JPH08280218A - Onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain an onion harvester provided with an operator's working seat placed at the rear end of a seat frame in a state deviated rightward, etc., from the traveling center line of a traveling machine body, capable of smoothly and surely cutting the thin stalk part and the small root part of an onion and enabling efficient harvesting work. CONSTITUTION: A transfer belt for clamping and transferring an onion 17 in an upside-down state is placed on a traveling machine body to transfer the onion 17 while cutting the thin stalk part 17b of the onion and the small root part 17c of the bulb. A seat frame 49 is extended from the center of the rear part of the traveling machine body toward the back of the body and the working seat 6 for a worker to collect the harvested onions 17 placed on the field is placed at the rear end of the seat frame 49 in a state deviated rightward or leftward from the longitudinal center line of the traveling machine body. The seating face of the working seat 6 is preferably deviated rightward or leftward from the connection center of the seat frame 49.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvesting device for harvesting onions left unloaded in a field, and in particular, the harvested onions can be smoothly and surely cut while transporting the fine stems and the fine roots of the harvested onions. The present invention relates to an onion harvesting device that can be efficiently performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as for onions sold at stores or through other distribution systems, only the bulbs used for food are commercial products. Therefore, the fine stems and fine roots of the harvested onions are hand-crafted. It is designed to be shipped after being cut and trimmed. However, in the shaping work of the harvested onions as described above, a lot of manpower and working time are required, and variations in the shaped onions are likely to occur, and it is difficult to secure uniform quality as a product, In particular, it requires a high level of skill to cut the fine roots, which are extremely fine compared to the fine stems and have a large number of them, and tend to fall over. This, combined with the large number of items, significantly reduced work efficiency.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has proposed an onion harvesting device capable of collectively performing a series of operations from onion harvesting to shaping. The above harvesting device can efficiently perform onion harvesting and shaping work that was conventionally done manually, and can significantly reduce the burden on the operator, but a work seat is placed at the rear center of the machine. Because of the installation, when harvesting work in the field, the worker picks up the onions left and right on the right side or left side of the machine as the machine travels, picks up the upper half of the body while repeatedly bending it, and delivers it to the harvesting device. Not only is it necessary to physically work under severe conditions, but it is difficult to secure a discharge space for the bulb portion of the shaped onion, and the bulb portion after the shaping is often spread over a wide area behind the fuselage. There was room for improvement in that the work of collecting bulbs could not be performed efficiently because they were scattered.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was conceived in the course of its development in pursuit of improving workability and ensuring quality in onion harvesting and shaping in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to achieve the object. On the other hand, while reducing the burden on the operator during the harvesting work, the bulbs after shaping can be dropped onto the field behind the fuselage inside the onion, and the subsequent bulb collection work can be performed efficiently. It is intended to provide a harvesting device.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical means adopted by the present invention is to provide a conveyor belt for sandwiching and conveying an inverted onion on a traveling machine body, and to provide a thin stem portion of the onion. An onion harvesting device configured to be conveyed while cutting and the fine roots of bulbs, connecting the seat frame from the rear center of the traveling machine body toward the rear of the machine body, and cutting the onions left in the field. It is characterized in that a work seat of a worker who collects the work is mounted on the rear end of the seat frame by being displaced to either the right side or the left side from the traveling center of the traveling machine body.

[0006]

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the harvested onions are discharged after shaping, the collection work can be easily performed without scattering on the field, and the workability is improved while reducing the burden on the operator. Can be made.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine body provided with a pair of left and right crawler devices 2 and 2. An engine 3 is mounted on a front portion of the machine body 1, and a body of an onion harvesting mechanism 4 is mounted on the body. The tail wheel 5 is slanted in a front-high-rear-low manner while maintaining an inclination α with respect to the traveling direction A in a side view.
A foldable work seat 6 equipped with is removably pulled to the rear part of the machine body 1 to configure a harvesting device 7,
As the traveling machine body 1 advances, the worker B seated on the work seat 6 hands over the onions that have been left unloaded in the field to the harvesting mechanism 4.

In the harvesting mechanism 4, two sets of onion carrying-in paths 9 and 9 are arranged between the frames 8a and 8b which are vertically erected on the machine body 1, and the carrying-in paths 9 and 9 are provided. A bevel case 1 in which root cutting units 10 and 10 that can move up and down corresponding to each other are arranged, and are linked and linked to the engine 3.
Drive pulleys 13a, 13b and 14 on the output shaft 12
Is coaxially supported and the driving force is transmitted to the carry-in path 9 and the root cutting units 10 and 10 via the transmission belts 15 and 16.

