JPH08209613A - Pavement body having a function of suppressing rise of road surface temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To suppress a rise of road surface temperature by providing a pored surface layer with which water is collected in a water collection layer when it rains and dissipates water in the water collection layer into the atmosphere as water vapor from a surface of a pavement body when it is fine weather. CONSTITUTION: A water collection layer 20 made of asphalt mixture, etc., is provided on a top face of a roadbed 55 through a seal layer 40 made of asphalt membrane etc. A water supply layer 30 made of woven fabric or non-woven fabric made of natural fiber or chemical fiber is provided on a top face of the water collection layer 20. A holed surface layer 10 made of asphalt mixture etc., is provided on a top face of the water supply layer 30 to form a pavement body. Furthermore, water permeation type water drain facility 50 is provided on both sides of the pavement body. Consequently, water at the time of rainfall and spraying is collected in the water collection layer 20 through the holed surface layer 10, and excess water is drained into the water drain facility 50. Moreover, water in the holed surface layer 10 vaporizes when it rains, and surface temperature of the holed surface layer 10 drops due to heat of vaporization.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pavement having a road surface temperature increase suppressing function for suppressing a road surface temperature increase in a road pavement during a summer hot weather and suppressing an atmospheric temperature increase on the road surface. It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The surface temperature of a road pavement, especially the road surface temperature of an asphalt pavement under a hot summer in the midsummer may absorb solar heat and reach nearly 60 ° C. because of its black color tone. In addition, the road temperature of concrete pavement tends to rise more easily than that of soil, though not as much as that of asphalt pavement. Table 1 attached below records changes in the temperature of the midsummer day and the surface temperatures of asphalt pavement, concrete pavement, and soil.

Further, Table 2 records the surface temperature of the pavement that changes due to the heat of vaporization of water when there is rainfall under such conditions. When the surface of the asphalt pavement is in a wet state due to the heat of vaporization of water after that, an increase in the surface temperature of the pavement is temporarily suppressed.

[0004]

[Table 1]

[0005]

[Table 2]

Based on these results, various proposals have been made for a method for controlling the temperature of the pavement using the heat of vaporization of water, cooling air, etc. and the structure of the pavement. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the conventional example 1 of the device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-53610, and FIG.
FIG. 13B is a plan view for explaining the above, and FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 13A. As shown in FIG. 13 (a) or (b), in Conventional Example 1, a heat pipe 72 is buried in a lower layer position of a wheel grounding portion such as a roadway, and the heat pipe 72 accumulates heat accumulated in the pavement 70. Is released into the atmosphere. In addition, FIG.
14A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the conventional example 2 of the invention disclosed in JP-A-6-159886, and FIG. 14A is a cross-sectional view for explaining the conventional example 2, and FIG. b) is a plan view of (a). As shown in FIG. 14 (a) or (b), in this conventional example 2, the paved road surface 71 is wetted with a fine mist of water particles or a thin film of water, and the cooling action at the time of evaporation of water is utilized. After cooling the paved road surface 71,
The heated water is blown off by a device 80 for blowing pressurized air, and further wetted with new mist or a thin film of water.

[0007]

However, in the case of the invention of the above-mentioned conventional example 1, the pavement 70 is a structure which allows the bending caused by the weight of the vehicle, etc. Since the foreign matter having different rigidity such as the heat pipe 72 is sandwiched, the amount of deflection is partially unbalanced, so that the heat pipe 72 or the like may be damaged. In addition, at the time of construction, the heat pipe 7 is buried.
Since the buried position of 2 substantially coincides with the position of the wheels and crawlers of the vehicle or the leveling machine used for the construction, that is, the vehicle running position of the pavement road surface 71, grooving occurs, and further, in the transverse direction. The heat pipe 72 may also have to be worked across the vehicle, which may be difficult to construct.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view for explaining a general construction plane when constructing the pavement body of Conventional Example 1 described above. As shown in FIG. 15, a vehicle 81 such as a dump truck or the like. The laying machine 82 has no choice but to take a construction method that enables the construction work without traveling on the laying surface, and requires a large work space as compared with the case of the conventional construction method. Is a lateral feed device 83 and a rail device 84
A process related to the above is also required, and the construction cost will be expensive.

