JPH08260005A - Metal-powder sintered compact - Google Patents

Metal-powder sintered compact

Info

Publication number
JPH08260005A
JPH08260005A JP5951395A JP5951395A JPH08260005A JP H08260005 A JPH08260005 A JP H08260005A JP 5951395 A JP5951395 A JP 5951395A JP 5951395 A JP5951395 A JP 5951395A JP H08260005 A JPH08260005 A JP H08260005A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
metal powder
alloys
brown
binder
green
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP5951395A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Tomio Kono
富夫 河野
Tetsuya Kondo
鉄也 近藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daido Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Daido Steel Co Ltd
Priority to JP5951395A priority Critical patent/JPH08260005A/en
Publication of JPH08260005A publication Critical patent/JPH08260005A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE: To avoid the distortion caused when two or more parts are combined in the stage of green compact or the partial high carbon concn. due to a binder. CONSTITUTION: A metal-powder sintered article of intricate shape is produced by injection-molding a metal powder mixed with a thermoplastic binder. In this case, >=2 green compacts (injection-molded body) are heated and degreased to obtain the brown body, and the brown bodies are combined and sintered.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、金属粉末の射出成形お
よび焼結により機械部品を製造する方法の改良に関し、
複雑な形状をもった製品を得るのに適した製造方法を提
供する。
FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a method for producing mechanical parts by injection molding and sintering of metal powder,
Provided is a manufacturing method suitable for obtaining a product having a complicated shape.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】金属粉末の焼結体を製造する方法のひと
つとして、金属粉末に熱可塑性合成樹脂等のバインダー
を加え、射出成形を行なってグリーン体を得、これを加
熱して合成樹脂を分解させ除去する、いわゆる脱脂を行
なってブラウン体とし、さらに加熱して金属粉末を焼結
させることからなる方法が行なわれている。
2. Description of the Related Art As one of the methods for producing a sintered body of metal powder, a binder such as a thermoplastic synthetic resin is added to the metal powder and injection molding is performed to obtain a green body, which is heated to produce the synthetic resin. A method comprising decomposing and removing, that is, so-called degreasing to obtain a brown body, and further heating to sinter the metal powder is performed.

【0003】この方法は、最終製品の形状に近い焼結体
を与えることができるが、それでも1箇の射出成形金型
で所望のグリーン体が得られるとは限らず、2箇以上の
グリーン体を別々に成形して組み合わせることにより、
はじめて目的とする製品が得られることがある。
This method can give a sintered body close to the shape of the final product, but it is not always possible to obtain a desired green body with one injection molding die, and two or more green bodies can be obtained. By molding and combining separately,
The target product may be obtained for the first time.

【0004】たとえば特開平6−49511号の「複雑
形状の金属粉末焼結体の製造方法」は、直線運動用のリ
ニアガイドに例をとって、そのブロック本体と側蓋とを
別々に金属粉末の射出成形で用意したグリーン体を組み
合わせ、製造する技術を開示している。 組み合わされ
たグリーン体は、その後の脱脂および焼結の過程で一体
化し、一体の金属粉末焼結製品が得られる。
For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-49511, "Manufacturing Method of Sintered Metal Powder with Complex Shape", a linear guide for linear motion is taken as an example, and the block main body and side lid are separately provided with metal powder. Discloses a technique for manufacturing by combining green bodies prepared by injection molding. The combined green body is integrated in the subsequent degreasing and sintering process to obtain an integrated metal powder sintered product.

