JPH08256634A - Culturing crawl - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a culturing crawl capable of favorably keeping internal hygienical environment without having adverse effect on natural environment. CONSTITUTION: In supplying water to a crawl body 1 installed on sea level in lifted state and having a space blocked from the outside sea area or discharging water to the crawl body 1, a filtering device is provided in purge and water pumped up by a pump is filtered and fed to the crawl. Water levels of filtered water, in the crawl and of outside water surface are set so as to become successively lower. The filtered water is made to flow from the filtering into the crawl by the difference of water head and circulated into the interior of the crawl and discharged from the lower part of the crawl to the outside. Since water feed to the crawl, water discharge from the crawl and removal of solid left material are carried out by single water flow, culturing environment, hygienic environment are kept in best state by a simple structure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aquaculture cage used for breeding and growing fish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cage having a structure in which a cage main body having an internal space isolated from the external sea area is floated on the surface of seawater and seawater is supplied to the internal space to cultivate fish has already been developed by the inventors of the present invention. (For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-2
No. 76888). This publication describes a closed hollow spherical shell consisting of a seawater region and an air layer above it, seawater control means for supplying or discharging seawater to this spherical shell, and air control means for supplying oxygen to seawater in the seawater region. , A feeding means, and a residual food collecting means are described. The seawater control means pumps up the intermediate layer water in the outer sea area and supplies it to the cage, the air control means supplies oxygen to the cage, and the feeding means supplies the bait to the cage. In addition, a drainage port is provided at the bottom of the cage, and by pouring a strong water flow into it, residual food such as residual food and feces accumulated at the bottom is caught in the water flow and discharged.
Be recovered.

[0003]

In the aquaculture cage having the above structure, since fresh seawater is supplied, excess seawater is discharged to the outside through the pressure relief valve. The water pressure is set to be almost equal to the water pressure in the external waters. A strong water flow is generated by a separate pump when collecting leftover food. Since these operations are performed separately by the water supply pump, the structure of the cage body is complicated and the operation is inefficient. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and simplifies the structure of the cage main body, and at the same time water supply,
It is intended to provide an aquaculture cage capable of efficiently collecting wastewater and residual food.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a fish cage main body having an internal space which is floated on the surface of a water by a float member and is isolated from the external water area, and seawater or fresh water is supplied to the internal space of the fish cage main body. A water supply means for feeding, a feeding means for supplying fish baits into the cage body, and seawater or fresh water supplied into the cage body from the bottom of the cage body to the bottom together with the residue accumulated on the bottom of the cage body outside. Drainage means for discharging to, and a recovery means provided on the drain outlet side of the drainage means for collecting the above-mentioned residue contained in the drainage,
The water supply means supplies a pumping pump for pumping seawater or freshwater, a filter for filtering the seawater or freshwater pumped by the pump, and the seawater or freshwater filtered by the filter to the fish cage body. A water supply pipe, and the water level of the filtered seawater or fresh water at the time of water supply is set to be higher than the water level of the water area in which the main cage body is floated.
Water is supplied to the cage main body and drained from the cage main body by the water head difference between the two water surfaces.

Further, in the present invention, the water supply port of the water supply pipe is provided in the upper portion of the cage main body, and the supply water flows out in a tangential direction of a circle centered on the vertical central axis of the cage main body. Therefore, a swirling flow can be generated in the space inside the cage main body.

Further, in the present invention, oxygen supply means may be added, and oxygen from the oxygen supply means may be supplied to the filtered water of the filter through the diffuser pipe.

[0007]

[Operation] The water level of the seawater or fresh water filtered by the filter is higher than the water level of the water area where the fish cage is floated by the pumping of water by the pump, and The amount of pumped water and the amount of water supplied to and drained from the cage are adjusted so that the height is higher than the water level in the external waters. As a result, the water in the filter is supplied to the cage by the water head difference, and the water supplied to the cage is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe.

The water supplied from the water supply port of the water supply pipe to the main cage body is blown out in a tangential direction of a circle centered on the vertical central axis of the main cage body, and causes a swirling flow in a fixed direction in the cage.

When the oxygen supply means is provided, oxygen is supplied to the filtered water through the air diffuser, dissolved in fresh water, and then supplied into the cage.

