JPH08218788A - Cutter-provided segment and horizontal tunnel-excavation method using the segment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To promote safety and to reduce a construction period when a horizontal tunnel is excavated starting from a main tunnel. CONSTITUTION: A communicating hole 3 for communication of the inside and outside of a tunnel wall is formed in a segment main body 2 assembled along the internal circumference of an excavated tunnel to form the substantial tunnel wall and, at the same time, a horizontal tunnel starting cutter member 4 for blocking the hole is mounted thereto in a detachable manner. A horizontal tunnel excavating excavator main body is connected to the cutter member 4 of the cutter loaded segment 1, and the excavator main body is started in the tunnel to excavate the horizontal tunnel.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a segment with a cutter used for a shield machine and a method for excavating a shaft using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield machine excavates a face by a cutter member provided at the front of a machine body, assembles a segment on the inner peripheral surface of the excavation pit, and uses the existing segment as a reaction force receiving member to attack a shipworm. It is a tunnel forming machine that is designed to be promoted as follows. The above-mentioned segment is divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and is assembled along the inner peripheral surface of the excavation pit by an erector provided in the shield machine to construct a substantial tunnel wall.

By the way, in the field of tunnels for accommodating electric wires, tunnels for sewers, etc., there is a case in which another small-diameter tunnel (horizontal shaft) is excavated by lateral starting from the main tunnel formed as described above. . In this case, first, the ground is improved by injecting a hardening agent or the like from the surface of the ground into the ground in the vicinity of the start part of the side shaft that laterally starts from this tunnel. Next, after the ground has hardened, a part of the segment of the tunnel is removed to cut off the side ground, and the starting space of the shield machine for side tunnel excavation is formed there. After that, a shield machine for advancing a horizontal shaft was assembled in the starting space, and the shield machine for advancing a horizontal shaft was laterally started from this tunnel to excavate and form a horizontal shaft.

[0004]

However, in such a construction method, when a part of the segment of the tunnel is removed and the ground improvement is insufficient, earth and sand enter the tunnel due to earth pressure. May occur, which is not preferable in terms of safety. In addition, since it takes a long time to improve the ground, the construction period becomes longer. In large cities, etc., it is often impossible to improve the ground from the ground surface, which may actually make the construction impossible.

The object of the present invention, which was devised in view of the above circumstances, is to provide a cutter for improving safety and shortening the construction period when excavating and forming a side shaft from the tunnel by lateral starting. It is intended to provide a segment and a shaft digging method using the segment.

[0006]

A segment with a cutter according to the present invention communicates with a segment body that is assembled along an inner peripheral surface of an excavation pit to form a substantial tunnel wall for communicating the inside and outside of the tunnel wall. A hole is formed, and a cutter member for advancing the side shaft that plugs this hole is detachably attached to the communication hole.

The cutter member is a cylindrical cutter hood inserted into the communication hole, a bulkhead provided to cover the cutter hood, and a bulkhead provided rotatably on the bulkhead. It may consist of a cutter for excavating a side shaft.

Between the communicating hole and the cutter hood, there is provided a sealing means for circumferentially sealing the space between them to prevent water from entering the mine, and fixing them to support earth pressure applied to the bulkhead. Earth pressure support means may be provided.

According to the method for excavating a horizontal shaft according to the present invention, the excavator body for excavating a horizontal shaft is connected to the cutter member of the segment with a cutter, and the main shaft of the excavator body is started to excavate the horizontal shaft. It was done ...

[0010]

When a segment with a cutter having the structure of [Operation] is assembled along the inner peripheral surface of an excavation pit to construct a tunnel wall, the communication hole formed by communicating the inside and outside of the tunnel wall with the segment main body is used for starting the side shaft. It is in a state of being blocked by the cutter member. That is, the cutter member for starting the side shaft functions as a plug that closes the communication hole, and partitions the inside and outside of the tunnel wall. Therefore, the sediment on the outside of the tunnel wall is prevented from entering the inside of the tunnel wall through the communication hole.

Further, since the cutter member is detachably attached to the communication hole, the cutter member is connected to the excavator main body for excavation of the side shaft, and the excavator main body is started in the mine, whereby the cutter member is started. Is launched laterally through the communication hole together with the excavator body for excavating the side shaft. Due to the start of the mine, the side shaft is excavated starting from the communication hole of the tunnel. This is the shaft excavation method described in.

According to the cutter-equipped segment of the above construction, the tubular cutter hood inserted into the communication hole functions as a guide when the cutter member is disengaged from the communication hole.
Further, the bulkhead provided to cover the cutter hood functions as a cover for covering the communication hole and receives earth pressure from the side ground. Further, the cutter rotatably provided on the bulkhead serves as a digging means for digging a horizontal shaft.