The carry-in paths 9 and 9 are juxtaposed from the rear portion of the machine body 1 toward the front portion thereof at a predetermined interval, and the pair of main conveyer belt mechanisms 18 for nipping and conveying the bulb portion 17a of the onion 17. , 18 and two sets of sub-conveying belt mechanisms 19 and 19 for nipping and conveying the fine stem portion 17b of the onion 17 at positions below the main conveying belt mechanisms 18 and 18, respectively, are biased to the lateral sides of the crawler devices 2 and 2, respectively. A shooter 9a formed in a gutter shape in the width direction of the machine body is provided on the conveyance end side of the carry-in paths 9 and 9 from the high side of one side of the body 1 to the other side of the low side. The onions 17 are obliquely provided, and extend backward from the other side to the rear of the machine body 1 so as to guide the onion 17 shaped only to the bulb portion 17a to the outside of the machine. Further, below the carrying end of each of the carry-in paths 9 and 9, a discharge conveyor mechanism 9b for carrying the narrow stem portion 17b cut by the root cutting cutter 20 described later in the machine width direction.
Are arranged in the front-rear direction of the machine body 1 with the conveyance end position C as the center of the width of the conveyance belt, and the thin stalk portion 17 is cut.
b as the traveling machine body 1 advances, the discharge conveyor mechanism 9b
Is discharged to the outer side of the machine via a stem discharge shooter 9b 'obliquely provided at the discharge end.

The main conveyor belt mechanism 18 has driving rollers 22a and 22a and driven rollers 22b and 22b at both ends of support frames 21 and 21 having an intermediate portion bent in a concave shape in a side view.
And downwardly rotatably supporting the rollers 22a, 2 and
The main transport belts 23, 23 are wound between 2b.

Further, the sub-transport belt mechanism 19 coaxially adjoins the upper drive pulley 25a and the lower drive pulley 25b coaxially to the front end of the inclined frame 24 installed between the frames 8a and 8b, and the inclination is concerned. An upper belt pulley 26a and a lower belt pulley 26b are coaxially supported at the rear end of the frame 24, and the upper drive pulley 25a is also provided.
The vertical gap between the lower drive pulley 25b and the lower drive pulley 25b is set to be larger than the vertical gap between the upper belt pulley 26a and the lower belt pulley 26b, and the first pulley is set between the upper pulleys 25a and 26a and between the lower pulleys 25b and 26b. Sub transport belt 27
When the second sub-transport belt 28 and the second sub-transport belt 28 are respectively wound, the second sub-transport belt 28 is viewed from the side.
Sub-conveyance belt mechanism 1 so that it is spread forward with respect to 7.
9, and further includes the upper drive pulley 25a.
A disc-shaped stem cutting cutter 29 is rotatably supported in parallel with the conveyance direction of the sub-conveyance belt mechanism 19 at a position near the upper and lower sides of the lower drive pulley 25b and the lower side drive pulley 25b.
0 and the cutter pulley 31, 32 through the output shaft 12
Is linked to.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, in the main conveyor belt mechanism 18, the coil ammunition 33c is fitted and inserted into the shafts 33b which are respectively inserted through the vertical side surfaces of the guide plates 33a and 33a so as to face each other. Both supporting frames 2 are attached to a sliding plate 33d that is elastically held by a bullet 33c.
Main conveyor belt 2 is equipped with 1 and 21 that can be opened and closed.
In the direction of narrowing the space between 3, 23, the support frame 21,
21 is urged to expand and swing the support frames 21, 21 in the horizontal direction in accordance with the size of the bulb portion 17a of the onion 17 sandwiched between the main conveyor belts 23, 23, and the support frame 21, Supply port covers 34, 34 for covering the upper and lower drive pulleys 25a, 25b from above are arranged on the carry-in side of the drive rollers 22a, 22a of 21 from left to right, and are guided toward the supply guide path. Surface 35, 3
Nos. 5 are provided so as to be opposed to each other so that the supply of the onions 17 can be easily guided.

