JP3784395B2 - Onion harvesting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvesting device that harvests onions that have been withdrawn from the field, and in particular, cuts smoothly and reliably while conveying the onion stalks and fine roots of the onions that are taken along with the movement of the traveling machine body, and the harvesting operation is performed. The present invention relates to an onion harvesting apparatus that can be efficiently performed.

Generally, onions sold through storefronts or other distribution mechanisms are made only from the bulbs used for food, so the stalks and roots of the harvested onions are cut manually and shaped. It is supposed to ship after doing.
However, in the shaping work of the harvested onion as described above, a lot of manpower and work time are required, and the shaped onion is likely to vary, and it is difficult to ensure uniform quality as a product, In particular, cutting of fine roots, which are much finer and more numerous than the stalks, and tend to fall, requires advanced techniques, and the cutting work requires a lot of work time. Combined with the large amount, the work efficiency is remarkably lowered.
JP 53-38538 A

The present invention, harvesting of onion view of the above-mentioned circumstances, there was conceived in its development to pursue the securing of improving the quality of the workability in shaping, improving the quality of the improvement and product work with It is intended to provide an onion harvesting device that can achieve both of these.

In order to solve the above problems, the technical means adopted by the present invention is an onion harvesting device in which an engine and a harvesting mechanism transmitted from the engine are mounted on a traveling machine body having a pair of crawler devices on the left and right. The harvesting mechanism includes an onion carrying path for nipping and conveying the onion by the conveying belt mechanism, a stem cutting cutter and a root cutting cutter for cutting the onion thin stem portion and the fine root portion conveyed on the carrying path, Equipped with a shooter that guides and guides the onion, which has been cut into thin bulbs and fine roots and shaped only into bulbs, to the outside of the machine, the engine and the harvesting mechanism are mounted side by side in the longitudinal direction of the machine, and the loading route is opposite to the engine The operator picks up the onions that are removed from the field scene at the transfer start end of the loading path located on the one end side of the machine body. And configured to supply, to the transfer terminal end side of the carrying path located on the engine side, the shooter and is characterized by comprising forming the body width direction.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the harvested onion can be immediately shaped on the traveling machine body, so that it is possible to easily achieve the labor saving and the shortening of the work time required for the pre-work before the shipment.

The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an airframe having a pair of crawler devices 2 and 2 on the left and right sides. An engine 3 is mounted on the front of the airframe 1, and an onion harvesting mechanism 4 is located on the rear of the engine 3 on the main body. Are mounted side by side, and the onion harvesting mechanism 4 is obliquely installed in front and rear and low in a side view with respect to the aircraft traveling direction A, and a foldable work seat 6 equipped with a tail wheel 5 is mounted on the vehicle body 1. The harvesting device 7 is configured to be detachably pulled at the rear part, and the onion that is left on the field by the worker B seated on the work seat 6 as the traveling body 1 travels is carried into the harvesting mechanism 4. It is like that.

  The harvesting mechanism 4 is provided with two sets of onion carrying paths 9 and 9 arranged in a front-rear and a rear-lower state in a side view between frames 8 a and 8 b erected on the body 1 in a rearwardly inclined manner, and Driven pulleys 13 a, 13 b, and 14 are connected to an output shaft 12 of a bevel case 11 that is connected to the engine 3 in an up and down position. Are coaxially supported so that the driving force is transmitted to the carry-in path 9 and the root cutting units 10 and 10 via the transmission belts 15 and 16.

Each of the carry-in paths 9, 9 is arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval from one end side of the rear part of the body 1 toward the front engine 3 side , and two sets of first sets that sandwich and convey the bulb 17 a of the onion 17. Crawlers, and two sets of second conveyor belt mechanisms 19 and 19 that sandwich and convey the stalk 17b of the onion 17 at a position below the first conveyor belt mechanisms 18 and 18, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the apparatus 2, 2 is deviated to the side of the arrangement position of the apparatus 2, and is arranged at the conveyance end side of the carry-in paths 9, 9 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. A shooter 9a formed in a hook shape in the direction is obliquely provided from one high side to the other low side of the body 1, and is further extended backward from the other side to the rear of the body 1 so that the bulb is The onion 17 shaped to 17a only is guided and guided outside the machine. A discharge conveyor mechanism 9b that transports a stem portion 17b cut by stem cutting cutters 29 and 29, which will be described later, in the width direction of the machine body is also provided below each of the carry-in paths 9 and 9. With the progress of 1, the stalk 17 b is discharged to the outside of the machine.