According to the cutter-equipped segment of the construction described above, the sealing means provided between the communication hole and the cutter hood prevents the infiltration of water from the side ground rocks into the mine through the space therebetween. . The earth pressure support means for fixing the communication hole and the cutter hood supports earth pressure applied to the bulkhead from the side ground.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a segment 1 with a cutter according to the present embodiment includes a segment main body 2 assembled along the inner peripheral surface of a digging hole to form a substantial tunnel wall, and a segment. The main body 2 includes a communication hole 3 formed so as to communicate with the inside and outside of the tunnel wall, and a lateral pit starter cutter member 4 detachably attached to the communication hole 3 so as to close the communication hole 3.

The segment body 2 has a skin plate 5 that is curved and formed according to the curvature of the inner diameter of the tunnel wall, and an end that extends from the four sides of the skin plate 5 radially inward of the tunnel by the thickness of the tunnel wall. It is provided with a part plate 6 and is a so-called steel plate type segment. Each end plate 6 of this segment body 2
A bolt hole 8 for fastening the segment body 2 to the segment 7 adjacent thereto is formed in this.

A hole 9 is formed in the central portion of the skin plate 5 of the segment body 2 so as to connect the front and back sides, and a cylindrical body 10 is welded to the hole 9. That is, the cylindrical body 10
The inside serves as a communication hole 3 that connects the inside and the outside of the tunnel wall. In addition, the cylindrical body 10 is
Are supported by 6 reinforcing plates 11 arranged radially. Each reinforcing plate 11 is an end plate 6 respectively.
It is welded to the skin plate 5 and the cylindrical body 10.

In the inside of the cylindrical body 10, that is, in the communication hole 3,
A cutter member 4 for starting the side shaft is detachably attached so as to block this. The cutter member 4 has a communication hole 3
The cylindrical cutter hood 12 inserted into the cutter hood 12 and the bulkhead 13 provided so as to cover the cutter hood 12
And a cutter motor mounting flange 50, and a cutter 14 that is rotatably provided on the bulkhead 13 and the cutter motor mounting flange 50 to substantially excavate a horizontal shaft.

The cutter hood 12 is formed to have a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body 10, and is loosely fitted into the inside of the cylindrical body 10 (communication hole 3) so as to be freely inserted and removed. The bulkhead 13 is provided at a substantially central portion of the tubular cutter hood 12, and the cutter motor mounting flange 50 is provided at an opening portion of the tubular cutter hood 12 at an inner end of the shaft. The bulkhead 13 and the cutter motor mounting flange 50 have a rotary shaft 15 of the cutter 14 at the center thereof.
Is pivotally supported. At the end of the rotating shaft 15 on the side of the natural ground, 4
A cutter 14 made of a book of pork cutlet 16 is provided.

The cutter motor mounting flange 50 is shown in FIG.
As shown in, hole 18 for attaching the cutter motor
A cutter motor (not shown) attached to these holes 18 is adapted to mesh with a cutter gear 51 fixed to the rotary shaft 15 of the cutter 14. Further, the bulkhead 13 has a hole 52 formed therein,
A pipe 53 of a screw conveyor for transferring the excavated earth and sand in the cutter chamber 17 into the mine is connected to the hole 52. A gate plate 54 that is opened and closed by a hydraulic jack (not shown) is provided at the tip of the pipe 53.

In the case of a muddy water type shield equipped with a mud discharge pipe instead of the screw conveyor, a mud discharge pipe 54 is connected to the hole 52 of the bulkhead 13 as shown in FIG. 2 (b).
A ball valve 5 for opening and closing the inside of the sludge pipe 54
5 may be provided. Further, the cutter 14 is not limited to the spoke type cutter as described above, and depending on the soil quality of the ground,
A disk-type cutter may be used in which a disk-shaped cutter disk is provided with a sediment inlet.

According to this structure, since the bulkhead 13 substantially partitions the inside and outside of the tunnel, the earth pressure of the ground is applied to the bulkhead 13. In addition, the inside of the cutter hood 12 partitioned by the bulkhead 13 has a cutter chamber 1 for taking in the excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter 14.
It becomes 7. The hole 18 of the bulkhead 13 is covered with the lid member 19 until a cutter motor or the like is attached later.

Inner peripheral surface of cylindrical body 10 (inner peripheral surface of communication hole 3)
As shown in FIG. 2, there is provided a sealing means 20 for circumferentially sealing the space between the hood 12 and the cutter hood 12 to prevent water from entering into the mine. Details of the sealing means 20 are shown in FIG. As shown in the drawing, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10 (the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole 3) is provided with two rows of mounting grooves 21 in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals in the axial direction. Mounting groove 21
A seal member 22 formed in a ring shape along the circumferential direction is attached to the.