【0005】複数のグリーン体を組み合わせる手法は、
上記した例すなわちリニアガイドのような製品の製造に
対しては好適であるが、製品の形状または構造によって
は、脱脂時や焼結時の歪みが大きくなって、寸法精度の
高い製品が得られない場合のあることが経験された。
The method of combining a plurality of green bodies is
Although it is suitable for manufacturing the above-mentioned example, that is, products such as linear guides, depending on the shape or structure of the product, distortion during degreasing or sintering becomes large and a product with high dimensional accuracy can be obtained. It was experienced that there are times when it is not.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、複雑
な形状をもった金属粉末焼結体を、熱可塑性樹脂等のバ
インダーを用いた粉末の射出成形−脱脂−焼結の工程に
より製造する方法において、焼結時の歪みが小さく、寸
法精度の高い製品を得る方法を提供することにある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to produce a metal powder sintered body having a complicated shape by the steps of powder injection molding, degreasing and sintering using a binder such as a thermoplastic resin. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a product with small dimensional distortion during sintering and high dimensional accuracy.

【0007】[0007]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の金属粉末焼結体
の製造方法は、図1に工程を示すように、金属粉末に熱
可塑性樹脂等のバインダーを加え射出成形してグリーン
体を形成し、このグリーン体を加熱などの方法により脱
脂してブラウン体を得、二以上のブラウン体を組み合わ
せて焼結することによりそれらが一体となった焼結体を
得ることからなる。
In the method for producing a metal powder sintered body of the present invention, a green body is formed by injection molding a metal powder with a binder such as a thermoplastic resin as shown in FIG. Then, the green body is degreased by a method such as heating to obtain a brown body, and two or more brown bodies are combined and sintered to obtain a sintered body in which they are integrated.

【0008】グリーン体の脱脂は、バインダー除去率が
30%以上98%以下となるように行なうのが適当であ
る。 バインダー除去率が低いと、グリーン体どうしの
接合に伴う問題を解消するという目的が達成できない
し、一方で完全に脱脂してしまうと、ブラウン体が脆く
なって取り扱いにくくなる。 これらの兼ね合いから、
30〜98%、好ましくはこの範囲内で高い領域の90
〜98%のバインダー除去率をえらぶ。
The degreasing of the green body is suitably performed so that the binder removal rate is 30% or more and 98% or less. If the binder removal rate is low, the purpose of solving the problem associated with joining the green bodies cannot be achieved, while if the binder is completely degreased, the brown body becomes brittle and difficult to handle. From these tradeoffs,
30-98%, preferably 90 of the higher areas within this range
Choose a binder removal rate of ~ 98%.

【0009】本発明を適用して焼結体を得ることができ
る金属粉末としては、ステンレス鋼、高速度工具鋼、耐
熱鋼、チタンまたはチタン合金、軟磁性合金、純鉄、F
e−Ni系合金、Co基合金、Ni基合金および低熱膨
張合金からえらんだ合金の粉末を挙げることができる。
As the metal powder which can be applied with the present invention to obtain a sintered body, stainless steel, high speed tool steel, heat resistant steel, titanium or titanium alloy, soft magnetic alloy, pure iron, F
Examples thereof include powders of alloys selected from e-Ni alloys, Co-based alloys, Ni-based alloys, and low thermal expansion alloys.

【0010】金属粉末の製造、熱可塑性合成樹脂等のバ
インダーの選択、射出成形および脱脂に関しては、金属
粉末射出成形の技術において知られているところに従っ
て実施すればよい。 バインダーとしては、たとえばポ
リプロピレンやポリエチレン、アクリル樹脂にカルナバ
ワックスを加えたもの、メチルセルロース、またはこれ
にワックスを加えたものが好適である。 脱脂は、加熱
が代表的な手段であるが、そのほかにも、溶剤(ヘプタ
ン、ヘキサン等)への浸漬や、溶剤蒸気との接触によっ
ても行なうことができる。
Production of metal powder, selection of binder such as thermoplastic synthetic resin, injection molding and degreasing may be carried out according to what is known in the art of metal powder injection molding. Suitable binders are, for example, polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylic resin with carnauba wax added, methyl cellulose, or wax with this added. Heating is a typical means of degreasing, but it can also be carried out by immersion in a solvent (heptane, hexane, etc.) or contact with solvent vapor.

