JPH08246570A - Ventilation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To effectively perform the ventilation of a building even at weak wind and rain with a constant intensity or under. CONSTITUTION: A box 18 for ventilation is fixed to the openings 11 and 11 made at the wall face 10 of a building, and an outward aperture 21 is provided at the front 19 of the box 18 for ventilation, and also an inward aperture 22 is provided at the section upper than the outward aperture 21, at the rear 20 of the box 18 for ventilation. A passage 39 for air is made between these outward opening 21 and the inward opening 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation structure, and more particularly to a ventilation structure for an attic of a building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a house having a gable roof, a ventilation structure for ventilating the attic has been constructed as shown in FIG. That is, the side wall rectangular openings 11 and 11 are provided in the wall portion 10 formed in a substantially isosceles triangular shape under the eaves of the gable roof 17 of a house or the like.
2 in the shape of a right-angled triangle whose opening is formed as an opening
Affix a sheet of non-combustible base material 12, 12 to the wall surface 10,
If the house is to be semi-fire proof, fire damper 1
3 and 13 are attached to the openings 11 and 11.

A louver 15 having the same contour shape as that of the frame 14 is fixed to a frame 14 having an isosceles triangular shape and having openings corresponding to the openings 11, 11. This gallery 15 frame 1
It is attached to the wall surface portion 10 via 4 to prevent rain from being blown in, and external air is allowed to flow in or out through the slit 16 of the gallery 15 and the openings 11 provided in the wall surface portion 10. Thus, the attic of the house is ventilated, and the wall surface portion 10 below the eave of the house is provided with a design accent by the louver 15 to ensure the appearance quality of the house.

However, in such a conventional ventilation structure, when the typhoon or other strong wind rain exceeds a predetermined amount, the rain penetrates into the house through the slits 16 of the louver 15 through the openings 11, 11 into the house. However, there is a problem that it is not sufficient as a ventilation structure for buildings such as houses. In addition, when the cross-sectional shape of the louver 15 is complicated, it is possible to effectively prevent the infiltration of rain to a certain extent, but when the cross-sectional shape of the louver 15 is complicated, There is a problem that the manufacturing cost of 15 increases.

On the other hand, when the outsides of the openings 11, 11 are covered with such a conventional louver 15, there is no choice in designing the outer wall portion 10 around the ventilation opening of the building, and the building is It also had a problem that it was difficult to improve the appearance quality. From this point of view, a technique for solving the above problems is described in Japanese Patent Information Agency (JAP).
Using the prior art search (Patris) of (IO), the following search formula was used to search for patent applications and utility model registration applications since 1980. Search formula: (1) E04F13 / 16D + E04D13 / 16E (2) E04D13 / 16D + E04B1 / 70 (3) E04B 1 / 70A (4) E04B 1 / 70B (5) E04B 1 / 70D (6) E04B 1 / 70E (7) E04D13 / 16F (8) E04D13 / 16G (9) E04D13 / 16L As a result of the above-mentioned investigation, 492 patent applications and 1059 utility model registration applications were extracted, but the corresponding technology did not exist.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the technical problem of the invention described in claim 1 is to provide a ventilation structure for a building which can effectively ventilate the building during wind and rain with a certain strength or less. To provide. In addition to the technical problem of the invention described in claim 1, the technical problem of the invention described in claims 2 and 3 is, in addition to the technical problem of the invention described in claim 1, a structure capable of automatically preventing rain from entering during a heavy rain such as a typhoon. It is to provide the ventilation structure of.

In addition to the technical problems of the inventions of claims 1, 2 and 3, the technical problem of the invention described in claim 4 is due to a neighboring fire or the like. When the temperature of the outer wall of an object reaches or exceeds a predetermined temperature, the inflow of air from the outside is automatically prevented.

