JPH08260480A - Form for concrete placing, and construction of concrete structure therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simply construct foundations or wall surfaces for a building without the need for employing at a construction site skilled hands in different types of occupations such as reinforcing-bar placers or form carpenters. CONSTITUTION: Paired forms including an internal form 20a and an external form 20b are made of a synthetic resin, and spacer attaching pieces 33 are provided as integral parts respectively at the internal form and the external form. Then, spacers 28 are attached to reinforcing bars that are connected beforehand vertically and horizontally, and the spacers 28 are arranged, together with the reinforcing bars, between the forms.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete formwork and a method for constructing a concrete structure using the concrete formwork.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, as a foundation of a general wooden building, as shown in FIG. 5, a waste concrete 2 is placed on a rubble stone 1 rammed with a rammer, and a footing 3 is used. It is known that concrete is poured, a cloth foundation 4 is erected on the footing 3, and a base 6 is fixed by anchor bolts 5 inserted into the cloth foundation 4.

When constructing such a foundation, the ground may freeze by 80 to 100 cm or more in winter depending on the area. However, when the ground freezes in this way, the foundation is lifted disproportionately, which can cause the building to go crazy and be damaged. Therefore, when constructing the foundation of the house, the upper surface level of the discarded concrete 2 must be arranged at a position lower than the frost pillar. Therefore, in cold regions and the like, the height of the foundation is higher than in warm regions. Further, in cold regions and the like, there is one in which a heat insulating material is attached to a foundation formwork to improve the heat insulating property of the foundation portion.

On the other hand, in recent years, effective use of wood has been attempted. Therefore, today, the mold itself is made of a panel-shaped synthetic resin, and thus the mold itself is preliminarily provided with heat insulation performance, and it is actively used.

Here, for example, in the case of constructing a heat insulating foundation with footing, first, as shown in FIG. 6, a pair of inner mold frame 7 and outer mold frame 8 made of a panel-like foamed synthetic resin or the like is provided. It is placed opposite to the upper part of the discarded concrete 2, and a concrete placing space is formed by these formwork 7, 8.
Further, a separator 9 is appropriately inserted into the casting space so that the pair of molds 7 and 8 facing each other are prevented from expanding outward by the separator 9 and are prevented from falling inward. .

In the casting space, predetermined reinforcing bars 10 are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the periphery is positioned by the vertical and horizontal flaps, after which concrete is poured.

[0007]

By the way, in the case of constructing the foundation of a house, for example, as described above, such a series of foundation works are classified into those by hawks and those by formwork carpenters and reinforcing bars. However, in each case, the hands of skilled workers are required.

That is, civil engineering work such as root cutting and ramming with a rammer is carried out by the eagle's work, and formwork and rebar work are performed by the hands of different skilled workers such as formwork carpenters and reinforcing bars. There is. Moreover, these require special techniques, and, for example, it is usually impossible for the rebar builder to perform the work of the form carpenter, or conversely, the form carpenter to perform the work of the rebar carpenter.

Moreover, in today's construction industry, formwork carpenters,
The current situation is that the number of workers who are particularly skilled, such as steel bars, is decreasing year by year. Therefore, depending on the site, there is often a shortage of the hands of these workers, and professional workers are often not present at the site when needed. Therefore,
There was a problem that the construction period was delayed because the substitute worker could not perform the work.

Further, in the conventional method of constructing a concrete structure using a concrete formwork, when a predetermined reinforcing bar 10 is arranged in the concrete placing space, it is necessary to arrange a large number of reinforcing bars 10 in the longitudinal and lateral directions. Therefore, due to the presence of the plurality of separators 9, the workability of the bar arrangement was significantly reduced. In particular, the work was extremely difficult when the height of the cloth foundation portion was high in cold regions.

In view of the above situation, the present invention can be easily constructed when forming a foundation or a wall surface of a building even if skilled workers of different industries such as a reinforcing bar or a form carpenter are not on the spot. It is an object of the present invention to provide a concrete formwork that enables the construction and a method of constructing a concrete structure using the concrete formwork.

