JPH08206535A - Pneumatic pulverizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a pneumatic pulverizer in which a weighing means is miniaturized and also whose weighing accuracy is high and whose pulverizing accuracy is not lowered by weighing almost only a material to be pulverized without weighing a lower pulverizing chamber. CONSTITUTION: Since, of the surfaces of a storage bed, fluidization is hardly made on that on the sidewall side of a pulverizing chamber 1 and fluidization is made on that near the center, the piled quantity of a raw material corresponding to the diameter of the fluidized bed is received by a bottom member 11 to measure the weight thereof by a weighing means 13. Since the diameter of the fluidized bed is considerably smaller than that of the pulverizing chamber 1, the weight of the raw material on the bottom member 11 is also small, and since the weight of the bottom member 11 as tare is also small, load (weight) placed on the weighing means 13 is small. Since the load of the weighing means 13 is small, a minute change of the accumulated quantity is easily detected.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air flow type crusher for crushing raw materials such as metals, chemical products and minerals having a grain size of several tens of microns or less by utilizing fluid energy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in this kind of air flow type crusher, that is, a jet mill, the upper part (30 to 30) above the central axis of the fluid nozzle is used.
When the raw material is filled (stored) to about 50 mm), the most efficient pulverization is performed, and the efficiency is reduced if it is more or less than the optimum level. That is,
If the amount is more than the predetermined level, the movement of the raw material is restricted and the grinding energy becomes small. On the other hand, if the amount is too small, the raw materials that collide with each other are lost, and the grinding energy becomes small. Therefore, it is necessary to control the supply amount so as to keep the amount of the raw material in the crushing chamber at the optimum level. There are various means for maintaining the optimum level, but part 1
One example is a method of weighing the amount of raw material stored in the crushing chamber, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-5892 (see FIG. 6). In FIG. 5, a is an upper grinding chamber,
It has a hopper b and a rotary feeder c on the upper side thereof so as to supply the object to be crushed to the upper crushing chamber a. Reference numeral d denotes an annular header provided around the lower part of the upper crushing chamber, and this header is fixed together with the upper crushing chamber a by a mount e. Reference numeral f denotes a lower crushing chamber, a plurality of fluid nozzles g are provided on the side wall thereof, and the nozzles are communicated with the header d. An exhaust duct h is connected to the upper end of the upper crushing chamber a, and a classifier i is provided in this duct. The classifier i is driven by a motor (not shown). j is a connecting means for connecting the upper and lower crushing chambers a and f, which is made of a flexible and airtight material such as rubber. Further, a plurality of brackets k provided on the outer side of the peripheral wall of the lower crushing chamber f are fixed, and the brackets are supported by a compression type load cell m as a weighing means, whereby the lower crushing chamber f including the own weight of the lower crushing chamber f.
The total weight of the crushed material stored inside is the compression type load cell m
It is designed to measure at. The weight of the raw material stored as described above is measured by the compression type load cell. That is, since the value weighed by the load cell includes the own weight (weight) of the lower crushing chamber, the net weight of the stock material can be known by subtracting the tare weight. The feed amount of the raw material is controlled by a method such as controlling the rotary feeder based on the measured value of the load cell so that the net weight becomes the optimum level.

[0003]

However, the above conventional one requires a large capacity load cell for weighing the total weight of the raw material weight and the lower crushing chamber, and the accuracy of the load cell is generally the rated load. Therefore, there is a problem that the weighing accuracy is lowered. Further, in the case of a raw material having a relatively small true specific gravity (3 or less), it is not so difficult to keep the optimum level constant, but a true specific gravity such as metal is 5 to 8
Larger ones have the problem that the crushing accuracy will decrease even if the level changes a little.