[0008]

In order to solve such a technical problem, in the invention according to claim 1, a ventilation box body is provided in openings 11 and 11 formed in a wall surface portion 10 of a building. 1
8 is fixed, an outer opening 21 is provided in the front surface portion 19 of the ventilation box body 18, and a rear surface portion 20 of the ventilation box body 18 is provided at a site above the outer opening portion 21. An inner opening 22 is provided, and an air flow path 39 is formed between the outer opening 21 and the inner opening 22.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the ventilation box 18 is provided with a damper 23 which can shut off the air flow path 39 when a wind pressure of a certain level or more acts. It is characterized by being Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the ventilation box body 18 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and an outer opening 21 is formed between the bottom plate 42 and the front plate 24. In addition, an inner opening 22 is formed above the rear plate 25 between the upper plate 43 and the upper plate 43, the damper 23 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and the rear plate is formed at the upper end of the outer opening 21. While it is rotatably supported in 20 directions and hangs inside the outer opening 21, it is located between the front plate 24 and the rear plate 25 on the inner opening 22 side of the damper 23. A frame portion 35 to which the damper 23 can closely contact is provided, and the damper 23 causes the rear plate 2
It is characterized in that the air flow path 39 is cut off by rotating in five directions and coming into close contact with the frame portion 35.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4,
The damper 23 is characterized in that it is provided with a damper closing means 34 which is activated when the temperature of the ventilation box body exceeds a predetermined temperature.

[0011]

Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the air flows in through the outer opening 21 of the ventilation box 18, rises inside the ventilation box 18, and rises inward. Since a flow path 39 for air flowing into the building from is formed, the inside of the building is ventilated.

Further, since the inner opening 22 is provided above the outer opening 21, during normal wind and rain,
There is no possibility that rain will flow in along with wind from the outer opening 21 to the inner opening 22. In addition, in the invention of claim 2, in addition to the operation of the invention of claim 1, when the damper 23 blocks the air flow path 39, outside rain and wind flow into the interior of the building. Never blow.

Further, in the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the functions of the first and second aspects of the invention, the damper 23 has an upper end of the outer opening 21 of the ventilation box body 18. Since it is rotatably supported on the rear part in the direction of the back plate 20,
When the strength of the wind flowing in from the outer opening 21 becomes more than a certain level, the damper 23 rotates in the direction of the back plate 25,
The air flow path 39 between the outer opening 21 and the inner opening 22 is closed by closely contacting the frame portion 35 provided between the front plate 24 and the back plate 25.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, since the damper closing means 34 is attached to the damper 23, the temperature of the ventilation box body 18 is set to a predetermined value due to a fire in the vicinity. Damper 2 when the temperature exceeds
3 is closed automatically.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A ventilation structure according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, as an example, when the ventilation structure is applied under a house having a gable roof. It should be noted that the same members as those of the related art are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ventilation structure according to the present embodiment is applied to ventilation of the attic of a house 41 having a gable roof 17.

A metal ventilation box 18 is fixed to the openings 11, 11 formed in the wall portion 10 below the gable roof 17 of the house 41 via a waterproof packing material 33. The ventilation box body 18 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. An outer opening 21 is provided on a front surface portion 19 of the ventilation box body 18, and the outer side is formed on a back surface portion 20 of the ventilation box body 18. An inward opening 22 is provided at a position above the opening 21.

That is, in the present embodiment, the rectangular outer opening 21 is formed below the front plate 24 between the front plate 24 and the bottom plate 42, and the rear plate 25 is formed. A rectangular inner opening 22 smaller than the outer opening 21 is formed between the rear plate 25 and the upper plate 43 on the upper side. Then, between the outer opening 21 and the inner opening 22, the air flowing in from the outer opening 21 is
A flow path 39 for air that rises inside the ventilation box 18 and reaches the inward opening 22 is formed.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a punching metal plate 27 is fixed to the front surface of the outer opening 21 by screws 36 to prevent insects from entering, and covers the entire outer opening 21. ing. Further, although not shown in the present embodiment, a breathable decorative plate or the like having a design capable of improving the appearance quality of the house may be appropriately attached to the front surface of the ventilation box body 18. It is possible.

