JPH08276346A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To discharge chips stored inside of a cover member to cover the opening at the upper surface of a carriage, to the outer side. CONSTITUTION: A cover member 31 hung down at the front side of a carriage, and a chain member 40 form a U-shape at the lower side of the carriage, and when the chain member 40 is positioned at the lowermost point of the U-shape by the movement of a column, the chips 44 stored inside the cover member 31 are dropped and discharged to the outer side.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool having a column movable on at least one direction on a carriage, and more particularly to a machine tool having a cover member for covering an opening on the upper surface of the carriage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG.
In 01, a spindle head 106 holding a tool 107 for machining a workpiece (workpiece) (not shown) is provided, and a column 105 for supporting the spindle head 106.
However, the carriage 104 is provided so as to be movable in the front-back direction on a carriage 104 that is movable in the left-right direction. This carriage 104
Which is a drive mechanism for moving the column 105 to the
The shaft feed screw 117, the Z-axis feed screw nut 116, the Z-axis guide 115, and the like are exposed upward, and a cover member 131 is provided so as to cover the upper surface opening. The cover member 131 prevents chips and cutting oil from entering the drive mechanism during machining. Since the column 105 moves in the front-rear direction and the top surface opening length of the cover member 131 changes greatly, one end 131a of the cover member 131 is attached to the lower end of the front surface on the column 105 side so as to correspond to this. The other end 131b of the cover member 131 is attached to the carriage 105.
04, hang it on the front side of the carriage 104,
After that, it is bent in a U shape and fixed to the carriage 104.

[0003]

However, in the conventional machine tool 101, as shown in FIG. 11, after the cover member 131 hangs down to the front side of the carriage 104, the cover member 131 is fixed to the carriage 104. Therefore, there is a problem that the chips 144 are accumulated inside the cover member 131, and the chips 144 impede the smooth movement of the column.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to provide a machine tool capable of discharging the chips accumulated inside the cover member.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, a machine tool according to a first aspect of the present invention is such that one end is fixed to a column and the other end covers an upper surface opening of the carriage to a side surface of the carriage. In order to form a drooping cover member and an opening portion for dropping the chips accumulated inside the cover member to the outside, one end is attached to the carriage and the other end is attached to the other end of the cover member. And means. Therefore, the cover member fixes one end to the column and hangs the other end side to the side surface of the carriage while covering the upper surface opening of the carriage, and the opening forming means drops the chips accumulated inside the cover member to the outside. One end is attached to the carriage and the other end is attached to the other end of the cover member to form the.

A machine tool according to a second aspect of the present invention is, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, a chain member in which an open portion forming means is attached to the other end of the cover member, and the open portion forming means is the cover member. At the same time, a U-shape is formed below the carriage, and when the opening forming means is located at the lowermost point of the U-shape due to the movement of the column, the chips accumulated inside the cover member from the opening to the outside. It is designed to be dropped. Therefore, when the opening forming means is located at the lowermost point of the U-shape by the movement of the column, the chips accumulated inside the cover member are dropped from the opening to the outside.

Further, in the machine tool according to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, the column is moved every time the tool is changed, and the chips accumulated inside the cover member are dropped to the outside by the release portion forming means. The structure is such that an open portion is formed.

According to a fourth aspect of the machine tool, in addition to the structure of the second aspect, the column is moved after a predetermined time has passed from the start of processing, and the chips accumulated inside the cover member by the release portion forming means are moved to the outside. It has a configuration in which an opening portion for dropping is formed.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool 1 according to this embodiment. This machine tool 1 is referred to as a horizontal machining center for horizontally cutting or performing other work on a work (not shown) placed on a rotary table 2. A carriage 4 is provided on the base 3 so as to be movable in the X-axis (horizontal) direction with reference to a horizontally placed work, and a column 5 is provided on the carriage 4 so as to be movable in the Z-axis (front-back) direction. 5, a spindle head 6 is provided so as to be movable in the Y-axis (up and down) direction. A tool 7 for processing a work is attached to the spindle head 6.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which an X-axis cover 51, which will be described later, is removed from the machine tool 1 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the carriage 4 is mounted on the X-axis guide 11 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction.
Further, at the bottom of the carriage 4, the X-axis feed screw nut 1
2 is fixed, and an X-axis feed screw 13 is screwed into the X-axis feed screw nut 12.
Is connected to the X-axis motor 14, and the rotation of the X-axis motor 14 controls the rotation of the X-axis feed screw 13 to control the movement of the carriage 4 in the X-axis direction.

