JPH08267455A - Waste treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To recover valuables suitable for reutilization so as to match with global environment by providing a foamed material treatment device to the rear stage of a sorter and providing a depolymerizatlon device to the rear stage of the foamed material treatment device. CONSTITUTION: At first, waste household electric appliances 161 are pretreated in a pretreatment device 162 and cathode ray tubes of televisions reach a large- sized glass treatment device 163 and various box bodies or metal lumps reach a grinder 164 while freezing fluorocarbon reaches a fluorocarbon decomposition device 165. A foamed material is also separated by a sorter 166 to reach a foamed material treatment device 167. A part of the foamed material is effectively utilized as an adsorbing material of oil or the like and the remainder thereof becomes a chemical forming product of a plastic material in a depolymerization device 170. Dust reaches a dust treatment device from the large-sized glass treatment device 163, the grinder 164 and the foamed material treatment device 167 and the solid fuel or oil obtained from a plastic treatment device 169 is supplied to the dust treatment device 168, the depolymerization device 170 and a fluorocarbon decomposition device 165 as a heat source.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment device, and more particularly to a waste treatment device suitable for treating various kinds of waste home electric appliances such as televisions and refrigerators to recover useful substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of waste has been treated by landfilling as it is, or by crushing and incinerating it. These had problems of shortage of landfill and global warming. There was also concern about the generation of harmful gas. On the other hand, the demand for recycling is increasing from the viewpoint of limited resources.

Generally, wastes such as waste home electric appliances are composed of a plurality of kinds of metals and plastics, respectively, and it is an urgent issue how to treat harmful substances and collect useful substances efficiently and effectively. ing.

To solve this problem, a technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 147040/1993 has been proposed.

[0005]

In the above disclosure of the prior art, there is no mention of post-treatment of CFCs such as refrigerators and treatment of large glass such as cathode ray tubes. Further, the pretreatment device has a strong influence on the efficiency of the subsequent treatment, but the contents thereof are not mentioned in the disclosure of the prior art. Therefore,
There has been a strong demand for a so-called integrated processing facility for so-called home electric appliances that does not generate dust and replaces Freon with useful materials.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a so-called integrated waste treatment facility that collects useful substances suitable for reuse and that matches the global environment.

[0007]

A waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention comprises a waste pretreatment apparatus, a crushing apparatus provided after the pretreatment apparatus, and a sorting apparatus provided after the crushing apparatus. And having any one of the following configurations.

(1) A foam material treatment device is provided in the latter stage of the sorting device, and a depolymerization device is provided in the latter stage of the foam material treatment device. (2) A foam material treatment device is provided in the latter stage of the sorting device, and a depolymerization device and a dust treatment device are provided in the latter stage of the foam material treatment device.

(3) A foaming material processing device and a plastics processing device are provided after the sorting device, and a depolymerization device and a dust processing device are provided after the foaming material processing device. And / or a line for supplying oil to the depolymerization device and / or the dust treatment device.

(4) A fluorocarbon decomposer is also installed in the latter stage of the pretreatment device, and a foam material treatment device is provided in the latter stage of the sorting device.
The CFC decomposer is also located after the foam material treatment device, and the CFC decomposition device is provided with a line in which the refrigerant CFC from the pretreatment device and the foam CFC from the foam material treatment device flow in. A depolymerization device is provided after the processing device.

(5) In addition to the shredding device, a large glass processing device is provided downstream of the pretreatment device. ◆ (6) A large glass processing device is installed in the latter part of the pretreatment device in addition to the shredding device, and a foam material processing device is installed in the latter part of the sorting device, and the latter part of the foam material processing device, the shredding device and the large glass processing device is installed. Commonly equipped with a dust processing device.

(7) A CFC decomposition apparatus and a large glass processing apparatus are installed side by side after the pretreatment apparatus, and a plastic processing apparatus and a foam material processing apparatus are installed side by side after the sorting apparatus, and a post-stage of the foam material processing apparatus. The freon decomposition device is also located at this position, and the freon decomposition device is equipped with a line for the refrigerant freon from the pretreatment device and the foam freon from the foam material treatment device to flow in. A polymerization device is installed side by side, and in addition to a depolymerization device in the subsequent stage of the foam material processing device, a dust processing device is also installed so that solid fuel and / or oil obtained from the plastic processing device is depolymerized device and / or dust processing device and / Or equipped with a line to supply to the Freon decomposition device, the dust generated from each device to the dust processing device after the foam material processing device, crushing device and large glass processing device Equipped with a Ku line.

(8) In any one of the above (1) to (7), the waste is a household electric appliance, and the pretreatment device includes a model identification means and a sorting means located after the model identification means. A large glass separating means and / or a chlorofluorocarbon extracting means and / or a metal lump separating means, which are located after the sorting means, are provided.

(9) In any one of the above (1) to (7), the crushing device includes a coarse crusher and a peeling crusher at the subsequent stage. (10) In any one of the above (1) to (7), the crushing device has a peeling crusher or an impact crusher, and a cutting machine is arranged in front of the crusher.

(11) In any one of the above (1) to (7), the pretreatment device comprises a sorting means and a metal lump separating means after the sorting means, and a CFC removing means is provided after the sorting means. And a large glass separating means are provided side by side, and a metal lump separating means different from the metal lump separating means immediately after the sorting means is arranged also in the latter stage of the large glass separating means and the chlorofluorocarbon extracting means.

(12) In any one of the above (1) to (11), the pretreatment device is provided with a sorting means and an aligning means immediately after the sorting means or at a stage subsequent to the CFC extracting means and / or the large glass separating means. . ◆ (13) In any one of (1) to (11) above,
The pretreatment device includes a sorting means and a posture control means at a front stage and / or a rear stage of the sorting means.

(14) In any one of the above (1) to (13), the pretreatment device is provided with a weight measuring device and a shape measuring device of introduced waste as model identifying means, and inputs these measurement data. A processing analysis device is additionally provided, and a cable to each device is provided so as to select a subsequent processing route and / or operation of the processing device.

(15) In any one of the above (1) to (13), the pretreatment device is provided with a shape measuring device for the introduced waste as a model identification means, and inputs the measured data as image data and introduces the same. A processing analysis device that captures waste design data is attached, and a cable to each device is provided so as to select a subsequent processing route and / or operation of the processing device.

(16) In any one of the above (1) to (13), at least a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a washing machine, and a TV are put in the pretreatment device in a mixed manner, and 2 tons or more and 5 tons or less per hour are charged. Can be processed.

(17) The preprocessing device comprises model identification means,
It is provided with a sorting means subsequent to the model identification means, and a large glass separating means and / or CFC extracting means and / or a metal lump separating means after the sorting means.

(18) The pretreatment device comprises a sorting means and a metal lump separating means in the latter stage of the sorting means, and a fluorocarbon extracting means and a large glass separating means are provided together in the latter stage of the sorting means to further increase the size. A metal lump separating means different from the metal lump separating means immediately after the sorting means is arranged at the rear stage of the glass separating means and the rear stage of the fluorocarbon extracting means, respectively.

(19) The pretreatment device is provided with a sorting means and an aligning means immediately after the sorting means or at a stage subsequent to the CFC removing means and / or the large glass separating means. (20) The pretreatment device includes a sorting means and a posture control means before and / or after the sorting means.

(21) In any one of the above (17) to (20), the pretreatment device is provided with a weight measuring device for introduced waste as a model identifying means and a shape measuring device, and inputs these measurement data. A processing analysis device is additionally provided, and a cable to each device is provided so as to select a subsequent processing route and / or operation of the processing device.

[0024]

The waste treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a system comprising a pretreatment apparatus, a crushing apparatus and a sorting apparatus, a fluorocarbon decomposition apparatus,
It is characterized by being equipped with at least one of a large glass processing device, a foam processing device, a depolymerization device, a plastic processing device, and a dust processing device. ◆ Solid fuels and oils produced by plastic processing equipment are used as heat sources for dust processing equipment, depolymerization equipment, and CFC decomposition equipment.

The selected plastics are made into plastic materials or other chemical substances again by a depolymerization device. We also make solid fuels and oils from selected plastics consistently from plastic processing equipment. ◆ With a sorting device, metals and plastics that can be used directly as raw materials can be collected, and if necessary, sorted into more detailed materials.