【0011】[0011]

【作用】金属粉末射出成形により得たグリーン体を2箇
以上組み合わせて脱脂−焼結する手法は、脱脂工程にお
いてグリーン体の接触面で金属粉末どうしが緊密に接触
し、続く焼結過程で焼結一体化が進むため、接合面の強
度は、部品内部にくらべてとりたてて劣ることのないも
のになる。
The method of degreasing-sintering by combining two or more green bodies obtained by metal powder injection molding is such that the metal powders are in close contact with each other on the contact surface of the green bodies in the degreasing process, and firing is performed in the subsequent sintering process. Since the bonding and integration progress, the strength of the joint surface is not inferior to the interior of the component.

【0012】ところが、脱脂工程ではバインダーの熱分
解、揮発に伴って、成形時の残留応力や金属粉末相互の
結合のゆるみから、形状に歪みが生じる要因、たとえば
重力によるたわみなどがあれば、脱脂体の形状はグリー
ン体を組み合わせたものにくらべ、歪んだものとなる。
図2に示す、2箇のグリーン体(1Aおよび2A)の
組み合わせに例をとると、橋かけ状態で脱脂処理を受け
るグリーン体(1A)には重力が作用して、図3に誇張
して示すような焼結体(1Cおよび2C)からなる焼結
製品(3)が得られる。
However, in the degreasing step, if there is a factor that causes distortion in the shape due to residual stress during molding and loosening of the mutual binding of the metal powders due to thermal decomposition and volatilization of the binder, such as bending due to gravity, degreasing is performed. The shape of the body is more distorted than the combination of green bodies.
Taking an example of a combination of two green bodies (1A and 2A) shown in FIG. 2, gravity acts on the green body (1A) which is subjected to the degreasing treatment in a bridged state, and is exaggerated in FIG. A sintered product (3) consisting of the sintered bodies (1C and 2C) as shown is obtained.

【0013】本発明では、2箇のグリーン体(1Aおよ
び2A)の脱脂を別々に行なうから、板状のグリーン体
(1A)も平面上で脱脂され、変形を生じることなくブ
ラウン体(1B)となる。 その後に2箇のブラウン体
(1Bおよび2B)を組み合わせて焼結すれば、ほとん
ど歪みのない焼結体製品(3)が得られる。
In the present invention, since the two green bodies (1A and 2A) are degreased separately, the plate-shaped green body (1A) is also degreased on the plane and does not deform, and thus the brown body (1B). Becomes Then, two brown bodies (1B and 2B) are combined and sintered to obtain a sintered product (3) having almost no distortion.

【0014】グリーン体からブラウン体へ進めた状態で
部品を組み合わせた場合、接合面における強度が、グリ
ーン体の組み合わせにくらべて劣るのではないかとの懸
念があったが、接合は予想以上に強く行なわれていて、
実用上ほとんどの場合に支障ないレベルである。 すな
わち、従来法による成形体には歪みがあり、面での接触
は3点で点接触する形で落ち着くが、本発明のブラウン
体での接合では面のスリ合わせも可能で面全体で接触さ
せることが容易であるため、接合強度が高く得られる。
また、収縮率をほぼ同じにすることさえできれば、異
種の材質のブラウン体間の接合も可能となる。
There was a concern that the strength of the joint surface would be inferior to that of the combination of the green bodies when the parts were combined in a state where the green body progressed to the brown body, but the joint was stronger than expected. Is being done,
It is a level that will not cause any problems in practical use in most cases. That is, the molded body produced by the conventional method has distortion, and the contact on the surface is settled in the form of point contact at three points. However, in the bonding with the brown body of the present invention, it is possible to align the surfaces, and the entire surface is contacted. It is easy to obtain high bonding strength.
Further, as long as the contraction rates can be made almost the same, it is possible to join the brown bodies made of different materials.

