JPH08220949A - Electrophotographic device - Google Patents
Electrophotographic deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08220949A JPH08220949A JP7050341A JP5034195A JPH08220949A JP H08220949 A JPH08220949 A JP H08220949A JP 7050341 A JP7050341 A JP 7050341A JP 5034195 A JP5034195 A JP 5034195A JP H08220949 A JPH08220949 A JP H08220949A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoreceptor
- photosensitive layer
- life
- polishing
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電子写真装置、詳細には
感光体の寿命を測定し、かつ、表示できる電子写真装置
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic apparatus, and more particularly to an electrophotographic apparatus capable of measuring and displaying the life of a photoreceptor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、電子写真感光体の寿命を自から管
理する電子写真装置に関して種々の提案がなされてい
る。例えば、特公昭６３−４９２２７号公報において
は、感光体の疲労度を表示する尺度として複写回数が用
いられている。しかしながら、複写時の複写サイズ、複
写モード等の違いにより同一複写枚数でも感光体の疲労
度が異なるため、複写回数では感光体の寿命を的確に表
示することはできない。また、実公平２−３８２９０号
公報には感光体の寿命測定に使用するカウンタのリセッ
ト機構に関して記載されているが、感光体の寿命測定に
おいては前記特公昭６３−４９２２７号公報と同様な不
確実性を有する。また、特開平５−１８８６０３号公報
には、感光体ドラムを構成するキャリア輸送層（ＣＴ
Ｌ）を該ドラムの端部で２層以上の色調の異なる層状に
形成し、ドラム表面がクリーナ手段や現像部との接触に
より削られてゆき、ＣＴＬの厚みが感光体の寿命の限界
に達すると、重ね合わせた下側の別の色の層が現れてく
るような層厚に予め設定しておくことにより感光体寿命
を判断するものが記載されている。しかしながら、感光
体ドラムの端部に色調の異なる層を設けた後、ＣＴＬを
設けると色調の異なる層があるため端部では他の部分と
同じ膜厚にＣＴＬを塗工することが困難となる。そのた
め摩耗量が他の部分と一致しなくなるばかりでなく感光
体のコストアップは避けられない。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various proposals have been made regarding an electrophotographic apparatus which manages the life of an electrophotographic photosensitive member. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-49227, the number of times of copying is used as a scale for displaying the degree of fatigue of the photoconductor. However, the life of the photoconductor cannot be accurately displayed on the basis of the number of times of copying because the fatigue level of the photoconductor varies depending on the number of copies, due to the difference in copy size and copy mode during copying. Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-38290 discloses a reset mechanism of a counter used for measuring the life of the photoconductor, but in measuring the life of the photoconductor, the same uncertainty as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-49227 is used. Have sex. Further, JP-A-5-188603 discloses that a carrier transport layer (CT
L) is formed into two or more layers having different color tones at the end of the drum, and the surface of the drum is scraped by contact with the cleaner means and the developing section, and the CTL thickness reaches the limit of the life of the photoconductor. Then, it is described that the life of the photoconductor is judged by setting the layer thickness in advance so that a layer of another color on the lower side which is superposed appears. However, if the CTL is provided after the layer having the different color tones is provided at the end portion of the photosensitive drum, it is difficult to apply the CTL to the same thickness as the other portion at the end portion because the layer having the different color tone exists. . Therefore, not only the amount of wear does not coincide with other parts, but also the cost of the photoconductor is inevitably increased.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は電子写真感光
体の寿命を自ら的確に測定し、かつ、表示しうる電子写
真装置を得ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to obtain an electrophotographic apparatus capable of accurately measuring and displaying the life of an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、第一
に、円筒状またはベルト状感光体の感光層の非画像形成
部の同一周回面上に感光層研磨手段および感光体寿命表
示装置と接続し、かつ、前記非画像形成部表面と当接す
る電極を設けた電子写真装置であって、前記研磨手段は
感光体の周回により前記非画像形成部表面を下記当接圧
にて研磨し、また、前記電極は前記研磨により露出した
感光体支持体との接触により前記感光体寿命装置に前記
接触を知らせるとともに感光体の寿命を表示させること
を特徴とする電子写真装置が提供される。 研磨手段の当接圧：感光層が摩耗により感光層膜厚の下
限に達したとき、上記非画像形成部の感光層膜厚がゼロ
となる圧力 第二に、上記第一に記載した電子写真装置において、前