Further, the ventilation box 18 is provided with a damper 23 capable of blocking the air passage 39. The damper 23 is rotatably supported by the wind pressure inside the upper end of the outer opening 21, and blocks the air passage 39 when a wind pressure of a certain level or more acts. ing. The damper 23 is attached via the frame portion 35. The frame portion 35 is formed by bending and extending from the lower end portion of the front plate 24 to the inside of the ventilation box body 18, and has a substantially horizontal damper mounting portion 44 and a predetermined width along the side plate 37. It is provided with a damper abutting portion 45 that abuts when the damper 23 rotates due to wind pressure. A bent portion 38 is formed at a lower end portion of the damper abutting portion 45 and is welded to the rear plate 25 by welding. The rib 4 is fixed above the damper contact portion 45.
6 is formed.

The damper contact portion 45 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the damper 23 is disposed on the inner opening 22 side, and is inclined obliquely downward toward the back plate 25 along the inner side surface of the side plate 37 inside the ventilation box 18. Is provided. Further, an airtight material 31 made of urethane foam is attached over the entire surface of the frame portion 35 on the damper contact portion 45 and the bent portion 38 on the outer opening 21 side. It is configured so as to buffer when it rotates and strikes against the frame portion 35, and to secure airtightness with the damper 23.

The damper 23 is fixed to the damper mounting portion 44 via a hinge 29, and the hinge 29 is attached.
Is fixed to the damper mounting portion 44 with screws 32. The damper 23 is formed in a generally rectangular shape, has the same cross-sectional shape and width dimension as the cross-sectional shape and length dimension of the damper contact portion 45 of the frame portion 35, and also has a ventilation box body. It is formed to have a length dimension substantially the same as the width dimension of 18, and is rotatably supported in the direction of the back plate 25.

That is, the bent portion 2 has the same width dimension as the bent portion 38 of the frame portion 35 at the tip portion of the damper 23.
8 is formed, the hinge box 29 is rotated about the hinge 29 in the ventilation box 18, and the frame portion 3 is rotated by wind pressure.
When it collides with 5, the airtight material 31 of the frame 35
It is configured to be in close contact with the frame portion 35 via.

Further, the width dimension of the damper 23 is formed smaller than the height dimension of the outer opening portion 21, so that the damper 23 is substantially vertical due to its own weight in a windless state or in a weak wind condition below a certain wind force. When hanging down, a void 48 having a predetermined width is formed between the bottom end of the damper 23 and the bottom plate 42. Therefore, when the wind speed is 6 m / sec or less, or when there is almost no wind, the air outside the house 41 flows into the ventilation box 18 through the void 48,
The housing 4 passes through the inner opening 22 through the air flow path 39.
It flows into the attic of No.1. In this embodiment, the effective ventilation area of the ventilation box body 18 is about 200 cm ² .

Further, in the ventilation box body 18 according to the present embodiment, when the wind speed is 7 m / sec or more, the damper 23 is rotated by wind pressure and abuts against the frame portion 35 to contact the air. The flow path 39 is closed. Further, in the ventilation structure according to the present embodiment, the damper 23 is provided with the damper closing means 34 that operates when the temperature becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature.

In this embodiment, the damper closing means 3
4, one end of which is fixed to the back plate 25, and the damper 2
The coil spring 30 stretched in three directions and the other end of the coil spring 30 are fixed to the inner side surface of the ventilation box 18 on the side of the outer opening 21 of the damper 23 so that the coil spring 30 is pulled. While maintaining
When the temperature of the ventilation box body 18 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the tension state of the coil spring 30 is released, and the damper 23 is rotated in the direction of the back plate 25 by the restoring force of the coil spring 30. And a temperature fuse portion 26 that can be brought into contact with the frame portion 35.

