JPH08276024A - Timing controller for particle accelerator and timing control thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enable a particule accelerator to radiate an ion beam with an optimum timing synchronizing with breathing, by outputting a delay pulse with a delay time to realize optimization of actuation timing of the pulse power source generated based on a pulse generated in a phase of breathing vibration. CONSTITUTION: A trigger generator 102 outputs a trigger at a suitable phase of a greathing wave shape. This phase is determined according to the time required for accelerating a beam and the time point of the breathing wave shape. Considering the rise time, etc., of each pulse power sources 100 and 21, the trigger endows a suitable time delay by adding each delay circuits 104 and 12a, and send to each pulse power source 104 and 12a as a delay pulse. Thereby, an ion beam is drawn out as an ion source beam from an ion source 100, accelerated by a linear accelerator, injected into a synchrotron and accelerated to required energy, then radiated as an outgoing beam toward a body to be irradiated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a particle accelerator timing controller and its timing suitable for use in a medical particle accelerator for accelerating charged particles to high energy and irradiating a human body to destroy cancer cells and the like. It relates to a control method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 21 shows, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-16879.
It is a top view which shows the general particle accelerator disclosed by the 9th publication. FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional particle accelerator timing control device. In FIG. 21,
1 is a linac for linearly accelerating the electrons generated by the electron gun 6 at a high frequency, 2 is a synchrotron for accelerating the electrons to a higher energy, 7 is for using the electrons accelerated by the synchrotron 2 for physical experiments, etc. Is an SR ring that is a ring that stores the accelerated electrons.

The synchrotron 2 is composed of various pulse devices for injecting, accelerating and emitting electrons, and includes an inflector 27, a bending electromagnet 40, and a high-frequency accelerating cavity 4.
6, a deflector electromagnet 48, a kicker electromagnet 49, etc. are provided. Reference numerals 41 and 42 denote two types of quadrupole electromagnets having different polarities for imparting a focusing force to the electron beam circulating in the synchrotron 2 in both the up-down direction and the left-right direction, and are arranged with the deflection electromagnet 40 in a 6-period structure. ing. 45a, 45b and 45c are pertabeta electromagnets as pulse devices used together with the inflector 27 to enter the electron beam from the linac 1.

This particle accelerator is a device for accelerating and extracting electrons and storing them in another ring such as the SR ring 7. In the case of the medical ion irradiation accelerator to which the present invention is applied, the SR ring 7 is provided. Not provided, SR ring 7
The irradiation target is placed at the position for irradiating the ion beam extracted from the synchrotron 2, and both control methods are basically the same.

Further, in FIG. 22, reference numeral 62 is a reference signal generator for generating a trigger pulse at a predetermined cycle, and 61 is provided with a plurality of output channels, and a trigger sent from the reference signal generator 62. A timing pulse generator that receives a pulse and sequentially outputs a pulse signal from each of the output channels at a predetermined time interval. 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 1
Reference numerals 2f and 12g are delay circuits for finely adjusting the timing of the pulse signal output from each output channel of the timing pulse generator 61. 20, 21, 28a, 2
Reference numerals 8b, 28c, 29 and 31 denote pulse power sources for various pulse devices such as kicker electromagnets connected to the respective delay circuits, 20 denotes an inflector power source for supplying power to the inflector 27, and 21 denotes the linac 1. Linac power supply for supplying electric power to the pertabeta electromagnets, 28a, 28b and 28c for supplying power to the respective pertabeta electromagnets 45a, 45b, 45c, and 29 for the deflector electromagnet 4.
8 is a deflector power supply for supplying electric power to 8, and 31 is a kicker power supply for supplying electric power to the kicker electromagnet 49. Each delay circuit connected to each of these pulse power supplies has the same basic role. 60 is the timing pulse generator 61
Is a computer that controls.

Further, 63 is a timing pulse generator 61.
Is an AC power supply timing controller that generates an output clock based on a pulse signal that is output from one of the output channels. Reference numeral 64 denotes a memory device in which power supply output patterns of various AC power supplies indicated by reference numerals 22, 23, 24 and 26 are written in advance, and the power supply output patterns are sequentially arranged according to an output clock supplied from the AC power supply timing controller 63. Read out. 22
Is a deflection electromagnet power source for supplying electric power to the deflection electromagnet 40, 2
3 is a quadrupole electromagnet power source for supplying electric power to the quadrupole electromagnet 41,
A quadrupole electromagnet power source 24 supplies electric power to the quadrupole electromagnet 42. Each of these AC power supplies is a pulse power supply that performs an impulse-like power supply operation. Reference numeral 26 is a high frequency power source for supplying high frequency power to the high frequency acceleration cavity 46. 6
Reference numeral 5 is a computer for writing the power supply output pattern in the memory device 64.

The transmission of electric signals in the computers 60 and 65 and the memory device 64 is performed by using an optical cable or an insulating amplifier, and is devised so that the signal line does not have noise.

Next, the operation will be described. The linac power supply 21 uses the linac 1 and the synchrotron 2 to accelerate electrons to high energy, accumulates them in the SR ring 7, and supplies synchrotron radiation (SR) obtained from a high energy electron beam. is there. Linac 1
And the synchrotron 2 is operated twice per second. That is, the electron beam is emitted at a repeating cycle of 0.5 seconds.

The linac 1 is supplied with microwaves (or high frequencies) from the linac power supply 21, and the microwaves accelerate the electrons to 20 MeV.
Since the time during which the beam can be incident on is from 2 μsec to 3 μsec, the pulse operation is performed so that the pulse width of the beam is approximately the same.

The electron beam emitted from the linac 1 enters the synchrotron 2 through the inflector 27. Since the inflector 27 requires a high voltage, the inflector power supply 20 that supplies power to the inflector 27 in order to avoid discharge is pulsed. The incident beam as it is will collide with the electrode of the inflector 27 and be lost.
Using a, 45b, and 45c, a magnetic field is generated only at the time of incidence to orbit the beam.

The magnetic field waveform of the pertabeta electromagnet is a half-sine wave, and since the beam is incident by using the trailing edge thereof, the pulse width of the half-sine wave is about twice the pulse width of the beam. The number of pertabeta electromagnets differs depending on the particle accelerator, and one to four units are used.

The incident beam is deflected by the six deflection electromagnets 40 and makes a circular motion, but in order to stably orbit the beam, it must be focused by the six quadrupole electromagnets 41 and 42, respectively. These quadrupole electromagnets are connected in series in terms of an electric circuit, so that the number of power sources is three. A radio frequency acceleration cavity 46 is used to accelerate the orbiting beam. When the energy of the beam changes due to acceleration, the trajectory of the beam changes, so the magnetic field strengths of the deflection electromagnet and the quadrupole electromagnet must be changed according to the beam energy. In the actual electron synchrotron, the electron beam is accelerated so as to correspond to the magnetic field strength.

The outputs of the deflection electromagnet 40 and the quadrupole electromagnet power supplies 23 and 24 of the quadrupole electromagnets 41 and 42 having two different polarities are accurately controlled so as to synchronize with each other in order to accelerate the electron beam without loss. I have to. Further, since the beam capture efficiency is better when the accelerating voltage is also changed depending on the energy, the high frequency power supply 26 is also synchronized with the three power supplies. Therefore, the memory device 64 is used for control. That is, these AC power supplies output a current or a high frequency voltage proportional to an arbitrary reference signal. Therefore, once the required power supply output pattern is determined, the reference signal pattern of one cycle required for it is about 6
It is divided into 5000 pieces, digitized, and written in the memory device 64 in advance using the computer 65. And
During operation of the synchrotron, the memory device 64 is driven by the output clock from the AC power supply timing controller 63.
Sequentially read the power supply output pattern written in
It is converted into an analog signal and input as a reference signal to each of the AC power supplies. By doing so, the four AC power supplies can perform synchronized output. actually,
Since there are several types of reference signals such as voltage patterns, not one type per power supply, the number of memory modules also depends on the type.

