JPH08253978A - Fire-resistant panel for construction material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a fire-resistant panel capable of being manufactured easily and efficiently with simple constitution without requiring large-scaled equipment, long manufacturing period and broad space and to make it possible to prevent the generation of any harmful substance in the time of manufacture or combustion. CONSTITUTION: A fire-resistant panel is constituted of a plurality of woody plate materials 2 stacked and adhering to each other through adhesive bonds 3 or woody plate materials 2 and plate materials of the quality of the material. At least one bond of the adhesive bonds 3 is constituted of a composite body of adhesive 4 and glass fibers 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wood-based fireproof panel for building materials used for doors, walls and ceilings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional fireproof panel for building materials, a wood board material impregnated with a phosphorus-based or halogen-based fireproofing agent or an inorganic material such as a silicon compound or a boron compound, or a laminate of these materials, or a wood board material A laminate in which a calcium acid plate and an inorganic plate such as a gypsum board or a cement board are bonded with an adhesive is generally used.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional refractory panels have the following problems, respectively.
As for the fireproof panel in (1), large-scale equipment is required to impregnate the wood board with chemicals such as fireproofing agents and inorganic substances. (2) Since the impregnation rate tends to vary depending on the type of wood board material, specific gravity, thickness, fiber direction, etc., the resulting fire resistance tends to vary. (3) It takes a long time and a large space to dry the chemical solution, and after drying, the wooden board may be warped or twisted,
There are also drawbacks such as the exudation of chemicals from the wooden board. (4) When a phosphorus-based or halogen-based agent is used as a high-performance fire-prevention agent, a substance harmful to the human body is generated during manufacturing or combustion.

Regarding the refractory panel (1), it is difficult to cut or cut the refractory material because the inorganic plate such as (1) calcium silicate plate is hard and brittle. (2) Since the inorganic plate does not have screw holding power, when attaching metal fittings to the fireproof panel or connecting other members, a wooden frame or crosspiece made of metal or fireproofed by impregnation should be used. It becomes necessary, and an additional manufacturing process for that is added, resulting in a decrease in production efficiency. (3) When burning, the adhesive between the wooden board and the inorganic board is thermally decomposed, and the inorganic board may fall off.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and has a simple structure and can be easily and efficiently manufactured without requiring large-scale equipment, a long time and a large space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fireproof panel for building materials that can be manufactured and does not generate harmful substances during manufacturing or burning.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, a fireproof panel for building materials according to the present invention comprises a plurality of wood boards or wood boards and boards made of other materials laminated and adhered to each other via an adhesive layer. Comprising at least one of said adhesive layers
The layer is characterized by being composed of a composite of an adhesive and glass fibers.

In this case, it is preferable that at least four or more adhesive layers are composed of a composite.

In these cases, it is preferable that the wood board material is made of any one of a single board, a solid board, a particle board, a fiber board, a plywood and a laminated wood, or a combination of two or more.

Further, in these cases, the plate material of another material is
It is preferable that the plate material is a material having a screw holding force.

Further, in these cases, it is preferable that the glass fiber is composed of glass cloth.

In these cases, the adhesive is preferably composed of one of a thermosetting resin and an aqueous polymeric isocyanate resin.

[0012]

In the fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 1, the adhesive layer for adhering a plurality of wood board members to each other or a wood board member and a board member made of another material is composed of a composite of an adhesive and a glass fiber. Therefore, the adhesive is used for the adhesion, and the glass fiber ensures the required fire resistance. In addition, this fireproof panel for building materials has a very simple structure in which plate materials are simply laminated with an adhesive layer interposed therebetween, and these are laminated and heated, pressurized, etc. depending on the adhesive used. Only with this, it is possible to easily and efficiently manufacture. Therefore, the large scale equipment for impregnation, the long time for drying and the large space required for manufacturing the chemical-impregnated type refractory panel are unnecessary. Moreover, since it is not necessary to use a phosphorus-based or halogen-based agent as a high-performance fire-preventing agent, no harmful substance is generated during manufacturing or burning. ,

In the fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 2, since at least four layers of glass fibers are arranged in multiple stages, fireproof performance is effectively exhibited, and at least five wooden boards and other board materials are used. With the above-described multilayer structure, and the thickness of each of these plate materials is reduced, cracks in the plate materials generated during combustion are reduced.