A hook portion 47 is provided at one end of the coil spring 30 and an engaging portion 51 formed on the back plate 25.
, And a linear portion 49 is extended to the other end,
The end portion of the linear portion 49 is fixed to the side surface plate 37 via the temperature fuse portion 26. This temperature fuse unit 26
Is fixed to the side plate 37 at a portion located on the outer opening 21 side of the damper 23 when the damper 23 is in the lowermost position in a substantially vertical state, and is installed in the thermal fuse portion 26. A damper engaging portion 52 is provided which engages with the outer opening 21 side of the damper 23 and rotates the damper 23 in the direction of the back plate 25 when the thermal fuse is melted at a constant temperature.

Further, the straight portion 49 of the coil spring 30 is arranged so as to penetrate through the small hole 53 formed in the frame portion 35 and the slit 50 provided in the damper 23, and as a result, in the normal state, the damper is formed. When the wind turbine 23 is rotated by wind pressure, the damper 23 is
It is configured to reciprocate between nine. Hereinafter, the operation of the ventilation structure according to this embodiment will be described.

In the case of almost no wind, as described above, the damper 23 is hung substantially vertically due to its own weight, and a gap 48 having a predetermined width is formed between the lower end of the damper 23 and the bottom plate 42. It When the wind speed is 6 m / sec or less, the damper 23 is slightly rotated by the wind pressure about the hinge 29, but the lower end portion of the damper 23 is the bottom plate 42 as in the windless state. A void portion 48 having a predetermined width is formed between them.

Therefore, the outside of the house has almost no wind or the wind speed is 6 per second.
In the case of a breeze of m or less, the air outside the house 41 flows into the ventilation box 18 through the voids 48, rises in the air flow path 39, and passes through the inward opening 22 to the house. It flows into the attic of No. 41. As a result, an air flow path 39 is formed between the outer opening 21 and the inner opening 22, and the attic of the house 41 is ventilated.

Further, even when it is raining in a substantially no wind or the above-mentioned slight breeze, the inner opening 22 is provided above the outer opening 21 and the outer opening 2 is provided.
The damper 23 covers the upper half or more of the height direction of 1, and the gap 48 into which air flows and the inner opening 21 are:
Since they are widely separated in the height direction, the outer opening 2
Rain does not reach the inward opening 22 from the void 48 formed in No. 1 and blow into the attic.

On the other hand, when the wind speed is 7 m / s or more, the damper 23 is rotated around the hinge 29 in the direction of the back plate 25 by the wind pressure, and the frame portion 35 is provided with the airtight material 31 therebetween. Make a collision. Damper 23 is airtight material 31
In the case where the damper 23 collides with the frame portion 35 through the damper 23, the damper 23 completely closes the air flow path 39, so that it is possible to prevent the rain from blowing into the wind during strong wind and rain.

Further, for example, when a fire occurs in the vicinity of the house and the temperature of the ventilation box body 18 exceeds a predetermined temperature, the temperature fuse incorporated in the temperature fuse portion 26 is blown, The tensioned state of the coil spring 30 is released. As a result, the coil spring 30 returns to the compressed state, and the damper 23 causes the damper locking portion 52 of the thermal fuse portion 26 to be compressed by the compressive force of the coil spring 30.
Is instantaneously rotated around the hinge 29 in the direction of the back plate 25, and abuts against the frame portion 35 via the airtight material 31.

As a result, the air flow path 39 is formed in the damper 23.
Completely shut off due to fire, and even if there is a fire in a nearby house,
It is possible to prevent the inflow of flame from the ventilation port.
Further, as described above, in the ventilation structure according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to fix the louver to the front surface of the ventilation opening formed in the wall surface to form the ventilation part, unlike the conventional case. On the front surface of the ventilation box body 18, it is possible to appropriately attach a breathable decorative plate or the like having a design that can improve the appearance quality of the house, and enhance the selectivity of the design of the outer wall of the house. It is possible to improve the appearance quality of the house.

Further, in the ventilation structure according to the present embodiment, the damper 23 has both the function of a shutter for intruding and excluding wind and rain in a certain amount of wind and rain and the function as a fireproof damper, so that the house is semi-fireproof. In the case of specifications, it is not necessary to separately install a fireproof damper as in the conventional case, and it is sufficient to prepare the ventilation box body 18 in advance, which simplifies the construction work on site and reduces the construction cost. Can be achieved.