The present invention has been made in order to improve the above-mentioned problems. By weighing only the weight of the crushed object (hereinafter referred to as raw material) without weighing the weight of the lower crushing chamber, It is an object of the present invention to provide an air flow type crusher which has high weighing accuracy and does not reduce crushing accuracy as well as downsizing of means.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, an air flow type crusher of the present invention has a plurality of fluid nozzles directed to the center of the crushing chamber on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber supported by a mount. The bottom member of the crushing chamber is provided with an opening, and a bottom member is vertically fitted into the opening, and the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and the bottom member is That is, it is placed on the weighing means arranged on the ground or on the machine base.

Further, a plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber supported by the mount so as to face the center of the crushing chamber,
An opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, a bottom member is vertically fitted into the opening, and the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall through a soft connecting means, and a plurality of bottom walls of the crushing chamber are connected. A piece of support material is hung down, a bottom plate is attached to the lower end of the support material, weighing means is provided between the bottom plate and the bottom member, and adjusting means is provided between the weighing means and the bottom plate. Is. Further, a plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber supported by the gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically fitted in the opening. Disguise,
Connecting the bottom member to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means,
A bottom plate that hangs a cylindrical body surrounding the bottom member and the connecting means from the bottom wall of the crushing chamber and closes the lower end of the cylindrical body is provided.
The weighing means is provided between the bottom member and the bottom plate, and the adjusting means is provided between the weighing means and the bottom plate.
Further, a plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber supported by the gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically fitted in the opening. And connecting the bottom member to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and providing a support member protruding laterally from the bottom member, and providing a plurality of support members between the support member and the bottom wall. That is, the weighing means is provided.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the compressed fluid supplied from the fluid nozzle into the crushing chamber becomes a jet jet and is jetted toward the center of the raw material reservoir. The raw material is entrained by this jet stream, and the raw materials are crushed and pulverized while repeating collision and friction with each other. The finely pulverized fine powder rises with an ascending air current. A constant reservoir layer (deposition height) is formed by continuing the pulverization and supplying the raw materials in a fixed amount. In the crushed state, the side wall of the crushing chamber of the surface of the storage layer hardly flows, and the surface near the center flows. Therefore, the bottom member receives the accumulated amount of the raw material corresponding to the diameter of this flowing part. The weight is weighed by the weighing means. The weight value weighed by the weighing means includes that of the bottom member, but since the own weight of this bottom member is known and constant, the net value of the raw material on the bottom member is subtracted from this known value as the tare weight. You can know the weight. When the balance between the pulverization and the supply of the raw material is lost, the height of the deposited raw material changes.
Due to this fluctuation, the weight of the raw material on the bottom member also changes. The changing weight of the raw material is detected by the weighing means, and based on the detection result, the supply of the raw material is controlled so that the deposition height is always at the optimum level. As described above, since the diameter of the flow section is considerably smaller than the diameter of the crushing chamber, the weight of the raw material on the bottom member is also small, and the weight of the bottom member as the tare is also small. Therefore, the load (weight value) applied to the weighing means
Can be small. Moreover, since the load on the weighing means is small, a minute change (fluctuation) in the amount of deposition (height of the raw material of the deposited layer) can be easily detected. Furthermore, since the crushing chamber is integrated and is mounted and fixed on the pedestal, vibration of the crushing chamber due to ejection of fluid from the fluid nozzle is suppressed.