Next, the column 5 is placed on the Z-axis guide 15 and
It is mounted so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, a Z-axis feed screw nut 16 is fixed to the lower portion of the column 5, and a Z-axis feed screw 17 is screwed into the Z-axis feed screw nut 16. The Z-axis feed screw 17 is connected to the Z-axis motor 18, and when the Z-axis motor 18 rotates, the Z-axis feed screw 17 is rotationally controlled and the column 5 is movement-controlled in the Z-axis direction.

The spindle head 6 is a Y mounted on the column 5.
It is guided by the shaft guide 19 and held so as to be movable in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction). A Y-axis feed screw nut 20 is fixed to the spindle head 6, and a Y-axis feed screw nut 20 is attached to the Y-axis feed screw nut 20.
The axis feed screw 21 is screwed, and the Y axis feed screw 21 is
The Y-axis feed screw 21 is connected to the shaft motor 22 and is rotated to control the rotation of the Y-axis feed screw 21, and the spindle head 6 is controlled to move in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction).

The spindle head 6 is connected to a spindle motor 23 provided on the back surface of the column 5 by a rotation transmission mechanism (not shown), and the spindle 6a of the spindle head 6 is rotationally controlled by the spindle motor 23. .

Here, the rotary table 2 is rotatably provided on a rotary table base 2a provided on the base 3, and is rotationally controlled by a B-axis motor 24 provided on a side surface of the rotary table base 2a. To be done.

Next, the cover member 3 which is the main part of the present invention.
The mechanism related to 1 will be described.

Since the column 5 moves back and forth (moves in the Z-axis direction) with respect to the carriage 4, the drive mechanism portion such as the Z-axis feed screw 17, the Z-axis feed screw nut 16 and the like as shown by the broken line in FIG. The upper surface of the carriage 4 is opened so that the carriage 4 is exposed. In order to prevent chips and cutting oil from entering the drive mechanism section through the upper surface opening, as shown in FIGS. A cover member 31 is provided so as to cover the upper surface opening. Here, in order to move the column 5 back and forth (movement in the Z-axis direction), the carriage 4
Since the depth length of the upper surface opening changes, and the carriage 4 itself moves in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), the cover member 31 needs to cope with the movement changes. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
One end side (moving portion) 31c of the column 5 is the lower end portion 5a of the front surface of the column 5.
1 and 2, the other end side 31b hangs down through the top opening of the carriage 4 toward the front side of the carriage 4, and the weight of the material of the front side hanging portion of the cover member 31 Tension is applied to the portion passing through the top opening. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, two chain members 40 are attached to the other end portion 31b of the cover member 31, and the chain member 40 is fixed to the fixing portion 4a provided on the lower end side of the carriage 4. There is.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, two sliding members 32 are arranged in parallel at the front end of the carriage 4.
The cover member 31 slides and moves on the sliding member 32. Further, the cover member 31 passes through the upper opening of the carriage 4 and moves substantially horizontally.
It is made of a material such that the weight per unit length of the portion 31b hanging vertically to the front side of the carriage 4 and moving vertically is larger than the weight per unit length of a. Specifically, as the member of the horizontally moving portion of the cover member 31, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 6, the sheet-like rubber plate member 33 is horizontally (vertically to the paper surface of FIG. 6). A bar member 34 having a curved upper surface and a flat lower surface, and a washer 35 and a rivet 36.
I am using the one that is installed by. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the vertically moving portion 31b of the cover member 31 has a rectangular cross section having a configuration different from that of the above-mentioned bar member 34.
Heavier rods are used. In the present embodiment, the washer 35 is made of a rigid metal material, and the washer 35 comes into contact with the sliding member 32 to cover the cover member 3.
1, the soft rubber plate member 33 comes into direct contact with the sliding member 32 so that the cover member 3
It is advantageous in terms of wear resistance as compared with the case where 1 is slid.

Next, the chain member 40 will be described. The chain member 40 corresponds to an opening forming means, and one end 40a of the chain member 40 has a fixed portion 4a of the carriage 4 as shown in FIGS.
And the other end 40b is attached to the other end 31d of the cover member 31. Then, the chain member 40
Forms an opening 50 between the carriage 4 and the cover member 31, as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the chain member 40 is configured to form a U-shape below the carriage 4 together with the cover member 31, and the column 5 moves to the Z-axis-direction stroke end. As shown in FIG. 5, when the chain member 40 is located at the lowermost point of the U-shape, the chips 44 accumulated inside the cover member 31.
Is configured to drop by gravity from the open portion 50 to the outside.