The accelerated beam is emitted using a kicker electromagnet 49 and a deflector electromagnet 48. The deflector electromagnet 48 is a deflection electromagnet having a narrow gap, which is 40 mm outside the beam center trajectory, and is kicked out by a kicker electromagnet 49 so that the beam enters the gap. Therefore, the kicker electromagnet 49 must be pulsed. The deflector electromagnet 48 need not be pulsed, but is generally pulsed due to thermal concerns.

As described above, the output timing of the pulse device such as the kicker electromagnet of the particle accelerator greatly affects the incidence efficiency and the emission efficiency of the beam, and therefore must be adjusted accurately. Therefore, the timing pulse generator 61
In advance, the timing data is input using the computer 60, and the timing pulse generator 61 outputs a trigger pulse based on the pulse from the reference signal generator 62 using the timing data.

When the timing pulse generator 61 is further described, when the timing pulse generator 61 receives a pulse from the reference signal generator 62, first, a trigger pulse is generated with a set time delay from the first output end, After that, the trigger pulse is output from the next output terminal with a set time delay, and the trigger pulse is sequentially output to the last output terminal with each time delay. Then, with the next pulse from the reference signal generator 62, the pulse is sequentially output from the first output terminal. Therefore, the time interval between the first trigger pulse and the last one is equal to the reference signal generator 6
It must be within the period of the pulse from 2. This time interval can be input by the computer 60.

An ion accelerator for accelerating charged particles to high energy cannot be applied to a cancer treatment apparatus or the like because the conventional timing mechanism has the above-described structure. A cancer treatment device is a device that irradiates a cancer site in a human body with a high-energy ion beam to eliminate cancer cells.
The irradiation time is a few minutes, but since the affected area moves as the patient breathes, not only the affected area but also the normal cells will be irradiated with the ion beam. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to irradiate the beam in synchronization with breathing. That is, the affected area is always located at substantially the same position at the time of exhalation. Therefore, in the past, for example, the beam test on ring property in-high-mac synchrotron (Beam Test on Ring) was used.
Property in HIMAC Synchro
Tron), a method for synchronizing the timing of emission with human respiration as reported in the European Particle Accelerator Conference (1994). Ions are accelerated periodically,
It only emits light aperiodically (there are few papers because it is a new technical field, and there is no detailed description).

The emission in this case is not the above-described method, but a hexapole electromagnet, an RFKO electrode or the like is used instead of the kicker electromagnet to utilize the beam resonance phenomenon, and 400 ms is used.
This is a method of gradually extracting the orbiting beam over a period of time. After the beam is accelerated, it keeps orbiting in the synchrotron while keeping the energy constant, and the triggering pulse synchronized with the respiration activates the emitting device to gradually extract the beam.

[0019]

Since the conventional particle accelerator timing control device is constructed as described above,
Since the operating cycle of the accelerator is not synchronized with the respiratory cycle of the irradiated body, there is a problem that the charged particles are irradiated to a place other than the affected part. Also, in the case of beam emission synchronized with respiration, the accumulation time after acceleration by the synchrotron must be taken long, and if the beam is unlucky and emitted later in the accumulation time, the orbiting beam remains. There was a problem that a sufficient beam could not be taken out because the number was reduced due to collision with gas. Further, since the accelerating cycle of the synchrotron is not synchronized with respiration, it may not be able to be taken out even if it is accelerated, and there is a problem that the operating efficiency is not good.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and efficiently irradiates an irradiated object with charged particles at an accurate and optimum timing in synchronization with breathing, and at the same time, irradiates the irradiated object. An object of the present invention is to obtain a timing control device for a particle accelerator and a timing control method thereof, which improves the irradiation accuracy to the body and further reduces the physical burden on the irradiation target when detecting respiratory vibration.

[0021]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a timing control device for a particle accelerator, comprising: a trigger generator for generating a pulse at an arbitrary phase of respiratory vibration of an irradiation target detected by a respiratory vibration detector. A delay circuit for generating a delay pulse having a preset delay time, which is output to various pulse power sources constituting the particle accelerator based on the pulse generated by the trigger generator. .

A timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a second aspect of the present invention is a trigger generator for generating a pulse at an arbitrary phase of respiratory vibration of an irradiated object detected by a respiratory vibration detector, and the trigger generator. Based on the pulse generated in the above, a preset delay time for outputting to various pulse power sources necessary for generation of charged particles by the charged particle generation means and linear acceleration by the high frequency electric field in the charged particle acceleration means is added. And a delay circuit for generating a delayed pulse.

A particle accelerator timing control device according to a third aspect of the present invention includes a trigger generator for generating a pulse at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation detected by a respiratory oscillation detector,
Based on the pulse generated by the trigger generator, output to various pulse power sources necessary for generation of charged particles by charged particle generation means, acceleration of charged particles by high-frequency linear accelerator and synchrotron, injection, and emission. And a delay circuit that generates a delay pulse to which a set delay time is added.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a preset delay time is added based on the pulse generated by the trigger generator at any phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. A delay circuit for generating a delay pulse,
A clock generator that generates a clock signal based on the delay pulse generated by the delay circuit, and a control pattern that is written in advance in a storage device based on the clock signal generated by the clock generator are sequentially output, so that a predetermined Various electromagnet power supplies, such as a synchrotron, which is a means for accelerating charged particles to obtain an output current, and counts the clock signal, and when the count value reaches a predetermined value, a start pulse is generated to generate the charged particles. , A counter for activating various pulse power supplies required for acceleration, incidence, and emission.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the clock signal frequency is higher than that required for a storage device that stores control patterns of various electromagnet power supplies of a synchrotron that is a means for accelerating charged particles. A clock generator for generating a clock signal of a frequency, and a frequency conversion means for lowering the frequency of the clock signal generated by the clock generator are provided between the clock generator and the storage device.

A particle accelerator timing control device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a trigger generator for generating a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector,
An emission gate circuit that generates a delayed pulse having a time width necessary for irradiation with an arbitrary delay time based on the pulse generated by the trigger generator, and an electromagnet power source for accelerating the generated charged particles. A master trigger generator that outputs a trigger pulse in synchronism, and a logical product operation that outputs a logical product operation result of the delay pulse output from the emission gate circuit and the trigger pulse output from the master trigger generator Circuit and a trigger pulse output from the AND operation circuit to generate a delayed trigger pulse with an arbitrary delay time and output it to various pulse power supplies necessary for generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of charged particles. And a delay circuit for

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a timing control device for a particle accelerator which receives a pulse output from a trigger generator and delays the pulse at an arbitrary time and has a time width longer than that of a delay pulse output from an emission gate circuit. It is provided with an electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit for generating.

A particle accelerator timing control device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention detects the maximum value of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector, and the trigger generator only when the detected value is within an arbitrary range. Is to generate a pulse.

A timing controller for a particle accelerator according to a ninth aspect of the present invention differentiates a detection signal of respiratory oscillation detected by a respiratory oscillation detector, and triggers only when the maximum value of the differential value is within an arbitrary range. The generator is adapted to generate pulses.

The particle accelerator timing control device according to the invention of claim 10 uses an acceleration sensor as a respiratory vibration detector.

