JPH08281820A - Resin molding material for objective lens, and the lens - Google Patents

Resin molding material for objective lens, and the lens

Info

Publication number
JPH08281820A
JPH08281820A JP7089322A JP8932295A JPH08281820A JP H08281820 A JPH08281820 A JP H08281820A JP 7089322 A JP7089322 A JP 7089322A JP 8932295 A JP8932295 A JP 8932295A JP H08281820 A JPH08281820 A JP H08281820A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
objective lens
molding material
resin molding
resin
molding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP7089322A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3204032B2 (en
Inventor
Osamu Doi
修 土井
Munehiro Yoshimura
宗洋 吉村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP08932295A priority Critical patent/JP3204032B2/en
Publication of JPH08281820A publication Critical patent/JPH08281820A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3204032B2 publication Critical patent/JP3204032B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a resin molding material for an objective lens which can provided the lens made of resin having stable optical characteristics in which no gate mark remains in the effective aperture of the lens after molding. CONSTITUTION: A molding material 9 for press molding an objective lens satisfies A>B, where A is the width of the resin molding material in which the shape is substantially spherical and B is the height of the material, and has a gate mark 10 for injection molding on the side of the material.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、光ディスクに光スポッ
トを投影して情報の記録又は再生を行う光ピックアップ
の構成部品となる対物レンズ用の樹脂成形材料及びその
対物レンズに関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resin molding material for an objective lens, which is a component of an optical pickup for recording or reproducing information by projecting a light spot on an optical disk, and the objective lens.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、対物レンズは、CDプレーヤ、C
D−ROM等の光ピックアップを利用した記録再生装置
の小型化にともない薄型化、軽量化が進んでいる。以下
図面を参照しながら、上述した従来の対物レンズ用成形
材料の一例について説明する。図8は光ピックアップに
用いられる対物レンズ21の成形後の形状を示す側面図
であり、このような対物レンズ21を作るためにプレス
成形用材料として、全面研磨加工により作られた図6に
示すような球状のガラス研磨ボール材料22(以下ガラ
スボール硝材22と呼ぶ)が利用される。
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, objective lenses have been CD players, C
Along with the miniaturization of recording / reproducing devices using an optical pickup such as a D-ROM, the thickness and weight of the recording / reproducing device have been reduced. An example of the above-mentioned conventional molding material for an objective lens will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a side view showing the shape of the objective lens 21 used in the optical pickup after molding. As shown in FIG. 6, a press-molding material for manufacturing such an objective lens 21 is formed by polishing the entire surface. Such a spherical glass polishing ball material 22 (hereinafter referred to as glass ball glass material 22) is used.

【0003】また、図7は対物レンズのプレス成形に用
いる対物レンズ成形金型23の断面図を示すものであ
り、対物レンズの第1面を成形する上型24、対物レン
ズの第2面を成形する下型25及び対物レンズの厚み及
び側面を形成する円筒状の胴型26によって構成され
る。ガラスボール硝材22は全面研磨加工によるもので
あるため、図7に示すように対物レンズ成形金型23に
ガラスボール硝材22を配置する場合の方向性は特定す
る事なく配置し、この状態でプレス加工機(図示せず)
に配置して加熱プレスすることにより対物レンズ成形金
型を使用したプレス成形による対物レンズ21ができ
る。
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an objective lens molding die 23 used for press molding of an objective lens. An upper mold 24 for molding the first surface of the objective lens and a second surface of the objective lens are shown. It is composed of a lower mold 25 to be molded and a cylindrical barrel mold 26 that forms the thickness and side surface of the objective lens. Since the glass ball glass material 22 is obtained by polishing the entire surface, as shown in FIG. 7, the glass ball glass material 22 is arranged in the objective lens molding die 23 without specifying the directionality and is pressed in this state. Processing machine (not shown)
The objective lens 21 can be formed by press molding using an objective lens molding die by arranging in the above and performing heat pressing.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
ような対物レンズ21のさらなる軽量化が進んでくる
と、対物レンズ21の材料としてガラス材料よりも比重
の小さい樹脂材料が採用されることになる。上記ガラス
ボール硝材22に替えてボール硝材を樹脂材料で射出成
形して作る場合に図9に示すように樹脂成形の球状のボ
ール硝材31(以下樹脂成形ボール硝材31と呼ぶ)に
射出成形用のゲート跡32が残る。
However, when the weight of the objective lens 21 is further reduced as described above, a resin material having a smaller specific gravity than a glass material is adopted as the material of the objective lens 21. . When a ball glass material is injection-molded with a resin material instead of the glass ball glass material 22 as shown in FIG. 9, a resin-molded spherical ball glass material 31 (hereinafter referred to as resin-molded ball glass material 31) is used for injection molding. The gate mark 32 remains.