【0015】ブラウン体どうしを接合する利点は、グリ
ーン体どうしの接合にしばしばみられる、部分的な高い
C濃度が生じないことである。 熱可塑性バインダーは
有機物であるから、加熱して脱脂する段階で大部分が分
解揮発するが、一部は炭素化して残る。 組み合わせる
部品を個々に加熱脱脂してブラウン体にすれば、組み合
わせた段階ですでに部品表面および内部のC濃度は低く
なっているから、焼結体の内部で部分的に高いC濃度が
生じる要因はない。 部分的に高いC濃度は、ステンレ
ス鋼などにあっては耐食性の低下という、好ましくない
結果もひきおこし、接合部の靱性を損なうから、なるべ
く避けたい。
The advantage of joining the brown bodies is that the high partial C concentration often found in joining the green bodies does not occur. Since the thermoplastic binder is an organic substance, most of it decomposes and volatilizes at the stage of heating and degreasing, but part of it remains carbonized. If the components to be combined are individually heated and degreased to form a brown body, the C concentration on the surface and inside of the components will already be low at the stage of combining, so that a high C concentration is partially generated inside the sintered body. There is no. A partially high C concentration causes an unfavorable result such as a decrease in corrosion resistance in the case of stainless steel, etc. and impairs the toughness of the joint portion, and is therefore preferably avoided.

【0016】[0016]

【実施例】【Example】

〔実施例1〕SUS316Lの水噴霧粉末(平均粒径
9.2μm)に、ポリプロピレンとワックスとからなる
熱可塑性バインダーを9.5重量%加え、150℃で混
練してペレット化した。
Example 1 9.5 wt% of a thermoplastic binder composed of polypropylene and wax was added to SUS316L water spray powder (average particle size 9.2 μm), and the mixture was kneaded at 150 ° C. to be pelletized.

【0017】このペレットを用いて図2に示す部品(1
Aおよび2A)をそれぞれ射出成形してグリーン体を得
た。 部品Bは、厚さが1.0mmのものと2.0mmのも
のと、2種用意した。
The pellet (1
A and 2A) were respectively injection-molded to obtain a green body. Two types of parts B were prepared, one with a thickness of 1.0 mm and one with a thickness of 2.0 mm.

【0018】上記のグリーン体を、窒素ガス雰囲気下に
最終温度405℃まで加熱してブラウン体とした。 こ
のときの脱脂率は、1Bが95.4%、2Bが96.3
%であった。
The above green body was heated to a final temperature of 405 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere to form a brown body. The degreasing rate at this time was 95.4% for 1B and 96.3 for 2B.
%Met.

【0019】部品(1B)および(2B)を組み合わせ、
アルゴンガス雰囲気下に1350℃に2時間加熱するこ
とにより焼結を行なった。 焼結製品について、部品
(1C)のたわみ量(図3において「d」であらわした距
離)を測定した。
Combining parts (1B) and (2B),
Sintering was performed by heating at 1350 ° C. for 2 hours in an argon gas atmosphere. Parts for sintered products
The amount of deflection (1C) (distance represented by "d" in FIG. 3) was measured.

【0020】比較のため、グリーン体の段階で組み合わ
せ、脱脂および焼結をした場合についても実験した。
それらの結果を、表1に示す。
For comparison, an experiment was also conducted in the case where the green bodies were combined, degreased and sintered.
The results are shown in Table 1.

【0021】 表1 区 分 接合対象 部品Bの厚さ たわみ量 実施例 ブラウン体 1mm 0.03mm 〃 〃 2mm 0.02mm 比較例 グリーン体 1mm 0.16mm 〃 〃 2mm 0.13mm 接合強度には、実用上問題となる差はなかった。Table 1 Sections Joints to be bonded Thickness of the part B Deflection Example Brown body 1 mm 0.03 mm 〃 〃 2 mm 0.02 mm Comparative example Green body 1 mm 0.16 mm 〃 〃 2 mm 0.13 mm Practical for bonding strength There was no significant difference.