According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, the particle accelerator timing control device uses a strain gauge as a respiratory vibration detector.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the particle accelerator timing control device, a carbon dioxide detector is used as a respiratory vibration detector.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, and a delay is given based on the pulse with a preset delay time. A pulse is generated, and various pulse power supplies that constitute the particle accelerator are controlled by the generated delayed pulse.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body is delayed to generate charged particles or by a high frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron. A delayed pulse having a preset delay time, which is output to various pulse power sources necessary for acceleration, incidence, and emission of the charged particles, is generated, and the pulse power source is controlled by this delay pulse. is there.

In a particle accelerator timing control method according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a delay provided with a preset delay time obtained by delaying a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. A clock signal is generated based on the pulse, and a control pattern written in a storage device in advance based on the clock signal is sequentially output to output a predetermined output current from each electromagnet power source of the synchrotron to each electromagnet of the synchrotron. Supplying, counting the clock signal, the generation of the charged particles based on a starting pulse generated by the count value reaching a predetermined value,
Various pulsed power supplies required for acceleration, incidence, and emission are activated.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a delayed pulse provided with a preset delay time, which is generated based on a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. The frequency of the clock signal generated based on the above is generated at a frequency higher than the clock signal frequency required by the storage device, and a low clock signal frequency is generated from this high frequency and supplied to the storage device. is there.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the time width required for irradiation with an arbitrary delay time based on the pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. Generating a delay pulse having a delay time, outputting a trigger pulse synchronized with an electromagnet power source for accelerating charged particles only during a period in which the delay pulse is output, and giving an arbitrary delay time generated based on the trigger pulse. The delayed trigger pulse thus generated is output to various pulse power sources required for generation, acceleration, incidence and emission of charged particles.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, based on the pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, an arbitrary delay having a time width longer than the time required for irradiation is provided. Generate a timed pulse,
The electromagnet power supply for accelerating the charged particles is operated while the pulse is output.

[0039]

According to the first aspect of the invention, in the delay circuit, the particle accelerator is provided with a delay pulse which is generated based on a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation and which is provided with a delay time for optimizing the operation timing of the pulse power supply. Output to various pulse power sources, and improve and optimize the accuracy of the timing at which the pulse power source operates on the irradiation subject that is vibrating and breathing, and realize the efficient irradiation of the beam with high energy intensity. To do.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the delay circuit, the charged particles are generated by the charged particle generating means and linearly accelerated by the high frequency electric field in the charged particle accelerating means on the basis of the pulse generated in any phase of the respiratory oscillation. Generate a delay pulse with a preset delay time to be output to a required pulse power supply, output the delay pulse to the pulse power supply, improve the accuracy of the timing at which the pulse power supply operates, and optimize, Realization of generation of charged particles by the charged particle generation means synchronized with an arbitrary phase of the respiratory oscillation and linear acceleration operation by a high frequency electric field in the charged particle acceleration means, and efficient irradiation of a beam with high energy intensity To realize.

In the delay circuit according to the third aspect of the invention, the charged particles are generated by the charged particle generating means or the charged particles are accelerated by the high frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron, based on the pulse generated at any phase of the respiratory oscillation. Generates a delay pulse with a preset delay time, which is output to various pulse power supplies necessary for incidence and emission, outputs the delay pulse to the pulse power supply, and improves the accuracy of the timing at which the pulse power supply operates. It improves and optimizes and realizes efficient irradiation of a beam with higher energy intensity.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a preset control delay time is generated by previously writing a control pattern in a storage device and delaying a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation. A clock signal is generated based on the delayed pulse provided with, the clock signal is counted, and a start pulse is generated when the count value reaches a predetermined value to generate, accelerate, inject, or eject charged particles. Output of various electromagnet power supplies by starting various required pulse power supplies and obtaining predetermined output current from various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron by sequentially outputting the control pattern from the storage device by the clock signal. Improving the timing accuracy at which the various pulsed power supplies are activated for the control pattern that determines the pattern .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a particle accelerator timing control device, wherein a clock having a frequency higher than a clock signal frequency required for a storage device storing a control pattern for determining output patterns of various electromagnet power supplies of a synchrotron. While the signal is generated by the clock generator,
Generating charged particles by lowering the frequency of the clock signal and returning to the clock signal frequency required for reading the control pattern to read the control pattern,
Based on the predetermined count value that is set more finely by making the count cycle for obtaining the predetermined count value for activating various pulse power supplies necessary for acceleration, incidence, and emission smaller by the clock signal of the high frequency. The accuracy of setting the timing of activating the pulse power supply is increased, and the accuracy of the timing of activating the various pulse power supplies for the control pattern output from the storage device is further improved.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the time width required for irradiation in which an arbitrary delay time is given in synchronization with a pulse generated in an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body is provided. Generate a delayed pulse having
Charge a delayed trigger pulse with an arbitrary delay time generated based on the pulse obtained by the AND operation of the trigger pulse output in synchronization with the electromagnet power supply of the rapid cycling synchrotron and the delayed pulse. By outputting to various pulse power supplies necessary for generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of particles, the pulse power supply is operated only during a period required for irradiation, and operation efficiency is improved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a timing control device for a particle accelerator, which receives a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory vibration of an irradiation target and delays the pulse at an arbitrary time from the output gate circuit. A pulse with a long time width is generated, and by operating the electromagnetic power source of the high frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron while this pulse is output, the high frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron is operated only for the period required for irradiation. Operates the electromagnet power supply of TRON to further improve the operation efficiency.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the invention of claim 8, the trigger generator generates a pulse on the condition that the maximum value of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body is within an arbitrary range. When the respiratory vibration does not fall within the above range, it is possible to stop the irradiation to avoid erroneous irradiation, prevent the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target from lowering, and improve the irradiation accuracy.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the invention of claim 9, the trigger generator generates a pulse only when the rate at which the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body changes is within an arbitrary range. When the respiratory vibration suddenly changes greatly and deviates from the above range, irradiation can be stopped to avoid erroneous irradiation, prevent the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target from lowering, and improve the irradiation accuracy further. .

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the acceleration sensor is used to detect the respiratory vibration of the irradiation target, and the irradiation vibration is efficiently synchronized with the respiratory vibration with high accuracy and at an optimum timing. Well, improve the irradiation accuracy of the irradiated body.