[0026]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 6 show an example of an integrated treatment recycling system for waste home electric appliances according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Although these drawings should originally be shown as a single flow diagram, they are disassembled into 6 drawings for the sake of space.

First, the advanced AI facility area shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The truck equipped with the discarded electric home appliances enters the unloading device 1. The unloading device 1 is provided with a gate type crane, and moves the household electric appliances from the loading platform of the truck almost horizontally to reach the identification device 2. Refrigerator R, washing machine W, and air conditioner A
Sorted into C and TV. Up to this point, as a rule, they will move side by side without human intervention. The details will be described later in the embodiment.

First, the refrigerator R is a fluorocarbon recovery unit 3-1.
2, the refrigerant CFC (for example, CFC 12) is recovered, and thereafter, the compressor C is removed through the metal ingot separating means 4-1 and then the other refrigerator main body R reaches the cutting machine 5 in FIG.

The washing machine W reaches the metal block separating means 4-2,
The motor M (or the motor and the transmission, etc. may be included.
same as below. 2), the cutting machine 5 of FIG. 2 is also reached. Further, the air conditioner AC also first reaches the Freon recovery unit 3-2, recovers the refrigerant Freon, and then removes the compressor C via the metal lump separating means 4-3,
Similarly, the cutting machine 5 of FIG. 2 is reached.

Regarding the television TV, the cathode ray tube B is extracted in the disassembling device 6, the box and the like reach the crusher 8 in FIG. 2, the cathode ray tube B is guided to the cutter 7 and cut, and the neck 9 is recovered as a neck cullet. Others reach the cathode ray tube processing equipment area in FIG.

Each of the metal ingot separating means 4-1 to 3-4 may be cut by a cutter or the like, but may be manually used. These metal blocks C and M reach the useful material recovery processing area in FIG.

In the area shown in FIG. 2, the metal ingots C and M are first put into the cooling device 10, and made to be brittle by cooling with liquid nitrogen or the like, and then put into the crusher 11. The crushed material is dropped on the silo 12, and the dust 13 is guided to the dust melting furnace facility area in FIG.

On the other hand, the main body from which the metal blocks C and M have been removed by the refrigerator R, the washing machine W, and the air conditioner AC reaches the cutting machine 5 and is appropriately sized so as to be easily thrown into the shredder in the subsequent stage or shredded. The cut product that has been cut and passed through the cutting machine 5 reaches the crusher 8. A television TV without the cathode ray tube B is also introduced into the crusher 8. Dust 1 generated by the crusher 8
Similarly to dust 13, No. 4 is guided to the dust melting furnace facility area in FIG. The crushed material other than the dust 14 that has passed through the crusher 8 reaches the heat insulating material wind power sorter 15.

The heat insulating material wind power sorter 15 has a slanted flow path, and crushed materials such as relatively heavy metals and plastics descend and are discharged from the outlet 16 to another process. On the other hand, the comparatively light crushed material of the heat insulating material is guided to the silo 17 from above the flow path and further finely crushed by the crusher 18, so that the gas component (for example, Freon 11) constituting the heat insulating material and the residue of the heat insulating material. (PUR, also referred to as a resin component. The same applies hereinafter), and the PUR is applied to the extruder 19 and collected as a lump. Here, the gas components such as CFC 11 are collected in a cylinder using a technique such as cooling recovery.

The crushed material supplied from the crusher 11 through the silo 12 and the crushed material supplied from the outlet 16 of the wind power sorter 15 enter the magnetic separator 20 and are separated into iron and non-ferrous metal by the magnetic force. The eddy current sorter 21 reaches the eddy current sorter 21 to classify it into plastic and metal, and without crushing again, the plastic is sorted by specific gravity in the sorter tank 22 and separated into olefin-based plastic, styrene-based plastic, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and the like.

The non-ferrous metal reaches the wind power sorter 23 (the flow path is inclined in this example), and the relatively heavy copper and the like are collected from the lower outlet and the relatively light aluminum and the like from the upper outlet. It PVC and the like collected from the lower front side of the sorting tank 22 are treated in the same manner as dust. Here, when the selection by the non-ferrous metal sorting wind power sorter 23 is insufficient, a crusher is provided in front of the wind power sorter 23, and the crushing machine makes the particle sizes of the non-ferrous metal uniform, so that the sorting accuracy is improved. It will be further improved.

The dusts 13, 14 and PVC enter the silo 84 in the dust melting furnace facility area of FIG. 3, are carried by the screw conveyor 24, and are supplied into the dust melting furnace 25 from the top of the dust melting furnace 25. The exhaust gas 26 discharged from the side surface of the dust melting furnace 25 is guided to the exhaust gas processing machine 28 via the exhaust gas cooling tower 27, and the processing gas is discharged to the atmosphere via the chimney 29. On the other hand, the dust 30 is collected from the lower side of the exhaust gas processing device 28, and the detoxification processing device 31 performs a chelating process or a process such as vitrification, and then is collected as a residue. Although the slag 32 is collected from the bottom of the dust melting furnace 25, it is collected after passing through the slag cooling tank 33.

The cut pieces of the cathode ray tube B reaching the cathode ray tube processing facility area are first applied to the magnetic separator 34 to recover and remove the reinforcing metal fittings as iron, and then to the sorter 35 to separate the panel and the funnel.

The panel is put into a crusher 36 and crushed, and the crushed material is put into a partition tank upstream of the washing tank 37 divided into several tanks, washed with hydrofluoric acid and water, and then dried. After 38, it is recovered as panel cullet. One funnel is put into the crusher 39, and then the crushed material is put into a partition tank upstream of the washing tank 40 which is also divided into several tanks, and after washing with hydrofluoric acid or water, the dryer 41 is put After that, it is collected as panel cullet.

The solid content (resin content) of the heat insulating material is introduced into the melting tank 42 as shown in FIG. 5, where it is melted and then recovered through the cooling tank 43 as a useful chemical product. In addition, the recovered material after the plastic selection in FIG. 2 is preferably oiled, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. That is, the plastic is put into the melting tank 44, then reaches the decomposition tank 45, and the gas recovered from the upper portion of the decomposition tank 45 enters the receiver 48 through the reaction tank 46 and the cooler 47 in order, and the liquid component is recovered as product oil. .

The gas component of the receiver 48 is introduced into the heating furnace 49 together with air and used as a heat source of the heating furnace 49. The heating furnace 49 is an indirect heat exchanger, and the fluid from the decomposition tank 45 is heated through the heating furnace 49 and returned to the decomposition tank 45 again. From the bottom of the decomposition tank 45 to the melting tank 4
Residue can be collected from the middle of the piping up to 4.

According to this embodiment described above, not only is it possible to efficiently crush almost all of the household electric appliances that exist in the world, but also useful substances can be thoroughly recovered as recycled raw materials. That is, according to the present embodiment, no matter what kind of waste is brought in, it is possible to efficiently collect each material. Particularly efficiently recovered are Freon 11 and Freon 12, iron, copper, aluminum, cullet (glass), and various plastics. Furthermore, plastics are oiled and recovered as oil. Can be recovered as other chemical products.

In the plant of this embodiment, the waste household electric appliances (mixed loading) are 2 t per hour in consideration of the range of quantitative combination of the types.
It can process ~ 5t, and even if 1.1t of refrigerator, 0.5t of washing machine, 0.7t of air conditioner and 0.7t of TV are combined and 3t of waste home electric appliances is introduced, 1
It is possible to process 3t per hour, 18t per day by operating for 6 hours a day, and 396t per month as operation on January 22nd.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 7 to 9 show the entire advanced AI equipment area according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that it is divided into three figures for the sake of space. In this example, most facilities are designed so as to avoid human intervention as much as possible.

