JPH08215911A - Multispindle drilling pneumatic tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce the number of times of drilling processes and sufficiently ensure accuracy in drilling positions by disposing a common air motor for driving a plurality of drilling spindle and providing a workpiece holding holder having through holes through which these spindles pass. CONSTITUTION: While air is supplied to an air cylinder 34, an air motor 33 is driven by the operation of a pilot valve 70, and a hole saw 48 and drill are rotated through a gear group, rotary drive shaft 38 and three spindles 45. At the same time, a piston rod 51 together with a clamp jaw 52 is lifted in the air cylinder 34 and a tubular piston rod 55 together with a holder 56 is lifted somewhat later. Thus, a workpiece W is held by the cooperation of a clamp jaw 52 and holder 56. While the workpiece W under such condition is lifted gradually by a hydraulic controlling valve 59, a fastener hole and two mounting holes are drilled in the workpiece W by the rotation of the hole saw 48 and drill.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling as a hand rule capable of simultaneously drilling fastener holes and mounting holes of nut plates in the aerospace industry and assembly work of composite structures.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when assembling an aircraft or the like, a nut plate is attached to the back surface of an outer plate to facilitate bolting work. As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, such a nut plate has a fastener fastening hole 2 provided in the plate body 1 and a pair of rivet holes 3 provided on both sides thereof. In addition, the plate body 1 is provided with a pair of folded-back portions 4 for reinforcement. As shown in FIG. 9, the fastener hole 6 and the pair of mounting holes 7 are provided on the processed plate 5 which is an outer plate of an airplane or the like so as to correspond to the fastener tightening hole 2 and the pair of rivet holes 3 of the plate body 1. Perforated. After this perforation, the parts 10 and the work plate 5 to be fastened with fastener
The fastener 8 is fastened to the fastening hole 2 of the nut plate through the fastener hole 6 of the rivet 9, and the rivet 9 is passed through the component 10 to be fastened with the fastener, the rivet hole 7 of the working plate 5, and the rivet hole 3 of the nut plate. Is fixed.

A punching tool as a hand tool for punching such a plurality of holes is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-102.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 408. The drilling tool disclosed in this publication includes a collet mandrel and two drilling drills arranged on both sides of the collet mandrel, and it is necessary to reduce the weight because the user holds the tool while working. From, using compressed air as the drive source, clamp the workpiece,
While driving the rotation of the drill and the feed of the drill,
It is configured so that the distance between the two drills can be adjusted. Further, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-31611 discloses a drilling tool as a hand tool which is provided with a clamp mechanism for clamping a workpiece so as to face a single drill and drills a relatively narrow corner portion. In addition, 4-9
Japanese Patent No. 8344 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-229209 disclose a multi-axis punching device for punching a plurality of holes, but these are fixed punching devices.

In the drilling tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-102408, the feed rate of the drill is not constant because the feed rate of the drill is driven by air pressure. As a result, the drill may be damaged, the life of the drill may be shortened, and the drilled hole may be deformed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling has been developed in which the feed rate of the drill is hydraulically controlled. This pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling is provided with a pilot valve 11 that switches the flow of the supplied compressed air, and a trigger valve 12 that has a switch 12a for switching the pilot valve 11. Further, a cylinder body 13 for receiving compressed air from these valves is provided, and in this cylinder body 13, an air motor 14 for driving a drill 19 for drilling, which will be described later, and a collet operating arm 21 and a support body, which will be described later. An air cylinder 15 for raising and lowering the support 18, a hydraulic cylinder 16 for controlling the raising and lowering speed of the support 18, and a speed control valve 17 are provided. Compressed air is directly supplied to the air motor 14 from the pilot valve 11, and compressed air is supplied to the air cylinder 15 from the pilot valve 11 via the trigger valve 12. The support 18 supports two drills 19 and a collet mandrel 20.