As shown in FIG. 4, the root cutting units 10 and 10 are housings 36 and 3 each formed in a hollow box shape.
On the upper surface of the root-cutting cutter 20 in which the rotating brushes 37, 37 whose rotation directions are different from each other in opposite directions are axially supported in the inside of the shaft 6, and which are also supported by the rotating shaft 38 via the transmission belts 15, 15, are the above-mentioned rotating brush 37. , 37, and the root cutting cutter 20 cuts the narrow root portion 17c of the bulb portion 17a that has been erected by the upward rotational drive of the rotary brush 37.

The casings 36, 36 are mounted on the ends of swing links 39a, 39b, which are installed on the upper part of the frame 8b with their rotation base ends offset horizontally from each other. It is supported movably up and down via a coil ammunition 40 suspended between the upper part of 8b and the tip of the rocking link 39b. The rod sensor 41 that offsets the self-weight drop of the cutting units 10 and 10 to improve the vertical swing sensitivity of the root cutting units 10 and 10 and senses the height of the bulb portion 17a is the same as that of the root cutting units 10 and 10. From the rear surface, the main conveyor belt mechanism 18 and the sub conveyor belt mechanism 1
9 is projected toward the loading start end side of the bulb 9, and the bulb portion 17a
The root cutting unit 1 by the rod sensor 41 contacting the upper part of the
Root cutting cutters 20, 20
The cutting position of is automatically changed.

The rod sensor 41 includes a mounting bracket 42.
It is fixed to the rear surfaces of the casings 36, 36 via a, 42b, and has a structure in which the vertical fixing position can be adjusted by a fixing bolt 43 and an adjusting bolt 44, and the rod sensor 41 itself includes a pair of sensor plates. 41a, 41a are arranged side by side with a predetermined interval, and each sensor plate 41a, 41a
It is configured so that the lower surface of a is brought into contact with the upper surface of the bulb portion 17a of the onion 17.

Further, the shooter 9a for discharging the shaped onion 17 to the outside of the machine is located on the conveyance end side of the main conveyance belt mechanism 18 as shown in FIG. An extension shooter 45b that extends toward the lower side of the apparatus and that is inclined toward the rear of the device via a corner portion 45a is detachably attached to the discharge tip end portion thereof. Therefore, by removing the corner portion 45a and directly connecting the shooter 9a and the extension shooter 45b, the discharging direction of the shaped bulb portion 17a can be switched from the rear side of the device to the lateral side of the device.

The shooter 9a, the corner portion 45a and the extension shooter 45b are hollow round pipes 46, 46.
... are arranged side by side so as to be substantially U-shaped in cross section, and the bulb portion 17a to be discharged is a hollow round pipe 46, 4
6 ... Rolling resistance decreases when moving above, so discharge can be performed smoothly, and the cut stalks 17b
Even if the bulge is projected, the hollow round pipes 46, 46 do not catch due to the space between them. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, the shooter 9a and the extension shooter 45b are formed into an L-shaped bottom surface 47 of a shooter body 47.
The slits 47b, 47b having elongated holes are formed in a in the conveyance direction, or as shown in FIG. 11, a pair of radially raised brushes 48, 48 are provided on both sides of the extension shooter 45b from the upper side to the lower side. If it is arranged so as to face, it becomes possible to discharge while removing mud, foreign matters and the like adhering to the bulb portion 17a.

On the other hand, the working seat 6 is provided at the rear end of the seat frame 49 connected from the center of the rear part of the machine body 1 to the rear, and is offset from the running center of the machine body 1 to the right. The seat frame 49 has a connecting mechanism 50.
It can be folded up and down via. In addition, the working seat 6 itself is provided with a pivot shaft 51 provided at the rear portion of the lower portion of the seat surface.
Is supported so as to be swingable back and forth, and can flexibly respond to the forward bending motion and the returning motion of the worker B by the compression / extension operation of the coil ammunition 52 attached to the front portion. Further, the tail wheel 5 supporting the rear part of the work seat 6 is
It is configured so that it can be compactly stored in a space 53 formed with a height h from the lower surface of the work seat 6 to the traveling surface.