The seal member 22 is in close contact with the bottom of the mounting groove 21 and is fixed by a bolt with a ring-shaped base portion 2.
3 and a lip portion 24 that extends obliquely inward in the radial direction from the base portion 23 and is pressed against the cutter hood 12 by 12. The lip portion 24 extends obliquely toward the natural ground side and is formed in a ring shape so as to be in close contact with the entire outer circumference of the cutter hood 12. By arranging the lip portion 24 obliquely in this way, the resistance against water intrusion from the natural ground side into the mine is increased, and at the same time, the cutter hood 1
The resistance when 2 starts to the natural side also decreases.

Earth pressure support means 25 for fixing the cylinder body 10 and the cutter hood 12 to support the earth pressure applied to the bulkhead 13 is provided at the end of the inner side of the cylinder body 10. . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the earth pressure supporting means 25 has one end welded to the end 26 on the inner side of the pit of the cylindrical body 10 and the other end connected to the connecting portion 27 of the cutter hood 12 and the cutter motor mounting flange 50. It consists of a welded block body 28. Ten or more block bodies 28 are provided in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical body 10 at predetermined intervals. These block bodies 28 are removed when the cutter hood 12 is finally moved laterally.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cutter-equipped segment 1 shown in FIG. 1 having the above-described structure is assembled along the inner peripheral surface of the excavation hole excavated by the main shield machine 29, and the tunnel wall is formed. Build 30. Since the segment 1 with a cutter is provided with the cutter member 4 for excavating a shaft, it is wider than the normal segment 31,
One ring is formed by four pieces together with the other three steel plate type segments 7. In addition, the segment 7a facing the segment 1 with a cutter is provided with a reaction force receiving stand 33 of the excavator body 32 for excavating a horizontal shaft. The normal segment 31 may be made of reinforced concrete or steel plate.

As described above, when the tunnel wall 30 is constructed by assembling the cutter-equipped segment 1 having the above-described structure along the inner peripheral surface of the excavation pit, the segment main body 2 of the cutter-equipped segment 1 communicates the inside and outside of the tunnel wall 30. The inside (communication hole 3) of the cylindrical body 10 thus formed is closed by the cutter member 4 for starting the side shaft. That is, the cutter member 4 for starting the side shaft functions as a plug that closes the communication hole 3 and partitions the inside and outside of the tunnel wall 30. Therefore, the earth and sand on the outside of the tunnel wall 30 pass through the communication holes 3 and
Is prevented from entering inside.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the cylindrical body 10
Cylindrical cutter hood 1 inserted into the inside (communication hole 3)
2 functions as a guide when the cutter member 4 separates from the communication hole 3. The bulkhead 13 provided so as to cover the cutter hood 12 functions as a cover for covering the communication hole 3 and receives earth pressure from the ground. Further, the cutter 14 rotatably provided on the bulkhead 13 is
It becomes an excavation means for excavating a horizontal shaft. In addition, the sealing means 20 provided on the inner circumference of the cylindrical body 10 prevents the infiltration of water from the ground through the space between the communication hole 3 and the cutter hood 12 to the jet. The earth pressure support means 25 for fixing the communication hole 3 and the cutter hood 12 supports earth pressure applied to the bulkhead 13 from the ground.

The cutter member 4 is detachably attached to the inside of the cylindrical body 10 (communication hole 3).
As shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1, the cutter member 4 is connected to the excavator body 32 for excavation of the side shaft, and the excavator body 32 is started in the mine, so that the cutter member 4 is
Along with 2, the vehicle is started to the side through the communication hole 3. Due to the start of the underground shaft, the side shaft is excavated from the segment 1 with the cutter incorporated in the main tunnel constructed by the main shield machine 29 as a starting point.

The procedure for excavating the shaft will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5. First, the front body shield frame 34 of the excavator body 32 for excavating a horizontal shaft is welded to the cutter motor mounting flange 50 of the cutter member 4. Next, the lid 19 attached to the hole 18 of the cutter motor attachment flange 50 is removed,
A cutter motor is attached to the hole 18, and the pinion attached to the rotary shaft is meshed with the cutter gear 51 of the rotary shaft 15 of the cutter 14. Next, the screw conveyor pipe or the mud discharge pipe 54 is connected to a screw conveyor or a mud discharge pipe (not shown) for conveying the excavated sand in the cutter chamber 17 into the mine, and the gate plate 54 or The ball valve 55 is opened.

Next, the rear trunk shield frame 35 is attached to the rear part of the front trunk shield frame 34. The front and rear shield frames 34 and 35 are connected to each other via a center-folding jack (not shown). Next, the plurality of propulsion jacks 36 are attached to the rear trunk shield frame 35 along the circumferential direction. Then, each propulsion jack 36 is extended and its tip is brought into contact with the reaction force receiving base 33. As a result, the earth pressure applied to the bulkhead 13 is supported by the reaction force receiving table 33.