In the refractory panel for building materials according to claim 3, the wood board is composed of any one of a single board, a solid board, a particle board, a fiber board, a plywood and a laminated wood, or a combination of two or more. As a result, the wooden board material can be made of an inexpensive and easily available material.

In the fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 4, since the plate material made of another material is a plate material having a screw holding force, the metal fitting and the connection of other members to the fireproof panel are simply screwed. In this case, the special frame or crosspiece which is required in the conventional fireproof panel of the type in which the inorganic plates are laminated is not necessary, and the fireproof panel can be manufactured more easily.

In the fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 5, since the glass fiber is composed of the glass cloth, the adhesive and the glass can be simply formed by applying the adhesive to the glass cloth or the plate material sandwiching the glass cloth and laminating these. A composite having little variation with fibers can be easily formed, and a fireproof panel with little variation in fireproof performance can be easily manufactured.

In the fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 6, since the adhesive is composed of a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin or a resorcinol resin, or an aqueous polymer isocyanate resin such as an aqueous vinyl urethane, these resins are used. Due to the flame retardancy or non-decomposability of, the fire resistance of the fire resistant panel is further enhanced.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a fireproof panel for building materials (hereinafter, simply referred to as “fireproof panel”) to which the present invention is applied in a disassembled state. As shown in the figure, the fire-resistant panel 1 is composed of a laminated plate in which five wood plate materials 2, 2, ... Are sequentially adhered by four adhesive layers 3, 3 ,. An adhesive 4 is applied to one side or both sides of the wooden board 2, and glass fibers 5 are interposed between each two adjacent wooden boards 2, 2 and each adhesive layer 3 is formed of these adhesives. 4 and glass fiber 5. The fire-resistant panel 1 is manufactured by laminating and adhering the materials having the above constitution under heating and pressurizing conditions according to the adhesive used.

As the wood board 2, in addition to veneer, solid wood, artificial boards such as particle board and fiber board, plywood such as orthogonal plywood and parallel plywood and laminated wood,
Although any wood material can be used, the above materials are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and cost. The five wood boards 2, 2, ... May all have the same kind of material and the same thickness, or may appropriately combine two or more kinds of materials or use a thin decorative veneer for the surface layer. Is also possible.

Further, some of the wooden boards 2, 2, ... Can be made of other materials. in this case,
For example, paper such as paper or resin-impregnated paper, or cloth such as cloth or resin-impregnated cloth can be used. However, it is own to use resin-impregnated paper such as phenol-impregnated paper or phenol-backer. Fireproof panel by fireproof 1
It is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the fire resistance performance.

Any adhesive 4 may be used as long as it is a phenol resin such as phenol resin or resorcinol resin, an aqueous polymer isocyanate resin such as aqueous vinyl urethane, a urea resin, or an adhesive for wood such as melamine resin. It can be used. Of these, thermosetting resins such as phenolic resins are preferable because they have flame retardancy by themselves. Aqueous polymer isocyanate resins are used for the thermal decomposition of urea resin adhesives and the resulting wood board materials. Two
It is preferable because peeling can be prevented.

As the glass fiber 5, glass non-woven fabric, glass cloth such as glass woven fabric or glass braid, and any glass fiber such as glass roving can be used. In particular, in the case of a glass cloth, that is, a cloth-like material, a composite with a small variation in the adhesive 4 and the glass fiber 5 can be easily formed by simply applying the adhesive 4 to the wooden board materials 2 sandwiching the cloth and stacking them. Therefore, there is an advantage that the fire-resistant panel 1 with little variation in fire-resistant performance can be easily manufactured. Further, in order to maintain the required fire resistance performance, it is necessary to make the glass fibers dense to some extent, and in the case of a glass woven fabric or a glass braid, the mutual spacing of the fibers in the same direction is equal to or less than a predetermined value, For example, it is preferably 5.0 mm or less.