記研磨手段が感光体の周回方向において、クリーニング
ユニットの上流側に設けられていることを電子写真装置
が提供される。第三に、上記第一に記載した電子写真装
置において、前記研磨手段が感光体の回りに配設された
クリーニングユニットまたは現像ユニットの端部シール
を兼ねることを特徴とする電子写真装置が提供される。According to the present invention, firstly, a photosensitive layer polishing means and a photoreceptor life display device are provided on the same orbiting surface of a non-image forming portion of a photosensitive layer of a cylindrical or belt-shaped photoreceptor. An electrophotographic apparatus provided with an electrode that is connected to the surface of the non-image forming portion and is in contact with the surface of the non-image forming portion, wherein the polishing means polishes the surface of the non-image forming portion by the following contact pressure by orbiting a photoreceptor. Further, there is provided an electrophotographic apparatus characterized in that the electrode contacts the photoreceptor support exposed by the polishing to inform the photoreceptor life device of the contact and to display the photoreceptor life. Contact pressure of polishing means: Pressure at which the thickness of the photosensitive layer in the non-image forming portion becomes zero when the lower limit of the thickness of the photosensitive layer is reached due to abrasion of the photosensitive layer. Second, the electrophotography described in the first. In the apparatus, the electrophotographic apparatus is provided in which the polishing means is provided on the upstream side of the cleaning unit in the circumferential direction of the photoconductor. Thirdly, in the electrophotographic apparatus described in the above first, there is provided an electrophotographic apparatus characterized in that the polishing means also functions as an end seal of a cleaning unit or a developing unit arranged around the photoconductor. It
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】上記するように本発明においては、感光体の感
光層の非画像形成部の同一周回面上に感光層研磨手段お
よび感光体寿命表示装置と接続し、かつ、前記非画像形
成部表面と当接する電極を設けた構成としたことから、
感光体の周回により前記研磨手段により感光層の非画像
形成部表面が研磨され支持体表面が露出すると研磨手段
と同一周回面上に設けられている電極が支持体表面に接
触し、それを感光体寿命表示装置に伝達し、さらに感光
体寿命装置はそれを表示するので感光体の寿命を的確に
捉え、かつ、表示することができる。上記構成において
研磨手段の当接圧は、感光層の摩耗によリ感光層の膜厚
が下限に達したとき、研磨部（感光層の非画像形成部）
の感光層膜厚がゼロとなり支持体が露出するように設定
されているため、感光層の摩耗量に比例して非画像形成
部の感光層が研磨され、感光層の摩耗量が一定値に達し
たとき電極が支持体と接触し感光体寿命を的確に表示す
る。As described above, in the present invention, the photosensitive layer polishing means and the photosensitive member life indicating device are connected on the same orbiting surface of the non-image forming portion of the photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor, and the surface of the non-image forming portion is connected. Since the electrode is provided so as to contact with,
When the surface of the non-image forming part of the photosensitive layer is abraded by the aforesaid polishing means by the rotation of the photoreceptor and the surface of the support is exposed, the electrode provided on the same orbiting surface as the polishing means contacts the surface of the support and exposes Since it is transmitted to the body life display device and is further displayed by the photoconductor life display device, the life of the photoconductor can be accurately captured and displayed. In the above configuration, the contact pressure of the polishing means is such that when the thickness of the photosensitive layer reaches the lower limit due to abrasion of the photosensitive layer, the polishing portion (non-image forming portion of the photosensitive layer)
Since the thickness of the photosensitive layer is set to zero and the support is exposed, the photosensitive layer in the non-image forming area is polished in proportion to the abrasion amount of the photosensitive layer, and the abrasion amount of the photosensitive layer becomes a constant value. When reached, the electrode comes into contact with the support to accurately indicate the life of the photoreceptor.