On the other hand, in the case of the invention of the conventional example 2 described above, the pavement road surface 71 is sprinkled by wetting it with a mist of fine water particles or a thin film of water to lower the road surface temperature. Pressurized air is blown onto the thin film of warmed water to disperse it, and then water is sprayed to form a new mist or a thin film of water for treatment. However, the installation location of the pressurized air blowing device 80 is limited to a location where traveling of a passing vehicle is considered. In addition, the space near the road surface is constantly in a wet state by receiving wind or mist-like water spray from the fan and nozzle of the pressurized air blowing device 80, which makes the vehicle and pedestrians slippery, and further There is a problem that the comfort of walking is deteriorated, such as the clothes getting wet, splashing with water, and ease of walking.

In view of these problems, the present invention has been made, and has a pavement structure which can suppress the temperature rise of the pavement continuously by utilizing the heat of vaporization of water without water remaining on the pavement surface. Therefore, it is composed of a laminated structure made of materials that have a wide surface area and do not have foreign matter that impairs the homogeneity of the pavement on the road surface, and if necessary drainage facilities, and is also used for traveling vehicles. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pavement having a structure that can withstand, and having a function of suppressing a rise in road surface temperature that does not require a special method or device for construction.

According to the present invention, the water permeated from the perforated surface layer at the time of rainfall or the water supply from the water supply facility is stored in the water storage layer or the water supply layer, and in fine weather, the temperature rise of the pavement is suppressed to prevent the perforated surface layer. The structure is a structure that supplies the stored water to the water-permeable pavement structure, which is basically different from the structure of the conventional water-permeable pavement for the purpose of flowing down and permeating the water below the roadbed. The following Table 3 shows the temperature rising tendency of the conventional water permeable pavement. In this Table 3, the water permeable pavement shows almost the same road surface temperature rising tendency as the normal dense-grained asphalt concrete pavement structure. However, it is essentially different from the pavement having the road surface temperature rise suppressing function of the present invention.

[0012]

[Table 3]

[0013]

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has a perforated surface layer and a water storage layer as a first feature of the means for solving the problems. In the pavement, the perforated surface layer permeates moisture in the case of rainfall etc. into the lower water reservoir or stores water from the water supply device in the water reservoir, and is supplied from the lower water reservoir in fine weather. It is configured to have a structure having continuous voids in which the water contained therein is released as steam from the surface of the pavement into the atmosphere.

The second feature is that the perforated surface layer is composed of a water-permeable asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, a petroleum resin mixture, or a porous molded block using these materials. .

As a third feature, the water reservoir is a material having voids and is stabilized with a water-permeable asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, petroleum resin mixture, cement or lime. Gravel, crushed stone stabilized with cement or lime, sand stabilized with cement or lime, artificial aggregate stabilized with cement or lime, gravel, crushed stone, sand, or artificial aggregate, or , Porous cement concrete block or
The inner structure made of porous cement concrete is made of a block having a hollow inner structure.

Further, as a fourth characteristic, the water supply layer is
Woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fiber, which has a function of increasing the water supply capacity from the water storage layer to the perforated surface layer by forming a laminated structure sandwiched between the perforated surface layer and the water storage layer, chemical A woven or non-woven fabric made of fibers, a simple substance of a superabsorbent polymer, a sheet-like cloth containing the superabsorbent polymer, or a porous chemical resin layer.

Further, as a fifth feature, the seal layer is sandwiched between the water storage layer and the roadbed or the roadbed to form a laminated structure, and the water permeated into the water storage layer diffuses into the roadbed or the roadbed. It has the function of preventing the action, and is composed of an asphalt membrane, an asphalt emulsion layer, a laminate of asphalt emulsion and sand, a laminate of asphalt emulsion, sand and aggregate, an asphalt sheet or a chemical resin sheet. .

A sixth feature of the permeable drainage system is that in order to prevent water from flowing out to the surface of the perforated surface layer in the case of rainfall or the like which exceeds the storage capacity of the perforated surface layer or the water reservoir, It has a function of discharging water from the surface layer portion, and is configured by a permeable U-shaped groove, a permeable L-shaped groove, or a permeable curb.

[0019]

The water on the surface of the perforated surface layer, such as when it rains or sprinkles, passes through the continuous voids formed in the perforated surface layer without accumulating and is stored in the water reservoir. When there is rainfall that exceeds the storage capacity of the water reservoir, drainage treatment is performed by the permeable shoulder drainage facility. When the surface temperature of the perforated surface layer rises as the temperature of the atmosphere rises and the water in the pores of the perforated surface layer evaporates, the water in the water storage layer becomes the surface of the perforated surface layer or the pores of the perforated surface layer due to the capillary rising action. It becomes water vapor at and moves. The heat of vaporization at this time lowers the surface temperature of the perforated surface layer and the surface atmospheric temperature of the perforated surface layer.