Next, in the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment, in order to prevent chips and cutting oil from adhering to the X-axis feed screw 13 and the X-axis feed screw nut 12, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3,
An X-axis cover member 51 is provided on the carriage 4. The X-axis cover member 51 is composed of five plate members on one side so that the X-axis cover member 51 can expand and contract as the carriage 4 moves in the left-right direction (X-axis direction).

Further, this machine tool 1 has the same structure as that shown in FIGS.
As shown in, the operation panel 52 is connected. The operation panel 52 includes a display section 53 and a switch panel 5.
4 are provided.

The operation of the machine tool 1 configured as above will be described below.

When the machine tool 1 performs a machining operation under the control of a controller (not shown), the column 5 moves in the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction) on the carriage 4, and the chips 44 and the cutting oil due to the machining are in the surroundings. Scatter on. As the column 5 moves in the front-rear direction (Z-axis direction), the depth length of the upper surface opening of the carriage 4 changes.
Since the cover member 31 that moves integrally with is covered, the chips 44 and the cutting oil do not infiltrate into the interior of the carriage 4 including the drive mechanism portion and the like.

However, the cover member 31 and the chain member 4
Since 0 has a U-shape, as shown in FIG.
When the cover member 31 is located at the lowest point of its U-shape, the chips 44 invade from the side of the cover member 31 and accumulate inside thereof, and when the amount is large, the column 5 moves smoothly. May be disturbed.

However, in the machine tool 1 of this embodiment, when the column 5 is retracted to the Z-axis direction-direction stroke end, as shown in FIG. 5, the chain member 40 has the U-shaped uppermost portion of the cover member 31. The chips 44 located at the lower point and accumulated inside the cover member 31 drop outward from the open portion 50 due to gravity.

The timing for dropping the chips 44 accumulated inside the cover member 31 by retracting the column 5 to the outside from the open portion 50 is, when the tool 7 is replaced, when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of machining, and when the operator It can be considered as appropriate at the time of manual operation.

The case of exchanging the tool 7 will be described with reference to the flowchart of the tool exchanging operation shown in FIG.

When the tool exchange step is started in the main program (not shown) of the machine tool 1, the tool exchange subroutine of the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 is executed. First, the column 5 is moved to the −direction stroke end of the Z axis (step 1, hereinafter, step is represented by S). Therefore,
The cover member 31 also moves in the-direction of the Z axis, and as shown in FIG. 5, the chain member 40 moves directly below the sliding member 32 provided at the tip portion of the carriage 4 to cause U of the cover member 31.
It is located at the bottom of the letter. Therefore, the chips 44 accumulated inside the cover member 31 fall outward from the open portion 50 due to gravity. Next, the spindle head 6 is moved to the Y-axis + direction stroke end (S2), and then the tool 7 of the spindle head 6 is replaced by a tool exchanging device (not shown) (S).
3). Next, the spindle head 6 is moved on the Y-axis guide 19 to the coordinate values set by the following program (S
4) The column 5 is also moved on the Z-axis guide 15 to the coordinate value set in the next program (S5), and the process returns to the main program (not shown) (S6).

Next, a case where the chips 44 are dropped after a predetermined time has passed from the start of processing will be described with reference to the flow chart of the NC program of FIG.

When a start key (not shown) is pressed to machine the work by the machine tool 1, the program shown in FIG. 8 is executed. First, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has passed since this program was executed (S
11), when it is determined that the time has not passed (N in S11)
O), in order to process the work, the column 5 and the spindle head 6 are moved to predetermined positions, and the work (not shown) is processed by the tool 7 (S12). Then, it is determined whether or not the processing is completed (S13), and when it is determined that the processing is completed (YES in S13), this program is ended. If it is determined in S13 that the processing has not been completed (NO in S13), the process proceeds to S11.

In S11, a predetermined time (after the activation key is pressed or the column is moved)
If it is determined that the time has passed (YES in S11), column 5
To the Z-axis-direction stroke end (S1
4). Therefore, the chain member 40 moves directly below the sliding member 32 provided at the tip of the carriage 4, is positioned at the U-shaped lowest point of the cover member 31, and collects inside the cover member 31. The chips 44 fall outward from the opening 50 due to gravity. After that, the processing is performed in S12 to perform the next processing.
Shift to. In this way, in the NC machining program,
By incorporating a step (S14) of moving the column 5 to the Z-axis-direction stroke end, the chip dropping operation is performed when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of processing, without providing a time measuring device such as a timer. It becomes possible. Also, as described above, without using the NC machining program,
It is also possible to measure the processing time with a timer or the like and, when a predetermined time has elapsed, perform a chip dropping operation.

