JPH08245997A - Production of soap raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To economically obtain a soap raw material having improved foaming performances in a high-temperature to low-temperature region, having improved dissolution and collapse and hardening during low-temperature preservation by blending a coconut oil-based compound with a partially hydrogenated beef tallow-based compound, etc. CONSTITUTION: This raw material is obtained by blending (A) (i) a coconut oil or a fatty acid ester of the coconut oil and a 1-4C alcohol and/or (ii) a palm kernel oil (decomposed fatty acid) or a fatty acid ester of the coconut oil and the 1-4C alcohol with (B) (i) a partially hydrogenated beef tallow (decomposed fatty acid) or a fatty acid ester of the coconut oil and the 1-4C alcohol and/or (ii) a hydrogenated palm stearin oil (decomposed fatty acid) or a fatty acid ester of the coconut oil and the 1-4C alcohol preferably in the weight ratio of the component A:B of 20:80 to 80:20 (especially 20:80 to 65-35).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a soap raw material used in the production of soap which has good foam performance in both high and low temperature ranges, and which is improved not only in dissolution but also in curing at low temperature storage. The present invention relates to a method for producing a soap raw material that can be economically obtained at low cost.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Soap bases used in bar soaps are generally palm stearin or palm obtained by fractionating natural oils such as beef tallow, lard, fish oil, palm oil, palm oil. Olein, soybean oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil and other animal and vegetable fats and oils as a raw material, either directly or via a fatty acid or lower alcohol ester, neutral oil saponification method, fatty acid neutralization method, ester saponification method Manufactured by either method. Soap base thus obtained, perfumes and colorants, glycerin, it is widely performed to obtain soap by blending auxiliary components such as EDTA, by these auxiliary components, the foam performance of the soap, Attempts have been made to improve storage stability.

However, it goes without saying that the performance of soap is greatly affected by the carbon number of the fatty acid or fatty acid salt contained in the soap base and the number of unsaturated bonds thereof. As the simplest method of adjusting the composition of the soap base, a method of arbitrarily mixing the above-mentioned two or more kinds of natural oils or decomposed fatty acids thereof or esters thereof is known. Beef tallow, coconut oil, palm kernel A method in which oil and palm stearin oil, or their decomposed fatty acids or their fatty acid esters are mixed is often used. Further, as a method of adjusting this composition, from the viewpoint of odor improvement, a method for producing a soap in which linoleic acid is reduced by hydrogenation (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-222394), in view of dissolution and foam performance, the carbon number is A soap composition in which the total content of a fatty acid salt having 18 or more carbon-carbon double bonds and a fatty acid salt component having 16 carbon atoms and having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds is defined (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-42 No. 117497, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-240300), cosmetic soaps (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-200298) and the like in which the composition ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms and the oleic acid content are defined.

In such a soap, the method of adjusting the number of unsaturated bonds of the fatty acid or fatty acid salt in the soap base is extremely important in the production of soap. Regarding the raw material to be hydrogenated with an ester, methods such as fractional distillation, fractionation, and hydrogenation are well known, but JP-A-6-240300 discloses only such a normal adjustment method. In addition, in each of JP-A-4-117497 and JP-A-6-200298, the carbon number is
A method has been disclosed in which 18 fatty acids are separated and then mixed in a required amount again, or separately mixed, but these methods are not sufficient because of problems of ease of production and production cost.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a soap raw material which is used in the production of soap having good foaming performance in both high temperature and low temperature regions and improved not only dissolution collapse but also curing at low temperature storage. It is to provide a method for producing a soap raw material that can be obtained economically and inexpensively.

[0006]

The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive research to solve the above problems. That is, in the present invention, at least one selected from the group (A) shown below and at least one selected from the group (B) are mixed after at least partial hydrogenation of the group (B). A method for producing a characteristic soap raw material is provided.

Group (A): a group consisting of: coconut oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof, or a fatty acid ester of coconut oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof and a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Palm kernel oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof, or palm Fatty acid ester of kernel oil or its decomposed fatty acid and lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (B) Group: the group consisting of: Beef tallow or its decomposed fatty acid, or beef tallow or its decomposed fatty acid and lower alcohol of 1 to 4 carbon atoms Fatty acid ester of palm stearin oil or its decomposed fatty acid, or fatty acid ester of palm stearin oil or its decomposed fatty acid and a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms The fat and oil raw material of the present invention is selected from the above group (A) At least one kind and at least one kind selected from the group (B) are used, but the effect of the present invention Within a range that does not impair,
Other natural fats and oils, for example, animal and vegetable fats and oils such as lard, fish oil, palm oil, palm olein obtained by fractionating palm oil, soybean oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil and the like may be used in combination.