A plurality of truck unloaders 51 are provided in the unloading area 50 of FIG. 7, and the waste household electric appliances are made to flow to the subsequent stage by the rough separation conveyor 52 from there. The rough separation conveyor 52 reaches the bulk / posture correction area 53 for the transported material. Here, the bulk / posture correction device 54-
1, 54-2 are arranged in parallel, and the nonstandard product is discharged from the nonstandard product discharge line 55-1 from the subsequent stage of the conveyed product bulk / posture correction device 54-1. For non-standard products, the bulk / posture correction device for conveyed goods (posture correction is also referred to as posture control; the same applies hereinafter) 54-2 is joined at the latter stage.
Furthermore, the non-standard product discharge line 55-2 is also provided at the latter stage of this confluence.
Is provided so that non-standard products can be discharged. An LP (local panel; the same applies hereinafter) 56 is provided in this area 53, and operation control of each device in the area 53 and display of operating status, etc., or central processing of data from each device in the area 53 is performed. The data is sent to the analysis device, and operation control of each device is performed based on the command data from the processing analysis device, or the power supply panel in the vicinity thereof is provided.

Bulk / posture correction device 54-
1, 54-2 reaches the product type recognition area 57,
Centering devices 58-1, 5 for each line sequentially
8-2, image reading devices 59-1 and 59-2 are provided,
From the latter stage of the image reading device 59-1, a defective reading product 60-1
Is branched off, and the line for flowing the defective reading product 60-2 is also branched at the subsequent stage of the image reading device 59-2 to join the defective reading product 60-1 to the posture correction device 61. After that, each centering device 58-1, 5
It is set to enter 8-2. LP in this area 57
62 is provided, and the operation control of each device in the area 57 and the display of the operating state or the like or the data from each device in the area 53 is sent to the central processing analysis device, and based on the command data from the processing analysis device. It controls the operation of each device. In addition to visible light, X-rays or the like can be used for reading each image.

Next, each line that has passed through the product type recognition area reaches the product type classification area 63 for sorting by model. This product classification area 63 includes a television sorting machine 64 for sorting televisions from the upstream side to the downstream side, and then an air conditioner for each line (two lines in this example) from the area 57. Air conditioner indoor unit sorter 65 that sorts AC indoor units, then a washing machine sorter 66 that sorts washing machines W, then an air conditioner outdoor unit sorter 67 that sorts air conditioner AC outdoor units, and then A refrigerator sorting machine 68 for sorting the refrigerator R is provided. At the end, the product discharge section 69 cannot be classified.

The waste home appliances sorted by the television sorter 64, the air conditioner indoor unit sorter 65, and the washing machine sorter 66 reach the area shown in FIG. 9, but the air conditioner outdoor unit sorter 67 and the refrigerator sorter are used. Each of the waste home electric appliances sorted by 68 goes through the Freon collection standby area 70 before reaching the area of FIG. In addition, the posture of the refrigerator is adjusted before the CFC collection standby area 70 via the posture correction device 71 so that the subsequent processing can be smoothly performed. The posture correction device 71 may be semi-automatic. In this example, the air conditioner outdoor unit sorter 67 and the refrigerator sorter 68 are arranged next to each other, so that the so-called refrigerant CFC recovery line and its routing become more compact. In the Freon collection standby area 70, the line for the refrigerator is divided into two, and there are a total of three lines together with the outdoor unit line, and each of the lines is provided with a device 72-1 to 72-3 for discharging each of the household electric appliances. There is.

A fluorocarbon recovery area 73 is provided downstream of the fluorocarbon recovery standby area 70, and two sets of fluorocarbon recovery units 74 are provided for each line. Change the direction of the air conditioner outdoor unit as appropriate. In this example, each CFC recovery unit 74 performs CFC recovery manually. It is from the viewpoint of work efficiency that there are two sets on each line, and two lines for each line will be flowed to enable line work.

For each refrigerator line, after the area 73, a casing cutting device (as a result, a metal block separating device) for cutting the main body, the motor M, and the compressor C through the posture correcting devices 75-1 and 75-2. It works.) 76-1,7
After 6-2, the casing reaches the cutting machine 77 of the crushing and sorting facility in the latter stage. Further, the motor M and the compressor C, which have been cut and separated, reach the pre-cooling conveyor 78 of the crushing and sorting equipment in the subsequent stage. The air conditioner outdoor unit line reaches the casing cutting device 79 without posture correction, and the washing machine line also reaches the casing cutting device 80, and the motor M and the compressor C, which are cut and separated respectively, merge with those of the refrigerator line. Then, the pre-cooling conveyor 78 of the crushing and sorting equipment in the subsequent stage is reached. It should be noted that any of the above casing cutting devices is semi-automatic.

On the other hand, an air conditioner indoor unit,
While joining the casing of the air conditioner outdoor unit and the casing of the washing machine, they reach the cutting machine 81 of the crushing and sorting facility in the subsequent stage.

Further, with respect to the television (line 64), the separation device 82 for separating the cathode ray tube from the casing is reached, and the casing reaches the cutting machine 81. The CRT is separated into a neck, a funnel and the like in the neck / funnel cutting means 83, the funnel and the like are processed by the resistance heating separation device of the CRT processing equipment, and the neck is conveyed to the dust melting furnace equipment conveyer 85 of the crushing and sorting equipment.

FIG. 10 shows a crushing / sorting facility corresponding to the latter stage of the advanced AI facility. The metal blocks C and M reach the liquid nitrogen dipping device 86 via the pre-cooling conveyor 78 and are put into the crusher 87. A liquid nitrogen tank 861 is attached to the liquid nitrogen dipping device 86 to replenish liquid nitrogen appropriately.

The case of the refrigerator reaches the cutting machine 77, while the case of the television, the case of the washing machine, the indoor unit of the air conditioner, the case of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, etc. reach the cutting machine 81. The latter stages of the cutting machines 77 and 81 join and are guided to the crusher 88. The neck of the cathode ray tube is carried by a conveyor 85 to the dust melting furnace facility, and dust from the crusher 87 and dust from the crusher 88 are also mixed into this conveyor 85 to make the line compact. At this time, PVC that comes out of the plastic selection described below
Also join the dust line.

The crushed material of the crusher 87 is put into the silo 89 and reaches the magnetic separator 90. On the other hand, the crushed material of the crusher 88 is fed into the wind separator 91 with a slanted flow path, and a heavy substance, that is, metal or plastic is extracted from the lower side, merged with the crushed material of the crusher 87, and fed into the magnetic separator 90. Let From the upstream of the wind power sorter 91, a foam insulation material containing CFCs is blown up and collected, which enters the silo 92, passes through a crusher 93, and a gas component is a CFC recovery line 94.
The solid content is recovered via the extruder 95. The chlorofluorocarbon recovery line 94 is formed by a compressor 96 and heat exchangers 97 and 98 for water and refrigerant, respectively, and recovers the chlorofluorocarbon 11 in a cylinder.

Magnetic force sorter 90, drum separator 100
The iron 99 is recovered through the eddy current sorter 101 and the plastic and the non-ferrous metal are separated from each other. The non-ferrous metal is passed through the wind sorter 102 such that the heavy copper 103 is from the lower side and the lighter aluminum 104 is from the upper side. Be recovered.

Plastic is a liquid-based specific gravity sorting tank 10
The olefinic plastic 106 which is lighter and floats on the water due to the difference in specific gravity when it is applied to the 5th, the styrene plastic 107 which is heavier than water but lighter than PVC and sinks to the rear of the tank, and the PVC and other relatively heavy 108 or more.
PVC and other 108 are optionally combined with the dust treatment.

According to the present embodiment described above, not only can at least televisions, air conditioners, refrigerators, and washing machines be used to efficiently dispose of waste home electric appliances, but also useful substances can be thoroughly recovered as recycled raw materials. It has an effect. In particular, the AI treatment facility is less likely to cause labor and is expected to improve efficiency.

(Third Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows an arrangement example of AI equipment. This example is a two-story building, and the truck is equipped with a truck unloader 109 so that a plurality of trucks arriving on the first floor can be used at the same time. Then, it is carried by the coarse separation conveyor 110 and raised to the second floor.

On the second floor, first, the switching damper 111 divides the line into at least two lines, and then reaches the nonstandard removing device 112, and the nonstandard product is discharged 113. Thereafter, the centering device 114 and the image recognition device 11 are sequentially arranged for each line.
5, the branching line is provided in the middle of each line so that the centering device 114 of each line can be reached again via the posture correcting device 116 as appropriate. Reference numerals 117, 118, 119, 120 and 121 are direction changing means. In this way, each line turns 90 degrees and then turns 90 degrees again to enter the product classifier 122.