Next, referring to Table 1, Comparative Test 1 will be described. In this comparative test 1, ten types of test specimens of the fireproof panel 1 based on the material constitution of FIG.
10 to 10, and was subjected to a combustion test together with a comparative example.

[0024]

[Table 1]

Each of the fire-resistant panels 1 of Examples 1 to 10 is composed of five wooden boards 2, and each wooden board 2 is a 2.5 mm-thick unimpregnated Lauan veneer and is arranged in a direction orthogonal to each other. Laminated. As shown in Table 1, as the adhesive 3, water-based vinyl urethane was used in Examples 1 to 5, and Examples 6 to 10 were used.
Then, resorcinol was used respectively. Glass fiber 5
Is combined only in Examples 3 and 8 with a total of 2 sheets between each of the two wooden board members 2 and 2 on the front layer side and the back layer side, and in other Examples, two wooden plate members 2 and 2 each. In total, 4 sheets were combined. The types of glass fibers are glass nonwoven fabrics in Examples 1 and 6, glass woven fabrics in Examples 2, 3, 7, and 8 and glass braids in Examples 4, 5, 9, and 10, respectively. In the case of the cloth and the glass braid, the fiber spacing is as in Examples 5 and 10.
5.0 mm, and 2.5 mm in other examples.

On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are different from the above Examples in that none of the glass fibers are compounded, and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 are flame retardant guanidine sulfamate (nonvolatile content 60%). ) Is about 20% impregnated lauan veneer plywood. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the flame of a butane gas burner 8 is applied to the center of the surface of each of the test bodies 7 of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 having the above configurations, and the surface temperature of the test body 7 is The penetration time was measured while adjusting the temperature to about 1200 ° C. The "penetration" in this case was defined as the occurrence of cracks or smoke on the back surface.

The penetration times are shown in Table 1, and the results of this test show the following. Compared to Comparative Examples 3 and 4 in which the impregnation was performed, the Example has a significantly long penetration time as a whole, and the glass fiber 5 is used as the adhesive 4 between the wooden board materials (rawan veneer) 2 and 2. Excellent fire resistance can be obtained with a simple structure that only combines When using resorcinol as the adhesive 4, it is possible to obtain a longer penetration time as a whole and to obtain better fire resistance than using water-based vinyl urethane (Examples 1 to 5).
And comparison of 6-10). When the composite number of the glass fibers 5 is four, the penetration time is nearly doubled as compared with the case where the number is two, and the fire resistance is significantly improved (Examples 2, 3 and 7, 8). This is because the fire resistance is effectively exhibited by arranging the glass fibers 5 in multiple stages, so that cracks are less likely to occur and the cracks are smaller. If the fiber spacing of glass fiber 5 is 2.5 mm, 5.0 mm
And a better fire resistance is obtained (Examples 4, 5 and 9, 10).

Next, the comparative test 2 will be described with reference to Tables 2 and 3. In this comparative test 2, a fireproof door is assumed as the fireproof panel 1, and a test piece having a thickness of about 36 mm is used.
It produced by one of Examples 11-16, and performed two kinds of combustion tests.

[0029]

[Table 2]

[0030]

[Table 3]

As can be seen from Table 2, Examples 11-16
All of the fire-resistant panels 1 have a symmetrical structure on the front and back sides, and in order from the outside, consist of a 0.6 mm thick oak veneer (decorative veneer), a 0.55 mm thick phenol backer, and multiple lauan veneers. Has been done. The number and thickness of the Lauan veneer vary depending on the example, and the examples 14-16.
In, the central layer is composed of particle boards having different thicknesses. The glass fiber 5 is woven glass cloth,
All the adhesive layers 3 other than the adhesive layer 3 of the oak veneer and the phenol backer were compounded. As a result, the number of composite glass fibers 5 is as shown in Table 3. Moreover, the adhesive 4 used the resorcinol resin.