Further, the operation panel 52 is manually operated.
By operating the switch panel 54 of
May be moved to the Z-axis-direction stroke end to perform the chip dropping operation.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the chips 44 accumulated inside the cover member 31 are made to fall from the open portion to the outside, it is possible to prevent the smooth movement of the column 5 from being obstructed. .

In addition to the structure of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the sliding member 32 (carriage 4) is arranged so that the chips 44 do not enter from the side of the cover member 31 as much as possible.
Intrusion prevention plates 55 may be fixed to both side surfaces of the U-shaped cover member 31 to guide the U-shaped cover member 31. By doing so, the chips 44 from the side of the cover member 31
Can be prevented from entering.

In addition to the effects described above, in the present embodiment, the tip end side of the chain member 40 is fixed to the fixing portion 4a of the carriage 4, so that the cover member 31 is simply hung. Compared with the above, the clearance with the lower base 3 is small, and the movement amount of the U-shaped lower end portion is one half of the column movement amount. It is possible to prevent the tension from being lost, and thus it is possible to sufficiently cope with a large movement amount of the column 5.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, instead of the chain member 40,
Rubber, synthetic resin, leather, metals such as stainless steel, belts of various members such as glass fiber, string-like members such as wire ropes and nylon ropes, and mesh members with large eyes that allow chips 44 to drop. Such a configuration may be adopted. In addition, the carriage and the column include all members in which the other moves relative to the other.

[0037]

As is clear from the above description, in the machine tool according to the first aspect, the cover member is provided with the opening portion forming means for forming the opening portion, so that the water is accumulated inside the cover. The chips can be discharged from the opening, and the column or the like can be moved smoothly.

Further, in the machine tool according to a second aspect, the opening forming means is constituted by a chain portion, and the column is moved to form a U-shape by the cover member and the chain portion. When is located at the lowest point of the U-shape, the chips accumulated inside the cover member fall from the chain portion to the outside of the cover member, so that the chips inside the cover member are discharged to the outside only by moving the column. be able to.

Further, in the machine tool according to a third aspect of the present invention, the column is moved at the time of exchanging the tool so as to discharge the chips accumulated inside the cover member from the chain portion. Therefore, the column is moved for discharging the chips. There is no need for special time.

Further, in the machine tool according to the fourth aspect, since the column is moved when a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of machining, the chips accumulated inside the cover member can be stored within a predetermined range. The effect can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which an X-axis cover of the machine tool according to the present embodiment is removed.

FIG. 3 is a front view for explaining a main part of the machine tool in a state where a cover member of the machine tool according to the present embodiment is partially broken.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state where chips are accumulated inside the cover member of the machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a state in which chips are discharged from the cover member of the machine tool according to the present embodiment through the opening.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a cover member of the machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing control of chip dropping of the machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of an NC program showing control of chip dropping of the machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state in which an intrusion prevention plate is attached to the side of the cover member of the machine tool according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a conventional machine tool.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state where chips are accumulated inside a cover member of a conventional machine tool.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Machine Tool 4 Carriage 5 Column 31 Cover Member 40 Chain Member 44 Chips

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A machine tool comprising a column movably provided on a carriage, wherein the carriage is provided with a drive mechanism or the like for moving the column, and an upper surface of the drive mechanism or the like is opened. Forming a cover member, one end of which is fixed to the column and the other end of which covers the upper surface opening of the carriage and hangs on the side surface of the carriage, and an opening portion through which chips accumulated inside the cover member fall outside. For this purpose, the machine tool is provided with an opening forming means having one end attached to the carriage and the other end attached to the other end of the cover member. 2. The open portion forming means is a chain member attached to the other end of the cover member, and the open portion forming means is U below the carriage together with the cover member.
A chip-like shape is formed, and when the opening forming means is located at the lowest point of the U-shape by the movement of the column, the chips accumulated inside the cover member are dropped from the opening to the outside. The machine tool according to Item 1. 3. The column is moved every time a tool is changed, and an opening portion is formed by the release portion forming means to drop chips accumulated inside the cover member to the outside. Machine tool. 4. The column is moved after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of processing, and an opening portion is formed by the release portion forming means to drop the chips accumulated inside the cover member to the outside. Machine tool described in.