In the particle accelerator timing control device according to the invention of claim 11, the strain gauge is used to detect the respiratory vibration of the irradiated object, and the irradiation is efficiently synchronized with the respiratory vibration in an accurate and optimum timing. Well, improve the irradiation accuracy on the irradiated body, facilitate the mounting on the irradiated body, and reduce the physical burden on the irradiated body when detecting respiratory vibration.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the particle accelerator timing control device, a carbon dioxide detector is used to detect a change in the carbon dioxide concentration exhaled from the irradiated body, thereby detecting a respiratory vibration. Efficiently irradiate with accurate and optimal timing by synchronizing accurately.
Irradiation accuracy to the irradiated body is improved, and respiratory vibration of the irradiated body is detected in a non-contact manner to eliminate the physical burden on the irradiated body.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a delay pulse having a preset delay time is generated from a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation of the irradiation target, By controlling the various pulse power supplies that make up the particle accelerator with delayed pulses,
Realizing the operation control of the particle accelerator in synchronization with any phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiation target, improving and optimizing the accuracy of the timing at which the pulse power supply operates for the irradiation target performing respiratory vibration, Furthermore, efficient irradiation of a beam with high energy intensity is realized.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the generation of charged particles and the charging by the high frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron are performed from the pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. Respiratory oscillation is performed by generating a delay pulse with a preset delay time output to a pulse power supply necessary for particle acceleration, incidence, and extraction, and controlling the pulse power supply with the delay pulse. The generation of the charged particles in synchronization with an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiation target is optimized and improved by improving the accuracy of the timing at which the pulse power supply operates with respect to the irradiation target, and by the high frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron. The control for accelerating, injecting, and ejecting the charged particles is realized, and the beam with high energy intensity is efficiently irradiated to the irradiation target. To achieve.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the clock signal is based on a delay pulse provided with a preset delay time generated by delaying a pulse generated in an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation. Generate
The clock signal is counted, and when the count value reaches a predetermined value, a start pulse is generated to start various pulse power sources required for generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of charged particles, and a control pattern is set in advance. By outputting a predetermined output current from various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron by sequentially outputting the control patterns from the written storage device according to the clock signal, the output of the control patterns and the activation of the various pulse power supplies are performed. Improve the timing accuracy between.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a clock signal having a frequency higher than a clock signal frequency required for reading a control pattern for determining an output pattern of various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron is clocked. The frequency of the clock signal is lowered while the count cycle for obtaining a predetermined count value that is generated by the generator and activates various pulse power supplies necessary for generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of charged particles is reduced. The control signal is read by returning to the clock signal frequency required for reading the original control pattern, and the pulse power supply is started based on the predetermined count value that is finely set by the high-frequency clock signal. Between the output of the control pattern and the activation of the various pulsed power supplies. Further improve the timing accuracy.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a time required for irradiation with an arbitrary delay time generated with respect to a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body. The trigger pulse output in synchronization with the electromagnet power supply of the rapid cycling synchrotron is output only while the delay pulse having the width is output, and the delayed trigger pulse generated by delaying the resulting pulse is charged. By outputting to various pulse power supplies necessary for particle generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission,
The pulse power supply is operated only during the period required for irradiation to improve the operation efficiency.

In the particle accelerator timing control method according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, based on the pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, the time width is longer than the delay pulse output from the emission gate circuit. A pulse is generated, and while this pulse is being output, the electromagnetic power source of the high-frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron is controlled to operate, and the high-frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron is controlled only during the period required for irradiation. The operation of the electromagnet power source is performed to further improve the operation efficiency.

[0057]

【Example】

Example 1. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a particle accelerator to which the timing control device of this embodiment is applied, and FIG. 3 is a timing control device. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of FIG. Further, FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram for obtaining an electric signal synchronized with respiration and a waveform diagram showing a respiratory oscillation waveform.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 21 and 22 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. The timing control device of the particle accelerator of this embodiment is basically different from that of the conventional example in that the particle accelerator is a device for accelerating ions and irradiates the irradiation target with the accelerated ions. Therefore, an ion source is provided instead of the electron gun 6 shown in FIG. 21, and an irradiation device is provided instead of the SR ring 7.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 is a respiratory vibration detector for converting respiratory vibration of the irradiated body into an electric signal, and 102 is a trigger generator for generating a trigger pulse at an arbitrary phase of the electric signal. Reference numeral 103 denotes an ion extraction power source which is a pulse power source necessary for extracting protons or carbon ions generated by the ion source (charged particle generating means) 100 shown in FIG. 2 by applying an electric field. Reference numeral 104 denotes a delay circuit that generates and outputs a delayed pulse to which a preset delay time is added to the ion extraction power source 103, 105 an RFKO power source that is a power source of the RFKO electrode, and 106 generates a delayed pulse to the RFKO power source 105. This is a delay circuit that outputs. A clock generator 107 supplies a clock signal to the memory device (storage device) 64.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 143 denotes a sextupole electromagnet (SM) for correcting the chromaticity and narrowing the stable region of the beam at the time of beam extraction to effectively perform beam extraction. 1
Reference numeral 47 is an RFKO electrode used in place of the kicker electromagnet 49 described in the conventional example, and is an electrode for increasing the vibration of the beam by a high frequency electric field and gradually moving the beam out of the stable region. The beam emitted outside the stable region has a large amplitude increase rate and is extracted from the deflector electromagnet 48. An irradiation device (charged particle irradiation means) 149 is a device for irradiating the irradiation target with the beam extracted from the deflector electromagnet 48.

Reference numeral 151 denotes a timing control device, which is shown in FIG.
The trigger generation circuit 102, each delay circuit, the clock generation circuit 107, and the memory device 64 are included.

The respiratory vibration detector 101 of the irradiated body has a signal processing circuit 101a and a piezoelectric element 101b for converting pressure intensity into an electric signal.

Next, the operation will be described. The method of accelerating the charged particles is basically the same as the case of accelerating the electrons given in the conventional example. The difference is that the ions are heavier than the electrons and are accelerated in a velocity region much slower than the speed of light, so that the velocity of the ions constantly changes. That is, since the orbit time in the synchrotron changes during acceleration, the operating frequency of the high frequency acceleration cavity 46 must be changed accordingly. For this reason, the control of the high-frequency acceleration cavity 46 and the high-frequency power source 26 becomes complicated.

The extraction of the ion beam is not a method of instantaneous extraction using a high-speed pulse device as in the conventional example. This is determined by the requirements of the irradiation system, and is taken out little by little over a period of several 100 msec. Therefore, the sextupole electromagnet 143 and the RFKO electrode 147 are
Although the deflector electromagnet 48 is used, its principle is irrelevant to the present invention, and its description has been omitted because it has been briefly described above.

The accelerated and extracted ion beam is guided to an irradiation device 149, processed into a required cross-sectional shape, and irradiated to an irradiation target 150 such as a human body. The position of the ion beam emission point in the irradiation device 149 is constant in time,
Irradiation is aimed at only the affected area. Since the affected area is usually inside the body, it is unavoidable that the beam will pass through normal cells from the surface of the body to the affected area, but the feature of the ion beam is that it can destroy cells at a certain depth, so normal The effect on cells is small.

However, when the irradiated body moves by breathing, the affected area also moves. Therefore, the beam must be emitted when the affected area is always at the same position. FIG. 3 shows a time chart when the whole apparatus of this particle accelerator is operated in synchronization with the respiration of the irradiated body. In FIG. 3, the respiratory waveform is shown as a periodic waveform, but it is not periodic in reality, and it is 2 seconds to 5 seconds.
It is an aperiodic waveform that changes for about a second. The trigger is output from the trigger generator 102 at an appropriate phase of this respiratory waveform. The phase is determined by the time required to accelerate the beam and at which point in the respiratory waveform it exits.

Considering the rise time of each pulse power source and the like, the trigger is given a proper time delay through each delay circuit, and is sent to each pulse power source as a delay pulse. As a result, the ion beam is emitted from the ion source 100 as shown in FIG.
Linac 1 extracted as the ion source beam shown in
After being accelerated by the synchrotron 2 to be incident on the synchrotron 2 and accelerated to a required energy, it is emitted as an emission beam shown in FIG.

The state of acceleration in the synchrotron is shown in FIG.
This is represented by the electromagnet waveform shown in (d). This electromagnet waveform is an output current waveform of the deflection electromagnet power source 22 and the like, and corresponds to the momentum of the beam (amount related to energy). Since the beam is emitted at the flat top of the trapezoidal wave, there is no beam at the fall. This pattern is output by the electromagnet power supply clock shown in FIG.

Since the power supply output pattern stored in the memory device 64 and output to the deflecting electromagnet power supply 22 has the same value at the beginning and the end, after one pattern is output, it is held at the first value of the next pattern. Even if such non-periodic operation is performed, the reproducibility of the magnetic field strength and the like is good and the beam incidence efficiency is not affected.