As described in the second embodiment, the type sorting machine 122 first sorts the television, then the air conditioner indoor unit, then the washing machine, and then the air conditioner outdoor unit. Sorted, and the refrigerator is sorted, and the rest is discharged as unclassifiable items 1
23.

As for the television, it reaches the casing separation device 129 through the television line 124 and discharges the cathode ray tube.
0, and the rest reaches the other housing line 131. Regarding the indoor unit of the air conditioner, it passes through the air conditioner indoor unit line 125 and the other housing line 13
To 1. The washing machine passes through the washing machine line 126, removes the metal block by the casing separating device 132, and then reaches the other casing line 131. For the air conditioner outdoor unit, air conditioner outdoor unit line 127
After passing through the CFC recovery device 133 on the way, the metal block is removed by the housing separating device 134, and then the other housing line 131 is reached. The refrigerator passes through the refrigerator line 128 and is first divided into two lines through the posture correction device 135, and then the fluorocarbon recovery devices 136 and 137 to the casing separation devices 138 and 139, respectively, and thereafter, the casing is dedicated to the refrigerator casing. Reach line 140.

Further, the respective fluorocarbon recovery devices 136, 137
From the housing separation devices 138, 139 to the housing separation devices 138, 13 via the turntables 141, 142.
Positioning is performed so that automatic and semi-automatic cutting in 9 can be performed smoothly. Then, the respective housing separation devices 132, 13
The metal ingots separated from 4,138,139 by cutting or the like are collected by the metal body line 143. ◆ This embodiment makes the processing equipment very compact due to the above layout. In other words, the dimensions of this plant are as follows: the size of the space for the truck on the first floor is 16,000 (mm), the dimension of b is 3,7,000 (mm), and the treatment space on the second floor is the dimension of c, 30,000 (mm). , The dimension d is 53,000 (m
m), so the site is d × dimension e (= a + c = 46,000)
0 (mm)). The liquid nitrogen tank 149 required for freezing and crushing the metal lump is provided outdoors for the convenience of liquid nitrogen replenishment, but the effective space of the surplus site is utilized. Further, the ends of the lines 131, 140, 143 reach the receiving hoppers 150, 151, 152, respectively, from which the respective objects are dropped and used for various treatments such as a crusher on the first floor (see the first to third embodiments). Sent.

(Fourth Embodiment) FIGS. 12 to 15 illustrate the automation of pretreatment equipment. ◆ Fig. 12 shows a device for automatically unloading mixed home electric appliances from trucks. That is, when the platform of the truck is laterally attached to the platform 144, the height of the platform 144 is adjusted and the platform 14 is adjusted.
It is almost the same height as 5, and the two rails 1 of the frame 147
The plate-like body 146 hung on 48 slides and pushes the mounted material to the platform 144. The platform 144 itself may be used as a conveyor, or the platform 144 can be tilted and slid onto the conveyor for replacement. May be.

FIG. 13 shows an apparatus for recognizing products by image processing and weight measurement, FIG. 14 shows an apparatus for separating the recognized waste home electric appliances for each product, and FIG. 15 shows a motor for the sorted waste electric home appliances. It is a device that separates the metal lumps of and supply them to the crushing process.

According to this embodiment, AI (Artificial)
By introducing the ial intelligence function, it is possible to perform automatic mechanization that can perform an optimum work or a work similar to that of a veteran worker according to the characteristics of waste home electric appliances. This is a change to a machine that can handle information, and can save manpower and realize highly efficient work.

(Fifth Embodiment) FIG. 16 shows an alternative of FIG. That is, the cut piece of the cathode ray tube B that has reached the cathode ray tube processing area from the area of FIG. 1 first reaches the T band removing device 153, where the reinforcing metal fittings are separated, and the reinforcing metal fittings are recovered as iron. After removing the reinforcing metal fittings, after the T-band removing device 153, the frit dissolution tank 15
4 and then enters the washer 155. Washing machine 15
5 is filled with HNO ₃ and H ₂ O, washed here, then enters the decomposer 156, and is divided into a funnel, a panel, and a shadow mask. The funnel is recovered through a washer 157 (provided with HF, HNO ₃ , and H ₂ O) and a dryer 160. The panel is also recovered through the washer 158 (provided with HF, HNO ₃ , and H ₂ O) and the dryer 159. The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment.

(Sixth Embodiment) Each of the subsequent embodiments is a variation of the flow of each of the above embodiments. ◆ In the embodiment of FIG. 17, a processing system including a pretreatment device, a crushing device, and a sorting device is used, and any of a fluorocarbon decomposition device, a large glass processing device, a foam material processing device, a depolymerization device, a plastic processing device, and a dust processing device. It is an example of a processing system equipped with one or more devices.

The waste home electric appliances 161 are first pretreated by the pretreatment device 162. For the cathode ray tube of the television, the large glass treatment device 163, for various boxes and metal lumps, the crushing device 164, and for the refrigerant CFC. It reaches the Freon decomposer 165.

The cullet is collected from the large glass processing device 163, and the cullet includes a panel cullet, a funnel cullet and a neck cullet. Freon decomposition device 1
From 65, NaCl and CaF ₂ are obtained. Crushing device 1
A sorting device 166 is provided after 64. In the sorting device 166, metals such as Fe, Cu, Al, etc. and plastics are sorted, and the plastics are further recovered as solid fuel or oil through a plastic processing device 169. It

On the other hand, in the sorting device 166, the foam material is also separated and reaches the foam material processing device 167, part of which is effectively used as an adsorbent for oil or the like, and the other part of which is disassembled from the depolymerization device 170 to make it plastic. It becomes a chemical product such as a material, and the rest, that is, the freon foam reaches the freon decomposer 165. In the Freon decomposer 165, NaCl and CaF ₂ are obtained as described above.

Large glass processing device 163, crushing device 16
4. The dust reaches the dust processing device 168 from each of the foam material processing devices 167, and the residue after the processing is landfilled. On the other hand, the solid fuel and oil obtained from the plastic processing device 169 are the dust processing device 168 and the depolymerization device 17
0 is also supplied to the Freon decomposer 165 as a heat source.
A part of the plastic discharged from the sorting device 166 may be directly supplied to the depolymerization device 170. The material selected from the plastic processing device 169 can also be used as a pile or a plate material. The selected plastics are made into plastic materials or other chemical substances again by the depolymerization device.

FIG. 18 specifically shows an example of FIG. That is, in the preprocessing device 162, first, the model identification device 171
After that, it enters the sorting means 172, where the washing machine is the metal block separating means 173 and the television is the large glass separating means 174.
However, the refrigerator and the air conditioner are divided into respective routes of the CFC removing means 175, and the others reach the crushing device 164 in the subsequent stage. The metal lump separating means 173 is also fed with a large glass separating means 174 and a chlorofluorocarbon extracting means 175. That is, the pretreatment device 16 of this example
Reference numeral 2 includes a model identification device 171, a sorting means 172, a metal block separating means 173, a large glass separating means 174, a fluorocarbon extracting means 175, and a conveying path connecting these.

Most of the large glass separating unit 174 reaches the large glass processing unit 163, but dust is put into the dust processing unit 168 together with the dust from the metal lump separating unit 173.

Metal lump separating means 173 is connected to the crushing device 164.
The metal lumps separated in step (3), the separated material from the sorting means 172, and the separated material from the large-sized glass separating means 174 are charged and crushed.

The sorting device 166 is composed of a light weight separating means 176, a metal sorting means 177, and a plastic sorting means 178 in this order from the upstream side. Fe, Cu, Al and the like are recovered from the metal selection means 177.

FIG. 19 shows another example of FIG. FIG.
8 is different from the crushing device 1 directly from the sorting means 172.
There is no route to 64. In this example,
The box body of the television is directly from the large glass separating means 174, to the one which contains a large metal lump such as a transformer in the box body to the metal lump separating means 173, and to the crushing device which does not include the large metal lump such as a transformer in the box body. It's flowing.