When it is necessary to increase the water transfer capacity from the water reservoir to the perforated surface layer, a sheet-shaped water supply layer such as a natural fiber is provided between the perforated surface layer and the water reservoir layer. The moisture transfer capability can be increased by forming the layered structure. Furthermore, if it is necessary to prevent the water that has permeated the water reservoir from penetrating into the roadbed or subgrade,
The water-retaining function of the water storage layer is maintained by forming a seal layer made of an asphalt membrane, a chemical resin sheet, or the like in a laminated structure between the water storage layer and the roadbed or roadbed. Further, when the water reservoir has a water supply exceeding the limit of the storage capacity, the water-permeable drainage system additionally provided to the pavement structure prevents the jetting of water on the surface of the perforated surface layer. Drain excess water as planned.

[0021]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The basic structure of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view for explaining the structure of the basic structure of the pavement of the present invention, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining the permeation | transmission of water at the time of rainfall etc. of the pavement structure of 1, and the state of vaporization at the time of fine weather.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a perforated hole having a structure having continuous voids for allowing water to permeate into the lower water reservoir and releasing the water vapor supplied from the lower water reservoir described below into the atmosphere. Reference numeral 20 is a surface layer, a reference numeral 20 is a water storage layer having a porous structure having a storage capacity for water and the like that permeates water from the perforated surface layer, and reference numeral 30 is a transfer amount of water from the water storage layer 20 to the perforated surface layer 10. Is not enough,
Between the perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage layer 20, a sheet-like cloth containing natural fibers, chemical fibers, a simple substance of a water-absorbent polymer or a water-absorbent polymer, or a layer made of a porous chemical resin is formed into a laminated structure. The reference numeral 40 is a water supply layer for forming a water supply layer for strengthening the mutual water replenishment ability between the water storage layer 20 and the perforated surface layer 10, and reference numeral 40 is a layer composed of an asphalt membrane, an asphalt emulsion layer, an asphalt emulsion and sand. , A laminate consisting of asphalt emulsion, sand and aggregate, an asphalt sheet, or a chemical resin sheet or the like, in the case of preventing the water permeated into the water reservoir 20 from penetrating into the roadbed or the roadbed 55 described later, A seal layer for strengthening the water retaining function of the water storage layer 20 by forming a laminated structure between the water storage layer 20 and the roadbed 55 or the like, and reference numeral 5 Is a water-permeable drainage facility for draining surplus water by preventing spouting of stagnant water on the surface of the perforated surface layer 10 when water exceeding the storage capacity limit is supplied to the water storage layer 20. 55 indicates a roadbed.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 indicates the permeation of water from the perforated surface layer 10 into the water storage layer 20 due to rainfall, and reference numeral 12 indicates vaporization from the water storage layer 20 to the perforated surface layer 10 and water movement due to capillary rise. Further, reference numeral 13 indicates a state in which the drainage treatment is performed when the perforated surface layer 10 has a water supply exceeding the limit of the storage capacity.

The perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage layer 20, which are essential structures of the present invention, that is, structures that must be provided as a road surface temperature rise suppressing function, will be described.

The perforated surface layer 10 is the perforated surface layer 1 as described above.
0 has a structure having continuous voids that allow water on the surface to permeate into the lower water reservoir and also allow water to move from the lower water reservoir 20 by capillary action or vaporization. Is the layer that is used for traffic such as vehicle wheels and pedestrians. Therefore, it is necessary to select a material for the paving material of the perforated surface layer 10 that allows the bending caused by the load of the vehicle or the like and is excellent in the permeability of water and the like. Specifically, it is a water-permeable asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, a petroleum resin mixture, or the like, but a block formed of these materials may be used.

The water storage layer 20 is a layer for storing water in the perforated surface layer 10 as described above, and is made of a material having a strength capable of withstanding a load such as a vehicle through the perforated surface layer 10 which is the surface layer. You have to choose. Therefore, a structure having a large number of continuous voids is required to store water, and a porous block or a porous material having continuous voids may be used. Specifically, asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, petroleum resin mixture, gravel, crushed stone, sand, artificial aggregate, gravel stabilized with cement or lime, crushed stone stabilized with cement or lime, The sand that is stabilized with cement or lime, the artificial aggregate that is stabilized with cement or lime, and the like, but a block formed from these materials may be used.