[0010]

[Embodiment] An embodiment of a cage which is floated on the surface of seawater and is filled with seawater will be described below. FIG.
And in FIG. 2, 1 is a polyhedron in the outer shape, and in the case of this example, 2
It is a cage main body formed in a hexahedron, and the sides of the polyhedron are
The frame 2 is made of a metal such as iron or stainless steel or a hard resin such as fiber reinforced plastic. When the frame 2 is made of iron, a rust preventive coating is applied. The surface portion of the polyhedron is formed by the diaphragm 3 made of soft and flexible resin. The frame 2 has a V-shaped or circular cross section, and the diaphragm 3 is sandwiched between the frame 2 and a metal plate or a resin plate screwed thereto. To give an example of the size of the cage body 1,
The maximum diameter of the polyhedron can be about 10 m and the volume can be about 525 m ³ .

As the soft and flexible resin constituting the diaphragm 3, a woven cloth of nylon fiber, polyester fiber, aramid fiber or the like is used as a base cloth, and soft polyvinyl chloride resin is coated on both surfaces of the cloth to make a flexible film having a thickness of about 1 mm. Resins can be used. The thickness of this diaphragm 3 can be in the range of approximately 1 mm to 3 mm. As the material of the diaphragm 3, in addition to the above resins, polyurethane resins reinforced with the above resins, saturated polyester resins, nylon resins, polyacetic acid resins and the like can be used. The surface of the diaphragm 3 can be covered with a silicone film or a Teflon film in order to suppress the adhesion of marine organisms such as seaweed and shells. The edges of these diaphragms 3 are fixed to the frame 2, and therefore the exchange of seawater between the inside of the cage main body 1 and the external space is blocked. The diaphragm 3 is stretched over the frame 2 with a slight slack. Therefore, this diaphragm 3 sways due to tidal current or waves. Further, it is desirable that the diaphragm 3 has a light shielding property by being colored. Fish such as red sea bream usually live near a water depth of about 50 m, and sunlight does not reach this area. This is because if such a fish is cultivated in an area several meters below the sea level, so-called sunburn occurs, and the color of the fish becomes different from that of natural fish.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a cylindrical tower made of metal or resin formed on the top of the cage main body 1, and an opening / closing lid 5 and the like are provided on the upper surface thereof, and the lower portion is fixed to the cage main body 1. 6
Is a drainage port formed in the middle of the side surface of the cage main body 1,
When the water level in the tower section 4 rises to the level of the drainage port 6 (this water level is W1), the excess water is discharged to the outside of the cage. Therefore, the water level in the cage main body 1 does not rise above the water level W1. This water level W
1 is higher than the water level W2 of the external water area as described later,
In the case of this example, the difference is set to about 8 cm. To give an example of the size of the tower section 4, its diameter is about 4 m and its height is about 1.5.
It can be m.

7,7. ． Are the strings 8,8. ．
It is a float connected via a container and provides a constant buoyancy to the cage main body 1. 9, 9. ． In the frame 2 the chains 10, 10. ． It is a fixed sinker connected via a means for fixing the cage main body 1 to a predetermined sea area. 11,1
1. ． Are chains 10, 10. ． It is an intermediate sinker connected in the middle of, and gives a sinking force to the cage main body 1. A constant buoyancy by the float 7 and a sinking force are given to the cage main body 1 by the weight of the intermediate sinker 11 and the cage main body 1 itself. By adjusting the buoyancy and the sinking force, the cage main body 1 has a predetermined height with respect to the water level of the installation water area, that is, the water level W.
1 is made to stand still at a position where it is about 8 cm higher than the water level W2.