FIG. 20 shows another example of FIG. FIG.
9 is that the inside of the crushing device 164 is provided with a coarse crusher 179 and a peeling crusher 180 sequentially from the upstream side. From the metal lump separating means 173, there are those that enter the coarse crusher 179, those that enter the peeling crusher 180, and those that undergo dust treatment. Most of the material that has passed through the peeling and crushing machine 180 reaches the lightweight object separating device 176, but the dust reaches the dust processing device 168. The peeling crusher 180 may be replaced with an impact crusher.

FIG. 21 shows another example of FIG. Figure 2
The difference from 0 is that the crushing device 164 is a peeling crusher 180.
(It may be an impact type crusher.), And a cutting machine 181 is provided in the previous stage, that is, between the metal lump separating means 173. A part of the separated material from the large glass separating means may be made to flow into the cutting machine 181.

That is, in the above embodiment, the model identifying means 171 identifies the refrigerator, the television, the air conditioner, and the washing machine, and the sorting means 1 is based on the result.
At 72, each is sorted so as to flow to a route suitable for processing. Refrigerants and air conditioners that contain refrigerant CFCs remove CFCs with CFC extraction means 175, separate the compressor section with metal lump separation means 173, and cut the box body into multiple pieces with a cutting machine 181 and peel and crush. Machine 180
Crush while separating each material into pieces. Further, the compressor section is directly put into the peeling and crushing machine 180 to crush it while separating iron, copper, aluminum and the like.

In the television, the cathode ray tube is separated by the large glass separating means 174, and the box body is made to flow to the metal block separating means 173 or the cutting machine 181. CRT is a large glass processing device 16
By 3, remove the attached metal, further heat the face part and the funnel part with a heating wire, and then quickly cool them to separate,
Furthermore, the funnel portion and the neck portion are separated and collected as panel cullet, funnel cullet, and neck cullet.

A washing machine and the like other than those mentioned above are caused to flow directly to the metal lump separating means 173 by the sorting means, where the motor, which is a metal lump, is separated, and further cut into several pieces by the cutting machine 181 and the peeling crushing machine. At 180, the material is crushed while being divided according to the material.

The waste crushed by the peeling crusher 180 is separated into lightweight materials such as urethane foam by the lightweight material separating means 176, the metals are separated and collected by the metal selecting means 177, and then the plastics are separated. The sorting means 178 separates and removes plastics such as vinyl chloride that generate harmful gas when burned. Further, the plastic from which harmful gas such as vinyl chloride has been removed is processed into a solid fuel or oil by a plastic processing device.

On the other hand, the lightweight object separating means 1 of the selecting device 166.
The foam material separated by 76 is processed by the foam material processing device 167.
The foaming agent and the resin are separated, and the resin portion is used as an adsorbent, is processed into another chemical substance by the depolymerization device 170, or is processed into a plastic raw material again. Further, the refrigerant CFC and the CFC used as the foaming agent are decomposed in the CFC decomposition device and converted into NaCl, CaF _2, etc. to make them harmless.

Further, the shredder dust generated in the above processing system is melted and solidified by the dust processing device to make it harmless. Here, the peeling crusher 180 may be an impact crusher.

In the above processing system, the fluorocarbon decomposition device 165, the dust processing device 168, and the depolymerization device 170 are used.
Requires heat energy. As the heat energy source, solid fuel or oil produced in a plastic processing apparatus is used to minimize the heat energy supplied from the outside used in the present processing system.

FIG. 22 shows another example of FIG. Figure 2
The difference from 1 is the route from the large glass separating means 174 to each processing apparatus. That is, the box body of the television from which the cathode ray tube is removed by the large-sized glass separating means 174 has a large metal mass such as a transformer is the metal mass separating means 17.
3, a large box without metal lumps is flown to the cutting machine 181, and a small box is flown to the peeling and crushing machine 180.

(Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 23 shows an example in which an advanced AI facility area is adopted. ◆ Waste electrical appliances 161 are first measured area (also the model identification area. The same applies below) 182
to go into. Here, the weight measuring device 183 and the shape measuring device 1
84 is provided and each measurement data is sent to the processing analysis device 185. There is a sorting means 172 next to the measurement area 182, a large glass separating means 174 for a television, and a CFC removing means 175 for a refrigerator or an air conditioner.
Then, the washing machine and the like are separately transferred to the metal block separating means 189.

In this example, there are three metal lump separating means. In addition to the metal lump separating means 189, the large glass separating means 1 is provided.
The metal ingot separating means 187 enters from 74 and the metal ingot separating means 188 enters from CFC extracting means 175. From any of the metal lump separating means, the box body goes out to the coarse crusher or the cutting machine, and the other goes out to the peeling crusher or the impact crusher. Further, as described above, the cathode ray tube comes out from the large glass separating device 174 to the large glass processing device.

The processing analysis device 185 receives the device data 186 other than the data from the measuring device 182, and the sorting means 172 and the metal ingot separating means 187, 18 are provided.
A cable is connected to each of No. 8 and 189 so that each process is reflected.

The metal lump separating means 187, 188, 189 are small articles and do not operate when there is no metal lump, and only pass through them. The distinction in this case is controlled by the command signal from the processing analysis device 185 based on the data of the previous shape identification means 182. ◆ In this example, OA equipment may be included as input waste as well as waste home appliances.

FIG. 24 shows an alternative of FIG. 23 is different from the flow in FIG. 23 in that a route for directly entering the separation crusher or the impact crusher from the sorting means 172 is provided. This route has a refrigerator, an air conditioner,
Small items other than a washing machine and TV will be included.

FIG. 25 shows a further alternative of FIG. In this example, the sorting means 172, the large glass separating means 174, and the fluorocarbon extracting means 175 are provided behind the metal block separating means 191 and the aligning means 190 is provided. The aligning means 190 directly flows from the sorting means 172 or from the large glass separating means 174 and the fluorocarbon extracting means 175.
The inflowing waste is clarified by means of the metal lump separating means 19
The sorting means 190 also exchanges information with the processing analysis device 185. Therefore, the metal ingot separating means 191 can separate the metal ingot from the optimum position corresponding to each waste based on the data from the aligning means 190.

FIG. 26 shows an alternative of FIG. This example is characterized in that a sorting means 192 is also provided at the subsequent stage of the large glass separating means 174. Of course, the sorting means 192 exchanges information with the processing analysis device 185.

In the sorting means 172, a large glass separating means 174 for a television and a freon removing means 175 for a refrigerator and an air conditioner are made to flow to the arranging means 190, while a washing machine and other large objects are made to flow to the arranging means 190, and a small object is made to the arranging means 190. Lead to a peeling crusher or impact crusher without passing through. The cathode ray tube separated by the large-sized glass separating means 174 is guided to the large-sized glass processing device, but the others are sorted by the sorting means 19.
Enter 2. Here, the large box is separated and put into a coarse crusher or a cutter.

When there is a large metal lump such as a transformer from the sorting means 192, it is put into the metal lump separating means 191 through the aligning means 190, and the metal lump separated by the metal lump separating means 191 is separated by the sorting means 192. It is put into a peeling crusher or an impact crusher together with the small box.

FIG. 27 shows a further alternative of FIG. In this example, the posture control devices 193 to 195 are provided in the preceding stage of entering each route from the sorting means 172. This attitude control is
It is intended to facilitate the subsequent processing by each means, and is performed by information such as the position of the metal lump and the orientation of the cathode ray tube. Therefore, each attitude control device 193 to 195 exchanges information with the processing analysis device 185, and this attitude information is the attitude of the waste given by each attitude control device 193 to 195 and / or the processing analysis device. 18
It is transmitted to each of the following means through 5, and the work can be easily performed by each means. Further, by providing the attitude control devices 193 to 195, the structure of each means is simplified and the device cost of the entire system can be reduced.

FIG. 28 shows an alternative of FIG. 27 is different from the example of FIG. 27 in that the attitude control device 196 is sorted by the sorting means 172.
There is a point provided in the previous stage. According to this example, the sorting means 17
Since the direction of the waste home electric appliances thrown in 2 is controlled, the sorting process can be smoothly performed.

As another example of FIG. 27, it is also effective to provide an attitude control device in front of or in the metal ingot separating means 191, for example. Although FIG. 29 shows an alternative of FIG. 28, it is also effective to provide the attitude control device 196 in the preceding stage of the sorting means 172 as in this example.