In addition, the selected structure of the pavement, that is, the structure other than the perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage layer 20, which are indispensable structures, is the type of material of the perforated surface layer 10 and the type of material of the water storage layer 20. The water supply capacity of the roadbed 56 or the roadbed 55, the drainage capacity of the perforated surface layer 10, the traffic conditions, and the like. The water-permeable drainage facility 50 will be described.

First, in the water supply layer 30, as described above, the material type or continuous void amount of the perforated surface layer 10, the material type or void amount of the water storage layer 20, or the perforated surface layer 1 is used.
Depending on the combination of 0 and the water storage layer 20, when it is necessary to enhance the ability of the water in the water storage layer 20 to move to the perforated surface layer 10, it is provided in a laminated form between the perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage layer 20. Has been. Therefore, it is necessary to select a material / structure for the water supply layer 20 that facilitates absorption of water and that can also follow strain caused by a vehicle or the like. Specifically, a woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers, a woven or non-woven fabric made of chemical fibers, a single superabsorbent polymer, a sheet-like cloth containing the superabsorbent polymer, or a porous chemical resin thin film layer. It is a thing of.

When the water storage layer 20 is made of a material having a large capillary ascending action, which is a water transfer action, fine weather continues to evaporate the water in the perforated surface layer 10 and the capillary ascending action causes the water inside the water reservoir layer 20 to evaporate. Of water is transferred to the upper surface of the water storage layer 20 or the perforated surface layer 10, and vaporization of water occurs on the upper surface of the water storage layer 20 or the perforated surface layer 10, and the effect of suppressing an increase in the road surface temperature is suppressed. When it is obtained, it is not necessary to provide the water supply layer 30. However, in the case of the water storage layer 20 made of a material having a small capillary raising effect, or when it is desired to further increase the effect of suppressing the rise in the road surface temperature, the water holding layer 20 has a capillary raising action of water on the perforated surface layer 10. The ability to suppress the rise in surface temperature may be insufficient only by supplying water or vaporizing.

In such a case, the water supply layer 30 is provided between the perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage layer 20 in a laminated structure to increase the water supply capacity of the perforated surface layer 10 by the water supply layer 30. You can Therefore, the presence or absence of the water supply layer 30 is determined by the magnitude of the capillary raising action of the water storage layer 20, as shown in FIG. 3, in order to make the vaporization depth of the water shallower than the water storage layer 20.

As a guide for installing the water supply layer 30, the relationship between the size of the gap in the water storage layer 20 and the height of the capillary rise can be calculated by the following equation 1.

[0032]

[Formula 1] Hc = 2 · Ts · cos α / (r · γw)

In the above formula 1, Hc is the height (cm) of the capillary rise, and Ts is the surface tension (76.
4 × 10 ⁻³ g / cm), α is the contact angle between the meniscus and the tube wall, r is the radius of the tube (cm) when the gap is circular, and γw is the density of water (1 g at 15 ° C.). / Cm
³ ) Table 4 below shows the relationship between the size of the gap and the rising height of the capillary when α = 0.

[0034]

[Table 4]

For example, if the capillary rise height is 50 mm,
The size of the gap is about 0.6 mm (r = 0.3 mm), which is the boundary for installing the water supply layer 30. Usually, the size of the gap is said to correspond to 1/5 of the average particle size or 10% of the cumulative particle size curve. In this case, the average particle size is 3 mm or 10 mm.
The% particle size of 0.6 mm is the boundary for setting the water supply layer. In addition, in the case of a perforated surface layer with a thickness of 5 cm and 100 kg / m ² , it is necessary to cool the road surface temperature from 50 ° C to 40 ° C.
The water content per m ² is 1 J / (g
* ° C) and the heat of vaporization of water calculated from 2430 J / g is 1 × 100,000 × 10/2430 = 412 (g /
m ² ), which is a small amount of about 0.4 mm at the water depth.

Next, the sealing layer 40 retains water from the perforated surface layer 10 depending on the type and structure of the water storage layer 20, the roadbed 56 or the roadbed 55 below the water storage layer 20, or the longitudinal and transverse gradient of the road. This is provided when the water that has permeated the layer 20 permeates the roadbed 56 or the roadbed 55 and is not stored in the water storage layer 20. Specifically, it is an asphalt membrane, an asphalt emulsion layer, a laminate of asphalt emulsion and sand, a laminate of asphalt emulsion, sand and aggregate, an asphalt sheet, or a chemical resin sheet.
However, when the lower layer of the water reservoir 20 is a subgrade 55 such as cohesive soil or silty soil, or a subgrade 56 that is finely compacted and well compacted, and has a hydraulic conductivity of 10 ^-6 cm / sec or less. Does not require the sealing layer 40.