A drain pipe 12 is connected to the bottom of the cage main body 1 and discharges the seawater in the cage main body 1 to the outside. The drainage port 13 of the drainage pipe 12 is extended to a net cage 14 which is floated on the surface of seawater, and is drained therein. At this time, the position of the drain port 13 is set lower than the water level W1. The solid food such as residual food and feces contained in the wastewater is captured and collected by the net basket 14. The drain pipe 12 constitutes drainage means, and the net basket 14 constitutes recovery means.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a barge which is floated and installed on the sea surface in the vicinity of the cage main body 1, and on which a drive source 16 composed of a diesel engine, a blower compressor 17 driven by the drive source 16 and a pumping pump 18 are mounted. To be done. 19
Is connected to the pump 18 and extends downwardly about 15
Seawater is pumped up from the intake port 21 at the lower end by an impeller 20 provided in the middle of the m intake pipe. As described above, seawater about 15 m below sea level has stable water quality and water temperature, and is suitable as aquaculture water. That is, the middle layer water, which is seawater around 15m below sea level, is 2-3 degrees Celsius lower than the sea surface temperature in summer, and is 2-3 degrees Celsius higher than the sea surface temperature in winter, and is stable at 13 to 25 degrees Celsius throughout the four seasons. ing. This temperature zone is optimal for fish farming. In the cultivation of fish, which is a thermophilic animal, water temperature is a factor that has a significant effect on its productivity.For example, when the water temperature becomes low, it loses its vigor, and it does not eat any food and its growth slows down. Even if it passes, I do not eat food. In particular, when the water temperature exceeds about 30 ° C., there is a problem that diseases easily occur. In addition, the middle layer water is not affected by the red tide when it occurs, and has the advantage of being kept clean and free from pollution.

Reference numeral 22 is a filter installed below the barge 15. The inside tank 23, the outside tank 24 and these two tanks 23,
It is divided into a float space 25 provided between 24. Reference numeral 26 denotes a filtration layer interposed between the inner tank 23 and the outer tank 24, which is made of a laminated body of filtration materials such as oyster shells. 27
Is a drainage port for discharging the seawater in the inner tub 23 to the outside, and the upper limit of the water level in the inner tub 23 and the outer tub 24 is determined by the drainage port 27. This water level is W3. 28 is
One end of the water supply pipe is connected to the outer tank 24 and the other end is a water supply pipe connected to the tower section 4 of the cage, and the connection portion with the outer tank 24 is located below the drain port 27. The pumping pump 18, the filter 22, and the water supply pipe 28 constitute a water supply means.

The other end of the water supply pipe 28 is located below the tower section 4 of the cage.
That is, it is positioned on the lower surface of the water level W1 and its outlet is directed in a tangential direction of a circle centered on the vertical central axis of the cage main body 1. Therefore, the seawater flowing out of the water supply pipe 28 causes a swirling flow in a fixed direction in the seawater in the cage main body 1. Due to the generation of the swirling flow, the farmed fish circulate toward the flow, are less likely to collide with each other, the space efficiency is increased, and the density of the fish per unit volume can be increased. By exercising the fish, the illness is reduced and the meat is tightened to improve the taste.

The seawater pumped up by the pump 18 is discharged to the inner tank 23. At this time, the surplus seawater is discharged to the outside through the drain port 27, so that the water level is the maximum water level W.
To be kept at 3. Pumping is continuously performed, and seawater is filtered through the filtration layer 26 and flows into the outer tank 24. The filtered seawater is supplied to the cage main body 1 through the water supply pipe 28. Here, by adjusting the buoyancy of the float space 25, the water level W3 of the inner tank 23 is set to be higher than the water level W1 in the cage main body 1 and the water level W2 of the outer sea surface, for example, the difference between the water levels W2 and W3 is set to about 40 cm. It By doing so, the three water levels W3, W1, W of the filter 22, the cage main body 1 and the open sea
2 gradually decreases, and seawater naturally flows through each area due to the head difference and is drained. In addition, during drainage, residues such as residual food and feces accumulated at the bottom of the cage main body 1 are discharged outside together with the drained seawater.

The blower compressor 18 is a drive source 17
Driven by. The blower compressor 18 supplies air to the seawater in the outer tank 24 through an air diffuser 29 to dissolve oxygen in the seawater. The tip of the air diffuser 29 is arranged near the inlet of the water supply pipe 28. Blower compressor 1
The oxygen supply means is constituted by 8 and the air diffuser 29. In this example, the fresh middle layer water is constantly supplied to the cage, so this oxygen supply means is not always necessary, but it can be used to increase the density of the cultured fish and increase the production efficiency. .

Reference numeral 30 denotes a feeding device placed on the barge 15, and pelletized baits are periodically fed through the feeding pipe 31.
It is dropped in the water supply pipe 28. From this, the bait is mixed with the seawater supplied to the cage and carried into the cage body 1. The feeding device 30 and the feeding pipe 31 constitute a feeding means.