FIG. 30 shows an alternative of FIG. 29. In this example, a carry-in device 197 is provided in front of the model identifying means 182. The carry-in device 197 measures the weight, grasps the carry-in amount, sends this data and the like to the processing analysis device 185, and controls the processing speed of the processing system based on this data. The carry-in device 197 forcibly unloads the waste home electric appliances (or wastes) on the truck by the carry-out device. Further, the size of the truck is sent to the processing / analysis device 185 by manual input by a driver or image recognition, and the truck is lifted based on this data to facilitate unloading.

Next, the elements used in the above embodiments will be described. 31 and 32 are examples of the metal lump separating means, FIG. 31 shows an example of vertical cutting, and FIG. 32 shows an example of inclined cutting.

Taking a washing machine or a refrigerator as an example, in the case of vertical cut, the positioning stopper 19 is first based on the shape data.
Set position 9. The waste (washing machine or refrigerator 204) is moved until it hits the positioning stopper 199.
In this case, the waste is moved onto the input conveyor 203, but if necessary, a roller 205 is provided on the base 202,
This roller 205 may also be driven. The operation of moving the waste 204 until it hits the positioning stopper 199 is determined by the sending time, detection of the force acting on the limit switch or stopper on the stopper, or detection of the relative speed of the roller 205 and the waste. Then, it is cut by a cutter 198. Generally, the position of the metal ingot 200 is determined for each product, for example, the refrigerator has a compressor below, and therefore, when the metal ingot 200 passes through the vertical direction of the cutter 198, the box of the refrigerator is cut. Next, the stopper 199 is removed, and the discharge conveyor 201
What is sent by is divided into a metal block and a box.

Also in the case of the slant cut, the position of the positioning stopper 206 is first set based on the shape data. The waste (washing machine or refrigerator 210) is moved until it hits the positioning stopper 206. In this case, the input conveyor 211
Move the waste up, but if necessary, base 207
It is also possible to provide a roller on top and drive this roller as well. The operation of moving the waste 210 until it hits the positioning stopper 206 is determined by the sending time, the limit switch on the stopper, and the force acting on the stopper. Next, the waste jig 210 together with the stopper 206 is placed at an oblique position with respect to the conveyor line by the tilting jig 208, and then cut by the cutter 212. Since FIG. 32 is a plan view, the cutter 212 is originally provided in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface and is difficult to display in the figure, so the position is merely an illustration for convenience of description. Next, the tilt jig 208
The waste 210 becomes a metal block 213 by tilting at
The bare edge is located below the cutter 212, and the metal block 213 is cut by the cutter 198. A part of the metal block 213 is cut by the cutter 212 together with the box body. Next, the stopper 206 is removed, and the slanting jig 208 returns the slanted waste 210 to a position parallel to the conveyor. Next, the tilting jig 208 is retracted, and what is sent by the discharge conveyor 209 is divided into a metal block 213 and a box. Here, the tilting jig 208 may be a rotary table type.

When a cutter-type metal separating means is used and the box body is further divided into several pieces, it can be used as a substitute for a coarse crusher or a cutting machine in the crushing apparatus, so that it can be removed. Become. An example of this system is shown in FIG.
Shown in 18 is different from the example of FIG. 18 in that the metal lump separating means is the cutter type metal lump separating means 173 ', and therefore the crushing device is the peeling crushing machine 1 because the coarse crushing machine and the cutting machine are not required
The point is 80.

FIG. 34 shows an example of the weight measuring means 183.
In this example, the load cells 215 are attached to the legs of the conveyor 214 to measure the weight of the objects placed on the conveyor. ◆
FIG. 35 shows an example of the shape measuring device 184. This device captures a waste home electric appliance 217, which is an object to be measured, on a conveyor 216 as an image by a video camera 218, and the processing analysis device 185 reads any one or more of information such as size, orientation, and nameplate. It is a thing. In this example,
The model identifying means 171 is constituted by a weight measuring means 183 and a shape measuring device 184, and this data and the device data 18
6, the model identification is performed, but this combination is not always essential, and when the image data of the shape measuring device 184 is clear as necessary, the model identification may be performed from this image data and the device data 186. It is possible.

Examples of the sorting means 172 are shown in FIGS.
However, other sorting means are also applicable to this. This example can be utilized, for example, in the product type classification area 63 of FIG. ◆ Waste transported by the entrance-side conveyor 219 (for example, discarded home appliances.
same as below. ) Is placed on the sorting table A220. At this time, when this waste home electric appliance corresponds to the type A (for example, TV), the sorting stand A is sent by the signal from the processing analysis device 185.
The stopper A221 of 220 is set up in advance on the sorting table A220 so as to prevent the progress of waste,
The waste is retained on 220, then the sorting table A 220 is lifted up and then rotated, and the sorting table A 220 is directed toward the exit side conveyor A 222. Further sorting table A22
The drive roller 223 provided at 0 is rotated to put the waste home electric appliances on the sorting table A220 on the exit side conveyor A222.

On the other hand, when the waste is not A, the stopper A221 of the sorting table A220 is kept tilted,
Waste from the inlet side conveyor 219 is transferred to the intermediate conveyor 22.
Carry it to 4 directly. At this time, sorting table A2
When the drive roller 223 provided on the unit 20 is also rotated in the direction in which the waste is sent from the inlet side conveyor 219 to the intermediate conveyor 224 side, the waste can be more smoothly conveyed to the intermediate conveyor 224. After that, this operation is repeated for the types to be classified. That is, the product B (for example, the indoor unit of the air conditioner) is classified next from the waste excluding the product A (TV). The product B is first placed on the sorting table B225, temporarily fixed by the stopper B226, the sorting table B is rotated, and the product B is transferred to the outlet side conveyor B227. In this way, after passing through some sections, the remainder reaches the outlet side conveyor C229 through the intermediate conveyor 228. In this example, a plurality of sorting tables are used, the intermediate conveyor 228 is not essential, and the outlet side conveyor 229 may be used instead.

The basic operation of the example of FIG. 37 is the same as that of FIG. 36, and sorting can be performed by changing the rotation direction of the sorting table 230 according to a signal from the processing analysis device. In this embodiment, since the stopper 231 is a movable type that can be stood up and down, when the waste corresponds to B, it is not necessary to operate the sorting table 230. Further, in the case of a fixed type in which the stopper 231 is kept standing, the sorting can be performed by rotating the sorting table 230. That is, in this example, the sorting table 230 from the entrance side conveyor 232.
After entering, depending on the product type, it is distributed to the exit side conveyors 233, 234, 235.
◆ FIG. 38 is a side sectional view of the sorting table area used in FIGS. 36 and 37.

Next, the carrying-in device 197 will be described with reference to FIG. When the truck 236 enters this equipment, the ejector 237 of the mechanism that suspends the plate (see FIG. 12)
Thus, the waste on the loading platform is slid and moved and dropped into the recess 238. A conveyor 239 is provided in the recess 238 and is carried out. A load cell 240 is provided on the platform on which the truck 236 rides. Incidentally, 244 is a board for mounting the truck. In this example, the power of the discharging device 237 is reduced to facilitate discharging.

FIG. 40 shows an alternative. Truck 236
The base 241 mounted with is the hydraulic jacks 242, 24.
It is supported by No. 3 and tilts the whole stand together with the truck by hydraulic control so that the waste is dropped into the recess 238 together with the discharging device. In this example, it is also possible to discharge laterally instead of after the car.

FIG. 41 illustrates the alignment means 190. This is the reverse of the sorting means. That is, each stopper 24 on each entrance side conveyor 245-1 to 245-3
Limit switches 247 provided in 6-1 to 246-3
-1 to 247-3 at each entrance side conveyor 245-1 to 24
The presence or absence of waste flowing from 5-3 is detected.

If there is waste, the corresponding stopper 24
Any one of 6-1 to 246-3 is raised, and the waste is placed on the rotary table 248 from the inlet side of the rotary table 248. At this time, the waste is conveyed until it hits the stopper 249 provided on the rotary table 248, and then the corresponding stoppers of the stoppers 246-1 to 246-3 are lowered and closed.