【0005】この対策として、図10に示すようにボー
ル硝材31を対物レンズ成形金型23に配置する際にボ
ール硝材31のゲート跡32の位置を樹脂成形ボール硝
材31の横方向33(成形後は対物レンズ36の側面部
37に相当)になるように配置してプレス成形しなけれ
ばならない。もしこのような配慮をしなければ、図11
に示すように対物レンズ36の有効径38(破線)内に
ゲート跡32が残り、対物レンズ36の光学特性が劣化
するという問題点が生じる。
As a countermeasure against this, when the ball glass material 31 is placed in the objective lens molding die 23 as shown in FIG. 10, the position of the gate mark 32 of the ball glass material 31 is set in the lateral direction 33 of the resin molded ball glass material 31 (after molding). Must be arranged so as to be the side surface portion 37 of the objective lens 36) and press-molded. If this kind of consideration is not taken,
As shown in FIG. 3, the gate mark 32 remains in the effective diameter 38 (broken line) of the objective lens 36, and the optical characteristics of the objective lens 36 deteriorate.

【0006】さらには、このような配慮をしたとしても
実際には生産する中で成形機、金型、あるいはコンベア
といった設備の振動等により、対物レンズ成形金型23
内でボール硝材31が自ら回転等によりズレを生じ、ゲ
ート跡32が対物レンズ金型有効面内に回り込んでしま
い成形後の対物レンズ36の有効径38内にゲート跡3
2が残り、対物レンズ36の光学特性が劣化するという
問題点が生じるという問題点を有していた。
Further, even if such consideration is taken, the objective lens forming die 23 is actually produced by vibration of equipment such as a forming machine, a die, or a conveyor during production.
In the inside, the ball glass material 31 is displaced due to its own rotation or the like, and the gate mark 32 wraps around the effective surface of the objective lens mold, and the gate mark 3 is formed in the effective diameter 38 of the objective lens 36 after molding.
2 remains, which causes a problem that the optical characteristics of the objective lens 36 deteriorate.

【0007】本発明は、上記従来の問題点に鑑み、樹脂
プレス成形対物レンズの安定した成形が可能な対物レン
ズ用樹脂成形材料及び成形後の対物レンズの有効径内に
ゲート跡が残らない光学特性の安定した樹脂製の対物レ
ンズを提供するものである。
In view of the above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an optical resin molding material for an objective lens capable of stably molding a resin press-molded objective lens, and an optical system in which no gate mark is left in the effective diameter of the objective lens after molding. An objective lens made of resin with stable characteristics is provided.

【0008】[0008]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料は、樹脂プレス成
形対物レンズを成形するために使用する略球状の樹脂成
形材料であって、上記略球状の樹脂材料の形状が、樹脂
成形材料の幅:A、樹脂成形材料の高さ(厚さ):Bと
するとき、A>Bの関係を満足し、かつ当該樹脂成形材
料の幅方向側面部に射出成形用ゲート位置を設けたこと
を特徴とするものである。
In order to solve the above problems, a resin molding material for an objective lens according to the present invention is a substantially spherical resin molding material used for molding a resin press-molded objective lens. When the shape of the substantially spherical resin material is the width A of the resin molding material and the height (thickness) B of the resin molding material, the relationship of A> B is satisfied, and the width direction of the resin molding material is satisfied. An injection molding gate position is provided on the side surface portion.

【0009】[0009]

【作用】本発明は上記した構成によって、ゲート跡が残
る射出成形の樹脂成形材料を使用して対物レンズをプレ
ス成形しても、ゲート跡が対物レンズ有効径内に残るこ
となく、光学特性の劣化のない安定した対物レンズを提
供できることとなる。
According to the present invention, with the above-mentioned structure, even if the objective lens is press-molded by using the resin molding material for injection molding in which the gate mark remains, the gate mark does not remain within the effective diameter of the objective lens, and the optical characteristic It is possible to provide a stable objective lens without deterioration.

