary, a layer made of a protective finishing material such as a water repellent and a cured resin may be provided on the surface of the water shield layer.
When the base cloth is laid on the ground surface or a construction base such as a concrete base, the end portions of the adjacent base cloths are overlapped by a required amount of about 200 mm, and physical means such as nails, tacks, and skewers are used. , Fix it by fitting it along the irregularities of the base using a flow bonding method using a permeable solidified material.

As the permeable coagulant for forming the water-impervious layer, rubber asphalt, synthetic rubber such as urethane rubber, chloroprene rubber and acrylic rubber, synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride and ethylene vinyl acetate, cement, asphalt, etc. A water-based emulsion is used and is not particularly limited. Among them, rubber asphalt emulsion modified by asphalt with polymer, which can be applied at room temperature, is particularly effective in terms of toxicity, safety against flammability, permeability, workability such as pump sprayability, characteristics of formed film, and price. Is. The rubber asphalt emulsion is used alone by spraying or by hand coating, and if necessary, a curing agent may be used in combination to accelerate the cured film formation.

The solid content concentration of the rubber asphalt emulsion is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60.
~ 90%. If it is less than 60%, shrinkage and meat thinning at the time of curing are large, and if it exceeds 90%, the viscosity is high and the impregnation property becomes poor.

As the rubber in the rubber asphalt emulsion, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber,
Butyl rubber, polybutadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber,
Acrylic rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer rubber, carboxyl-modified styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber and the like can be used alone or in combination. Particularly preferred rubbers in the present invention are styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber and carboxyl-modified styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber.

Examples of the asphalt in the rubber asphalt emulsion include natural asphalt, straight asphalt, and blown asphalt, and any of them can be used.

The rubber content in the rubber asphalt emulsion is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 2 to 50% by weight, more preferably 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total solid content of the rubber asphalt. If it is less than 2% by weight, the effect of modifying asphalt is small and the temperature dependence is large,
There are problems such as brittleness at low temperatures and sagging at high temperatures. While 5
If it exceeds 0% by weight, water impermeability and water blocking performance are deteriorated and economical efficiency is deteriorated.

The rubber asphalt emulsion may be used alone or in combination with a curing agent, if necessary, to accelerate cured film formation. The curing agent for rubber asphalt emulsion is
Emulsion A variety of curing agents can be selected depending on the type of emulsifier used during emulsification. For example, one or more of magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, iron alum, potassium alum, aluminum sulfate, sodium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, polyisocyanate compounds, various plasters, various cement-based powders, and the like can be used.

[0023]

The water-impermeable sheet base fabric of the present invention has the problems that the conventionally used non-woven fabric is damaged due to its strength and lack of elongation, does not fit on the ground surface, and has wrinkles. On the other hand, since the knitted fabric is deformed and the crimped yarn is used, the elongation is further increased, and as described above, the excellent extensibility is exhibited even under a low load. Further, it has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, and the thickness retention rate under a load of 5 g / cm ² is 40% or more. This makes it possible to flexibly adapt to the shape of the ground surface, and because it is a knitted fabric, the necessary strength can be secured and cushioning properties are added.
Damage due to lack of strength and impact due to falling objects, etc. are prevented. Furthermore, the occurrence of runs can be prevented. In the case of a flat knitted fabric, the current knitting machine has a fabric width of 200 cm.
The maximum width is 400c in the case of the present invention.
It is possible to create a knitted fabric having a width exceeding m, and the laying work efficiency is significantly improved. In addition, the number of joints can be reduced to 1/2 or less, and a sheet having excellent sheet uniformity and durability can be produced. The warp knitted fabric, which is the base fabric, has a volume ratio fiber filling ratio of 2 to 40%, and the permeable coagulant sprayed for forming the water-impervious layer is extremely likely to permeate through the fabric. The water-impervious layer is firmly formed, and the solidified material that has permeated to the ground surface side through the base cloth also permeates the ground, promoting integration with the ground surface, and for uneven shapes and overhang shapes. A tight fixing action is also created.

[0024]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. The knitted fabric physical properties in the present invention are measured and evaluated as follows.