Further, the water-permeable drainage facility 50 has a perforated surface layer 10
In addition, when there is rainfall or water spattering that exceeds the water content that can be stored in the water storage layer 30, it is possible to drain water from the perforated surface layer 10 in order to prevent water retention or jetting on the surface of the perforated surface layer 10. A drainage facility having a structure, specifically, a permeable U-shaped groove, a permeable L-shaped groove, a permeable curb, and the like.

A schematic diagram of water movement of the pavement of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure is shown in FIG. 3. In this FIG.
(A) and (b) both show a water reservoir 20 made of a material having a large capillary raising action, (a) shows the porous surface layer 10 made of a material having a large capillary raising action, and (b) shows a capillary raising action. It shows the water movement when it is composed of a material having a small action. On the other hand, (c) shows water movement when the water reservoir layer 20 is made of a material having a small capillary raising action and the perforated surface layer 10 is made of a material having a large capillary raising action. A water supply layer 30 is provided to compensate for the water movement of the capillary rising action of 20. Further, (d) shows water movement when the water reservoir layer 20 is made of a material having a large capillary raising action and the perforated surface layer 10 is made of a material having a small capillary raising action. A water supply layer 30 is provided to compensate for the water movement of the surface layer 10 due to the capillary raising action. Of the pavement structures, two types of essential structures and three types of selective structures have been described. The first to eighth examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings of FIGS. 4 to 11. A more specific description will be given.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a first embodiment and a second embodiment suitable for a roadway on which a lightly loaded vehicle such as a sidewalk or a passenger car travels. The first embodiment and FIG. 5 of FIG. 4 are shown. The porous surface layer 10 of the second embodiment is a water-permeable asphalt mixture having a porosity of 15 to 30%, and the water storage layer 20 is a porous natural gravel having a porosity of 15 to 30%.
3 shows a pavement having a structure with the composition of. In this case, since the moisture storage layer 20 has a good capillary rise of moisture, it is not necessary to install the moisture supply layer 30 in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In addition, the first embodiment of FIG.
Shows the case of cohesive soil or silty soil, and in this case, the seal layer 40 is unnecessary. The second embodiment of FIG. 5 shows the case where the roadbed 55 is sand or gravel soil, and in this case, asphalt membranes by asphalt spraying are applied in layers as a seal layer. In both of the examples, a water-permeable drainage facility 50 for preventing water retention, which is excess water on the surface of the perforated surface layer 10, is provided.
As above, a water permeable U-shaped groove on one side is installed.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment, which are structures applied to a road on which a large vehicle runs. The perforated surface layer 10 and the water storage of both embodiments are shown. Layer 20 shows the structure of a pavement which is a mixture of water-permeable asphalt and has a porosity of 15 to 30%.
Moisture Reservoir 20 in Third and Fourth Examples
Since the water-permeable asphalt mixture of No. 1 has a good water capillary rise, the water supply layer 30 is not necessary. Then, below the water storage layer 20, the roadbed 5 that disperses the load of the vehicle or the like.
6 is provided, but as shown in the fourth embodiment of FIG. 7, when the roadbed material has a high water permeability, the sealing layer 40 is provided.
However, in this embodiment, the seal layer 40 is a laminate of emulsion and sand. In addition,
In both of the examples, an upper one-sided permeable U-shaped groove, which is a permeable drainage facility 50 for preventing water retention on the surface of the perforated surface layer 10, is constructed.

FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment and a sixth embodiment, which are structures applied to a road on which a large vehicle runs, like the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment. The pavement body in which the perforated surface layer 10 of both examples is a mixture of petroleum resin with a porosity of 15 to 30%, and the water storage layer 20 is a water-permeable cement concrete with a porosity of 15 to 30%. The structure of is shown. A natural fiber cloth is used as the water supply layer 30 in order to compensate for the rise of water in the water-permeable cement concrete in the water storage layer 20 in the fifth and sixth embodiments. Further, a roadbed or the like 55 for distributing the load of the vehicle or the like is provided in the lower layer of the water storage layer 20. However, as shown in the sixth embodiment of FIG. 9, when the roadbed material has a large water permeability coefficient, a seal is formed. Layer 40
However, in this embodiment, an asphalt sheet is used as the seal layer 40.