[0012]

A concrete formwork according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a pair of inner formwork arranged at a predetermined distance to construct a foundation or wall surface of a building. The outer mold is made of synthetic resin, and the pair of inner mold and outer mold are integrally provided with spacer attachment pieces.

Further, a method of constructing a concrete structure using a concrete formwork for achieving the above object is a pair of inner molds arranged at a predetermined distance to construct a foundation or wall surface of a building. The frame and the outer mold are made of synthetic resin, and the concrete formwork, in which the pair of inner and outer molds are integrally provided with spacer attachment pieces, is raised while facing each other. Each spacer attachment piece of the pair of the inner mold and the outer mold is placed across the spacer to which a reinforcing bar material is attached in advance, and then concrete is placed between the pair of inner mold and the outer mold. The feature is that it is set.

[0014]

According to the concrete formwork of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the concrete formwork can be easily constructed by attaching the spacers when the pair of the inner formwork and the outer formwork made of the synthetic resin are raised. You can Such spacers can be attached either in the factory or as a preliminary setup on site.

Therefore, in any case, it is possible to substantially eliminate the work of arranging the reinforcing bar material on site. Further, according to the method for constructing a concrete structure described above, since it is possible to install the reinforcing bar material together with the spacer between the pair of molds, even when there is no formworker or reinforcing bar on site, it is easy to do so. It is possible to build foundations for buildings or concrete structures such as walls.

[0016]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a concrete formwork 11 of a building used in an embodiment of the present invention, and particularly shows a concrete formwork used as a foundation of a building.

In this embodiment, a concrete formwork 11 forming the foundation of a building is provided with a pair of inner formwork 20a and outer formwork 20b facing each other, a reinforcing bar material 21,
It comprises a spacer 28 and a separator 40.

The inner mold frame 20a and the outer mold frame 20b have the same shape, and by placing the inner mold frame 20a and the outer mold frame 20b so as to face each other, concrete is poured between them. A gap for installation is formed.

Further, the inner mold 20a and the outer mold 2
On the inner surface of 0b, a hook-shaped engaging piece 33 is projectedly provided as a spacer attaching piece. Although this locking piece 33 is open upward, it may penetrate vertically. Alternatively, it may be opened laterally.

Inner formwork 2 having such locking pieces 33
0a and the outer frame 20b are formed into a desired shape, for example, by foaming a foamable resin such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, epoxy resin and phenol resin, for example, about 5 to 80 times. Form. By foam-molding the resin at such a ratio, excellent closed cells are formed in the resin foam, and excellent heat insulating performance is exhibited.

The height of the resin foam molding forming this concrete formwork is usually 500 to 2000 mm, the thickness is usually in the range of 15 to 100 mm, and it has a uniform thickness as a whole. . Inner mold 2 having such a thickness
0a and the outer mold 20b have excellent heat insulation performance and have high self-holding property, so that these molds are less likely to be bulged outward and deformed even when the internal pressure is increased by placing concrete. .

On the other hand, the reinforcing bar material 21 includes a vertical bar 22 and a horizontal bar 23.
The vertical stripes 22 and the horizontal stripes 23 are integrally connected in advance by welding or a binding wire before being assembled between the pair of molds. And these rebar materials 2
1 is incorporated between a pair of inner mold frame 20a and outer mold frame 20b that face each other via a spacer 28, as will be described later.
In addition, if the length in the width direction of such a reinforcing bar material 21 is made longer than the length in the width direction of the concrete inner formwork 20a and the outer formwork 20b, for example, the concrete formwork is Reinforcing bars overlap each other when they are arranged in the width direction, which facilitates connection. Also, by extending the length of the reinforcing bars in the vertical direction, it is possible to wrap adjacent reinforcing bars in the vertical direction when the concrete formwork is lined up in the vertical direction. become.