[0021] Generally, in a conventional cage having a seawater permeable structure, it is estimated that the seawater in the cage is replaced in about 1 hour. Therefore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, when 8 barracks with a capacity of 525 m ³ are supplied by one barge and the seawater in the main body of the carcass is replaced in 1 hour, the pumping amount by the pump is 4200 m ³ per hour. Becomes This can be achieved by using two 7.2 kw axial flow pumps, an impeller having a diameter of 60 cm and an intake pipe having the same diameter. Since the level W3 of the pumped seawater is only 40 cm higher than the sea level W2, two pumps with the above output can supply water to eight cages. Thus, by constantly driving the pumping pump, fresh seawater is supplied to the cage and the residue is automatically collected.

In the above embodiment, an example was described in which the cage was floated on the surface of seawater, but it can also be applied to the case where the cage is floated on a freshwater surface such as a lake to cultivate freshwater fish. Moreover, the morbidity rate can be reduced by adding water sterilization means such as an ozone sterilizer.

[0023]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the aquaculture cage according to the present invention, the water level of seawater or fresh water in the filter, the water level in the main body of the cage, and the external water level for floating the cage are set to be gradually lowered.
The filtered water naturally flows from the water supply means into the cage, flows through the cage and is discharged from the bottom to the outside.At the same time, the residual food such as residual food and feces remaining at the bottom of the cage is discharged to the outside. Is released. Therefore, it becomes possible to supply water into the cage, drain water, and recover residue with a single water flow.
It is possible to keep the sanitary environment inside the cage in the best condition and to realize a cage with high aquaculture efficiency with a simpler structure than before. As a result, the drive unit can be simplified and downsized, and therefore energy efficiency can be improved and production cost can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, when water is supplied by the water supply pipe in a tangential direction of a circle centered on the vertical central axis of the fish cage body, a swirling flow is generated in the fish cage body to keep the cultured fish constant. It can be wandered in the direction. As a result, the fish are less likely to collide with each other, the morbidity of the fish can be reduced, and at the same time, the density of the fish per unit volume can be increased.

Further, in the present invention, when the oxygen supply means is provided and oxygen is supplied to the water filtered by the filter, fresh water sufficiently containing oxygen is supplied to the main cage body. It is possible to increase the density of fish per unit volume.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an aquaculture cage according to an embodiment of the present invention on the side of a cage main body.

FIG. 2 is a barge side cross-sectional view of an aquaculture cage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ……… Garden main body 2 ………… Frame 3 ………… September 4 ………… Tower section 6,13,27 ………… Drainage port 7 ……… Float 9 ……… Fixed sinker 11 ……… Intermediate sinker 12 ……… Drain pipe 14 ………… Net basket 15 ……… Barge 16 ……… Drive source 17 ……… Blower compressor 18 ……… Pumping pump 19 ……… Intake pipe 20 ……… Impeller 22 ……… Over container 23 ………… Inner tank 24 ………… Outer tank 25 ………… Float space 28 ………… Water supply pipe 30 ………… Feeding device

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Sumita 1-8 Yokogawa Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima City Morten Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Yui 1-8 Yokokawa Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima City Morten Co., Ltd. ( 72) Inventor Shinichi Kawasaki 1-8 Yokomachi Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima City Morten Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fish cage main body having an internal space that is floated on the surface of the water by a float member and is shielded from the external water area, a water supply means for supplying seawater or fresh water to the internal space of the fish cage main body, and the fish cage main body. Feeding means for supplying fish baits in, seawater or fresh water supplied in the cage body, drainage means for discharging from the bottom of the cage body to the outside of the cage body together with the residue accumulated at the bottom, and The recovery means is provided on the drain side of the drainage means and recovers the residue contained in the drainage, and the water supply means is a pump for pumping seawater or fresh water, and the seawater pumped by the pump. A filter for filtering fresh water, and a water supply pipe for supplying seawater or freshwater filtered by the filter to the fish cage body, and the water surface of the filtered seawater or fresh water at the time of water supply is the fish cage. The aquaculture cage is set so that it is higher than the water surface of the body in which it is floated, and water is supplied to the cage body and drained from the cage body due to the water head difference between the two water surfaces. 2. The water supply port of the water supply pipe is provided in the upper part of the cage main body, and the supply water flows out in a tangential direction of a circle centered on a vertical central axis of the cage main body, whereby the cage main body is provided. The aquaculture cage according to claim 1, wherein a swirling flow is generated in the inner space. 3. The aquaculture cage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein oxygen supply means is added, and oxygen from the oxygen supply means is supplied to the filtered water of the filter through an air diffuser.