10 or 11 shows a pavement having the same structure as that of the first embodiment of FIG. 4, but FIG. 10 shows water supply from a water supply facility for supplying water to the perforated surface layer 10 from the outside of the pavement. The 7th example which installs piping 45 is shown, and also
FIG. 11 illustrates an eighth embodiment in which a water supply pipe 45 from a water supply facility that supplies water from the outside of the pavement is installed in the water storage layer 20. In both the seventh embodiment and the eighth embodiment, water is forcibly supplied from the outside of the pavement in a place where water is not sufficiently supplied to the perforated surface layer 10 or the water storage layer 20 in regions such as regions where the amount of rainfall in summer is small. Connect the water supply pipe 45 from the water supply facility that performs the operation to the perforated surface layer 10 or the water reservoir 2
Although it shows the case where it is installed at 0, this water supply pipe 45
By installing the above, the same effects as those of the embodiments described in the first to sixth embodiments can be obtained. FIG.
0 or the seventh and eighth embodiments illustrated in FIG.
Although the state where the water supply pipe 45 is installed is shown based on the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the seventh embodiment is performed by installing the water supply pipe 45 in any of the second embodiment to the sixth embodiment. As a matter of course, the same effect as the example or the eighth embodiment can be obtained.

In order to evaluate the effect of suppressing the road surface temperature, a pseudo-solar radiation test by artificial lamp irradiation was carried out on representative materials of the above-mentioned essential structure and selective structure. The test results will be described below.

This pseudo-solar radiation test is intended to grasp the state of latent heat transfer of moisture in the pavement,
A specimen molded in a room is irradiated with a lamp (pseudo-solar radiation), and the situation of temperature change due to the difference in water content of the specimen is measured to understand the situation of latent heat transfer.

FIG. 12 shows a test device which has been subjected to a pseudo solar radiation test, and includes a test piece 60, a lamp (light projector 500W) 61 which is an artificial sun, a stand (not shown) of this lamp, and a platform scale 63. PC 64 and shading stand 65
A lamp cover 66, a CBR mold 67, a thermocouple 68, and a data logger 69 which is a measurement recording device.

Further, the details of the specimens to be measured in this test are shown in Table 5 below.

[0047]

[Table 5]

Here, the preparation of each sample shown in Table 5 will be described. The water-permeable asphalt mixture is cut out from a black and white specimen (length 300 mm x width 600 mm x height 50 mm) 60 as a core with a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 50 mm. Then, after the core is dried, it is fixed inside the lower portion of the CBR mold 67 which is formed into a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 150 mm. In the case of the wet sample 60, a treatment such as covering with a bag of vinyl or the like is performed to prevent water leakage from the bottom of the sample.

Next, Kanto Loam puts the sample in C with a bottom plate.
Inserted in BR mold 67, the thickness of specimen 60 is 50mm
However, the compaction density of the test piece 60 at this time was compacted so as to be the same as that at the time of test paving.

Further, in the test piece 60 in which the pores of the water-permeable asphalt mixture were filled with fine aggregate, a bucket containing No. 8 silica sand was placed on the vibration table, and the water-permeable asphalt mixture was buried in the bucket. And then started the table. After about 10 minutes, the water-permeable asphalt mixture filled with silica sand was taken out.

The upper layer is a black permeable asphalt mixture,
Specimen 60, which has a two-layer structure with the lower layer being Kanto Loam
Insert Kanto loam into CBR mold 67 with bottom plate,
The test piece was compacted to a thickness of 50 mm, and the dry water-permeable asphalt mixture was placed on the upper layer of the Kanto loam to a thickness of 50 mm to form a two-layer structure.

The water-permeable asphalt mixture was soaked in water after completion of the measurement in a dry state, and the water content of the Kanto loam was adjusted to a set water content ratio.
The sample 60 in a wet state was covered with a vinyl bag so that water did not leak from the bottom of the sample 60.

A lamp which is an artificial sun (light projector 500W)
61, a calibration method for measuring the infrared radiation amount that approximates the solar radiation amount will be described. Specimen 6
The paper part of the same type as the CBR mold 67 (diameter 15
(0 mm x height 175 mm) and a lamp cover 66 are arranged, and the lamp 61 is installed on the upper part thereof. Next, the height of the lamp 61 was adjusted so that the amount of solar radiation of the lamp 61 was the height H ₁ at which the infrared radiation amount (R ₀ = 0.5 to 0.7 KW / m ² ) was an approximate value of sunlight. .