After that, the block body 28 fixing the cutter hood 12 and the cylindrical body 10 is removed by cutting the welded portion. Then, the propulsion jack 36 is further extended to integrally propel the excavator body 32 and the cutter member 4 to excavate the side shaft. On the inner peripheral surface of the excavated lateral shaft, a segment for the lateral shaft is assembled by an erector provided inside the excavator body 32. The assembled segments sequentially receive the reaction force of the propulsion jack 36. After digging to some extent, the tail portion is added to the rear trunk shield frame 35.

In this way, it is possible to excavate a side shaft having a smaller diameter than the main tunnel constructed by the main shield machine 29. At this time, complicated steps such as ground improvement and a long-term process are not required at all. Therefore,
The construction period can be shortened. Further, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to perform the dangerous work of removing the segment of the tunnel, so that the safety is improved.

By the way, the above-mentioned segment 1 with a cutter is provided.
4 is wider than the normal segment 31 as shown in FIG. 4, and therefore, after the tail portion 37 of the main shield machine 29 is widened as shown in FIG.
It is assembled on the inner surface of the excavated hole. The tail portion 37 of the main shield machine 29 has a double-cylinder structure in which an inner cylinder 38 and an outer cylinder 39 are slidably stacked as shown in FIG. The rear end portion 38a is welded and fixed to the convex portion 39a of the outer cylinder 39. The procedure for widening the tail portion 37 will be described below.

First, as shown in FIG. 6A, the propulsion jack 40 of the main shield machine 29 is extended to the full stroke. Next, the propulsion jack 40 is contracted, and the inner cylinder 38
The welded portion 41 between the outer cylinder 39 and the outer cylinder 39 is cut so as to be slidable relative to each other, and the propulsion jack 40 is extended through the spacer 42 as shown in FIG. 6B. Then, the outer cylinder 39 is left behind because it is pressed by the earth pressure, and only the inner cylinder 38 propels. As a result, widening of the tail portion 37 is achieved as shown in FIG. 6 (C). At this time, in order to prevent water from entering between the inner cylinder 38 and the outer cylinder 39,
A water blocking agent is injected from a nozzle 43 provided in the inner cylinder 38. A seal member 4 such as an O-ring is provided on both sides of the nozzle 43.
4 are provided.

The space 45 thus widened
As shown in FIG. 6 (d), the segment 1 with a cutter (see FIG. 1) or the segment 7 adjacent thereto is incorporated. After that, when the segment 31 having the normal width is incorporated, the wire 46 attached to the outer cylinder 39 is pulled by the jack 47 and the outer cylinder 39 is superposed on the inner cylinder 38 to be in the state of FIG. 47 and wire 4
Propulsion is carried out while pulling the outer cylinder 39 via 6, and the segment 1 with cutter and the adjacent segment 7 are left behind relatively, and the connecting portion between the rear end portion 38a of the inner cylinder and the convex portion 39a of the outer cylinder is completely removed. Drive around the tunnel from the inside of the tunnel until it opens. Then, when the outer cylinder convex portion 39a is opened, the convex portion 39a and the rear end portion 38s may be welded again.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the safety and shorten the construction period when excavating and forming a horizontal shaft by laterally starting from the tunnel.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a segment with a cutter showing an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a tunnel in which a segment with a cutter is incorporated.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of sealing means provided in the segment with a cutter.

FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a tunnel incorporating a segment with a cutter.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a procedure of widening a tail portion for incorporating a segment with a cutter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 segment with cutter 2 segment body 3 communicating hole 4 cutter member 12 cutter hood 13 bulkhead 14 cutter 20 sealing means 25 earth pressure support means 30 tunnel wall 32 excavator body for excavation

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Makoto Sugimori 11-1 Kitahamacho, Chita City, Aichi Prefecture Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Aichi Factory

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A segment body, which is assembled along an inner peripheral surface of an excavation pit to form a substantial tunnel wall, is provided with a communication hole for communicating the inside and outside of the tunnel wall, and the communication hole is closed. A segment with a cutter, characterized by a detachable cutter member for starting the side shaft. 2. The cutter member is provided with a cylindrical cutter hood inserted into the communication hole, a bulkhead provided to cover the cutter hood, and a rotatably mounted on the bulkhead. The segment with a cutter according to claim 1, wherein the segment comprises a cutter for substantially excavating a shaft. 3. A seal means is provided between the communicating hole and the cutter hood to prevent water from entering the mine by sealing the gap between them in the circumferential direction, and at the same time, fixing these means to earth pressure applied to the bulkhead. The cutter segment according to claim 2, further comprising earth pressure support means for supporting the. 4. A segment with a cutter, wherein the excavator body for excavating a horizontal shaft is connected to the cutter member of the segment with a cutter according to claim 1, and the excavator body is started in the underground to excavate a horizontal shaft. Method for excavation of side shafts.