【０００６】さらに、前記研磨手段を感光体の周回方向
において、クリーニングユニットの上流側に設けると研
磨により削りとられた感光層の微粉を未転写トナーとと
もにクリーニングすることができる。また、前記研磨手
段をクリーニンユニットまたは現像ユニットの端部に設
ければ端部シールを兼ねられる。Further, if the polishing means is provided on the upstream side of the cleaning unit in the circumferential direction of the photosensitive member, fine particles of the photosensitive layer scraped off by polishing can be cleaned together with the untransferred toner. If the polishing means is provided at the end of the cleaning unit or the developing unit, it can also serve as an end seal.
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】以下に本発明を実施例により詳細に説明す
る。図１は本発明の電子写真装置の要部の概略図であ
る。図において、１は感光体、２は支持体、３は感光
層、４は研磨手段、５は電極、６は感光体寿命表示装置
である。図１に示されるように導電性支持体２上に設け
られた感光層３の非画像形成部の同一周回面上に研磨手
段４および電極５が設けられている。電極５は感光体寿
命表示装置６に接続されている。研磨手段４は感光体１
の矢印方向への周回により感光層３の非画像形成部を研
磨する。感光体寿命表示装置６は電極５が支持体２に接
触することにより感光体の寿命を表示する（図５参
照）。The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main part of an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a photoreceptor, 2 is a support, 3 is a photosensitive layer, 4 is a polishing means, 5 is an electrode, and 6 is a photoreceptor life display device. As shown in FIG. 1, the polishing means 4 and the electrode 5 are provided on the same orbiting surface of the non-image forming part of the photosensitive layer 3 provided on the conductive support 2. The electrode 5 is connected to the photoreceptor life display device 6. The polishing means 4 is the photoconductor 1.
The non-image forming portion of the photosensitive layer 3 is polished by rotating in the direction of arrow. The photoreceptor life display device 6 displays the life of the photoreceptor when the electrode 5 contacts the support 2 (see FIG. 5).
【０００８】図２は研磨手段として研磨ブレード４１を
用い、これをクリーニングブレード７の上流側（感光体
の周回方向における）の辺縁部に設けた構成を示す要部
斜視図である。研磨ブレード４１はプレード保持部材８
に取り付けた押さえ板９および加圧バネ１０により感光
層３に当接するように構成されている。研磨ブレード４
１の当接圧は感光層３および研磨ブレード４１の材質、
画像形成部の感光層３の摩耗量に応じて３０〜２５０ｇ
／ｃｍ2に設定される。このような構成によれば研磨ブ
レード４１による研磨により削られた感光層の微粉や感
光体表面の未転写ドナーはクリーニングブレード７によ
りクリーニングされる。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an essential part showing a structure in which a polishing blade 41 is used as a polishing means, and the polishing blade 41 is provided on the upstream side (in the circumferential direction of the photoconductor) of the cleaning blade 7. The polishing blade 41 is the blade holding member 8
The pressing plate 9 and the pressure spring 10 attached to the above are configured to contact the photosensitive layer 3. Polishing blade 4
The contact pressure of 1 is the material of the photosensitive layer 3 and the polishing blade 41,
30 to 250 g depending on the amount of abrasion of the photosensitive layer 3 of the image forming portion
/ Cm 2 is set. According to such a configuration, the cleaning blade 7 cleans the fine powder of the photosensitive layer and the untransferred donor on the surface of the photosensitive member, which are scraped by the polishing blade 41.