As a result, when the collet mandrel 20 is inserted into the guide hole of the workpiece (not shown) and the switch 12a of the trigger valve 12 is pressed, the pilot valve 11 is switched and the air motor 14 is driven. Two
While the individual drill 19 is rotated, compressed air is sent to the air cylinder 15, the collet operating arm 21 is raised, and the collet of the collet mandrel 20 is opened and fixed in the guide hole of the workpiece. At the same time, air cylinder 1
5, the support 18 is lifted while the work piece is supported by the collet. As a result, two holes are drilled in the workpiece by the two driven drills 19.
When the switch 12a is released after punching, the air motor 1
4, the supply of compressed air to the air cylinder 4 and the air cylinder 15 is interrupted, and the support 18 and the collet operating arm 21 are lowered to their original positions. When the support 18 and the collet operating arm 21 are lifted, the hydraulic pressure returning from the hydraulic cylinder 16 to the reservoir is controlled by the hydraulic speed control valve 17, which controls the rising speed of the support 18 and the like. The drill feed rate is controlled.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned drilling tools shown in JP-A-56-102408 and FIGS. 11 and 12 have the following problems.

After the mounting hole 7 of the work plate 5 is drilled by the drilling tool, the collet mandrel 2 of the drilling tool 2 is drilled.
The guide hole for 0 needs to be processed again into the fastener hole 6 (hole diameter), and the punching process is performed twice. Conversely, when the fastener hole 6 (hole diameter) is drilled before the mounting hole 7 is drilled and the fastener hole 6 is used as a guide hole, the punching process is performed twice. As described above, since the punching step is required a plurality of times, there is a problem that the working time is long.

When the fastener hole 6 is used as a guide hole, the fastener hole 6 of the collet mandrel 20 is clamped, which may damage the fastener hole 6.

Further, in the case of the drilling tool disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-31611, since the guide mechanism for the drill is not provided, there is a problem that the opening position cannot be determined until the drilling. is there. Further, when mounting holes are generally required at a short distance from the work outline, as in the case of mounting nut plates, work in a narrow space is required. Since the air cylinder is arranged on the side of the clamp mechanism, the structure is complicated, it is difficult to reduce the weight, and work in a narrow space may not be possible.

Further, since the punching device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-98344 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-229209 is a fixed device, these structures are adopted for the punching tool as a hand tool. It is difficult in terms of weight.

The object of the present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the number of punching steps,
An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tool for multi-axis perforation as a hand tool that can secure sufficient perforation position accuracy, can prevent perforation damage, can reduce weight, and can be factory-operated.

[0012]

In order to achieve this object, a pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling according to the present invention is a drilling tool in which axes are arranged in parallel with each other and are driven by compressed air. A pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling, comprising a case body provided with a triaxial spindle for
Air motors formed on the case body so as to drive three rotary drive shafts coaxially connected to the spindles, and a piston rod formed on the case body adjacent to the air motors. An air cylinder that is projected from the case, a hydraulic cylinder that is formed in the case body adjacent to the air cylinder, and a cylindrical piston rod is inserted through the piston rod of the air cylinder and that is projected from the case body; A hydraulic control valve interposed in a hydraulic passage connecting hydraulic chambers on both sides of the piston, and a through hole which is provided at the tip of the piston rod of the air cylinder and allows a three-axis spindle to pass therethrough. Clamp jaw for holding and the cylindrical piston of the hydraulic cylinder facing the clamp jaw. A holder that is provided at the tip of the lid and has a through hole that allows the three-axis spindle to pass through, and a holder for holding the workpiece in cooperation with the clamp jaw, and the supply of compressed air to the air motor and air cylinder. And a valve group for switching between.

[0013]

With this structure, when a plurality of holes are drilled in the workpiece, the valve group is switched and compressed air is supplied to the air motor and the air cylinder. As a result, the three spindles are rotationally driven by the air motor. At the same time, the clamp jaw at the tip of the piston rod of the air cylinder is moved to hold the workpiece in cooperation with the holder, and in this held state, the piston rod of the air cylinder and the tubular piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder are held. Is moved toward the inside of the case body, and the work piece is punched by the three spindles. At this time, the hydraulic pressure control valve controls the hydraulic pressure flowing through the hydraulic flow path of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby controlling the drilling speed by controlling so that the moving speed of the workpiece does not become rapid.