【0022】〔実施例2〕実施例1のペレットを材料と
し、射出成形により図2に示すものと同じ組み合わせの
部品を製造した。 ただし、部品Bの厚さを5.0mmま
たは8.0mmと厚くし、それに伴って部品AのBを受け
止める部分の凹みを深くした。
Example 2 Using the pellets of Example 1 as a material, parts having the same combination as shown in FIG. 2 were manufactured by injection molding. However, the thickness of the component B was increased to 5.0 mm or 8.0 mm, and the recess of the portion for receiving the B of the component A was deepened accordingly.

【0023】窒素ガス雰囲気下に408℃に加熱しての
脱脂、およびアルゴンガス雰囲気下に1355℃に2時
間加熱する焼結を経て、金属粉末焼結製品を得た。 比
較のため、この場合もグリーン体どうし接合する従来例
も加えた。
A metal powder sintered product was obtained through degreasing by heating at 408 ° C. under a nitrogen gas atmosphere and sintering by heating at 1355 ° C. for 2 hours under an argon gas atmosphere. For comparison, a conventional example in which green bodies are joined together is also added in this case.

【0024】各焼結製品について、部品AおよびBの接
合部付近のC量を分析して、表2に示す値を得た。
For each sintered product, the amount of C in the vicinity of the joint between parts A and B was analyzed and the values shown in Table 2 were obtained.

【0025】 表2 区 分 接合対象 部品Bの厚さ 接合部C量 実施例 ブラウン体 5mm 0.008%(重量) 〃 〃 8mm 0.010% 比較例 グリーン体 5mm 0.045% 〃 〃 8mm 0.088% 原料粉末中のC量は0.010%以下であるから、比較
例にみられる高いC量は、バインダーに由来するものと
考えられる。
[0025] Table 2 divisions Thickness of part B to be joined Part C amount Example Brown body 5mm 0.008% (weight) 〃 〃 8mm 0.010% Comparative example Green body 5mm 0.045% 〃 〃 8mm 0 0.088% Since the amount of C in the raw material powder is 0.010% or less, it is considered that the high amount of C found in Comparative Examples is derived from the binder.

【0026】〔実施例3〕図4に示す2箇のグリーン体
(4Aおよび5A)すなわち金属粉末射出成形体をSUS
316Lの粉末で製造し、実施例2と同じ条件で脱脂し
たのち、得られたブラウン体(4Bおよび5B)を図5
に示すように組み合わせ、少しスリ合わせ(円周方向に
回して)を行なってから同じ条件で焼結してエアバルブ
部品を得た。この製品の接合部の接合率は90%以上で
あって実用的な気密が保たれ、かつ寸法精度が高く、仕
上げ加工をほとんど必要としなかった。
[Embodiment 3] Two green bodies shown in FIG.
(4A and 5A) That is, SUS metal powder injection molding
316L of powder, and after degreasing under the same conditions as in Example 2, the obtained brown bodies (4B and 5B) are shown in FIG.
As shown in (1) and (3), a slight amount of slitting (turning in the circumferential direction) was performed, and then sintering was performed under the same conditions to obtain an air valve component. The bonding ratio of the bonded portion of this product was 90% or more, practical airtightness was maintained, dimensional accuracy was high, and finishing processing was hardly required.

【0027】[0027]

【発明の効果】本発明の製造方法は、複雑な形状をもっ
た金属粉末焼結体を製造するに当って、2箇以上の粉末
射出成形体を組み合わせてから脱脂するのでなく、別々
に脱脂してから組み合わせるという工程を選択すること
により、脱脂工程での部品の変形を回避して寸法精度の
高い製品を得ることを可能にする。 本発明に従えば、
部品の接合部付近のように、バインダーが分解して生成
した炭素分が残りやすい部分においても、C濃度が高く
なることがなく、局部的に高いC濃度がひきおこす耐食
性の低下などの問題がなくなる。
The manufacturing method of the present invention, when manufacturing a metal powder sintered body having a complicated shape, does not perform degreasing after combining two or more powder injection molded bodies, but separately degreasing. By selecting the step of combining after that, it is possible to avoid deformation of parts in the degreasing step and obtain a product with high dimensional accuracy. According to the invention,
Even in a portion where carbon components generated by decomposition of the binder tend to remain, such as in the vicinity of the joint of parts, the C concentration does not increase, and there is no problem such as a decrease in corrosion resistance caused by a locally high C concentration. .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】 本発明の金属粉末焼結体の製造方法を示す工
程図。
FIG. 1 is a process drawing showing a method for producing a metal powder sintered body of the present invention.