【０００９】図３は研磨手段として研磨部材４２をクリ
ーニングブレード７の端部に設けた構成を示すものであ
る。研磨部材４２はブレード保持金具７１に取リ付けら
れており、感光層３への当接圧は研磨部材４２の突出し
量およびブレード保持金具７１の圧接力により３０〜２
５０ｇ／ｃｍ2に設定される。このような構成によれば
研磨部材４２はクリーニングブレード７の端部シールを
兼ねることができる。また、図示してないがクリーニン
グブレードでなく、現像ユニットの端部に研磨部材４２
を設けてもよく、この場合も現像ユニットの端部シール
を兼ねることができる。FIG. 3 shows a structure in which a polishing member 42 is provided at the end of the cleaning blade 7 as polishing means. The polishing member 42 is attached to the blade holding metal fitting 71, and the contact pressure to the photosensitive layer 3 is 30 to 2 depending on the protruding amount of the polishing member 42 and the pressure contact force of the blade holding metal fitting 71.
It is set to 50 g / cm 2 . With such a configuration, the polishing member 42 can also serve as an end seal of the cleaning blade 7. Although not shown, a polishing member 42 is provided at the end of the developing unit instead of the cleaning blade.
May be provided, and also in this case, it can also serve as an end seal of the developing unit.
【００１０】研磨ブレード４１や研磨部材４２の当接圧
は、図４に示すように、感光体の繰り返し使用により感
光層が摩耗してゆき、感光層の膜厚の下限に達したと
き、研磨部（上記非画像形成部）の感光層膜厚がゼロと
なり支持体が露出するように設定されている。As shown in FIG. 4, the contact pressure of the polishing blade 41 and the polishing member 42 is such that when the photosensitive layer is worn down by repeated use of the photosensitive member and the lower limit of the film thickness of the photosensitive layer is reached, the polishing is performed. It is set so that the photosensitive layer film thickness of the part (the above-mentioned non-image forming part) becomes zero and the support is exposed.
【００１１】次に研磨ブレード４１や研磨部材４２に使
用される材料について説明すると、これらはポリウレタ
ン、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂、または、発泡ポリウレタ
ン、発泡ポリスチレン等の発泡性樹脂にアルミナ、シリ
カ、シリコンカーバイド等の無機粉体からなる研磨剤を
添加して形成される。Next, materials used for the polishing blade 41 and the polishing member 42 will be described. These are resins such as polyurethane and polypropylene, or foaming resins such as polyurethane foam and polystyrene, and alumina, silica, silicon carbide and the like. It is formed by adding a polishing agent composed of the above inorganic powder.
【００１２】また、感光体を形成する材料は従来から慣
用されているものでよく、支持体としてはアルミニウ
ム、ニッケル、クロム、銅、酸化スズ、酸化インジウム
等をプラスチックフィルムまたはプラスチックパイプに
蒸着したもの、ニッケル、鉄、ベリリウム−銅合金など
からなるシームレスベルト、アルミニウム、ニッケル、
ニッケル−コバルト合金、ステンレス等をＤ．Ｉ、Ｉ．
Ｉ、押出し、引き抜き等の工法で素管を形成した後、切
削、超仕上げ、研磨等で表面処理した管などを用いるこ
とができる。The material for forming the photosensitive member may be a conventionally used material, and the support may be formed by depositing aluminum, nickel, chromium, copper, tin oxide, indium oxide or the like on a plastic film or a plastic pipe. , Seamless belt made of nickel, iron, beryllium-copper alloy, aluminum, nickel,
Nickel-cobalt alloy, stainless steel, etc. I, I.
It is possible to use a tube or the like which has been subjected to surface treatment by cutting, superfinishing, polishing or the like after forming a raw tube by a method such as I, extrusion or drawing.