In this embodiment, the damper 23
Is rotatably provided by the hinge 29, and the case where the damper 23 abuts the frame portion 35 to close the air passage 39 when the wind pressure of a certain level or more acts is described as an example. However, it is not limited to this, and may be configured to close the air flow path when a constant wind pressure is applied.

Further, in this embodiment, the damper closing means 34 includes the coil spring 30 and the thermal fuse portion 2.
Although the case of being constituted by 6 has been described as an example, the concrete constitution of the damper closing means is not limited to the above embodiment. Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied to a house has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be applied to other buildings other than the house. .

In the present embodiment, the case where the ventilation structure according to the present invention is applied to the ventilation of the attic of a building has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and is applied to ventilation other than the attic. It is also possible.

[0038]

Since the invention described in claim 1 has the above-mentioned constitution, it is possible to effectively ventilate the building even in the case of weak wind and rain of a certain strength or less. Play. Further, since it is not necessary to fix the galleries to the outside of the ventilation port, it is possible to freely select a design to be applied to the ventilation portion of the outer wall portion of the building and further improve the appearance quality of the building.

According to the invention described in claims 2 and 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to automatically prevent the intrusion of rain into the structure during strong wind and rain such as a typhoon.
This has the effect. Moreover, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, the technical problem of the invention of claim 4 is that when the external temperature of the building reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. In addition, it is possible to automatically prevent the inflow of air from the outside, and even when a fire occurs in the vicinity, it is possible to prevent the flame from entering the building through the ventilation port.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a ventilation box body used in a ventilation structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a simplified state in which a ventilation box used in the ventilation structure according to the present invention is fixed to a house having a gable roof.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing an embodiment of a ventilation box body used in the ventilation structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a ventilation structure of a building having a conventional gable roof.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Wall Surfaces 11 Openings 12 Non-combustible Base Materials 13 Fire Protection Dampers 14 Frames 15 Lures 16 Slits 17 Gable Roofs 18 Ventilation Boxes 19 Fronts 20 Backs 21 Outer Openings 22 Inner Openings 23 Dampers 24 Front Plates 25 Back Face plate 26 Thermal fuse part 27 Punching metal plate 28 Bent part 29 Hinge 30 Coil spring (spring) 31 Airtight material 32 Screw 33 Waterproof packing material 34 Damper closing means 35 Frame part 36 Screw 37 Side plate 38 Bent part 39 Air Flow path 40 Void 41 Housing 42 Bottom plate 43 Top plate 44 Damper mounting part 45 Damper abutting part 46 Rib 47 Hook 48 Vacancy 49 Straight part 50 Slit 51 Locking part 52 Damper engaging part 53 Small hole

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Ichinoseki, Iwate Prefecture, Kameda 143, Samura Breath Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A ventilation box is fixed to an opening formed in a wall surface of a building, an outer opening is provided on a front surface of the ventilation box, and a back surface of the ventilation box is provided. The inner opening is provided in the portion above the outer opening, and an air flow path is formed between the outer opening and the inner opening. Ventilation structure to do. 2. The ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation box body is provided with a damper capable of blocking a flow path of the air when a wind pressure of a certain level or more acts. 3. The ventilation box is formed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, the outer opening is formed between the bottom plate and a front plate below the front plate, and the upper plate above the back plate. The inner opening is formed between the outer opening and the damper, and the damper is formed in a substantially rectangular shape as a whole, and is rotatably supported by the upper end of the outer opening so as to be rotatable in the direction of the rear plate. While hanging inward, between the front plate and the rear plate, a frame portion to which the damper can closely contact is provided on the inner opening side of the damper, and the damper moves toward the rear plate by wind pressure. The ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ventilation structure is configured so as to be turned and brought into close contact with the frame portion to block the flow path of the air. 4. The ventilation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the damper is provided with a damper closing means that operates when the temperature of the ventilation box body exceeds a predetermined temperature. Construction.