As described above, the length of the reinforcing bar material may be appropriately determined according to the usage mode of the concrete form 11. The spacers 28 are a pair of inner molds 20a arranged to face each other.
The distance between the outer mold 20b and the outer mold 20b can be fixed. Further, it has an effect of preventing the molds 20a and 20b from falling inward. Such a spacer 28 may be formed of either steel plate or synthetic resin as long as it has appropriate strength. This spacer 28
As shown in FIG. 2, the flat plate member 24 is provided with positioning pieces 25, 25 at both ends thereof, and a shaft portion 26 having a slit 27 is formed at the center thereof.

The separator 40 is inserted through the pair of inner mold frame 20a and outer mold frame 20b. Then, the separator 40 generally defines a constant separation distance between the pair of inner molds 20a and the outer molds 20b, and when concrete is poured into the concrete pouring space,
It has a function of preventing the molds 20a and 20b from bulging outward. Note that the separator 40 may have any configuration as long as it has the above-described action. Further, in this embodiment, the locking piece 33 is provided with a spacer 28.
Since the action of the separator is exerted by inserting, the attachment of the separator 40 can be omitted.

Hereinafter, a method of using the concrete form 11 composed of the above-mentioned components and a method of constructing a concrete structure using the concrete form 11 will be described.

First, spacers 28 are attached to the reinforcing bar material 21 at approximately predetermined intervals. In order to attach the spacer 28 to the reinforcing bar 21, the slit 27 of the spacer 28 may be pressed against the horizontal bar 23 and the spacer 28 may be lightly pressed. Then, the shaft portion 26 of the spacer 28 is attached to the reinforcing bar material 21.

After the spacer 28 is attached to the reinforcing bar material 21, the reinforcing bar material 21 is arranged between the inner frame 20a for footing and the outer frame 20b, and the mounting pieces 25, 25 provided at both ends of the spacer 28 are hooked. Shaped locking pieces 33, 3
It should be inserted in 3. As a result, the reinforcing bar material 21 provided with the spacers 28 becomes
Installed in between.

Next, the separator 40 is mounted so as to penetrate the pair of inner mold 20a and outer mold 20b. The holes for mounting the separator 40 on the molds 20a and 20b may be formed in advance or may be formed on site. Further, as described above, if the spacer 28 has sufficient strength, the attachment of the separator 40 can be omitted.

In this way, for example, a pair of inner molds 20
a and the outer formwork 20b between the reinforcing bar material 21 and the spacer 2
By assembling the 8 and the separator 40, it is possible to configure one concrete formwork 11 which is a basic configuration for forming a concrete structure.

In this way, the pre-assembled concrete formwork 11 is arranged side by side in the width direction, for example, on waste concrete. Then, in the case where the reinforcing bar material is projected in the width direction, these wrapped portions may be connected by a binding wire, or the reinforcing bars may be passed between adjacent connecting portions and connected via this reinforcing bar.

In this way, after arranging a plurality of concrete formwork 11, after that, by installing vertical and horizontal flaps around the arrayed concrete formwork, if necessary, the formwork is immovably fixed. All preparations for pouring concrete are completed.

Here, in the conventional case, for example, a form carpenter raises a pair of an inner form frame 20a and an outer form frame 20b on abandoned concrete, and a reinforcing bar worker inserts vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars between the form frames. Arranged, and the formworker has separator 40
A concrete formwork for pouring concrete was formed by inserting between the formwork.

According to the present embodiment, a series of operations by a number of companies, such as raising and raising a pair of molds on site, arranging reinforcing bars and inserting separators in a narrow space, are substantially omitted. be able to.

That is, according to the present embodiment, the spacer can be easily attached by attaching the spacer to the spacer attaching piece provided on the inner surface of the mold as a preparatory step for the factory or the site. Further, by supporting the reinforcing bars connected in advance in the vertical and horizontal directions on this spacer, it is possible to eliminate the need for the reinforcing bar maker to arrange the reinforcing bars in the narrow space and to connect them. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily construct the concrete formwork even if no expert is present at the site. Therefore, according to this embodiment,
The work efficiency is further improved, and the cost is reduced.