On the other hand, Comparative Examples 5 and 6 have exactly the same constructions as those of Examples 12 and 15 except that the glass fiber 5 is not compounded. Further, in Comparative Example 7, a 5.0 mm thick calcium silicate plate was provided on both sides of the central particle board having a thickness of 25.0 mm without using the Lauan veneer at all. Then, the penetration time (1) was measured by the same method as the comparative test 1, and the penetration time (2) was measured under the test conditions according to JIS A 1304.

The test results are shown in Table 3, and each of the examples in which the glass fiber 5 was compounded had the same penetration time (1) and (2) as compared with Comparative Examples 5 and 6 which were not compounded. Three
It is ~ 4 times or more, and it can be seen that the fire resistance performance is significantly improved. In particular, the penetration time (2) according to JIS A 1304 test conditions was extremely long at 84 to 127 minutes at a thickness of 36 mm, and it was found that extremely high fire resistance performance was obtained. In Comparative Example 7 using the calcium silicate plate,
Although a relatively long penetration time (2) of 76 minutes was obtained, it was confirmed that one of the calcium silicate plates was on the verge of falling off at the end of the test, and this is the case during an actual fire. It is envisaged that the falling of a solid board will lead to a very dangerous state.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and can be implemented in various modes. For example, the number and thickness of the plate materials are not limited to those shown in the examples, and can be appropriately changed according to the application of the fireproof panel, the required fireproof performance, and the like.

Further, in the embodiment, the glass fiber is interposed between the adjacent plate materials, and the adhesive surface of the plate material is coated with the adhesive to form a composite of the adhesive and the glass fiber. The method for forming this complex is arbitrary. For example, in the case of glass fibers such as woven glass cloth and glass braid, which have wide fiber intervals, it is not necessary to apply an adhesive to both plate materials sandwiching the glass fiber, and an adhesive agent is applied to one of the plate materials. The complex can be formed simply by applying. Alternatively, in the case of glass fibers such as glass woven cloth or glass braid with narrow fiber intervals or glass non-woven cloth, a prepreg obtained by impregnating glass fibers with an adhesive is sandwiched between plate materials. After that, by heating and pressurizing according to the impregnated adhesive,
Adhesion / lamination and formation of a composite may be performed without performing an adhesive coating operation. Furthermore, by using an adhesive agent in which monofilament of glass fiber is mixed, the composite effect may be obtained only by applying the adhesive agent. It is also possible to mix a flame retardant or the like into the adhesive. Besides, the detailed configuration can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036]

As described in detail above, the fireproof panel for building materials of the present invention has a very simple structure in which glass fibers are simply compounded in the adhesive layer between the wooden boards or between the wooden boards and other boards, It can be easily and efficiently manufactured without requiring large-scale equipment, a long time and a large space, does not generate harmful substances during manufacturing or combustion, and has high fire resistance performance. It has the effect that it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing the structure of a fireproof panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a method of a comparative test.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fireproof panel for building materials 2 Wood board material 3 Adhesive layer 4 Adhesive 5 Glass fiber

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Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A composite material comprising a plurality of wood boards or wood boards and boards made of other materials laminated and adhered to each other via an adhesion layer, wherein at least one of the adhesion layers is a composite of an adhesive and a glass fiber. Fireproof panel for building materials, characterized by being composed of. 2. The fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 1, wherein at least four or more adhesive layers are composed of the composite. 3. The plurality of wood boards are a single board, a solid board,
The refractory panel for building materials according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refractory panel for building materials is formed of any one of particle board, fiber board, plywood, and laminated wood, or a combination of two or more. 4. The fireproof panel for building material according to claim 1, wherein the other plate material is a plate material having a screw holding force. 5. The fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 1, wherein the glass fiber is made of glass cloth. 6. The fireproof panel for building materials according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is composed of one of a thermosetting resin and an aqueous polymeric isocyanate resin.