4 and 5 show an example of how to generate a trigger for a respiratory waveform. In this embodiment, a piezoelectric element 101b is used as a sensor for converting respiration into an electric signal, and the piezoelectric element 101b is fixed to an irradiated body 150 such as a human body by a fixture 101c. This piezoelectric element 101b is an element that generates an electric signal proportional to pressure, and a necessary electric signal is obtained via the signal processing circuit 101a. For example, when the electric signal is fixed to the abdomen with a fixture 101c, vibration of the abdomen accompanying breathing occurs. An electric signal proportional to is obtained. FIG. 4B shows an example of an abdominal vibration waveform and an electrical signal waveform. The trigger generator 102 generates a trigger at an arbitrary signal level of the electric signal waveform. Since it is considered that there are various publicly known examples of the generation method, the description thereof will be omitted.

If the irradiated body 150 breathes normally, this method does not pose any problem, but sometimes deep breathing may take place, and at that time the position of the affected area may be displaced, and irradiation should be stopped. I won't. An example thereof is shown in FIG. If the peak value of the vibration waveform of the abdomen when breathing is within the range L shown in FIG. The structure of the trigger generator at this time is shown in FIG. FIG. 6A shows a case of hardware implementation, and FIG. 6B shows a case of software implementation using a computer.

The trigger generator 1 is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
Although only one trigger is generated in 02, a plurality of triggers corresponding to each pulse power source are actually generated at arbitrary time delays as described in the conventional example.

Example 2. In Example 1, the linac 1 and the synchrotron 2 were used as the charged particle accelerating means for accelerating the ions. However, the particle accelerating system which accelerates the ions only by the linac 1 without using the synchrotron 2 The same effect can be obtained by applying the timing control device for the accelerator.

Example 3. Although the trigger generation in the trigger generator 102 is determined by the level of the electrical signal detected by the respiratory vibration detector 101 in the first embodiment, the peak value of the differential waveform when the electrical signal is differentiated. The same effect can be obtained by judging with. As shown in FIG. 7, when the electrical signal waveform detected by the respiratory vibration detector 101 shown in FIG. 7A is differentiated, the differentiated waveform shown in FIG. When the peak value of the differential waveform is within a certain range, a trigger for the ion extraction power source 103 is generated at the zero cross point of the differential waveform. The structure of the trigger generator 102 at this time is shown in FIG. The configuration described in FIG. 6 is provided with a differentiating function for differentiating a signal from the respiratory vibration detector 101.

Example 4. In the above embodiment, the trigger generator 102 and the delay circuit are used to generate the delay pulse corresponding to each pulse power source with an arbitrary time delay.
A counter is used in this embodiment. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the timing control device for the particle accelerator of this embodiment. 9, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, 160
Counters a to 160h output one pulse signal when a preset number of pulses are input from the clock generator 107. A delay circuit 161 delays the trigger pulse generated by the trigger generator 102 to generate and output a delay pulse having a preset delay time.

One trigger pulse is output from the trigger generator 102, and when this trigger pulse becomes a delayed pulse delayed by an arbitrary time via the delay circuit 161, it is input to the clock generator 107, a predetermined number of pulses is obtained. It is output from the clock generator. Counter is inflector power supply 2
0, linac power supply 21, pertabeta power supply 28a-2
8c, the deflector power supply 29, the RFKO power supply 105, and the ion extraction power supply 103 are provided in front of each other, so that the preset value set in each counter delays the trigger pulse output from the trigger generator 102 by an arbitrary time. A starting pulse can be output to each of the pulse power supplies.

Example 5. FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the timing control device for the particle accelerator according to the fifth embodiment. 10, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the clock cycle output from the clock generator 107 is made earlier than the cycle required for the deflection electromagnet power source 22 and the like, and the repetition frequency of the clock is increased. Therefore, the clock sent to the deflecting electromagnet power source 22 or the like is converted into a clock signal frequency required for the memory device 64 by the frequency division (frequency conversion means) 171, and is supplied to the memory device 64.
In the memory device 64, control patterns are sequentially output to various electromagnet power supplies such as the deflection electromagnet power supply 22 according to the clock of the supplied clock signal frequency.

On the other hand, to the counters 160a to 160h,
A clock having a frequency faster than that required for the deflecting electromagnet power source 22 is supplied and counted. The counters 160a to 160h in this case can use presettable ripple counters having a corresponding number of stages because the number of digits of the counter value is large, but other types of counters can be used. You can also

As a result, the time required for the counter value to change to the "1" state becomes a cycle time corresponding to the repetition frequency of the clock, and by adjusting the preset value, the generation, acceleration, incidence and extraction of charged particles can be performed. It is possible to finely adjust the timing for activating various pulse power supplies such as the required ion extraction power supply 103.

Example 6. Although the crimping element 101b is used as the sensor for detecting the respiratory vibration of the respiratory vibration detector 101 in the embodiment described above, the same effect can be obtained by using the strain gauge 101d as shown in FIG. The strain gauge converts the expansion and contraction of the skin caused by respiration into an electric signal, and an electric signal almost proportional to respiration is obtained.

Example 7. Further, the same effect can be obtained by using the acceleration sensor 101e as a sensor as shown in FIG. This is to detect the acceleration of the vibration of the body due to respiration, and as shown in (b) of the figure, the time derivative of the position change of the skin is the velocity, and the time derivative is the acceleration. Therefore, by using the acceleration sensor 101e to detect the acceleration associated with the movement of the body, such as the abdomen or the chest, associated with breathing, the same effect as that of the strain gauge can be obtained.

Example 8. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the same effect can be obtained by using the carbon dioxide detector 101f as a sensor. This is to detect the concentration of carbon dioxide contained in respiration, and it was noted that the concentration of carbon dioxide exhausted with respiration is closely related to the breathing action for exhaling inhaled air. The same effect as the strain gauge or the acceleration sensor can be obtained.

Example 9. Next, a description will be given of an embodiment in which the beam is emitted in synchronization with the respiration of the irradiated body in the synchrotrons of different operation systems. FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a rapid cycling synchrotron using a combined function electromagnet and its timing control device. The same parts as those in FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a timing control device, FIG. 16 is a time chart during operation of the rapid cycling synchrotron by the timing control device shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a method for connecting a combined function electromagnet, Figure 1
FIG. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of electromagnets of the above-mentioned synchrotron shown for comparison.

In FIG. 14, reference numeral 232 is an electromagnet power source operated by the resonance excitation method, and as shown in FIG. 17, the bending electromagnet 40, the quadrupole electromagnets 41 and 42, and the hexapole electromagnet 143.
Is a power supply for energizing each electromagnet in series. Since they are energized in series, the number of coil turns of each electromagnet is designed to obtain the required magnetic field strength.Although not shown in the figure, the relative magnetic field strength of each electromagnet is set to be constant over time. An auxiliary coil is provided. The resonance excitation method is a method of repeatedly operating at a resonance frequency determined by the inductance of the coil of the electromagnet and the capacitor 232b connected in series to it, and is collectively referred to as an electromagnet power source 232 here including the capacitor 232b and the power source 232a. With this resonance excitation method, the output waveform of the electromagnet power supply is a sine wave, and it is possible to repeat it rapidly at about 20 Hz. The power supply 232a is devised so that a current always flows in the same direction in the coil, although it is a sine wave. Normally, the beam is incident near the bottom of the sine wave and emitted near the top. Further, the high frequency power supply 26 is operated in synchronization with the electromagnet power supply 232. It should be noted that this method has been implemented for several decades and is not novel.