The first conveyor belt mechanism 18 is provided with a driving roller 21, 21 and a driven roller 22, 22 that are axially supported adjacent to each other at both ends of a support frame 20, 20 having a concave middle portion when viewed from the side. The conveyor belts 23 and 23 are wound between the rollers 21 and 22.
Further, the second transport belt mechanism 19 supports the upper drive pulley 25a and the lower drive pulley 25b coaxially adjacent to each other at the front end of the inclined frame 24 provided between the frames 8a and 8b, and the inclined frame 24 24, the upper driven pulley 26a and the lower driven pulley 26b are coaxially supported at the rear end thereof, and the vertical distance between the upper driven pulley 25a and the lower driven pulley 25b is set to the upper driven pulley 26a and the lower driven pulley. When the upper auxiliary belt 27 and the lower auxiliary belt 28 are wound between the upper pulleys 25a and 26a and between the lower pulleys 25b and 26b, respectively, the lower auxiliary belt 28 is set to be larger than the vertical distance from the pulley 26b. The second conveyor belt mechanism 19 is configured to be expanded with respect to the upper auxiliary belt 27 in a side view. Further, a disc-shaped stem cutting cutter 29 is rotatably supported in parallel with the conveying direction of the second conveying belt mechanism 19 at a position between the upper and lower sides of the upper driving pulley 25a and the lower driving pulley 25b. Are coupled to the output shaft 12 via a cutter belt 30 and cutter pulleys 31 and 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the first conveyor belt mechanism 18 is energized in the form of a coil in the vicinity of the drive rollers 21 and 21 of the support frames 20 and 20 that are separated and parallel to each other. An ammunition machine 33 is straddled between the support frames 20 and 20, and always urges the support frames 20 and 20 in the direction of narrowing the interval between the conveyor belts 23 and 23, and the driven rollers of the support frames 20 and 20. 22 and 22 are fixed to the intermediate portion in the vicinity of the 22 and 22 side, and projecting rods 35 and 35 for locking one end of the urging ammunition 34 and 34 are integrally fixed, and the other end of the coil ammunition 34 and 34 is connected to the inclined frame 24. The support frames 20, 20 are expanded in the horizontal direction according to the size of the bulb 17a of the onion 17 sandwiched between the conveyor belts 23, 23 extending from the driven rollers 22, 22 to the drive rollers 21, 21. To swing open And Tsu, the first conveyor belt mechanism 18, 18 is to operate independently of each corresponding to each mechanism 18, 18.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the root cutting units 10 and 10 have rotary shafts 37 and 37 penetrating through the upper surfaces of the casings 36 and 36 in the casings 36 and 36 respectively formed in a hollow box shape. The driven pulleys 38a and 38b around which the transmission belts 15 and 15 are wound are coaxially supported on the rotary shafts 37 and 37, and at the lower ends of the rotary shafts 37 and 37 in the housings 36 and 36, Disk-shaped root cutting cutters 39, 39 are horizontally supported. Further, a pair of rotating brushes 40, 40 that stand up the fine root portion 17c of the bulb 17a facing the cutting position on the peripheral surfaces of the root cutting cutters 39, 39 are axially supported in a superposed manner at a predetermined interval. The rotational driving force of the rotary shafts 37, 37 transmitted to the bevel gear case 42 via the input pulleys 41a, 41b and the input belt 41c is transmitted by the transmission belt 44a wound between the output pulley 43 and the transmission pulley 44. The rotating brushes 40, 40 are pivotally supported on the driving pulleys 46a, 46b of the support shafts 45, 45, and the rotating brushes 40, 40 are rotated in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction so that in the overlapping region. The fine root portion 17c of the onion 17 is configured to stand upward from below.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the casings 36 and 36 are pivotally supported at the distal ends of swing links 47a and 47b each having a pivot base end installed on the upper portion of the frame 8b, and are supported so as to be movable up and down. The wrinkle sensors 48 and 48 for detecting the height of the bulb 17a project from the rear surfaces of the root cutting units 10 and 10 toward the loading start end side of the first and second transport belt mechanisms 18 and 19. In addition, there is a gap between the base ends of the heel sensors 48 and 48 and the edges of the lower surface cover portions 36a and 36a of the casings 36 and 36, facing the cutting position of the root cutting cutters 39 and 39. a is formed, and when the root cutting units 10 and 10 are moved up and down in conjunction with the vertical swing sensing of the heel sensors 48 and 48, the cutting positions of the root cutting cutters 39 and 39 are automatically changed, and Invite fine root 17c of onion 17 into gap a It is configured to guide.