In the above construction, when the onion 17 is to be harvested while the machine body 1 is traveling in the field, first, the worker B seated on the work seat 6 moves to the field scene as the machine body 1 advances. The picked-up onions 17, 17 ... are picked up, and then the onions 17 are placed in an inverted state in which the fine stems 17b are hung downward, and the onion 17 is supplied to the supply port covers 3 of the respective loading paths 9, 9.
If placed on the upper surface of Nos. 4 and 34 respectively, the onions 17
Immediately after the sub-conveying belt mechanism 19 is started to be loaded, the bulb portion 17a has the main conveying belt 23 of the main conveying belt mechanism 18,
The thin portion 17b is sandwiched by the sub-transport belts 27 and 28 of the sub-transport belt mechanism 19, and the narrow portion 17b is integrally transported toward the front portion of the machine body 1.

The onion 17 is attached to the lower edge of the rod sensor 41.
When the top of the rod contacts, the rod sensor 41 moves up and down according to the height of the bulb portion 17a, and accordingly, the entire root cutting unit 10 moves up and down via the swing links 39a and 39b. , The bulb portion 17a is the rotating brush 37, 3
When reaching the lower region of 7, the fine root portion 17c at the top is erected from the lower side to the upper side by the rotational force of the rotary brush 37, and the fine root portion 17c in the standing state is the bulb portion 17a.
The root-cutting cutter 20 that rotates regardless of the height of the blade cuts the bulb 17a at a predetermined length from the top.

Next, each of the above-mentioned conveyor belt mechanisms 18 and 19
When the sandwiching conveyance of the onion 17 by the further progresses, the interval between the sub-conveying belts 27 and 28 of the sub-conveying belt mechanism 19 gradually expands, and the thin stem portion 17b sandwiched between the sub-conveying belts 27 and 28 is sandwiched. The tension state increases, and in this state, the stem cutting portion 29 is cut by the stem cutting cutters 29, 29,
After that, the cut fine stem portion 17b falls on the discharge conveyor mechanism 9b provided below the carry-in paths 9, 9 and is discharged to the side of the machine body 1.

Thereafter, the bulb portion 17a shaped by cutting both the fine stem portion 17b and the fine root portion 17c as described above.
Is a shooter 9 provided on the carrying end side of the carry-in paths 9, 9.
It will be continuously discharged out of the machine through a and the extension shooter 45b. Therefore, one onion removed
From the harvesting of 7 to the shaping thereof can be collectively performed on the machine body 1 traveling as a series of operations, and it is possible to improve workability and improve product quality at the same time.

In a series of operations from the harvesting of onions 17 to the shaping thereof, the work seat 6 is arranged so as to be offset from the center of the rear part of the machine body 1 to the right side.
At the time of harvesting work in the field, it becomes easy to pick up the onions that have been left and right on the right side of the machine body 1, and the physical burden on the worker B is reduced, and the bulb portion 17a after shaping is reduced.
Can sufficiently secure the discharge space X on the left side of the movement of the seat frame 49, and the body 1 of the discharged bulb portion 17a
By suppressing the scattering in the rear, the work of collecting the bulb portion 17a can be efficiently performed.

In this embodiment, the root cutting unit 1
Although a configuration is shown in which 0 and 10 are movably supported up and down via swing links 39a and 39b that support the housings 36 and 36, and a coil ammunition 40, as shown in FIGS. If the conveyor belts 57, 57 are constructed by winding the conveyor belts 56, 56 around belt pulleys 55, 55, which are respectively equipped with coil ammunition machines 54, 54 ..., The root cutting units 10, 10 are fixed at predetermined positions. In this state, the belt pulleys 55, 55 move up and down under the weight of the onion 17 due to the large and small shapes of the bulb portion 17a of the onion 17, and the upper portion of the bulb portion 17a abutting the rod sensor 41 is always the root cutting cutter 20. , 20 are held at the cutting positions, and the cutting operation of the narrow root portion 17c can be performed without requiring a complicated configuration using the swing links 39a, 39b and the like.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotary blade 5 is located below the intermediate conveyance area of the main conveyor belt 23.
When the auxiliary conveying pulleys 59, 59 provided coaxially with 8, 58 are arranged, the thin blade portion 17b of the onion 17 is conveyed by the rotary blades 58, 58 intersecting with the conveying path 23a of the main conveying belt 23. It can be cut in, and the complicated structure of the stem cutting cutter 29 can be eliminated.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15, arc-shaped notched slopes 60, 60 ... Are formed on the outer periphery of the upper drive pulleys 25a, 25a forming the sub-transport belt mechanisms 19, 19 so as to drive the upper drive. A substantially circular space 61 is formed between the pulleys 25a, 25a facing each other.
7 can be delivered to the carry-in route 9 in a stable posture.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, the bulb portion 17
The drive rollers 22a, 22a for sandwiching a are formed in a V-shaped cross-section on the winding peripheral surface to bend the center of conveyance of the main conveyor belts 23, 23, or on both longitudinal edges of the main conveyor belts 23, 23. If the flanges 23b and 23b are formed to project, the outer surface of the bulb 17a can be reliably clamped, and more stable clamping and conveyance can be performed.