【図2】 本発明の試験例で製造した部品の形状を示す
斜視図。
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a shape of a component manufactured in a test example of the present invention.

【図3】 図2の部品を組み合わせ焼結して得た製品の
断面図。
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a product obtained by combining and sintering the parts of FIG.

【図4】 本発明の実施例で製造したエアバルブの部品
形状を示す斜視図。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the shape of parts of the air valve manufactured in the embodiment of the present invention.

【図5】 図4のエアバルブ製品の断面図。5 is a cross-sectional view of the air valve product of FIG.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1A,2A;4A,5A グリーン体 1B,2B;4B,5B ブラウン体 1C,2C 焼結体 3 焼結製品 1A, 2A; 4A, 5A Green body 1B, 2B; 4B, 5B Brown body 1C, 2C Sintered body 3 Sintered product

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 金属粉末に熱可塑性樹脂等のバインダー
を加え射出成形してグリーン体を形成し、このグリーン
体を加熱などの方法により脱脂してブラウン体を得、二
以上のブラウン体を組み合わせて焼結することにより、
それらが一体となった焼結体を得ることからなる金属粉
末焼結体の製造方法。
1. A green body is formed by adding a binder such as a thermoplastic resin to metal powder and performing injection molding. The green body is degreased by a method such as heating to obtain a brown body, and two or more brown bodies are combined. By sintering
A method for producing a metal powder sintered body, which comprises obtaining a sintered body in which they are integrated.
【請求項2】 グリーン体の脱脂を、バインダー除去率
30%以上98%以下となるように行なう請求項1の製
造方法。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein degreasing of the green body is performed so that the binder removal rate is 30% or more and 98% or less.
【請求項3】 金属粉末として、ステンレス鋼、高速度
工具鋼、耐熱鋼、チタンまたはチタン合金、軟磁性合
金、純鉄、Fe−Ni系合金、Co基合金、Ni基合金
および低熱膨張合金からえらんだ合金の粉末を使用して
行なう請求項1の製造方法。
3. A metal powder selected from stainless steel, high speed tool steel, heat resistant steel, titanium or titanium alloys, soft magnetic alloys, pure iron, Fe—Ni alloys, Co alloys, Ni alloys and low thermal expansion alloys. The method according to claim 1, wherein the powder of the selected alloy is used.
JP5951395A 1995-03-17 1995-03-17 Metal-powder sintered compact Pending JPH08260005A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5951395A JPH08260005A (en) 1995-03-17 1995-03-17 Metal-powder sintered compact

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5951395A JPH08260005A (en) 1995-03-17 1995-03-17 Metal-powder sintered compact

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08260005A true JPH08260005A (en) 1996-10-08

Family

ID=13115426

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP5951395A Pending JPH08260005A (en) 1995-03-17 1995-03-17 Metal-powder sintered compact

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08260005A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000016936A1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-30 Injex Corporation Metal sintere body and production method thereof
US6322746B1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2001-11-27 Honeywell International, Inc. Co-sintering of similar materials
US8904800B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2014-12-09 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Combustor heat shield with integrated louver and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000016936A1 (en) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-30 Injex Corporation Metal sintere body and production method thereof
US6428595B1 (en) 1998-09-18 2002-08-06 Injex Corporation Metal sintere body and production method thereof
US6322746B1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2001-11-27 Honeywell International, Inc. Co-sintering of similar materials
US8904800B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2014-12-09 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Combustor heat shield with integrated louver and method of manufacturing the same

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