In the present invention, at least one selected from the group (A) and at least one selected from the group (B) are mixed after at least partial hydrogenation of the group (B).
This partial hydrogenation may be carried out with any of oils and fats, decomposed fatty acids or fatty acid esters thereof, and fatty acids are particularly preferable. In the following partial hydrogenation, a fatty acid is shown as a partial hydrogenation raw material, but the same can be applied to fats and oils and fatty acid esters.

The partial hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a catalyst in a hydrogen atmosphere, and the catalysts include Ni-based, Cu-based, Pt and R
u, a catalyst containing at least one metal selected from the group of Pd platinum group catalyst is used, preferably Ni-based,
Cu-based, and more preferably Cu-based. Incidentally, these metals may be supported on a carrier such as activated carbon, silica or alumina. The catalyst amount is 0.001 to 2% by weight (based on fatty acid),
Reaction temperature is room temperature to 230 ℃, hydrogen pressure is normal pressure to 200 kg / cm
² G is good.

In the present invention, at least one kind selected from the group (A) and at least one kind selected from the group (B) are mixed at least after partial hydrogenation of the group (B), and the mixing ratio is In terms of weight ratio, (A) :( B) = 20: 80 to 80:20 is preferable, and 20:80 to 65:35 is more preferable. Further, the degree of partial hydrogenation in the present invention may be appropriately selected depending on the degree of performance required, but as an example, the total constituent fatty acids of the mixture have 18 carbon atoms and a carbon-carbon double bond. It is preferable that the content of the constituent fatty acid having two or more bonds is more than 2% by weight and 6% by weight or less, preferably more than 2% by weight and 4% by weight or less.

In the present invention, in the partial hydrogenation as described above, the fatty acids of each of the (A) group and the (B) group are separately partially hydrogenated and then mixed together. It is not necessary to carry out partial hydrogenation, and at least the fatty acids of group (B) can be partially hydrogenated and then mixed with any uncured fatty acid of group (A). When this mixture is used as a soap raw material, it may be distilled. Further, when it is considered that there is a problem with the odor when used as soap, low boiling substances during distillation may be removed.

In the method of the present invention, since the partial hydrogenation step is carried out separately for the groups (A) and (B), a partial hydrogenation catalyst suitable for each fatty acid can be used, and hydrogen It became possible to omit the chemical conversion step. Also, (A) group,
Since a fatty acid selected from the group (B) can be arbitrarily mixed, various adjustments such as the composition of the alkyl chain length and the number of unsaturated bonds can be made.Furthermore, suitable partial hydrogen including the omission of partial hydrogenation can be achieved. Since the use of the deoxidized catalyst, the cost of the catalyst can be greatly reduced. For example, a Cu-based catalyst has a high selective hydrogenation capacity, but is poisoned by a fatty acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms, and does not exhibit a sufficient function for hydrogenating a mixed fatty acid. On the other hand, Ni-based catalysts have high hydrogenation capacity but low selectivity.Since all polyunsaturated acids are hydrogenated to saturated acids, accurate adjustment of the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids containing many polyunsaturated acids is required. It is not preferable when it is not. In addition, this partial hydrogenation is extremely effective for a raw material having many unsaturated bonds. That is, partial hydrogenation is necessary for the above group (B), but partial hydrogenation is not necessarily required for the group (A). In particular, regarding palm oil and fatty acids and fatty acid esters derived therefrom, it may be better not to carry out partial hydrogenation.

