JPH08194483A - Musical tone producing device of electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily generate musical sounds in which the tone varies any as desired in compliance with the change in the pitch of the given sound or the key striking strength by forming a pitch parameter which is selected and specified through interpolation of at least two parameters having different pitches produced by parameter producing means using an interpolating means. CONSTITUTION: A musical sound producing device comprises a parameter preparing means to prepare parameters corresponding to the pitches of sound at least at two levels a selecting/specifying means to select and specify an appropriate pitch of sound and an interpolating means which interpolates between parameters corresponding the two pitches of sound. The parameters X11 -Xn1 such as attack time, decay time, etc., to constitute the tone of piano required to emit piano sounds, etc., from a synthesizer 110 are set previously together with parameters X12 -Xn2 which constitute the tone of cembaro. The parameters X1 -Xn are computed which constitute the tone a interpolation of the sounds of piano and cembaro by setting a voltage value Cc in controller 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a performance sound element generator for an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to a performance sound element, which is a performance sound element such as a tone color, a pitch or a volume previously stored in a memory and is read out to generate a musical tone signal. The present invention relates to an improvement of a performance sound element generator for an electronic musical instrument that is generated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in an electronic musical instrument, a performance sound element generating circuit is constructed by using a voltage-controlled oscillator, a filter, etc., and a sound based on parameters constituting performance sound elements such as tone color, pitch, and volume. Is occurring. When performing with such an electronic musical instrument, it is necessary for the performer to adjust the tone color, pitch, volume, etc. at the time of performance to generate a sound. The playing operation of is neglected. Therefore, it is considered that the performance sound elements are stored in the memory in advance and various performance sound elements stored in advance during the performance are appropriately generated in accordance with the performance music.

[0003]

However, when the performance sound elements are stored in the memory and the performance sound elements are played later, the variations of the stored performance sound elements are determined. There is no choice but to limit the degrees of freedom of the sounds played. That is, the variation could not be changed according to the interest of the performance. Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a performance sound element generator for an electronic musical instrument, which is capable of setting at least two kinds of performance sound elements and generating performance sound elements interpolating between them.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument, which is capable of changing a performance sound element that has been set up to that point to a new performance sound element with a relatively short time and with a small amount of labor. That is.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument, which can control a musical sound element constituting a performance sound element as much as possible to generate a musical sound with a complicated and natural change. Is.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument, which can realize a change of a parameter according to a pitch in a natural musical instrument such as a piano.

[0007]

The present invention has at least two features.
When a plurality of parameters constituting the performance sound elements of a type are set and at least two types of the performance sound elements represented by these parameters are designated, the parameters corresponding to each of the designated at least two types of performance sound elements are set. The performance sound elements corresponding to the interpolated parameters are output by interpolating the spaces.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of parameters constituting a first musical tone and a second musical tone each having at least two types of performance tone elements are set, and the first musical tone and the second musical tone are set. When the corresponding two of the performance sound elements constituting each of the
Interpolate between the parameters corresponding to each of the
A performance sound corresponding to the interpolated parameter can be generated. Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to generate a performance sound which interpolates between a musical sound of a piano and a musical sound of a harpsichord. The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description given below with reference to the drawings.

[0009]

1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In the configuration, the controller 10 as the arbitrary performance sound element designating means is composed of a variable resistor. Then, by appropriately operating the controller 10,
A voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage + V is given to the multiplexer 20. The parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n as the parameter setting means set a plurality of parameters constituting the tone color as the performance sound element. The plurality of parameters are, for example, attack time, decay time, sustain level, release time, sound source waveform, VC
The F cutoff frequency, resonance, VCF modulation depth, LFO frequency, LFO waveform, and the like. The parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n provide the multiplexer 20 with a voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage + V. The multiplexer 20 controls the controller 10 and the parameter setting variable resistor 11 based on the address signal given from the CPU 40.
The voltage values given from 1 to 1n are sequentially output in a time division manner and given to the AD conversion circuit 30. The AD conversion circuit 30 converts the given voltage value into a digital value and gives it to the CPU 40.