【0010】[0010]

【実施例】以下、本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料及
びその成形材料を用いてプレス成形した対物レンズの一
実施例について、図1〜図5を参照しながら詳細に説明
する。図1は本発明の一実施例における対物レンズ用樹
脂成形材料を示すものであり、(a)は同成形材料の平
面図、(b)は同成形材料の側面図である。図1におい
て、9は対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料、10は射出成形用
のゲート跡である。Aは対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料の
幅、Bは対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料の高さ(厚さ)を示
すものである。そして、対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9
は、形状が略球状で幅A、高さBの寸法はA>Bの関係
を満足しており、射出成形時のゲート跡10が、対物レ
ンズ用樹脂成形材料9の側面部に残るように射出成形機
のゲートが配置された射出成形機により作られている。
EXAMPLES An example of an objective lens resin molding material of the present invention and an objective lens press-molded using the molding material will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B show a resin molding material for an objective lens in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view of the molding material, and FIG. 1B is a side view of the molding material. In FIG. 1, 9 is a resin molding material for an objective lens and 10 is a gate mark for injection molding. A is the width of the resin molding material for the objective lens, and B is the height (thickness) of the resin molding material for the objective lens. Then, the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens
Has a substantially spherical shape, and the dimensions of width A and height B satisfy the relation of A> B, so that the gate mark 10 at the time of injection molding remains on the side surface portion of the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens. It is made by an injection molding machine in which the gate of the injection molding machine is arranged.

【0011】図2は本発明の対物レンズのプレス成形に
用いる対物レンズ成形金型1の断面図を示すものであ
り、対物レンズの第1面(球面又は非球面)を成形する
金型球面部11を有する上型2、対物レンズの第2面
(球面又は非球面)を成形する金型球面部12を有する
下型3及び対物レンズの厚み及び側面を形成する円筒状
の胴型4によって構成される。そして、図2は対物レン
ズ用樹脂成形材料9が対物レンズ用成形金型1によって
加熱プレス成形される状態を示すものである。
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an objective lens molding die 1 used for press molding of the objective lens of the present invention, in which a spherical surface portion of the die for molding the first surface (spherical surface or aspherical surface) of the objective lens. A lower mold 3 having a mold spherical surface 12 for molding the second surface (spherical surface or aspherical surface) of the objective lens, and a cylindrical barrel mold 4 forming the thickness and side surface of the objective lens. To be done. 2 shows a state in which the objective lens resin molding material 9 is heated and press-molded by the objective lens molding die 1.

【0012】図3は本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料
を加熱プレス成形することにより得られた対物レンズの
側面図を示すものである。図3において、13は対物レ
ンズ、14は対物レンズの側面部、15はゲート跡を示
すものである。以上のように構成された対物レンズ用樹
脂成形材料について、以下その作用について説明する。
FIG. 3 shows a side view of the objective lens obtained by hot press molding the resin molding material for the objective lens of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 13 is an objective lens, 14 is a side surface portion of the objective lens, and 15 is a gate mark. The operation of the resin molding material for an objective lens configured as described above will be described below.

【0013】図1のように、本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂
成形材料9は、形状が略球状で幅A、高さBの寸法はA
>Bの関係を満足しており、射出成形時のゲート跡10
は、対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9の側面部に設けてい
る。これにより、形状が略球状でA>Bという寸法関係
から、対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9は、ゲート跡10を
側面部にある程度保持した姿勢で自立し、対物レンズ用
樹脂成形材料9が回転してゲート跡10の位置が例えば
上向き、もしくは下向きに定位することはない。
As shown in FIG. 1, the resin molding material 9 for an objective lens of the present invention has a substantially spherical shape and has a width A and a height B of A.
Satisfies the relation of> B, and the gate mark 10 at the time of injection molding
Is provided on the side surface of the objective lens resin molding material 9. As a result, the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens is self-standing with the gate mark 10 held to the side surface portion to some extent, and the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens rotates due to the dimensional relationship of the shape being substantially spherical and A> B. Therefore, the position of the gate mark 10 is not oriented upward or downward, for example.