In FIG. 15, reference numeral 234 denotes an emission gate circuit for receiving a pulse output from the trigger generator and outputting a delayed pulse having a time width necessary for beam extraction, and a reference numeral 235 triggers in synchronization with the output of the electromagnet power source 232. A master trigger generator 236 that generates a pulse is an AND circuit (logical product arithmetic circuit) that allows the trigger pulse output from the master trigger generator 235 to pass only during a time period required for emission.
The delay circuits 104, 106, 12a to 12f are circuits that send the trigger pulse output from the AND circuit 236 to each pulse power source with an arbitrary time delay. In addition, the inflector power source 20, the perturbator power sources 28a to 28c, the deflector power source 29, and the like used in the first embodiment are incident device power supply 237 and emission device power supply 238 according to their applications.
It is shown as.

As described above, since the rapid cycling synchrotron is operated in rapid repetition, the beam extraction method is performed by high speed extraction using the kicker magnet 49 shown in the conventional example. The beam emission time here is about 400 ms which is actually used at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Science and Technology Agency. The position of the affected area may be considered to be constant for this time in respiratory oscillation. If the repetition rate of the rapid cycling synchrotron is set to 20 Hz, 8
It is possible to emit light twice.

In FIGS. 15 and 16, the trigger generator 102 generates a pulse shown in FIG. 16B at an arbitrary phase of the electric signal when the respiratory vibration detector 101 detects the respiratory vibration. This pulse causes the emission gate circuit 234 to output a delayed pulse having a width of 400 ms shown in FIG. On the other hand, the electromagnet power source 232 is continuously connected to 20
20 Hz trigger pulse synchronized with the electromagnet power source 232 from the master trigger generator 235, as shown in (e) of FIG.
2 is output at the bottom of the output waveform. However, in order to make it easy to understand visually, the output gate width is set to the value shown in FIG.
The output waveform of the electromagnet power source 232 shown in (d) is 20 Hz
Is not repeated. The AND circuit 236 outputs the trigger pulse output from the master trigger generator 235 to the delay circuits 104, 106, 12a to 12f only while the output gate circuit 234 outputs the delayed pulse having the pulse width of 400 msec. . The delay time of each delay circuit is set in consideration of the rise time of each power source so that the light can enter and exit at an optimum timing.

Since the present embodiment is configured in this way, the ion extraction power source 103, the linac power source 21,
The incident device power supply 237 and the emission device power supply 238 are operated in synchronization with the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, and the electromagnet power supply 232 is operated independently and continuously. In addition, the respiratory vibration generator 101
The respective embodiments described above can be applied to the trigger generator 102.

Example 10. Although the electromagnet power source 232 is always operated in the above-mentioned embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by a method of operating only for the time required for extraction. FIG.
9 is a time chart showing the operation when the electromagnet power source 232 is operated only for the time required for extraction, and FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the timing control device. In FIG. 20, reference numeral 240 is an electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit that determines the operation time of the electromagnet power supply 232. The electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit 240 receives the pulse output from the trigger generator 102 and outputs a pulse having a time width necessary for operating the electromagnet power supply 232. This pulse width is the output gate circuit 23.
Electromagnetic power source 2 within the period when the pulse from 4 is output
The pulse width of the pulse output from the emission gate circuit 234 is made wider so that 32 can be operated normally. Also,
The trigger pulse output from the master trigger generator 235 is output in synchronization with the operation of the electromagnet power source 232.

Example 11. The same effect can be obtained by using the counter as shown in the fifth embodiment instead of the delay circuit used in the ninth and tenth embodiments. As the clock generator in this case, the electromagnet power source 2
A clock generator that generates a clock signal of any frequency independent of the control of 32 can be used.

[0091]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, various pulse power supplies of the particle accelerator are operated in synchronization with an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector. , A timing of a particle accelerator capable of controlling the irradiation by the particle accelerator so as to be synchronized with the respiration of the irradiated body and efficiently performing it at an accurate and optimum timing, and improving the irradiation accuracy of the irradiated body. The control device can be obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector is synchronized with an arbitrary phase and linearly generated by the generation of charged particles by the charged particle generation means and the high frequency electric field in the charged particle acceleration means. Since it was configured to operate various pulsed power supplies required for acceleration, the irradiation of the irradiated body was performed by the charged particle accelerator that performs charged particle generation by the charged particle generator and linear acceleration by the high frequency electric field. There is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator can be obtained which can be controlled synchronously and efficiently so as to be performed accurately and at an optimum timing, and the irradiation accuracy of an irradiation target object is improved.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector is synchronized with an arbitrary phase, and the charged particles are generated by the charged particle generating means or the charged particles are generated by the high frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron. Since it is configured to operate various pulse power supplies required for acceleration, incidence, and extraction, accurate and optimum timing is achieved by synchronizing the irradiation by the particle accelerator having the high-frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron with the respiration of the irradiation target. It is possible to obtain a timing control device for a particle accelerator in which the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target can be improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the respiratory oscillation is detected by the respiratory oscillation detector and synchronized with an arbitrary phase, the counter is used to operate various pulse power sources of the synchrotron. The irradiation by the synchrotron can be controlled to synchronize with the respiration of the irradiated object so that the output pattern of the electromagnet power supply is accurately and efficiently performed at the optimum timing, and the irradiation accuracy of the irradiated object is improved. There is an effect that the timing control device of the particle accelerator can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 5, a clock generator for generating a clock signal having a frequency higher than a clock signal frequency required for a storage device storing control patterns of various electromagnet power supplies of a synchrotron, A counter that operates with a high-frequency clock signal and a frequency conversion unit that lowers the frequency of the clock signal between the clock generator and the storage device are provided, and the storage device is controlled by the frequency conversion unit. While reading the control pattern of the various electromagnet power supplies from the clock signal of frequency, while using the counter to synchronize with any phase of respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector,
Since it is configured to operate various pulse power supplies of the synchrotron, the irradiation by the synchrotron is synchronized with the breathing of the irradiation target and the output pattern of the electromagnet power supply is accurately and optimally adjusted according to the resolution of the counter. There is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator can be obtained, which can be controlled so as to be efficiently performed at various timings and which improves the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target.