When the waste is put on the rotary table 248, the rotary table 248 is rotated to move the exit side conveyor 250.
The inlet side of the rotary table 248 is oriented in the direction, and the waste is conveyed from the rotary table 248 to the outlet side conveyor 250. To facilitate the operation on the rotary table 248,
Rollers 251 are provided on the rotary table. During this operation, the types of waste carried out from the exit side conveyor 250 are determined by the stoppers 246-1 to 24-24 on the entrance side conveyor.
6-3 Signals or rotary table 2 when waste is loaded
The processing analysis device 185 makes a determination based on information such as the orientation of 48.

The rollers 251 on the rotary table 248 may be driven when the rotary table 248 is carried in or out. Further, when waste is continuously flowing through any of the stoppers 246-1 to 246-3 on the entrance side conveyors 245-1 to 245-3, or the other entrance side conveyors 245-1 to 245-3. When carrying out from any of the above, the stoppers 246-1 to 246-3 also function as stoppers for waiting the waste on the entrance side conveyors 245-1 to 245-3.

42 and 43, attitude control devices 193-
An example of 196 is shown. The attitude control device controls the vertical and horizontal directions of the waste and the direction with respect to the traveling direction. In particular, the position of the metal lump is clarified, the direction of the waste is determined according to the position, and the operation of each means and device thereafter is simplified.

Therefore, in the case of a household appliance such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, or a washing machine, which has a simple structure, the current direction can be known from the image data of the shape measuring device and the device data. The purpose is achieved by turning the table or the like in the direction required by each of the following means and devices.

However, when the shape measuring device measures only the size or when there is no size, the direction of the waste may not be determined due to lack of data. An embodiment of the attitude control device used in such a case is shown in FIG.
This is shown in FIG. 43. 42 is a plan view, and FIG. 43 is a side view of a partial cross section thereof. Although this attitude control device is indicated by reference numeral 196 in its entirety, the functions of reference numerals 193 to 195 may be the same.

The attitude control device 196 is provided on the rotation base 252 in four pieces (the number is not particularly limited to four pieces. However, four pieces are the most effective in terms of arrangement and performance. The weight distribution of the waste 255 is measured by the weight measuring means (the upper plate 254 is mounted on each base 252 via the load cell 253).
From this result, the position of the metal ingot is determined by an analyzer.

At the time of this weight measurement, in order to make it easy to measure the weights at the four corners of various sizes, each upper plate 254 of the weight measuring means is provided with an inclination (straight line or curved line). Therefore, the waste 255 that has flowed in at the entrance side conveyor 256
Is set so that the geometrical point center of the waste 255 is almost aligned with the center of the rotary base 253 by the centering jig 257, and the weights at the four corners are measured.

A centering jig 258 is also provided on the entrance side conveyor 256 so that the rotary base 253 of the waste 1 can be provided.
It is designed so that the intrusion to the top and the alignment can be performed more smoothly. Then, when the posture control is completed, the exit side conveyor 259 carries the product toward the subsequent process.

(Eighth Embodiment) An example of a pretreatment system is shown in FIG.
4 shows. ◆ When the truck 260 comes in, first the unloading 261 is performed, then the image recognition 262 is performed, the size, shape, maker and other information are recognized and the information is sent to the processing analysis device, that is, the AI controller 263. Then, data acquisition 264 is performed. Next, attitude control 265
After that, the weight measurement 266 is performed.
The data is sent to the controller 263 and the data is captured 264.

Thereafter, the model selection device 267 is applied, and this device corresponds to the sorting device 172 and the product classification area 63. Here, it is divided into a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a washing machine, a television, and the like. Refrigerant removal 268 is performed for the refrigerator and the air conditioner (in particular, the outdoor unit). The model selection device 267 and the attitude control 265 are operated by a control command 269 from the AI controller 263.

The washing machine after the model selection, the refrigerator after removing the refrigerant, and the air conditioner are subjected to metal lump separation 270, the metal lump is crushed 271 and the box is normally crushed 272. The metal block separation 270 is a control command 26 from the AI controller 263.
Positioning is performed at 9.

CRT separation 273 is performed on the TV after the model selection, CRT processing is performed on the CRT, and crushing 272 is applied to the others. After the crushing 272 or the crushing of the metal lump 271 is carried out to the selection 274.

The AI controller 263 performs the arithmetic processing 275.
The post-calculation processing control command 269 is issued by performing the post-calculation processing 275 after the data acquisition 264. The arithmetic processing 275 also incorporates drawing data, and determines the model, manufacturer determination, center of gravity position, and cutting position. Incidentally, the processing data is also output, and it is possible to manage the received amount, the volume of processed products (metal, plastic, oil, etc.).

[0126]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a so-called integrated treatment facility for so-called waste that collects useful substances suitable for reuse and matches the global environment. ◆ In addition, it will be possible to consistently perform detoxification processing of shredder dust generated during processing, and to provide a waste processing system that better matches the global environment.

[0127] Furthermore, the plasticization, recycling, etc. of plastics that were conventionally performed at different locations are integrated into a consistent system, and the energy required by the processing equipment is covered by internal circulation within the processing system as much as possible and supplied from outside. It is possible to provide a labor-saving system in which the conventional manual work portion is automated as much as possible while reducing the energy consumption to reduce the influence of the processing equipment on the external environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an example of an advanced AI facility area in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram showing an example of a useful material selection area in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing an example of a dust melting area in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram showing an example of a cathode ray tube processing area in an example of a waste processing flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an apparatus for obtaining a chemical product from a heat insulating material in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for obtaining oil from plastic in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a layout diagram showing an example of an unloading or product type recognition area in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a layout diagram showing an example of product classification and CFC collection standby area in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a layout diagram showing an example of the latter half of the pretreatment area starting from the removal of freon in the example of the waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a layout diagram showing an example of a useful material selection area in the example of the waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a layout diagram of a building including pretreatment equipment in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of an unloading device in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an apparatus for recognizing a product by image processing and weight measurement in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an apparatus for classifying waste home electric appliances according to products in an example of a waste treatment flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 15: Separating metal masses such as motors of separated household appliances in the example of the waste treatment flow according to the present invention,
It is a perspective view of the apparatus which supplies to a crushing process.

FIG. 16 is a layout diagram showing an example of a cathode ray tube processing area in an example of a waste processing flow according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a flow chart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a flow chart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a flow chart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a flowchart of the pretreatment of waste treatment according to the example of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a flowchart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a flowchart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to the example of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is a flowchart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to the example of the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a flowchart of pretreatment for waste treatment according to the example of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a side view of the metal ingot separating means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 32 is a top view of the metal ingot separating means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 33 is a flow chart of waste treatment according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is a side view of the weight measuring means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 is a side view of the shape measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 36 is a layout view of the sorting means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is a layout view of the sorting means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the sorting means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram of a carry-in device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of a carry-in device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is a plan view of the alignment means according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a plan view of the attitude control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the attitude control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a flowchart of the entire pretreatment according to the example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