According to the second aspect, since the weighing means can be located at the upper part apart from the ground by the support material and the bottom plate, it is easy to set the weighing means and adjust the bottom member in the vertical direction by the adjusting means. Is. According to the third aspect, since the weighing means can be located at the upper portion apart from the ground by the cylindrical body and the bottom plate, it is easy to set the weighing means and adjust the bottom member in the vertical direction by the adjusting means. . Further, by making the tubular body and the bottom plate airtight, leakage of fluid to the outside or inflow of air from the outside is prevented. According to the fourth aspect, since the weighing means can be positioned above the ground by the support member, it is easy to set the weighing means and vertically adjust the bottom member by the adjusting means.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment, in which FIG. 1 shows a crushing chamber fixedly supported by a gantry 2 at a distance from the ground or a machine base (not shown). A feeder 4 and a chute 5 are provided. 6
Is a plurality of fluid nozzles provided in the lower lower position of the crushing chamber 1, and these nozzles are connected to a compressed fluid generation source (for example, a compressor) 7 via a conduit 8. Air or nitrogen gas is used as the fluid. Reference numeral 9 is a bottom wall of the crushing chamber 1, and an opening 10 is formed in this bottom wall. Reference numeral 11 denotes a bottom member arranged in the opening 10 of the bottom wall 9, and this bottom member has a projecting portion 11a at its lower portion. The outer diameter of the bottom member 11 is fitted in the opening 10 with a slight gap, and the bottom member 11 can be slightly moved up and down in the opening 10. Reference numeral 12 denotes a flexible connecting means. The lower end of the connecting means is connected to the overhanging portion 11a of the bottom member 11, and the upper end is connected to the bottom wall 9 via the bolt 12a.
The connecting means 12 has a high airtightness, such as a rubberized cloth, and is made of a material that does not hinder the movement of the bottom member 11 and prevents the fluid in the crushing chamber 1 from leaking. Reference numeral 13 is a weighing means including a compression type load cell or the like installed on the ground or on a machine stand (not shown), and the bottom member 11 is placed on the weighing detection portion 13a. Thus, the weight of the deposited raw material on the bottom member 11 including the own weight (weight) of the bottom member 11 is detected. Reference numeral 14 is an airflow type classifier such as a centrifugal force type provided in the upper part of the crushing chamber 1, and comprises a motor 14a installed in the upper part of the crushing chamber 1 and a classifying rotor 14b which rotates at high speed by this motor. Reference numeral 15 denotes a fine powder discharge pipe, which is connected to a blower 17 via a product collector 16.

In the above embodiment, the raw material is supplied from the hopper 3 through the rotary feeder 4 and the chute 5 into the crushing chamber 1 in a fixed amount, and a raw material storage layer is formed below the crushing chamber 1.
In the raw material storage state, the compressed fluid is supplied to the fluid nozzle 6 through the compressed fluid generation source 7. The compressed fluid (air) supplied to the fluid nozzle 6 becomes a jet jet flow and is jetted into the reservoir layer. The raw material is entangled by this jet stream, and the raw material is crushed and pulverized while repeating collision and friction with each other. The finely pulverized fine powder rises with an ascending airflow, is classified at a classification point having a predetermined particle size by an airflow type classifier 14, and enters the collector 16 from the discharge pipe 15 together with air to be separated into fine powder and an airstream. The fine powder is collected as a product from the lower portion of the collector 16, and the air is discharged to the atmosphere via the air blower 17. The coarse powder that does not pass through the airflow classifier 14 descends along the side wall of the crushing chamber 1 onto the storage layer and is crushed again. On the other hand, although the height of the storage layer is reduced by the above-mentioned pulverization, the raw material commensurate with the reduced amount is supplied from the rotary feeder 4 in a fixed amount so that a constant storage layer height (H) is constantly formed.

In the crushed state, the surface of the storage layer on the side wall of the crushing chamber 1 of the surface of the storage layer hardly flows, which means that the storage layer on the side wall does not change much and its weight also changes. Few. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the center of the reservoir layer, the weight of the reservoir changes with the flow. Therefore, when the intersection of the non-fluid portion and the fluid portion on the surface of the reservoir layer (starting point of the fluidized bed) is Z, if the weight of the raw material corresponding to the deposition height in the circle of this starting point Z is measured (measured), The change in the weight can be accurately grasped. That is, if the diameter within the starting point Z circle and the diameter (B) of the bottom member 11 are made substantially the same, the weight of the raw material on the bottom member 11, that is, the outer diameter dimension (B) of the bottom member 11 × the storage layer The weight within the volume of the height (H) and the weight of the bottom member 11 are weighed by the weighing means 13 via the weighing detection unit 13a. Although the weight value weighed by the weighing means 13 includes the weight of the bottom member 11,
Since the weight of the bottom member 11 is known and constant, the known value is subtracted as the tare weight to obtain the bottom member 11
You can know the net weight of the above ingredients. When the balance between the rise of fine powder due to the above-mentioned pulverization and the supply of the raw material is disrupted, the height (C) of the raw material in the reservoir changes. Due to this variation, the weight of the raw material on the bottom member 11 also changes, and thus the changing weight of the raw material is detected by the weighing means 13, and based on the detection result, the rotary feeder 4 is controlled to increase or decrease the supply amount of the raw material. However, the height (C) of the raw material is always at the optimum level.