After the perforation is completed, the valve group is switched. As a result, the piston rod of the air cylinder, the cylindrical piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the clamp jaw and the holder are returned to the original state, and the clamp of the workpiece is released.

As described above, according to the present invention, since multi-axis perforation is performed at the same time, it is not necessary to perforate a plurality of times.
The drilling process can be reduced and the quality does not deteriorate. Further, since the work piece is held by the clamp jaw without using the collet mandrel, the drilling position accuracy is significantly improved, and since the guide hole for the collet mandrel is not required, the drilled hole is It will not be damaged. Further, since no heavy object such as a feed mechanism is provided at the tip of the clamp jaw, the clamp mechanism has a cantilevered L-shaped cross section, and workability as a hand tool is improved. Furthermore, since the air motor and the air cylinder are arranged substantially coaxially, the
As disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 31611, since the motor and the cylinder are not independent units,
The volume of the device is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the workability is improved.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A pneumatic tool for multiaxial drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a pneumatic tool for multiaxial drilling according to an embodiment, and FIG.
2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1, and FIG.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tool for multi-axis perforation shown in FIG. 1, and is a figure which shows the feeding completion state of a workpiece, and FIG. 5 is IV of FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV, and FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the multi-axis drilling air tool shown in FIG. 1, showing a state in which the supply of compressed air is stopped after drilling the workpiece. FIG. 7 is a view showing the same, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 6.

As shown in FIG. 1, the air tool for multi-axis drilling has a case body 30.
In general, the grip portion 31 having a valve group described later is provided.
And a spindle chamber 32 provided in one side of the case body 30 and an air motor 3 provided adjacent to the spindle chamber 32.
3, an air cylinder 34 provided below and adjacent thereto, a hydraulic cylinder 35 provided below and adjacent thereto, and a reservoir 36 for the hydraulic cylinder 35.

In the spindle chamber 32, three flexible shafts 37 are housed side by side in parallel with each other, and three rotary drive shafts 38 are respectively connected to their upper ends. . These three rotary drive shafts 38
Is configured to be driven by a gear group provided on the upper portion thereof, as shown in FIG. In this gear group, a first gear 40 is meshed with the output shaft 39 of the air motor 33, and two second gears 41 are meshed with this. The first gear 40 meshes with a fastener hole drilling gear 42, and the two second gears 41 mesh with two mounting hole drilling gears 43 via a plurality of small gears, respectively. .

On the other hand, the spindle chamber 32 of the case body 30
As shown in FIG. 2, the pitch adjusting bearings 44 made of Teflon are attached to the lower ends of the three flexible shafts 37, and the pitch adjusting bearings 44 are inserted into the lower ends of the three flexible shafts 37, respectively. The spindles 45 and 46 of are connected in parallel to each other in a line. The Teflon-made pitch adjustment bearing 44 is replaceable, whereby the distance between the two spindles 46 is adjusted, and thereby the pitch of the mounting holes is adjusted. Since the bearing 44 is made of Teflon and is a low friction material, the spindles 45, 4
The rotation of 6 is smoothed, and the mechanism for retaining lubrication is omitted. Of the three spindles 45, 46, a hole saw 48 having a guide pin 47 is fixed to the tip of the central spindle 45, and two tip ends of the two spindles 46 on both sides each have two holes. The drill 49 is fixed.

Next, the air cylinder 34 is provided with a piston 50 and a piston rod 51 projecting downward from the piston 50. A clamp jaw 52 for holding the workpiece W is provided at the lower end of the piston rod 51 so as to extend in the lateral direction. The clamp jaw 52 is formed with a through hole 53 for allowing the hole saw 48 and the drill 49 to pass therethrough.

The hydraulic cylinder 35 includes a piston 5
4 is provided, and a cylindrical piston rod 5 is provided downward from this.
5 extends through the piston rod 51. At the lower end of this piston rod 55, the clamp jaw 52
A holder 56 for holding the workpiece W in cooperation therewith is provided extending in the lateral direction. The holder 56 also has a through hole 57 for allowing the hole saw 48 and the drill 49 to pass therethrough.