R, 204 ... Refrigerator, W ... Washing machine, AC ... Air conditioner, TV ... TV, C ... Compressor, M ... Motor, B ... CRT, 1 ... Unloading device, 2 ... Identification device,
3-1, 3-2, 74 ... Freon recovery unit, 4-1,
4-2, 4-3 ... Metal lump separating means, 5, 7, 77, 8
1,181 ... Cutting machine, 6 ... Disassembly device, 8, 11, 18,
36, 39, 87, 88, 93 ... Crusher, 9 ... Neck,
10 ... Cooling device, 13, 14, 30 ... Dust, 15 ... Insulation material wind power sorter, 20, 34, 90 ... Magnetic force sorter, 2
1, 101 ... Eddy current sorting machine, 22 ... Sorting tank, 23, 9
1, 102 ... Wind power sorter, 24 ... Screw conveyor,
25 ... Dust melting furnace, 35 ... Separator, 37, 40 ... Cleaning tank, 38, 41, 159, 160 ... Dryer, 42, 44
... Melting tank, 43 ... Cooling tank, 45 ... Decomposition tank, 46 ... Reaction tank, 47 ... Cooler, 48 ... Receiver, 49 ... Heating furnace, 50 ... Unloading area, 110 ... Coarse separation conveyor, 53
... Transported goods division / posture control area, 54-1, 54-2 ...
Conveyance object attitude / attitude control device, 55-1, 55-2 ... Non-standard product discharge line, 57 ... Product identification recognition area, 59-
1, 59-2 ... Image reading device, 61, 75-1, 75-
2, 116, 135 ... Attitude correction device, 63 ... Product classification area, 64 ... TV sorting machine, 65 ... Air conditioner indoor unit sorting machine, 66 ... Washing machine sorting machine, 67 ... Air conditioner outdoor unit sorting machine, 68 ... Refrigerator Sorting machine,
69 ... Discharging section of product that cannot be classified, 70 ... Freon collection standby area, 71 ... Posture correction device, 73 ... Freon collection area,
76-1, 76-2, 79, 80 ... Casing cutting device, 78
... Pre-cooling conveyor, 82 ... Separation device, 83 ... Neck / funnel cutting means, 86 ... Liquid nitrogen dipping device, 94 ... Freon recovery line, 105 ... Specific gravity sorting tank, 115 ... Image recognition device, 122 ... Variety sorter, 124 ... TV line, 1
25 ... Air conditioner indoor unit line, 126 ...
Washing machine line, 127 ... Air conditioner outdoor unit line, 128 ... Refrigerator line, 129, 132, 13
4, 138, 139 ... Casing separation device, 131 ... Casing line, 133, 136, 137 ... Fluorocarbon recovery device, 140
... Refrigerator housing line, 143 ... Metal body line, 149,
861 ... Liquid nitrogen tank, 161, 217 ... Waste home appliances,
162 ... Pretreatment device, 163 ... Large glass treatment device, 1
64 ... Crushing device, 165 ... Freon decomposition device, 169 ... Plastic processing device, 167 ... Foam material processing device, 170
... Depolymerization device, 171 ... Model identification device, 172, 192
... Sorting means, 174 ... Large glass separating means, 175 ...
CFC extracting means, 176 ... Light weight separating means, 177
... Metal sorting means, 178 ... Plastic sorting means, 17
9 ... Coarse crusher, 180 ... Peeling crusher, 182 ... Measuring area, 183 ... Weight measuring area, 184 ... Shape measuring area, 185 ... Processing analysis device, 173, 187, 188,
189, 191 ... Metal lump separating means, 190 ... Aligning means,
193, 194, 195, 196 ... Attitude control device.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication location // B29K 105: 04 105: 26 (72) Inventor Chihiro Fukumoto 4-6, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Address Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsutomu Hasegawa 4-6, Surugadai Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi, Ltd.

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A treatment device for waste, comprising a foam material treatment device provided at a stage subsequent to the sorting device, and a depolymerization device provided at a stage after the foam material treatment device. 2. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A treatment device for waste, comprising a foaming material treatment device provided in the latter stage of the sorting device, and a depolymerization device and a dust treatment device provided in the latter stage of the foaming material treatment device. 3. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A foaming material processing device and a plastics processing device are provided in the latter part of the sorting device, and a depolymerization device and a dust processing device are provided in the latter part of the foaming material processing device, and the solid fuel and / or oil obtained from the plastics processing device is supplied. A waste treatment device comprising a line for supplying the depolymerization device and / or the dust treatment device. 4. A waste treatment apparatus comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A CFC decomposer is also provided in the latter stage of the pretreatment device, a foam material treatment device is provided in the latter stage of the sorting device, and the CFC decomposer is located also in the latter stage of the foam material treatment device. Is provided with a line into which the refrigerant CFC from the pretreatment device and the foam CFC from the foam material treatment device flow, and a depolymerization device is further provided at a stage subsequent to the foam material treatment device. Processing equipment. 5. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A waste treatment device, characterized in that a large glass treatment device is provided in the latter stage of the pretreatment device in addition to the crushing device. 6. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A large glass processing device is provided in the latter stage of the pretreatment device separately from the crushing device, and a foam material processing device is further provided in the latter stage of the sorting device, and the foam material processing device, the crushing device and the large glass processing device are provided. A waste treatment device comprising a dust treatment device in common in the latter stage. 7. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device. A fluorocarbon decomposition device and a large glass processing device are installed in the latter part of the pretreatment device, a plastic processing device and a foam material processing device are installed in the latter part of the sorting device, and the flon is also installed in the latter part of the foaming material processing device. Place the disassembly device in place,
The freon decomposition device is provided with a line in which the refrigerant freon from the pretreatment device and the freon freon from the foam material treatment device flow in, and a depolymerization device is additionally provided in the latter stage of the foam material treatment device, In addition to the depolymerization device, a dust treatment device is installed downstream of the foaming material treatment device, and solid fuel and / or oil obtained from the plastic treatment device is added to the depolymerization device and / or dust treatment device and / or freon. In addition to a line for supplying the decomposing device, a line for guiding the dust generated from each of the foaming material processing device, the crushing device, and the large-sized glass processing device to the dust processing device is provided at the subsequent stage. Waste treatment equipment. 8. The waste is a household electric appliance, and the pretreatment device comprises a model identifying means, a sorting means located after the model identifying means, and a large glass separator located after the sorting means. Means and / or CFC extraction means and / or
Alternatively, the waste treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a metal lump separating means. 9. The waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device includes a coarse crushing device and a peeling crushing device in a subsequent stage. 10. The waste product according to claim 1, wherein the crushing device has a peeling crushing device or an impact crushing device, and a cutting machine is arranged in front of the crushing device. Processing equipment. 11. The pretreatment device comprises a sorting means and a metal lump separating means subsequent to the sorting means, and a fluorocarbon extracting means and a large glass separating means are provided side by side after the sorting means. After the large glass separating means,
The waste treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a metal lump separating means different from the metal lump separating means immediately after the sorting means is arranged also in the subsequent stage of the chlorofluorocarbon extracting means. apparatus. 12. The pretreatment device comprises a sorting means and an aligning means immediately after the sorting means or at a stage subsequent to the fluorocarbon withdrawing means and / or the large glass separating means. The waste treatment device according to. 13. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment apparatus includes a sorting unit and a posture control unit at a front stage and / or a rear stage of the sorting unit. . 14. The pretreatment device comprises a weight measuring device and a shape measuring device for introduced waste as model identifying means, and a processing analysis device for inputting the measurement data of these devices is attached to the preprocessing device, and the processing route and / or the subsequent stage are provided. 14. The waste treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a cable to each device for selecting the operation of the treatment device. 15. The pretreatment device comprises a shape measuring device of introduced waste as a model identification means, and a processing analysis device which inputs the measurement data as image data and fetches design data of the introduced waste. The waste treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further provided with a cable to each device so as to select an operation of a subsequent treatment route and / or an operation of the treatment device. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a washing machine, and a TV are mixed and put into the pretreatment device to treat 2 tons to 5 tons per hour. Waste treatment equipment. 17. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device,
The pretreatment device comprises a model identification means, a sorting means after the model identification means, and a large glass separating means and / or a CFC extracting means and / or a metal lump separating means after the sorting means. Characteristic waste treatment equipment. 18. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device,
The pretreatment device includes a sorting means and a metal lump separating means after the sorting means, and a fluorocarbon extracting means and a large glass separating means are provided side by side after the sorting means, and the large glass separating means is further provided. The waste treatment device characterized in that a metal lump separating means different from the metal lump separating means immediately after the sorting means is arranged in each of the latter stage and the latter stage of the fluorocarbon extracting means. 19. A waste treatment device comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device,
The pretreatment device comprises a sorting means and an aligning means immediately after the sorting means or after the fluorocarbon extracting means and / or the large glass separating means. 20. A waste treatment apparatus comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device,
The said pretreatment apparatus is provided with the sorting means and the attitude | position control means of the front | former stage and / or rear stage of this sorting means, The waste treatment apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 21. A waste treatment apparatus comprising a waste pretreatment device, a crushing device provided after the pretreatment device, and a sorting device provided after the crushing device,
The pretreatment device is provided with a weight measuring device for introduced waste as a model identification means and a shape measuring device, and a processing analysis device for inputting these measurement data is attached to the pretreatment device so that the processing route of the latter stage and / or the processing device is processed. 21. Waste treatment device according to any of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that it comprises a cable to each device for making a choice of operation.