As described above, by making the diameter (B) of the bottom member 11 substantially the same as the circular inner diameter of the starting point Z of the fluidized bed,
Since this diameter (B) is considerably smaller than the diameter (A) of the crushing chamber 1 (usually less than 1/2), the weight of the raw material on it is also small, and the weight of the bottom member 11 as a tare is also small. . Therefore, the load (weight value) of the sum of both weights applied to the weighing means 13 is small, and as a result, the weighing means 13 can be made small. Moreover,
By miniaturizing the weighing means 13, it is possible to easily detect a minute change (fluctuation) in the deposited amount (height of the raw material). It is particularly effective when the true specific gravity is large. further,
Since the crushing chamber 1 is integrated and mounted and fixed on the pedestal 2, the crushing chamber 1 does not vibrate due to the ejection of the fluid from the fluid nozzle 6, and the deterioration of the weighing accuracy due to the vibration is extremely low. small.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same parts as those in the above embodiment. FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment, in which 1 is a grinding chamber similar to that of the above embodiment, 6 is a plurality of fluid nozzles, 9 is a bottom wall of the grinding chamber 1, 10 is an opening, 11 is a bottom member, It has an overhanging portion 11a. 12 is a flexible connecting means, 12a
Is a bolt for connection. Reference numeral 13 is a weighing means such as a compression type load cell, which is placed on a bottom plate 19 connected to the lower end of a supporting member 18 hanging from the bottom wall 9, and the bottom member 11 is placed on the weighing detecting portion 13a. Place it. In addition,
The weighing means 13 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by an adjusting means 20 formed of a bolt screwed to the bottom plate 19. 21
Is a fixing bolt for adjustment.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment. In FIG. 4, 1 is a grinding chamber similar to that of the above embodiment, 6 is a plurality of fluid nozzles, and 9 is a fluid nozzle.
Is a bottom wall of the crushing chamber 1, 10 is an opening, 11 is a bottom member, and has an overhanging portion 11a. 12 is a flexible connecting means, 12
a is a connecting bolt. Numeral 13 is a weighing means including a compression type load cell, which is placed on the bottom plate 19 connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body 22 hanging from the bottom wall 9 outside the connecting means 12 and detecting the weighing. The bottom member 11 is placed on the portion 13a. The weighing means 13 is the bottom plate 1.
It can be adjusted in the vertical direction by an adjusting means 20 formed of a bolt that is screwed into the shaft 9. Reference numeral 21 is a fixing bolt for adjustment. By enclosing the opening 10 in an airtight manner by the tubular body 22 and the bottom plate 19, the leakage of fluid to the outside or the inflow of air from the outside through the opening 10 is prevented. This avoids the risk of explosion if the powder is explosive. Furthermore, the pressure inside the cylindrical body 22 is balanced with the pressure inside the crushing chamber 1 (usually a negative pressure) by connecting the inside of the cylindrical body 22 and the crushing chamber 1 with the pressure equalizing tube 23.

FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment. In FIG. 5, 1 is a crushing chamber similar to the above embodiment, 6 is a plurality of fluid nozzles, and 9 is a plurality of fluid nozzles.
Is a bottom wall of the crushing chamber 1, 10 is an opening, 11 is a bottom member for weighing an object to be processed, and has a projecting portion 11a. 12 is a flexible connecting means, and 12a is a connecting bolt. Reference numeral 13 denotes a weighing means such as a tension type load cell, which is arranged between the bottom wall 9 and the support member 24 projecting laterally from the bottom member 11. In this case, the weighing means 13 is fixed to the bottom wall 9 with bolts, and the weighing detection unit 13a is used.
Is fixed to the support member 24 with bolts. Although not shown, the weighing means 13 can be adjusted in the vertical direction by the adjusting means 20 including a bolt screwed to the support member 24. In the first embodiment, the adjusting means 20 mentioned in the second embodiment may be provided between the weighing machine 13 and the ground or a machine stand (not shown).

[0016]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. According to the invention of claim 1, a plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on the lower side wall of the crushing chamber supported by the gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, and an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber. The bottom member is fitted in a vertically movable manner, the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and the bottom member is placed on the weighing means arranged on the ground or on the machine base. Therefore, compared with the conventional one that weighs the total weight of the lower crushing chamber and the storage amount, a part of the storage amount and the total weight of the bottom member of the lower portion of the crushing chamber can be weighed with a small weight. The capacity of the weighing means can be significantly reduced. Further, the downsizing of the weighing means significantly improves the weighing accuracy, which makes it possible to finely control the supply amount, thereby significantly improving the crushing accuracy. Further, since the number of weighing means used is small, it is easy and inexpensive to manufacture. Furthermore, since the crushing chamber is integrated and mounted and fixed on the pedestal, vibration does not occur in the crushing chamber due to the ejection of fluid from the fluid nozzle, which allows it to withstand long-term use and also to cause vibration. The deterioration of crushing accuracy is extremely small.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to downsizing of the weighing means, improvement of the crushing accuracy and no vibration, it is possible to easily set the weighing means and adjust the bottom member. According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to downsizing of the weighing means, improvement of crushing accuracy and no vibration, it is possible to easily set the weighing means and adjust the bottom member. Furthermore, it is possible to reliably prevent the leakage of fluid or the inflow of air from the outside. According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to downsizing of the weighing means, improvement of the crushing accuracy and no vibration, it is possible to easily set the weighing means and adjust the bottom member.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of an airflow type crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of a first embodiment of an airflow type crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of an airflow type crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of an airflow type crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of an airflow type crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grinding chamber 2 Stand 6 Fluid nozzle 9 Bottom wall 10 Opening 12 Connecting means 13 Weighing means 14 Airflow classifier 16 Product collector 17 Blower 18 Support material 19 Bottom plate 22 Cylindrical body 24 Support member

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on a lower side wall of a crushing chamber supported by a gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically placed in the opening. It is freely fitted, and the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and the bottom member is placed on a weighing means arranged on the ground or on a machine stand. Air flow type crusher. 2. A plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on a lower side wall of a crushing chamber supported by a cradle toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically placed in the opening. Freely fitted, the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, a plurality of support members are hung from the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom plate is attached to the lower end of the support member. An air flow type crusher characterized in that weighing means is provided between the bottom plate and the bottom member, and adjusting means is provided between the weighing means and the bottom plate. 3. A plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on a lower side wall of a crushing chamber supported by a gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically attached to the opening. The bottom member is freely fitted and connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and a cylindrical body surrounding the bottom member and the connecting means is hung from the bottom wall of the crushing chamber. An air flow type crusher, comprising a bottom plate for closing the lower end of the shaped body, a weighing means provided between the bottom member and the bottom plate, and an adjusting means provided between the weighing means and the bottom plate. 4. A plurality of fluid nozzles are arranged on a lower side wall of a crushing chamber supported by a gantry toward the center of the crushing chamber, an opening is provided in the bottom wall of the crushing chamber, and a bottom member is vertically placed in the opening. It is freely fitted, and the bottom member is connected to the bottom wall via a soft connecting means, and a support member is provided so as to project laterally from the bottom member, and the support member is provided between the support member and the bottom wall. An air flow type crusher characterized by comprising a plurality of weighing means.