【００１３】感光層はこの分野で知られている無機感光
材料、有機感光材料のいずれで形成されていてもよく、
また、単層タイプであっても電荷発生層および電荷輸送
層からなる積層タイプのものいずれであってもよい。ま
た、感光層の下に下引き層、感光層の上に保護層を設け
たものでもよい。The photosensitive layer may be formed of either an inorganic photosensitive material or an organic photosensitive material known in the art,
Further, it may be either a single layer type or a laminated type including a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer. Further, an undercoat layer may be provided under the photosensitive layer and a protective layer may be provided on the photosensitive layer.
【００１４】以下に、上記した本発明の装置を使用して
感光層の摩耗量等をテストした例を示す。φ４０のアル
ミドラム状支持体に約３μｍの熱硬化性樹脂および無機
顔料を主成分とする下引き層、約０．１μｍのアゾ顔料
を主成分とする電荷発生層、約２．５μｍの電荷輸送層
を順次浸漬塗布法により設けた。この感光体を反転現像
方式の電子写真式プリンタ（当社製）に取付け、１Ｐ／
Ｊモード（１枚プリント後、約０．５ｓｅｃ感光体の回
転が停止し、続いて２枚目のプリントを開始するモー
ド）にて感光体の耐久テストを行なったところ、５万枚
で地汚れが発生した。この時の感光層の摩耗量は１０μ
ｍであった。さらに、図２で示した研磨ブレードの当接
圧を感光層が１０μｍ摩耗したときに支持体が露出する
よう１１５ｇ／ｃｍ2に設定した研磨ユニットおよび感
光体寿命表示装置を前記電子写真式プリンタに取付け、
実使用状態テスト（１枚あるいは２枚など実際の使用状
態に類似させたプリントを行なう）および連続プリント
テスト（２０００枚プリント／日で連続してプリントす
る）を行なったところ、それぞれ６．５万枚、８．６万
枚で地汚れが発生し、感光体寿命表示装置が点灯した。
また。感光層の摩耗量はともに１０μｍであった。The following is an example of testing the amount of abrasion of the photosensitive layer using the above-mentioned apparatus of the present invention. φ40 aluminum drum-shaped support, subbing layer mainly composed of thermosetting resin and inorganic pigment of about 3 μm, charge generation layer mainly composed of azo pigment of about 0.1 μm, charge transportation of about 2.5 μm The layers were applied sequentially by dip coating. Attach this photoconductor to a reversal development type electrophotographic printer (made by our company), 1P /
When the durability test of the photoconductor was performed in J mode (a mode in which the rotation of the photoconductor is stopped for about 0.5 sec after printing one sheet, and then the printing of the second sheet is started), the 50,000 sheets of background stains There has occurred. At this time, the wear amount of the photosensitive layer is 10μ
It was m. Furthermore, the abrading unit and the photoconductor life indicating device, in which the contact pressure of the abrading blade shown in FIG. 2 is set to 115 g / cm 2 so that the support is exposed when the photoconductive layer is abraded by 10 μm, are used in the electrophotographic printer. Installation,
When the actual use condition test (one or two prints similar to the actual use condition) and the continuous print test (2,000 prints / day are continuously printed) were performed, each yielded 65,000. The background life of the photoconductor was turned on due to the occurrence of background stains on 86,000 sheets.
Also. The amount of abrasion of the photosensitive layer was both 10 μm.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の電子写真装置に
よれば、感光体の摩耗量に比例して非画像形成部の感光
層を研磨し、感光層の摩耗量が一定値に達した時、電極
が支持体と接触し感光体の寿命を的確に表示することが
できる。As described above, according to the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention, the photosensitive layer of the non-image forming portion is polished in proportion to the abrasion amount of the photosensitive member, and the abrasion amount of the photosensitive layer reaches a constant value. When this happens, the electrodes come into contact with the support, and the life of the photoconductor can be accurately displayed.
【図１】本発明の電子写真装置の要部を示す概略斜視図
である。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a main part of an electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の電子写真装置の要部の構成例を示す斜
視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a main part of the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の電子写真装置の要部の構成例を示す斜
視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a main part of the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の電子写真装置に設けられる感光層研磨
手段の当接圧を説明する図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a contact pressure of a photosensitive layer polishing unit provided in the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.