【0014】これを利用して、図2に示すように対物レ
ンズ成形金型1内に対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9をゲー
ト跡10が横方向になるよう配置して加熱プレス成形す
れば成形機、金型、コンベアといった設備の振動等によ
り、対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9が回転ズレを生じてゲ
ート跡10が対物レンズ成形金型球面部11、12で接
触、成形される事なく図3に示すようにゲート跡15は
対物レンズ13の側面外周部14に残り、対物レンズ1
3の有効径8(破線)内に残ることなく、ゲート跡15
の影響による光学特性の劣化のない安定した対物レンズ
が成形できることとなる。
Utilizing this, as shown in FIG. 2, a resin molding material 9 for the objective lens is arranged in the objective lens molding die 1 so that the gate traces 10 are in the horizontal direction, and hot press molding is performed. 3, the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens causes a rotational displacement due to the vibration of equipment such as a mold and a conveyor, and the gate mark 10 does not come into contact with the spherical surface portions 11 and 12 of the objective lens molding die 11 and are not molded as shown in FIG. As shown, the gate mark 15 remains on the side surface outer peripheral portion 14 of the objective lens 13,
Gate trace 15 without remaining within the effective diameter 8 (broken line) of 3
This makes it possible to form a stable objective lens without the deterioration of optical characteristics due to the influence of.

【0015】図4(a)、(b)は本発明の対物レンズ
用樹脂成形材料の他の実施例の側面図を示すものであ
る。図4において、16、17は対物レンズ用樹脂成形
材料、15はゲート跡を示すものであり、ゲート跡15
の位置付近を円周上にフラットなゲートカットしやすい
ような形状にしたものである。図5は本発明の対物レン
ズ用樹脂成形材料の他の実施例の側面図を示すものであ
る。図5において、18は楕円形状の対物レンズ用樹脂
成形材料、15はゲート跡を示すものである。そして、
各対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料16、17、18は、図示
のように形状が高さ(厚さ)方向の両面に球面を持った
略球状で幅A、高さBの寸法はA>Bの関係を満足して
おり、射出成形時のゲート跡10が、対物レンズ用樹脂
成形材料の側面部に残るように射出成形機のゲートが配
置された射出成形機により作られている。
FIGS. 4A and 4B are side views showing another embodiment of the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention. In FIG. 4, 16 and 17 are resin molding materials for an objective lens, and 15 is a gate mark.
It is shaped so that it is easy to cut a flat gate on the circumference around the position. FIG. 5 shows a side view of another embodiment of the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 18 is an elliptic resin molding material for an objective lens, and 15 is a mark of a gate. And
Each of the objective lens resin molding materials 16, 17 and 18 has a substantially spherical shape having spherical surfaces on both sides in the height (thickness) direction as shown in the figure, and the dimensions of width A and height B are A> B. The relationship is satisfied, and the gate mark 10 at the time of injection molding is made by the injection molding machine in which the gate of the injection molding machine is arranged so as to remain on the side surface of the resin molding material for the objective lens.

【0016】これにより、形状が略球状でA>Bという
寸法関係から、対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料16、17、
18でも対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料9と同様に、ゲート
跡10を側面部にある程度保持した姿勢で自立し、対物
レンズ用樹脂成形材料9が回転してゲート跡10の位置
が例えば上向き、もしくは下向きに定位することはな
い。したがって、プレス成形機により加熱成形後に、ゲ
ート跡15が対物レンズ13の側面外周部14に残り、
対物レンズ13の有効径8(破線)内に残ることなく、
ゲート跡15の影響による光学特性の劣化のない安定し
た対物レンズが成形できることとなる。
As a result, the resin molding materials 16 and 17 for the objective lens have a substantially spherical shape and have a dimensional relationship of A> B.
Also in 18 as in the case of the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens, the gate mark 10 is self-standing in a posture in which it is held to the side surface to some extent, and the resin molding material 9 for the objective lens is rotated so that the position of the gate mark 10 is, for example, upward or downward. Never localized to. Therefore, after the heat molding by the press molding machine, the gate mark 15 remains on the side surface outer peripheral portion 14 of the objective lens 13,
Without remaining within the effective diameter 8 (broken line) of the objective lens 13,
This makes it possible to form a stable objective lens without deterioration of optical characteristics due to the influence of the gate mark 15.