Even when the heat insulating foundation is constructed in a cold region where the depth of freezing is deep, the tall formwork 20a and the formwork 20b are prepared, and the spacers are preliminarily attached with the reinforcing bars. You can easily build a tall foundation insulation by attaching the. Further, since the use of wood is reduced, it is possible to contribute to the reduction of use of wood.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example,
Although the concrete formwork for forming the foundation of the building has been described in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the foundation of the building. For example, the present invention can of course be applied to a wall surface formed on a foundation.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the reinforcing bar material 21 in which the vertical and horizontal reinforcing bars are connected to each other by welding or the like is used. However, the reinforcing bar material 21 in which the vertical bars 22 and the horizontal bars 23 are fixed in this manner. Instead, it is also possible to use rebar members that are foldably connected, such as the rebar member 30 shown in FIG. This foldable rebar material 30
Is, for example, a rebar group A, A ... A assembled in a grid pattern.
And the main bars 36 and 3 arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction.
6 and 36, and the grid-shaped reinforcing bar groups A are connected in advance by welding or the like. A band 31 including a spring material is provided between the reinforcing bar group A and the main bar 36.
Are connected by

In the reinforcing bar member 30 thus formed, for example, when the horizontally arranged reinforcing bar group A is tilted in the direction of the arrow B, the reinforcing bar group A changes its longitudinal direction, and as a result, the reinforcing bar group A is changed. A can be superimposed on the main bar 36.

Therefore, by using such a foldable rebar material 30, it is not necessary to connect the rebars arranged vertically and horizontally one by one, and the rebar material 30 is used.
It will be possible to carry it in a compact state when it is transported to the site.

In the above embodiment, the spacer 28 is detachably attached to the reinforcing bar 21, but the spacer 28 may be fixed to the reinforcing bar 21 with an adhesive or the like. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the spacer 28 is attached by forming the locking pieces 33 on the pair of the inner mold frame 20a and the outer mold frame 20b, but instead of this,
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a pair of molds 40a, 40
A jig 41 as a spacer mounting piece may be embedded in b. Even when such a jig 41 is used, the same operational effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

Further, the pair of molds 20a, 20b
Is preferably a foamed synthetic resin, but may be formed of a hard synthetic resin.

[0042]

As described above, according to the concrete formwork of the present invention, since the spacer attachment pieces are preliminarily attached to the inner formwork and the outer formwork, the space between the pair of raised formwork forms is reduced. The spacer can be easily incorporated into the.
Therefore, according to the method of constructing a concrete structure using such a concrete formwork, if the concrete formwork is assembled at the factory or near the site and placed at a predetermined position on the site, work at the site can be performed. Will be easier. Further, if the spacers are attached to the rebar material connected in advance in the vertical and horizontal directions and the spacers are installed on site together with the rebar materials, it is possible to reduce the work of bar arrangement and formwork especially in a narrow place. Further, even if a skilled worker is not present at the site, it is possible to easily perform the construction, which contributes to shortening the construction period and also reduces the cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a concrete formwork according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a separator used in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the reinforcing bar material adopted in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a concrete formwork according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a foundation of a conventional building.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when constructing a conventional building foundation.

[Explanation of symbols]

20a Inner formwork 20b Outer formwork 21, 30 Reinforcing bar material 22 Vertical bar 23 Horizontal bar 33 Locking piece (spacer mounting piece) 28 Spacer 40 Separator 41 Jig (spacer mounting piece)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pair of inner and outer molds, which are spaced apart by a predetermined distance for constructing a foundation or wall surface of a building, are made of synthetic resin, and the pair of inner and outer molds are formed. A concrete formwork characterized in that a spacer mounting piece is integrally provided on the formwork. 2. A pair of inner and outer molds, which are spaced apart by a predetermined distance in order to construct a foundation or wall surface of a building, are made of synthetic resin, and the pair of inner and outer molds is formed. A concrete formwork, which is integrally provided with a spacer attachment piece on the formwork, is erected while facing each other, and the spacer attachment pieces of the pair of the inner and outer formwork erected in advance are previously attached to the spacer attachment pieces. A concrete structure characterized in that a spacer to which a reinforcing bar material is attached is arranged across the space, and then concrete is placed between the pair of inner and outer forms to construct a concrete structure. How to build.