According to the invention of claim 6, the operation of the pulse power supply in the rapid cycling synchrotron having the high frequency linear accelerator for accelerating the charged particles generated by the charged particle generating means and the electromagnet power supply operated by the resonance excitation method. Is configured to be controlled in synchronism with the respiratory vibration of the irradiation target and the electromagnet power supply, so that the respiration of the irradiation target and the electromagnet power supply are performed only during the period in which the irradiation of the irradiation target with charged particles is performed. There is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator can be obtained, which can be controlled to be performed accurately and optimally and efficiently in synchronism with, and the irradiation accuracy of an irradiation target object can be improved.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the electromagnet power supply operation for receiving the pulse output from the trigger generator and generating the pulse having a time width longer than the delay pulse output from the emission gate circuit at an arbitrary time delay. Since a gate circuit is provided and the electromagnet power supply of the high frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron is operated while the pulse is being output from the electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit, it operates only during operation. The electromagnet power supply or pulse power supply synchronized with the respiration of the irradiation target controls the irradiation of the charged particles to the irradiation target in synchronization with the respiration of the irradiation target so as to perform accurately and efficiently at an optimal timing. Therefore, there is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator in which the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target is improved can be obtained.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the trigger generator generates the pulse only when the maximum value of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector is within an arbitrary range. When the particle size becomes large, it is possible to control not to irradiate the charged particles, to prevent erroneous irradiation, and to obtain the timing control device of the particle accelerator that improves the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target. is there.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the detection signal of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector is differentiated, and the trigger generator generates a pulse only when the maximum value of the differential value is within an arbitrary range. Since it is configured so that it can be controlled so that the irradiation of charged particles is not performed when breathing suddenly becomes faster, it is possible to prevent erroneous irradiation and improve the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target. There is an effect that the timing control device of the accelerator can be obtained.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, since the acceleration sensor is used as the respiratory vibration detector,
It is possible to control the irradiation of the irradiated object to the irradiated object in synchronization with the respiration of the irradiated object so that it can be controlled accurately and at an optimal timing, improving the irradiation accuracy of the irradiated object and further detecting respiratory vibration. There is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator can be obtained which can reduce the physical burden on the irradiated object.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since a lightweight and compact strain gauge is used as the respiratory vibration detector, the irradiation of the charged object with the charged particles is synchronized with the respiration of the irradiated object. A particle accelerator timing control device that can perform control accurately and at optimal timing, further improve irradiation accuracy on the irradiation target, and reduce the physical burden on the irradiation target during respiratory vibration detection. There is an effect to be obtained.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, since the carbon dioxide detector is used as the respiratory vibration detector, the respiratory vibration can be detected without contact, and the respiratory vibration is detected when the respiratory vibration is detected. There is an effect that a timing control device for a particle accelerator can be obtained in which the restriction on the mounting position of the detector is eliminated and the physical burden on the irradiated object is reduced.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiation subject, and a preset delay time is given based on the pulse generated at the arbitrary phase. Since it is configured to generate various delayed pulses and control various pulse power sources that constitute the particle accelerator by the generated delayed pulse, the irradiation by the particle accelerator is synchronized with the respiration of the irradiation target, and the optimum and optimal There is an effect that a timing control method for a particle accelerator can be obtained, which can be controlled so as to be efficiently performed at a timing and which can improve the irradiation accuracy of an irradiation target.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the pulse generated at any phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body is delayed to generate charged particles or accelerate the charged particles by a high frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron. Since a delay pulse having a preset delay time which is output to various pulse power supplies necessary for incidence and emission is generated and the pulse power supply is controlled by the generated delay pulse, the high frequency linear Irradiation by a particle accelerator having an accelerator and a synchrotron can be controlled to be synchronized with breathing of an irradiation target and to be performed efficiently at an accurate and optimal timing.
There is an effect that a timing control method for a particle accelerator with improved irradiation accuracy for an irradiation target can be obtained.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, and the generated pulse is delayed to generate a delayed pulse with a preset delay time. Then, a clock signal is generated based on the delay pulse, and a control pattern written in advance in a storage device is sequentially output based on the clock signal, whereby a predetermined output current is supplied from various electromagnet power sources of the synchrotron. Of each of the electromagnets and counts the clock signal, and when the count value reaches a predetermined value, a start pulse is generated, and based on the generated start pulse, generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of charged particles are performed. Since it is configured to activate various pulsed power supplies required for this, the irradiation by the synchrotron can be synchronized with the respiration of the irradiated body for accurate and optimal timing. Can be controlled to perform efficiently at ring, the effect of the timing control method of the particle accelerator with improved irradiation accuracy of the irradiated body is obtained.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a delay pulse having a preset delay time is generated based on the pulse generated at any phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, and the delay pulse is generated. The frequency of the clock signal generated based on the control pattern is set to a frequency higher than the clock signal frequency required by the storage device storing the control pattern, and the clock signal frequency of the higher frequency is lowered to supply the storage device with the control pattern. While reading out the high frequency clock signal, various pulses necessary for the generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of the charged particles based on the starting pulse generated when the count value reaches a predetermined value. Since the power supply is configured to be activated, the count value has a high resolution, and the irradiation of the charged particles is performed in synchronization with the respiration of the irradiated body. Of can be increased timing accuracy, the effect of the timing control method of the particle accelerator with improved irradiation accuracy of the irradiated body is obtained.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, and a time width required for irradiation with an arbitrary delay time based on the generated pulse. A delay pulse having a delay pulse is generated, a trigger pulse synchronized with the electromagnet power source is output only during a period in which the delay pulse is output, and a delay trigger pulse having an arbitrary delay time generated based on the trigger pulse is charged. Generation of particles,
Since it is configured to output to various pulse power supplies required for acceleration, incidence, and extraction, accurate and optimum timing is achieved by synchronizing the irradiation of charged particles to the irradiation target with the respiration of the irradiation target and the electromagnet power supply. Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to obtain a timing control method of a particle accelerator in which the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target can be improved.

According to the eighteenth aspect of the invention, a delayed pulse having a time width necessary for irradiation with an arbitrary delay time is based on a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation of the irradiated body. Since it is configured to generate a pulse with an arbitrary delay time of a long time width and synchronize the operation of the electromagnet power supply with the pulse, the electromagnet power supply or the pulse power supply synchronized with the respiration of the irradiation target , A particle accelerator that can control the irradiation of charged particles to the irradiation target to be synchronized with the irradiation of the irradiation target and to perform it efficiently at an accurate and optimal timing, and improve the irradiation accuracy of the irradiation target. There is an effect that the above timing control method can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of a particle accelerator to which the timing control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of the timing control device for the particle accelerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a respiratory vibration detector of the particle accelerator timing control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention and a waveform diagram showing respiratory vibration.

FIG. 5 is a time chart showing a relationship between respiratory oscillation and extraction in the timing control device for the particle accelerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a trigger generator of the timing control device for the particle accelerator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the relationship between respiratory oscillation and extraction in the timing control device for a particle accelerator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a trigger generator in a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a respiratory vibration detector and a waveform diagram showing a respiratory vibration in a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing a respiratory vibration detector and a waveform diagram showing a respiratory vibration in a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

13A and 13B are a conceptual diagram showing a respiratory vibration detector and a waveform diagram showing a respiratory vibration in a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a particle accelerator to which a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the structure of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a time chart showing the operation of the timing control device for the particle accelerator according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a wiring diagram of a synchrotron electromagnet according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a wiring diagram of each electromagnet according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a time chart showing the operation of the particle accelerator timing control device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the structure of a timing control device for a particle accelerator according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a plan view showing a particle accelerator in which a conventional timing control device is used.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional timing control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 synchrotron (charged particle acceleration means), 12a, 1
2b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, 12g, 10
4, 106, 161 delay circuit, 64 memory device (storage device), 100 ion source (charged particle generating means), 1
01 Respiratory vibration detector, 102 Trigger generator, 107
Clock generator, 160a, 160b, 160c, 1
60d, 160e, 160f, 160g, 160h counter, 171 frequency divider (frequency conversion means), 232
Electromagnet power supply, 234 output gate circuit, 236 AND
Circuit (logical AND operation circuit), 240 Electromagnetic power supply operation gate circuit.