Reference numerals 49 and 49 denote coil machines installed between the upper end of the frame 8b and the lower swing link 47b. The weight drop of the cutting units 10 and 10 is offset, and the vertical swing sensitivity of the root cutting units 10 and 10 is improved.
50 and 50 are supply tables which cover the upper surfaces of the upper driven pulleys 26a and 26a around which the upper auxiliary belts 27 and 27 are wound. The supply tables 50 and 50 are provided between the upper upper belt 27 and the lower auxiliary belt 28 which face each other. The onion 17 that is carried in an inverted state is placed on the upper surface between the supply tables 50 and 50 to regulate the conveyance position of the bulb 17a. , 51 can be moved up and down by adjustment.

In the configuration as described above, when the harvesting operation of the onion 17 is performed while the machine body 1 is traveling in the field, first, the worker B seated on the work seat 6 is withdrawn in the field scene as the machine body 1 advances. The onions 17, 17... Are picked up, and then the onions 17 are sequentially placed on the conveyance supply tables 50, 50 provided at the conveyance start ends of the respective carry-in paths 9, 9 in an inverted state in which the stalk 17 b is suspended downward. It only has to be placed.

  At this time, the onion 17 placed is transported with the stalk portion 17b being sandwiched between the upper secondary belts 27, 27 and the lower secondary belts 28, 28 of the preceding second transport belt mechanism 19. Immediately thereafter, the bulb 17a is sandwiched between the transport belts 23 and 23 of the first transport belt mechanism 18 and is transported integrally toward the front portion of the machine body 1.

  When the top of the onion 17 comes into contact with the lower edge of the heel sensor 48, the heel sensor 48 moves up and down according to the height of the bulb 17a, and the root cutting unit 10 as a whole is linked to the swing link. When the bulb 17a reaches the rotation range of the rotary brushes 40, 40, that is, when the rotary brushes 40, 40 reach the gap a, the fine root portion 17c is located at the gap a position. Is raised from the lower side to the upper side, and the fine root portion 17c in the standing state is cut by a predetermined length from the top of the bulb 17a regardless of the height of the bulb 17a by the rotating root cutting cutter 39. become.

  Next, when the holding and conveying of the onion 17 by each of the conveying belt mechanisms 18 and 19 further proceeds, the interval between the upper and lower auxiliary belts 27 and 28 of the second conveying belt mechanism 19 gradually increases, and the upper and lower auxiliary belts 27 and 28 and In this state, the stalk portion 17b is cut by the stalk cutters 29 and 29. Here, the cut stalk portion 17b falls onto the discharge conveyor mechanism 9b provided below the carry-in paths 9 and 9, and is discharged outward.

Thereafter, the bulb 17a shaped by cutting both the thin stem portion 17b and the fine root portion 17c as described above is removed from the machine via the shooter 9a provided on the conveyance end side of the carry-in paths 9, 9. It will be released continuously.
Therefore, from the harvesting of the onion 17 that has been left to the shaping thereof can be performed collectively on the machine body 1 that travels as a series of operations, both improvement in workability and improvement in product quality can be achieved. it can.

It is a whole side view. It is an enlarged side view of the principal part. It is effect | action explanatory drawing which shows the transmission state from an engine to each part. (A) is an effect explanatory view showing operation of the 1st and 2nd conveyance belt mechanisms and a root cutting unit. (B) is a side view of an essential part of the above. It is a principal part top view of a supply table. (A) is a top view of a 1st conveyance belt mechanism. (B) is a front view of the same. (C) is a side view of the same as above. It is a partially abbreviated top view which shows arrangement | positioning of a shooter and a discharge conveyor mechanism. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Airframe 7 Harvesting apparatus 9 Carry-in route 10 Root cutting unit 17 Onion 17a Bulb 17b Bulb portion 17c Fine root portion 18 First conveyance belt mechanism 19 Second conveyance belt mechanism 27 Upper auxiliary belt 28 Lower auxiliary belt 39 Root cutting cutter 40 Rotating brush 48 杆 sensor

Claims (1)

An onion harvesting device in which an engine and a harvesting mechanism transmitted from the engine are mounted on a traveling machine body having a pair of crawler devices on the left and right, the harvesting mechanism including an onion that sandwiches and conveys the onion by a conveyor belt mechanism. Carry-in route, stem-cutting cutter and root-cutting cutter for cutting the onion's thin stem part and fine root part, and the onion that is cut into the stem and fine root part and shaped only into bulbs A shooter that guides and guides the outside of the machine, the engine and the harvesting mechanism are mounted side by side in the longitudinal direction of the machine body, and the carry-in path is provided so as to convey the onion from the machine one end side opposite to the engine toward the engine side, It is configured so that the operator can pick up and supply the onions removed from the field scene at the transport start end of the carry-in route located on the one end side of the machine body, and the carry-on route located on the engine side The feed end side, the shooter, onion harvesting apparatus characterized by comprising forming the body width direction.

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