Breaking strength / elongation: According to JIS L-1096. Thickness; compression elasticity measuring device (made by Maeda Industry Co., Ltd.)
Thickness under load of 1 g / cm ² by thickness: Thickness retention rate; Compressive elasticity measuring instrument (made by Maeda Industry Co., Ltd.)
5g for 1g / cm ² load at the time of the thickness due to / cm ²
Thickness retention rate under load Fiber filling rate; ratio of fiber volume in volume per unit area of base fabric Example 1 A base fabric made of warp knitted fabric was a 14G double Russell knitting machine having a two-row needle bed. The knitted fabric was made by knitting using the same design on the front and back with a through width of 432 cm. The fibrous material used is polyester 150d / 48f false twist textured yarn, the ground textures of the front and back are knitted with two reeds each, and the false textured yarns are used in the same manner as above, and the ground textures of the front and back are joined by one reed. did.

The obtained knitted fabric had an intermediate elongation of 1% / 5 cm, warp × weft = 19% × 35%, cutting elongation of warp × weft = 95% × 205%, tenacity warp × weft = 85 kg x 50 k
g, thickness 2.0 mm, thickness retention rate 85%, volume ratio fiber filling rate 12%, knitted fabric width 400 cm.

Using this warp knitted fabric as a base fabric, the opposite end is overlapped with the excavated side wall of 200 mm and fixed to the ground by a stopper, and at the same time, the base fabric is made to follow the unevenness of the ground surface and is stopped. After fixing and laying it on the ground, a water-permeable sheet was formed by a method of spraying a permeable coagulant, which is a rubber asphalt emulsion, onto the entire surface of the base fabric through a nozzle.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, a double warp knitted fabric having a difference in the number of front and back fabric structures of not more than 25% and having a breaking elongation of 50 to 300 in both warp and weft directions. %, 1 kg
Intermediate elongation at 5% load of 5% or more, thickness 0.5m
m or more, the thickness retention rate under a load of 5 g / cm ² is 40% or more, the volume ratio fiber filling rate is 2 to 40%, and the knitted fabric width is 40%.
The following effects can be expected by implementing the on-site constructed impermeable sheet method using the impermeable sheet base fabric that can be made to be more than 0 cm. 1. Since it has an appropriate elongation under a low load and has an extremely excellent absolute elongation, it can freely respond to irregularities on the ground surface and has excellent adhesion to the ground surface. 2. Since the width of the base cloth is wide, the laying efficiency at the time of on-site construction is improved. 3. Since the width of the base cloth is wide, the joint portion is reduced, and the durability and uniformity after forming the sheet are remarkably improved. 4. Since the thickness retention rate is excellent, it is possible to create a sheet with a uniform thickness. 5. Since the base cloth has an appropriate thickness, an appropriate cushioning property, an appropriate elongation and an appropriate strength, damage during installation is prevented,
It is possible to sufficiently withstand damage and damage caused by the impact of a falling object. 6. Since it has an appropriate volume ratio fiber filling rate, the coagulation material is sufficiently permeated into the base fabric, and it is possible to prepare a robust water-impervious sheet in which the base fabric is an aggregate. 7. Since it has excellent permeability to the base cloth, the permeating material that has penetrated to the ground side through the base cloth improves the adhesion between the water-blocking sheet and the ground surface.

As a result of the above, the water-impermeable sheet base fabric of the present invention is waterproof, water-blocking, water-impervious on the walls of underground structures such as subways and tunnels, reservoirs, waterways, slopes of final landfill sites, etc. It also exhibits excellent effects when used for the purpose of heat insulation, protection, and buffering with secondary concrete.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Masuda 4-3 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Unitika Osaka Head Office (72) Inventor Shigeru Kobayashi 1-chome, Ojita, Yokkaichi-shi, Mie No. 16 Nihon Latex Processing Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A double warp knitted fabric having a difference in the number of front and back fabric structures of 25% or less, and a breaking elongation of 5 in both warp and weft directions.
0-300%, 5% intermediate elongation at 1kg / 5cm load
As described above, the thickness is 0.5 mm or more, the thickness retention rate under a load of 5 g / cm ² is 40% or more, and the volume ratio fiber filling rate is 2 to 40%.
The base fabric for the water-blocking sheet, which is 2. A double warp knitted fabric in which the difference in the number of front and back fabrics is 25% or less on the surface of the laid ground, and the breaking elongation is 50 to 300% in both warp and weft directions, 1 kg / 5 cm. Intermediate elongation under load of 5% or more, thickness of 0.5 mm or more, 5 g /
After laying a base cloth for water-impervious sheets having a thickness retention rate of 40% or more under a cm ² load and a volume ratio fiber filling rate of 2 to 40% along the shape of the ground surface, the base cloth is made of a permeable coagulating material. On-site construction impermeable sheet method characterized by forming an impermeable layer on the entire surface.