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A charged particle generation means for generating charged particles, a charged particle acceleration means for accelerating charged particles generated by the charged particle generation means, and charged particles accelerated by the charged particle acceleration means for irradiation. In a timing control device of a particle accelerator for controlling the operation timing of each part of a particle accelerator including a charged particle irradiating means for irradiating the object, a respiratory vibration detector for detecting respiratory vibration of the irradiated object, and the respiratory vibration detector A trigger generator that generates a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory oscillation detected by the pulse generator, delays the pulse generated by the trigger generator, and outputs the pulse generator to various pulse power sources that configure the particle accelerator. A timing control device for a particle accelerator, comprising: a delay circuit for generating a delay pulse having a delay time. 2. A charged particle generating means for generating charged particles, and a charged particle accelerating means for linearly accelerating the charged particles generated by the charged particle generating means by a high frequency electric field.
In a timing control device of a particle accelerator for controlling operation timing of each part of a particle accelerator, which comprises charged particle irradiation means for irradiating an irradiated object with charged particles accelerated by the charged particle acceleration means, respiratory vibration of the irradiated object And a trigger generator for generating a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector, delaying the pulse generated by the trigger generator, and charging A delay circuit for generating a delay pulse having a preset delay time, which is output to various pulse power sources necessary for generation of charged particles by the particle generating means and linear acceleration by the high frequency electric field in the charged particle accelerating means. A timing control device for a particle accelerator, comprising: 3. A charged particle generating means for generating charged particles, a high frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron for accelerating the charged particles generated by the charged particle generating means, and a charge accelerated by the high frequency linear accelerator and synchrotron. In a particle accelerator timing control device for controlling the operation timing of each part of the particle accelerator provided with charged particle irradiation means for irradiating particles to the irradiated body, a respiratory vibration detector for detecting respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, A trigger generator that generates a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector, delays the pulse generated by the trigger generator, and generates charged particles by the charged particle generating means or Pre-set to output to various pulse power sources required for acceleration, injection and emission of charged particles by high frequency linear accelerator and synchrotron A timing control device for a particle accelerator, comprising: a delay circuit for generating a delay pulse having a delay time. 4. A charged particle generating means for generating charged particles, a high frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron for accelerating the charged particles generated by the charged particle generating means, and a charge accelerated by the high frequency linear accelerator and synchrotron. In a particle accelerator timing control device for controlling the operation timing of each part of the particle accelerator provided with charged particle irradiation means for irradiating particles to the irradiated body, a respiratory vibration detector for detecting respiratory vibration of the irradiated body, A trigger generator that generates a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector, and a delayed pulse that delays the pulse generated by the trigger generator and is given a preset delay time Circuit for generating a clock signal, a clock generator for generating a clock signal based on the delay pulse generated by the delay circuit, and the clock generator The various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron that obtain a predetermined output current by sequentially outputting the control pattern written in advance in the storage device based on the clock signal generated in step S1 and the clock signal are counted, And a counter for activating various pulse power supplies necessary for the generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of the charged particles when the startup pulse is reached. . 5. The clock generator generates a clock signal having a frequency higher than a clock signal frequency required for the memory device of various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron, and the clock generator and the memory device. 5. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to claim 4, further comprising frequency conversion means for lowering the frequency of the clock signal between them. 6. A rapid cycling synchrotron having a charged particle generating means for generating charged particles, a high frequency linear accelerator for accelerating the charged particles generated by the charged particle generating means, and an electromagnet power supply operated by a resonance excitation method. And a charged particle irradiation means for irradiating the irradiated object with accelerated charged particles, in a timing control device of the particle accelerator for controlling the operation timing of each part of the particle accelerator, the respiration for detecting respiratory vibration of the irradiated object. A vibration detector, a trigger generator that generates a pulse at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector, and an arbitrary delay time based on the pulse generated by the trigger generator An emission gate circuit that generates a delay pulse having a time width necessary for irradiation, and a master that outputs a trigger pulse in synchronization with the electromagnet power supply. -A trigger generator, an AND operation circuit that outputs the trigger pulse from the master trigger generator only during a period in which the delay pulse is output from the emission gate circuit, and the trigger output from the AND operation circuit And a delay circuit for outputting a delayed trigger pulse generated based on the pulse and having an arbitrary delay time to various pulse power sources necessary for generation, acceleration, incidence and emission of charged particles. Timing controller for particle accelerator. 7. An electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit for receiving a pulse output from the trigger generator and generating a pulse having a time width longer than a delay pulse output from the emission gate circuit at an arbitrary time delay, 7. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to claim 6, wherein the electromagnet power supply of the high-frequency linear accelerator or the rapid cycling synchrotron is operated while the pulse is output from the electromagnet power supply operation gate circuit. 8. The maximum value of respiratory vibration detected by the respiratory vibration detector is detected, and the trigger generator generates a pulse only when the detected value is within an arbitrary range. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. The trigger generator generates a pulse only when a respiratory vibration detection signal detected by the respiratory vibration detector is differentiated and the maximum value of the differential value is within an arbitrary range. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 10. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein an acceleration sensor is used as the respiratory vibration detector. 11. A strain gauge is used as a respiratory vibration detector, according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
A timing control device for a particle accelerator according to the item. 12. The timing control device for a particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein a carbon dioxide detector is used as the respiratory vibration detector. 13. A timing control method for controlling the operation timing of each part of a particle accelerator for accelerating charged particles and irradiating the irradiated object with the accelerated charged particles, wherein a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory vibration of the irradiated object. To generate a delay pulse with a preset delay time based on the pulse generated in the arbitrary phase, and various pulse power sources that configure the particle accelerator by the generated delay pulse. A timing control method for a particle accelerator, which is characterized by controlling. 14. A timing control method for accelerating charged particles by a high-frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron, and controlling the operation timing of each part of the particle accelerator that irradiates the irradiated particles with the accelerated charged particles. The pulse generated at any phase of the respiratory oscillation is delayed and output to various pulse power sources necessary for the generation of the charged particles and the acceleration, incidence, and emission of the charged particles by the high-frequency linear accelerator and the synchrotron. A timing control method for a particle accelerator, comprising: generating a delay pulse having a preset delay time, and controlling the pulse power supply with the generated delay pulse. 15. A timing control method for accelerating charged particles by a high-frequency linear accelerator and a synchrotron, and controlling the operation timing of each part of the particle accelerator for irradiating the irradiated object with the accelerated charged particles, the irradiation object Pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory oscillation of, the generated pulse is delayed to generate a delayed pulse with a preset delay time, and a clock signal is generated based on the delayed pulse. A predetermined output current is supplied from various electromagnet power supplies of the synchrotron to various electromagnets of the synchrotron by sequentially outputting control patterns written in advance in a storage device based on the clock signal, and the clock signals are counted. When the count value reaches a predetermined value, a start pulse is generated, and the charged particle is generated based on the start pulse generated. A particle accelerator timing control method characterized by activating various pulse power supplies required for generation, acceleration, incidence, and emission of particles. 16. A clock signal generated based on a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation of the irradiated body, the delay pulse having a preset delay time, and generated based on the delayed pulse. 16. The particle according to claim 15, wherein the frequency is generated at a frequency higher than the clock signal frequency required by the storage device, and the clock signal frequency of this high frequency is lowered and supplied to the storage device. Accelerator timing control method. 17. An operation timing of each part of a particle accelerator for accelerating charged particles by a rapid cycling synchrotron having a high frequency linear accelerator and an electromagnet power source operated by a resonance excitation method and irradiating the irradiated object with the accelerated charged particles. In the timing control method for controlling, a delay pulse having a time width required for irradiation, in which a pulse is generated at an arbitrary phase of respiratory oscillation of the irradiation target, and an arbitrary delay time is added based on the generated pulse. Is generated, a trigger pulse synchronized with the electromagnet power source is output only during the period in which the delay pulse is output, and a delayed trigger pulse generated based on the trigger pulse is provided with an arbitrary delay time. , Timing control method of particle accelerator for outputting to various pulse power supplies required for acceleration, incidence and emission. 18. A pulse having an arbitrary delay time longer than the delay pulse is generated based on a pulse generated at an arbitrary phase of the respiratory vibration of the irradiation target, and the electromagnet power supply is generated. 18. The timing control method for a particle accelerator according to claim 17, wherein the operation of is synchronized with the pulse.