The height of the lamp 61 satisfying the range of the infrared radiation amount R ₀ is determined by the calibration of the measurement of the infrared radiation amount as described above, and the pseudo solar radiation test of each sample 60 is performed by the following steps. It was

As shown in FIG. 12, CB is first placed on the platform scale 63.
The test piece 60 to which the R mold 67 was attached was placed. The measurement environment at this time was a constant temperature and humidity room, which is a place that is not affected by the outside temperature and wind.

Next, thermocouples 68 were attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the specimen 60. When the specimen 60 is a water-permeable asphalt mixture, the tip of the thermocouple 68 is 5 mm in the void of the aggregate.
5 to 10 mm from each side of the specimen 60 when it is inserted into the specimen 60 and when the specimen 60 is a soil system such as Kanto loam
The thermocouple 68 is installed so as to be buried in a certain position, and in the case of a two-layer structure, the thermocouple 68 is attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper layer.
Attached. After the completion of this treatment, a light-shielding base 65 and a lamp cover 66 are placed on the upper part of the test piece 60, and the lamp 61 is fixed at a position 45 cm above the surface of the test piece 60, which is a height corresponding to the lamp height H _1. went.

The lamp 61 was turned on to start irradiation, and temperature data measured at 2 minute intervals from the specimen 60 were input to the data logger 69 and weight data was input to the personal computer 64 for recording. The irradiation time of the lamp 61 was continuously irradiated until the temperature change of the test piece 60 was about ± 1 ° C. per hour.

The temperature suppression effect data of each sample 60 obtained by such a measuring method is attached below, and the water content of each sample 60 measured in a wet state is obtained by the following formula. It was Formula 2 is a formula for obtaining the water content of the permeable asphalt mixture or the Kanto Loam sample 60, and Formula 3 is for the sample 60 in which the pores in the surface of the permeable asphalt mixture are filled with fine aggregate. Formula 4 is a formula for calculating the water content, and Formula 4 is a formula for calculating the water content of the two-layer structure test piece 60 of the permeable asphalt mixture and the Kanto loam. However, regarding the water content ratio of the two-layer structure, the water content ratio of only the lower layer was calculated using Equation 4 as the upper layer was in a dry state.

[0059]

[Formula 2] Moisture content = weight of water contained in specimen / dry weight of specimen × 100 (%)

[0060]

[Formula 3] Moisture content = (moisture weight contained in (permeable asphalt mixture + fine aggregate) / dry weight of (permeable asphalt mixture + fine aggregate) x 100 (%)

[0061]

[Formula 4] Water content ratio = Weight of water contained in lower layer specimen / Dry weight of lower layer specimen x 100 (%)

[0062]

[Table 6]

[0063]

[Table 7]

[0064]

[Table 8]

[0065]

[Table 9]

[0066]

[Table 10]

[0067]

[Table 11]

[0068]

[Table 12]

[0069]

[Table 13]

[0070]

[Table 14]

[0071]

[Table 15]

[0072]

[Table 16]

[0073]

[Table 17]

From the results of the pseudo solar radiation test on various perforated surface layers, the temperature suppression effect was compared for the wet and dry specimens, and it was found that the upper surface of the specimen was 5-1.
The effect of suppressing the surface temperature of 0 ° C. was confirmed.

Table 18 attached below compares the effect of suppressing the road surface temperature between the pavement of the present invention and the conventional general pavement constructed on an actual road. In this Table 18, a material having a mixture of a water-permeable asphalt mixture (black) and a porosity of 25% is used for the perforated surface layer of the present invention, and a material having a mixture of the water-permeable asphalt mixture and a porosity of 27% is used for the water storage layer. did. Comparing the effect of suppressing increase in road surface temperature at high temperature in summer for both pavements based on Table 18, it is possible to reduce the maximum temperature by about 20% in the present invention as compared with a general pavement, In addition, it was possible to obtain a gradual tendency for the rise in road surface temperature.

[0076]

[Table 18]

[0077]

According to the pavement having the function of suppressing the rise in the road surface temperature according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. When the surface temperature of the perforated surface layer rises as the temperature of the atmosphere rises and the water on the surface of the perforated surface layer or in the voids is vaporized,
Due to the capillary rising action, the water in the water reservoir continues to move on the surface of the perforated surface layer or in the voids of the perforated surface layer, and the moving action of the water due to the capillary rising. The vaporization heat at this time has an effect of lowering the surface temperature of the perforated surface layer and the atmospheric temperature near the surface of the perforated surface layer.