【0017】[0017]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、対物レンズをプ
レス成形するための射出成形型の樹脂成形材料として、
その形状が略球状で、樹脂成形材料の幅がその高さより
も大きく、かつその側面部に射出成形用ゲート跡を設け
た構成とすることにより、ゲート跡が残る射出成形型の
樹脂成形材料を使用して対物レンズをプレス成形して
も、ゲート跡が対物レンズ有効径内に残ることなく、光
学特性の劣化のない安定した対物レンズを提供できるも
のである。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention provides an injection molding resin molding material for press molding an objective lens,
The shape of the resin molding material is almost spherical, the width of the resin molding material is larger than its height, and the injection molding gate mark is provided on the side surface of the resin molding material. Even if the objective lens is press-molded by using it, the gate mark does not remain within the effective diameter of the objective lens, and it is possible to provide a stable objective lens without deterioration of optical characteristics.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】(a)は本発明の一実施例における対物レンズ
用樹脂成形材料を示す平面図 (b)は本発明の一実施例における対物レンズ用樹脂成
形材料を示す側面図
1A is a plan view showing a resin molding material for an objective lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view showing a resin molding material for an objective lens according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料が対物レン
ズ用成形金型によってプレス成形される状態を示す部分
断面側面図
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a state in which the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention is press-molded by a molding die for an objective lens.

【図3】本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料をプレス成
形することにより得られた対物レンズを示す側面図
FIG. 3 is a side view showing an objective lens obtained by press molding the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention.

【図4】(a)は本発明の対物レンズ用の樹脂成形材料
の他の実施例を示す側面図 (b)は本発明の対物レンズ用の樹脂成形材料の他の実
施例を示す側面図
FIG. 4A is a side view showing another embodiment of the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a side view showing another embodiment of the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention.

【図5】本発明の対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料の他の実施
例を示す側面図
FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the resin molding material for an objective lens of the present invention.

【図6】従来の対物レンズ成形用の球状のガラス研磨ボ
ール材料を示す側面図
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a conventional spherical glass polishing ball material for molding an objective lens.

【図7】従来の対物レンズ成形用金型の断面図FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional objective lens molding die.

【図8】従来の対物レンズの側面図FIG. 8 is a side view of a conventional objective lens.

【図9】従来の対物レンズ成形用の樹脂成形ボール硝材
を示す側面図
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a conventional resin molded ball glass material for molding an objective lens.

【図10】従来の樹脂成形対物レンズ用の成形用金型の
断面図
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional molding die for a resin molding objective lens.

【図11】従来の樹脂製対物レンズの側面図FIG. 11 is a side view of a conventional resin objective lens.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 対物レンズ成形金型 8 対物レンズ有効径 9 対物レンズ用樹脂成形材料 10 ゲート跡 1 Objective lens molding die 8 Effective diameter of objective lens 9 Resin molding material for objective lens 10 Gate trace

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 樹脂プレス成形対物レンズを成形するた
めに使用する略球状の樹脂成形材料であって、上記略球
状の樹脂材料の形状が、樹脂成形材料の幅:A、樹脂成
形材料の高さ:Bとするとき、A>Bの関係を満足し、
かつ当該樹脂成形材料の幅方向側面部に射出成形用ゲー
ト跡を設けたことを特徴とする対物レンズ用樹脂成形材
料。
1. A substantially spherical resin molding material used for molding a resin press-molded objective lens, wherein the shape of the substantially spherical resin material is a width of the resin molding material: A, and a height of the resin molding material. S: When B, satisfy the relationship of A> B,
Further, a resin molding material for an objective lens, characterized in that an injection molding gate mark is provided on a side surface portion in the width direction of the resin molding material.
【請求項2】 請求項1記載の樹脂成形材料を成形した
対物レンズであって、成形後のレンズ有効径を形成する
曲面の外方位置側面部に射出成形用ゲート跡が位置する
ように成形したことを特徴とする対物レンズ。
2. An objective lens formed by molding the resin molding material according to claim 1, wherein the injection molding gate mark is located on the outer side surface portion of the curved surface forming the lens effective diameter after molding. The objective lens characterized by the above.
JP08932295A 1995-04-14 1995-04-14 Resin molding material for objective lens and its objective lens Expired - Lifetime JP3204032B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP08932295A JP3204032B2 (en) 1995-04-14 1995-04-14 Resin molding material for objective lens and its objective lens

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP08932295A JP3204032B2 (en) 1995-04-14 1995-04-14 Resin molding material for objective lens and its objective lens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08281820A true JPH08281820A (en) 1996-10-29
JP3204032B2 JP3204032B2 (en) 2001-09-04

Family

ID=13967441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP08932295A Expired - Lifetime JP3204032B2 (en) 1995-04-14 1995-04-14 Resin molding material for objective lens and its objective lens

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3204032B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3204032B2 (en) 2001-09-04

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