The piston 54 is provided with a check valve 58 which allows the flow of the hydraulic medium from the lower hydraulic chamber to the upper hydraulic chamber and prevents the flow of the medium from the upper side to the lower side. Further, a control valve 59 (feed speed control valve) for controlling the flow of the hydraulic medium is provided in the hydraulic flow path from the hydraulic chamber above the hydraulic cylinder 35 to the reservoir 36. As will be described later, the control valve 59 controls so that the feed speed of the workpiece W does not become rapid. Further, the reservoir 36 has a reservoir piston 6
0 is provided, and a rod-shaped member 61 projects downward from these. This reservoir piston 60 is pushed upward by the compressed air, which causes the hydraulic cylinder 35
Air is prevented from entering the inside and the reservoir 3
When the hydraulic pressure in 6 decreases, the reservoir piston 60 rises and the rod-shaped member 61 also rises. Therefore, an oil residual amount gauge that comprehends the residual amount of oil by the moving amount of the rod-shaped member 61 is configured.

Further, in the case body 30, an air flow path 6 for supplying compressed air to the air cylinder 34.
2. An air flow passage 63 for exhausting air from the air cylinder 34, an air flow passage 64 for supplying compressed air to the air motor 33, and a compressed air sent to the reservoir piston 60 branched from the air flow passage 64. An air flow path 65 is provided. Further, an exhaust passage 66 of the air motor 33 is provided above the motor 33.

Further, a trigger valve 67 and a pilot valve 70 are embedded in the grip portion 31.
In the trigger valve 67, the switch 69 moves the moving body 68 to switch the air flow path. The pilot valve 70 is configured so that the switching of the moving body 68 of the trigger valve 67 moves the moving body 71 to switch the air flow path. From the compressed air supply source (not shown), the air flow path 72
Through the trigger valve 67 and the pilot valve 7
0 is supplied with air.

At the start of the operation for punching, as shown in FIG. 1, the switch 69 of the trigger valve 67 is pushed up and the moving body 68 is also raised. As a result, the air flown from the air flow path 72 is flowed to the air flow path 62 of the air cylinder 34 via the trigger valve 67 and moves the moving body 71 of the pilot valve 70 from the trigger valve 67. As a result, air flows from the air flow path 72 to the air flow path 64 for the air motor 33. The air flow path 73 is for exhaust.

In the air tool for multi-axis drilling according to this embodiment having the above-mentioned structure, the drilling work is performed as follows.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, at the start of operation, the guide pin 47 at the lower end of the hole saw 48 of the central spindle 45 is inserted into the work hole (not shown) of the workpiece W. After that, switch 6 of the trigger valve 67
9, the air is supplied to the air cylinder 34 as described above, and the air motor 33 is driven by the action of the pilot valve 70, so that the gear group, the rotation drive shaft 38, and the spindle 45, Four
The hole saw 48 and the drill 49 are rotated via 6.

At the same time, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the air cylinder 34, the piston rod 51 moves up together with the clamp jaw 52, and the cylindrical piston rod 55 moves up together with the holder 56 with a slight delay. As a result, the work W is held and lifted by the cooperative operation of the clamp jaw 52 and the holder 56. At this time, since the check valve 58 blocks the flow of the pressure medium from the upper side to the lower side of the piston 54, the hydraulic control valve 59 causes the flow of the hydraulic medium flowing from the upper hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 34 to the reservoir 36. Is controlled so that the ascending speed of the workpiece is controlled so as not to be rapid, and the speed of the perforation is controlled.

While the workpiece W held by the clamp jaws 52 and the holder 56 is gradually raised by the hydraulic control valve 59, the hole saw 48 and the drill 49 are rotated, whereby the workpiece W has a fastener hole and a fastener hole 2. Individual mounting holes are drilled.