On the actual road, the pavement of the present invention and the conventional general pavement were measured and compared with each other in terms of the increase in the road surface temperature at the time of high temperature in summer, and as a result, the maximum pavement of the present invention was higher than that of the general pavement. It is possible to reduce the temperature by about 20%, and it is possible to obtain a gradual tendency for the road surface temperature to rise. Therefore, it is effective as a means of eliminating the heat island phenomenon in urban areas with many paved roads.

Further, since the water drains after rain more quickly than general pavements, the running safety of the vehicle will not be impaired due to the deterioration of the visibility due to slips and water splashes, and for pedestrians. It is possible to suppress the sensible temperature and to increase the comfort at the time of walking due to the fact that there is no puddle, slipperiness and easy walking.

Further, due to the structure of the pavement itself of the present invention, moisture on the surface of the perforated surface layer during rainfall or water sprinkling passes through continuous voids formed in the perforated surface layer without accumulating and retains water. In addition to being stored in a layer, even if there is rainfall or the like that exceeds the storage capacity of the water storage layer, drainage treatment is performed by the permeable drainage facility.

[0081]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a basic structure of a pavement body of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of water permeation and vaporization of the pavement structure of FIG. 1 during rainfall or the like.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of water movement in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cross section of a pavement according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a fourth example of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a fifth example of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view illustrating a section of a pavement body according to an eighth example of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a test device for a pseudo solar radiation test.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first conventional example.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a second conventional example.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a general construction plane when constructing the pavement body of Conventional Example 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Perforated Surface Layer 20 Moisture Storage Layer 30 Moisture Supply Layer 40 Sealing Layer 45 Water Supply Pipe 50 Permeable Drainage Equipment 55 Roadbed 56 Roadbed 60 Specimen 61 Lamp 63 Units 64 Personal Computer 66 Lamp Cover 67 CBR Mold 68 Thermocouple 69 Data Logger 70 Pavement 71 Road surface 72 Heat pipe 80 Pressurized air blowing device 81 Vehicle 82 Leveling machine 83 Traverse device 84 Rail device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A pavement having a perforated surface layer and a water storage layer, wherein the perforated surface layer permeates moisture during a rain or the like into a lower water reservoir or stores water from a water supply device in the water reservoir. At the same time, the pavement having a function of suppressing a rise in road surface temperature, which is characterized by having a structure having a continuous void that releases the water supplied from the lower water storage layer as water vapor into the atmosphere from the surface of the pavement in fine weather. body. 2. The road surface temperature according to claim 1, wherein the perforated surface layer comprises an asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, a petroleum resin mixture, or a porous molded block using these materials. A pavement that has the function of suppressing the rise of the road. 3. The water reservoir is a material having voids, and is stabilized with asphalt mixture, cement concrete, cement mortar, petroleum resin mixture, gravel stabilized with cement or lime, cement or lime. Crushed stone applied, sand stabilized by cement or lime, artificial aggregate, gravel, crushed stone, sand stabilized by cement or lime, or
The pavement having a road surface temperature increase suppressing function according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an artificial aggregate, a porous cement concrete block, or a block having a hollow inner structure made of porous cement concrete. body. 4. A water supply layer is sandwiched between the perforated surface layer and the water storage layer to form a laminated structure, and has a function of increasing the water supply capacity from the water storage layer to the perforated surface layer, Woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers, woven or non-woven fabric made of chemical fibers, simple superabsorbent polymer, sheet-like cloth containing superabsorbent polymer, or porous chemical resin layer The pavement having the road surface temperature increase suppressing function according to claim 1. 5. The seal layer forms a laminated structure by being sandwiched between the water storage layer and the roadbed or roadbed, and has a function of preventing water permeated into the water storage layer from permeating and diffusing into the roadbed or roadbed. The road surface according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an asphalt membrane, an asphalt emulsion layer, a laminate consisting of an asphalt emulsion and sand, a laminate consisting of an asphalt emulsion, sand and an aggregate, an asphalt sheet or a chemical resin sheet. A pavement that has the function of suppressing temperature rise. 6. A permeable drainage system is provided to prevent water from flowing out to the surface of the perforated surface layer in order to prevent water from flowing out to the surface of the perforated surface layer due to rainfall or the like which exceeds the storage capacity of the perforated surface layer or the water reservoir. The pavement having a function of discharging water and comprising a water-permeable U-shaped groove, a water-permeable L-shaped groove, or a water-permeable curb, having a road surface temperature increase suppressing function according to claim 1.