To produce a solid soap using the soap raw material obtained by the method of the present invention, the soap raw material is saponified or neutralized by a neutral oil saponification method, a fatty acid neutralization method, an ester saponification method or the like. After obtaining the soap base by the method, it is selected from (a) 1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonate, (b) oxalic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and salts thereof.
It suffices to add one or two or more components (c) higher fatty acid and the like. That is, for example, first, those selected from the above groups (A) and (B) are fats or oils, or the transesterification of these fats and oils with a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or the decomposed fatty acid of these fats and oils and the carbon number of 1 In the case of fatty acid esters obtained by esterification with lower alcohols of
The soap raw material obtained by the method of the present invention is saponified with at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides such as caustic soda and alkanolamines having a total carbon number of 2 to 9 to produce a soap base. Further, when the one selected from the above (A) group and (B) group is a decomposed fatty acid of fats and oils, the soap raw material obtained by the method of the present invention is caustic potash, alkali metal hydroxide such as caustic soda and A soap base is manufactured by neutralizing with at least one selected from the group consisting of alkanolamines having 2 to 9 carbon atoms. Next, this soap base is mixed with one or more kinds selected from (a) 1-hydroxy-ethane-1,1-diphosphonate, (b) oxalic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and salts thereof, ( c) A solid soap is obtained by adding and mixing higher fatty acid and various additives, and kneading, extruding and stamping. In the case of liquid soap, steps such as kneading, extrusion and stamping can be omitted.

[0014]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples,% is based on weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 Purified (RBD) palm kernel-decomposing fatty acid (iodine value (abbreviated as IV hereinafter) = 15) (hereinafter abbreviated as palm kernel fatty acid)
0.5% to ² kg / cm ² G hydrogen pressure, 170 to 190 ° C. in the presence of 0.2% (based on fatty acid, hereinafter, catalyst amount is all% of fatty acid) Ni-based catalyst (activated, same below) Hydrogenation was carried out at the reaction temperature, and the reaction was stopped at IV = 7 to obtain a partially hydrogenated palm nucleus fatty acid. On the other hand, RBD palm stearin-decomposed fatty acid (IV = 41) (hereinafter abbreviated as palm stearin fatty acid) in the presence of 0.3% Cu-based catalyst (activated under normal pressure hydrogen atmosphere, the same applies below) 3-4 kg / Hydrogenation was carried out at a hydrogen pressure of cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 200 ° C, and IV =
The reaction was stopped at 37, and partially hydrogenated palm stearin fatty acid was obtained. The two types of partially hydrogenated fatty acids thus obtained were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50, and from this mixed fatty acid,
The first fraction was removed by distillation to obtain a fraction, which was used as a soap raw material.

Example 2 Palm stearic fatty acid (IV = 41) was hydrogenated in the presence of 0.3% Cu-based catalyst at a hydrogen pressure of 3 to 4 kg / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 200 ° C., and IV = The reaction was stopped at 37, and partially hydrogenated palm stearin fatty acid was obtained. The partially hydrogenated palm stearin fatty acid and the palm kernel fatty acid were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50, and a fraction obtained after removing the initial fraction by distillation from this mixed fatty acid was used as a soap raw material.

Example 3 Palm stearin fatty acid (IV = 41) was hydrogenated in the presence of 0.3% Cu-based catalyst at a hydrogen pressure of 3-4 kg / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170-200 ° C., and IV = 37. The reaction was stopped at to obtain partially hydrogenated palm stearin fatty acid. This partially hydrogenated palm stearin fatty acid and coconut decomposed fatty acid (hereinafter abbreviated as coconut fatty acid) were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50, and a fraction obtained after removing the initial distillation by distillation from this mixed fatty acid, This was used as a soap raw material.

Example 4 Palm kernel fatty acid (IV = 15) was added in the presence of 0.2% Ni-based catalyst.
Hydrogenation was carried out at a hydrogen pressure of 0.5 to ² kg / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 190 ° C., and the reaction was stopped at IV = 7 to obtain partially hydrogenated palm nucleus fatty acid. On the other hand, beef tallow-decomposed fatty acids (IV = 52) (hereinafter abbreviated as beef tallow fatty acids) were hydrogenated in the presence of 0.3% Cu catalyst at a hydrogen pressure of 3 to 4 kg / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 200 ° C. The reaction was stopped at IV = 45 to obtain partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid. The two kinds of partially hydrogenated fatty acids thus obtained were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50, and a fraction after removal of the initial distillation by distillation was obtained from this mixed fatty acid, which was used as a soap raw material. .

Example 5 Beef tallow fatty acid (IV = 52) was added in an amount of 3 to 4 k in the presence of 0.3% Cu-based catalyst.
Hydrogenation was performed at a hydrogen pressure of g / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 200 ° C., the reaction was stopped at IV = 45, and partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid was obtained. The partially hydrogenated beef tallow fatty acid and the coconut fatty acid were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50, and a fraction obtained after removing the initial fraction by distillation from the mixed fatty acid was used as a soap raw material.