[0028]

In summary, according to the present invention, a conveyor belt for sandwiching and conveying an inverted onion is provided on the traveling machine body so that the onions can be conveyed while cutting the onions and bulbs. In the onion harvesting device, the work frame of the worker who connects the seat frame from the rear center of the traveling machine body toward the rear of the machine body and collects the onions that have been left unloaded in the field from the traveling center of the traveling machine body. Since it is mounted on the rear end of the above seat frame by displacing it to either the right side or the left side, it is possible to collectively perform from onion harvesting to shaping it as a series of operations, promoting labor saving. At the same time, the onion harvesting work can be performed efficiently with uniform quality without deviation, and the work seats are arranged to be offset from the center of the rear part of the machine to the left and right, so that the machine can be removed to the field while the machine is running. It is possible to easily pick up the placed onions, not only to reduce the physical burden on the worker, but also to ensure a sufficient discharge space for the bulbs after shaping that has been carried out, This has an extremely useful new effect that the subsequent bulb collecting operation can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a harvesting device.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view with a part of the harvesting device omitted.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a main part with a part omitted.

FIG. 4A is a plan view of a main part of the root cutting unit.
(B) is a side view same as the above.

FIG. 5A is a plan view of a main part of a supply port cover.
FIG. 3B is a sectional view of the main part of the same as above.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a mounting structure of a support frame.

FIG. 7A is a plan view of a main conveyor belt mechanism.
(B) is a front view same as the above.

FIG. 8A is a plan view of relevant parts showing the arrangement of a rotary blade and an auxiliary conveyance pulley. (B) is a side view same as the above.

FIG. 9A is a plan view of a shooter. (B) is a side view same as the above. (C) is an operation explanatory view showing a positional relationship between the shooter on the machine body and the conveyor mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of an essential part showing another example of the shooter.

FIG. 11A is a plan view of a main part showing another example of a shooter provided with a brush. (B) is an operation explanatory view showing a brush and a bulb portion.

FIG. 12A is a side view of a main part of a conveyor belt mechanism in which a conveyor belt is wound around a belt pulley having a coil ammunition shaft mounted thereon. (B) is a front view of the main part of the same.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view showing a sandwiching and conveying state of small-diameter onions.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view showing a sandwiching and conveying state of a large-diameter onion.

FIG. 15A is a plan view of an essential part showing another example of the upper drive pulley. (B) is a front view of the main part of the same.

FIG. 16A is a front view of a main portion of another example of the drive roller. (B) is a front view of a main part of another example of the main transport belt.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Aircraft B Worker 6 Work Seat 7 Harvester 17 Onion 17b Fine stem 17a Bulb 17c Fine root 18 Main conveyor belt mechanism 19 Sub conveyor belt mechanism 23 Main conveyor belt 49 Seat frame B Worker

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An onion harvesting device, which is provided with a conveyor belt for sandwiching and conveying an inverted onion on a traveling machine body, and is configured to convey while cutting the onion fine stem portion and the bulb fine root portion. The seat frame of the operator who connects the seat frame from the rear center of the traveling machine body to the rear of the machine body and collects the onions that have been removed from the field, either on the right side or the left side of the traveling center of the traveling machine body. An onion harvesting device, which is deviated from the above and mounted on the rear end of the seat frame. 2. An onion harvesting device, which is provided with a conveyor belt for sandwiching and conveying an inverted onion on a traveling machine body and configured to convey while cutting the onion fine stem portion and the bulb fine root portion. The seat frame is connected from the rear center of the traveling machine body toward the rear of the machine body, and the rear end is equipped with a worker's work seat for collecting the onions removed from the field, and the seating surface of the work seat is An onion harvesting device, wherein the onion harvesting device is arranged so as to be offset from the connection center of the seat frame to either the right side or the left side.