【図５】感光体寿命表示装置の一例を示す回路図であ
る。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a photoreceptor life display device.
１ 感光体 ４ 研磨手段 ５ 電極 ６ 感光体寿命表示装置 ７ クリーニングブレード ８ ブレード保持部材 ９ 押さえ板 １０ 加圧バネ ４１ 研磨ブレード ４２ 研磨部材 ７１ 研磨ブレード Ｒ 周回方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photoconductor 4 Polishing means 5 Electrode 6 Photoconductor life display device 7 Cleaning blade 8 Blade holding member 9 Holding plate 10 Pressure spring 41 Polishing blade 42 Polishing member 71 Polishing blade R Circular direction
Claims (3)
非画像形成部の同一周回面上に感光層研磨手段および感
光体寿命表示装置と接続し、かつ、前記非画像形成部表
面と当接する電極を設けた電子写真装置であって、前記
研磨手段は感光体の周回により前記非画像形成部表面を
下記当接圧にて研磨し、また、前記電極は前記研磨によ
り露出した感光体支持体との接触により前記感光体寿命
装置に前記接触を知らせるとともに感光体の寿命を表示
させることを特徴とする電子写真装置。 研磨手段の当接圧：感光層が摩耗により感光層膜厚の下
限に達したとき、上記非画像形成部の感光層膜厚がゼロ
となる圧力1. A photosensitive layer polishing means and a photoreceptor life display device are connected on the same orbiting surface of a non-image forming portion of a photosensitive layer of a cylindrical or belt-shaped photoreceptor, and contact with the surface of the non-image forming portion. An electrophotographic apparatus provided with electrodes in contact with each other, wherein the polishing means polishes the surface of the non-image forming portion with the following contact pressure by the rotation of the photoreceptor, and the electrodes support the photoreceptor exposed by the polishing. An electrophotographic apparatus, which displays the life of a photoconductor while notifying the photoconductor life device of the contact by contact with the body. Contact pressure of polishing means: Pressure at which the thickness of the photosensitive layer in the non-image forming portion becomes zero when the lower limit of the thickness of the photosensitive layer is reached due to abrasion of the photosensitive layer.
て、クリーニングユニットの上流側に設けられているこ
とを請求項１記載の電子写真装置。2. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing means is provided upstream of the cleaning unit in the circumferential direction of the photoconductor.
たクリーニングユニットまたは現像ユニットの端部シー
ルを兼ねることを特徴とする請求項１記載の電子写真装
置。3. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing means also serves as an end seal of a cleaning unit or a developing unit arranged around the photosensitive member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7050341A JPH08220949A (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Electrophotographic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7050341A JPH08220949A (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Electrophotographic device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08220949A true JPH08220949A (en) | 1996-08-30 |
Family
ID=12856225
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7050341A Pending JPH08220949A (en) | 1995-02-16 | 1995-02-16 | Electrophotographic device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08220949A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6345158B1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2002-02-05 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and an image forming apparatus with a magnetic recording layer |
| JP2010175939A (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming method |
| CN102802871A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2012-11-28 | 霓达哈斯股份有限公司 | Polishing apparatus, polishing pad, and polishing information management system |
| JP2014016539A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-30 | Canon Inc | Image forming apparatus |
-
1995
- 1995-02-16 JP JP7050341A patent/JPH08220949A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6345158B1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2002-02-05 | Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and an image forming apparatus with a magnetic recording layer |
| JP2010175939A (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image forming apparatus, process cartridge, and image forming method |
| CN102802871A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2012-11-28 | 霓达哈斯股份有限公司 | Polishing apparatus, polishing pad, and polishing information management system |
| US9254545B2 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2016-02-09 | Nitta Haas Incorporated | Polishing apparatus, polishing pad, and polishing information management system |
| JP2014016539A (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-30 | Canon Inc | Image forming apparatus |
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