Comparative Example 1 Palm kernel fatty acid (IV = 15) and palm stearin fatty acid (IV = 41) were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50. This mixed fatty acid is hydrogenated in the presence of 0.2% Ni-based catalyst at a hydrogen pressure of 0.5 to ² kg / cm ² G and a reaction temperature of 170 to 190 ° C., the reaction is stopped at IV = 18, and the partially hydrogenated fatty acid is Obtained. From this partially hydrogenated fatty acid, a fraction after removing the initial fraction by distillation is obtained,
This was used as a soap raw material.

Comparative Example 2 Palm kernel fatty acid (IV = 15) and palm stearin fatty acid (IV = 41) were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50. This mixed fatty acid was mixed with 0.3% Cu-based catalyst in the presence of 3-4 kg / cm ² G hydrogen pressure,
Hydrogenation was carried out at a reaction temperature of 170-200 ° C, but the IV only dropped to 26. From this partially hydrogenated fatty acid, a fraction after removing the initial fraction by distillation was obtained and used as a soap raw material.

Comparative Example 3 Palm kernel fatty acid (IV = 15) and palm stearin fatty acid (IV = 41) were mixed at a weight ratio of 50/50. From this fatty acid, a fraction after removing the initial fraction by distillation was obtained and used as a soap raw material.

Test Example Using the soap raw materials obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the soap raw material was neutralized by a fatty acid neutralization method to obtain a soap base. From this base, a solid soap was prepared by a usual method. Manufactured. The following tests were performed on the obtained solid soap. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, in the total constituent fatty acids of the soap raw materials obtained in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the content of constituent fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms and two or more carbon-carbon double bonds is also included. Shown in Table 1.

<Test method> Hand-washed by 10 panelists in normal temperature bubbling 25 ° C running water,
It was judged according to the following criteria. A. Very good foaming B. C. slightly foaming Foam does not change D. Poor foaming Low temperature foaming Hand wash with running water of 10 ℃ by 10 panelists,
It was judged according to the following criteria. a. Very foamy b. Somewhat good foaming c. Foam does not change d. Poor foaming Disintegration Break the solid soap into 1 cm x 1 cm x 5 cm prisms, immerse them in tap water at 25 ° C for 4 hours, and visually check the pulled up state.
It was judged according to the following criteria. 1. Almost no meltdown 2. There is a slight meltdown. There is a slight meltdown 4. There is considerable dissolution collapse. Foaming during low temperature storage Hand wash with 10 ℃ water and store at 0 ℃ for 24 hours. This was repeated for 3 weeks, and the foaming after 3 weeks was judged according to the following criteria. I. No change compared to 3 weeks ago II. Almost no change compared to 3 weeks ago III. Slight decrease in foaming compared to 3 weeks ago IV. Significant decrease in foaming compared to 3 weeks ago

[0025]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the soap obtained from the raw material of Comparative Example 1 has poor foaming performance at low temperatures. In addition, the soaps obtained from the raw materials of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are easily dissolved and the foaming at room temperature is worse than that of the products of the present invention. On the other hand, the soaps obtained from the raw materials of Examples 1 to 5 have good foaming performance at room temperature and low temperature, and are unlikely to melt and collapse.
Nos. 3 and 5 have a small amount of catalyst during production and are favorable in terms of cost.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. At least one selected from the group (A) and at least one selected from the group (B) shown below are mixed after at least partial hydrogenation of the group (B). The method of manufacturing soap raw materials. (A) Group: a group consisting of: coconut oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof, or a fatty acid ester of coconut oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof and a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, palm kernel oil or a decomposed fatty acid thereof, or palm kernel oil or Fatty acid ester of the decomposed fatty acid and a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (B) Group: the group consisting of: Beef tallow or its decomposed fatty acid, or fatty acid of beef tallow or its decomposed fatty acid and a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Ester Palm stearin oil or its decomposed fatty acid, or fatty acid ester of palm stearin oil or its decomposed fatty acid with lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms 2. At least one member selected from the group (A),
(B) at least one selected from the group
The mixing ratio at the time of mixing after partially hydrogenating the group (B) is
The method for producing a soap raw material according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio is (A) :( B) = 20: 80 to 80:20.