After the perforation is completed, when the switch 69 is released as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the air passage 62 is blocked by the trigger valve 67, and the pilot valve 70 is switched to change the air passage 63. Air is supplied to the air chamber above the air cylinder 34 via the.
As a result, the piston 50, the piston rod 51, and the clamp jaw 52 are pushed down. At the same time, the cylindrical piston rod 55 of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is pressed and pushed down by the piston 50, and at this time, due to the action of the check valve 58, the hydraulic medium below the piston 54 flows into the upper side. The cylindrical piston rod 55 is rapidly lowered together with the holder 56. When the pistons bottom out, the workpiece is unclamped.

As described above, in this embodiment, since the triaxial perforation is performed at the same time, it is not necessary to perforate a plurality of times for perforating one fastener hole and two mounting holes. The number of steps can be reduced and the quality does not deteriorate.
Further, since the work piece is held by the clamp jaw 52 and the holder 56 without using the collet mandrel, the precision of the drilling position is remarkably improved and the drilled hole is not damaged. Further, since no heavy object such as a feed mechanism is provided at the tip of the clamp jaw 52, the clamp mechanism has a cantilevered L-shaped cross section, and the workability as a hand tool is improved. Further, since the air motor and the air cylinder are arranged substantially coaxially, the motor and the cylinder are not independent units, so the volume of the device is reduced, the weight is reduced, and workability is also improved. . The present invention is
It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment and various modifications can be made.

[0032]

According to the present invention, since multi-axis punching is performed at the same time, it is not necessary to perform a plurality of punching operations, the number of punching steps can be reduced, and the quality does not deteriorate. Further, since the work piece is held by the clamp jaw without using the collet mandrel, the drilling position accuracy is significantly improved, and since the guide hole for the collet mandrel is not required, the drilled hole is It will not be damaged. Further, since no heavy object such as a feed mechanism is provided at the tip of the clamp jaw, the clamp mechanism has a cantilevered L-shaped cross section, and workability as a hand tool is improved. Further, since the air motor and the air cylinder are arranged substantially coaxially, the actual flat blade 2-31611
As disclosed in the publication, the motor and the cylinder are not independent units, so the volume of the device is reduced, the weight is reduced, and workability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an air tool for multiaxial drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the multi-axis drilling pneumatic tool shown in FIG. 1, showing a state in which a workpiece has been fed.

5 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling shown in FIG. 1, showing a state in which the supply of compressed air has been stopped after drilling a workpiece.

7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the nut plate.

9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8 and a sectional view of a workpiece.

10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a conventional pneumatic tool for multiaxial drilling.

12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 30 Case Main Body 33 Air Motor 34 Air Cylinder 35 Hydraulic Cylinder 45 Spindle 46 Spindle 48 Hole Saw 49 Drill 51 Piston Rod 52 Clamp Jaw 53 Through Hole 55 Cylindrical Piston Rod 56 Holder 57 Through Hole 59 Hydraulic Control Valve

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling, comprising: a case body having axes aligned in parallel with each other and provided with a triaxial spindle for punching driven by compressed air. And an air motor formed in the case main body so as to drive three rotary drive shafts coaxially connected to the three spindles, and a piston formed in the case main body adjacent to the air motor. An air cylinder with a rod protruding from the case body and a hydraulic cylinder formed on the case body adjacent to the air cylinder, and a cylindrical piston rod protruding from the case body by inserting the piston rod of the air cylinder. And a hydraulic control valve installed in the hydraulic flow path that connects the hydraulic chambers on both sides of the piston of this hydraulic cylinder, A clamp jaw for holding a work piece, which has a through hole that is provided at the tip of a stone rod and allows a three-axis spindle to pass through, and a tip of a cylindrical piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder so as to face the clamp jaw. , A holder for holding a workpiece in cooperation with a clamp jaw, which has a through hole for passing a three-axis spindle, and a valve group for switching the supply of compressed air to the air motor and air cylinder. And a pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling. 2. A hole saw having a guide pin is fixed to the tip of the central spindle of the three spindles, and a drill is fixed to the tip of the two spindles on both sides. Claim 1 characterized by the above.
The pneumatic tool for multi-axis drilling according to.