A memory 50 is provided in association with the CPU 40. The memory 50 includes a storage area shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B) described later. The CPU 40 has a first program switch.
61, the second program switch 62, the calculation switch 63, the store switch 64, and the preset switches 71 to 7n are connected. First and second program switches 61 and
Reference numeral 62 is a performance sound element designating means for designating a timbre at a point (C1, C2) set by the controller 10. The calculation switch 63 is provided between the two points (C1, C2) of the timbre designated by the first and second program switches 61 and 62, and the parameters x11 and x12, x21 and x22 ... xn1. It is to instruct the calculation of the ratio to × n2, that is, the rate of change. The store switch 64 is operated when a parameter corresponding to a tone color obtained by interpolating between two types of tone colors is stored in the memory 50. The preset switches 71 to 7n are for presetting performance sound elements of musical instruments such as pianos and harpsichords. The D-A conversion circuit 80 converts the parameter as a digital value read from the memory 50 by the CPU 40 into an analog value, and supplies the analog value to the demultiplexer 90 in a time division manner. The demultiplexer 90 outputs the analog values of the parameters output from the DA conversion circuit 80 in a time division manner in parallel based on the address signal given from the CPU 40 and gives them to the holding circuits 101 to 10n. The holding circuits 101 to 10n are configured by a sample hold circuit or the like that holds performance sound elements as analog values. And the holding circuit 10
The performance sound elements held at 1 to 10n are given to the synthesizer 110.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the operation unit included in the embodiment of the present invention. The operation unit 120 includes the controller 10 and the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n shown in FIG. 1, the first and second program switches 61 and
62, a calculation switch 63, a store switch 64, and preset switches 71 to 7n are provided, respectively.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are views showing data stored in the memory 50 shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 3 (A),
The memory 50 includes storage areas 51 and 52 for storing parameters of the first and second kinds of tone colors and a storage area 5a for storing constants used for calculation of interpolation as shown in FIG. 3 (B). . The storage area 51 stores in advance parameters x11 to xn1 constituting the tone color of the piano, for example, and by operating the preset switch 71, the parameters x11 to xn1 are read out. In addition, in the storage area 52, for example, parameters constituting the tone color of the harpsichord × 12
To xn2 are stored in advance, and these parameters x12 to xn2 are read by operating the preset switch 72, for example. Parameter x 11 in storage area 5a
To × n1 and constants Δx11 to Δxn1 for calculating the parameter to be interpolated are stored.

FIGS. 4 to 6 are flow charts for explaining the concrete operation of the embodiment of the present invention, and particularly FIG.
Shows a main routine, FIG. 5 shows a calculation subroutine, and FIG. 6 shows a reproduction subroutine. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the interpolated value of the parameter.

Next, a specific operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. For example, when playing a tone having an intermediate tone between the tone of a piano and the tone of a harpsichord, the preset switch 71 is first operated. In response, the CPU 40 uses the storage area 51 corresponding to the preset switch 71 to set the parameter for configuring the tone color of the piano.
Read 11 to × n1. The read parameters x11 to xn1 are converted into analog values by the DA conversion circuit 80, and given to the synthesizer 110 via the demultiplexer 90 and the holding circuits 101 to 10n. Then, the synthesizer 110 plays the sound determined by the parameters x11 to xn1. Then, the first program switch 61
Turn on. At this time, the lowest voltage value C1 that can be set by the controller 10 is the CPU 20 via the multiplexer 20.
In response to the operation of the first program switch 61, the CPU 40 causes the CPU 40 to set the voltage value C1 set by the controller 10 and the parameter read from the storage area 51 × 11.
Or xn1 is temporarily stored in a storage area (not shown) of the memory 50.

Next, for example, when the preset switch 72 for playing the harpsichord sound is operated, the storage area 52
From which the parameters x12 to xn2 are read. And
A sound based on these parameters x12 to xn2 is generated from the synthesizer 110. When the second program switch 62 is turned on, the highest voltage value C2 that can be set by the controller 10 and the parameters x12 to xn2 read from the memory 52 are temporarily stored in a storage area (not shown) of the memory 50. . Subsequently, when the calculation switch 63 is operated, the CPU 40 proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG. In the calculation subroutine, as shown in FIG. 7, the voltage values C1 and C
The ratio Δ × 11 of the difference between 2 and the difference between × 11 and × 12 when the parameters × 11 and × 12 are connected by a straight line is calculated. Similarly, the ratios Δ × 21 to Δ × n1 of the difference between the voltage values C1 and C2 and the difference for each parameter are sequentially calculated. Then, the ratios Δ × 11 to Δ × n1 calculated as the parameters × 11 to × n1 are temporarily stored in the memory, respectively, and the process returns to the main routine again.

After returning to the main routine, the process proceeds to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG. That is, in order to play a sound between the piano sound and the harpsichord sound, the controller
10 is operated to output an arbitrary voltage value Cc between the initially set values C1 and C2. The CPU 40 calculates the difference Cd between the set voltage value Cc and C1. Then, the parameters are sequentially interpolated. That is, the ratio Δ × 11 temporarily stored in the memory 50 is multiplied by the voltage value Cd, and the value and the parameter × 11 are added to calculate the interpolated parameter × 1. Similarly, the ratio Δ × 21 is multiplied by the voltage value Cd,
The value and the parameter x21 are added to calculate the interpolated parameter x2. Thereafter, in the same manner, the interpolated parameters x3 to xn are calculated. In this way,
The interpolated parameters mean the following: That is, if the parameter x11 is the piano attack time and the parameter x12 is the harpsichord attack time, the interpolated parameter x1 will be a value between the piano attack time and the harpsichord attack time. Also, the parameter × 21 is the decay time of the piano,
If the parameter x22 is the harpsichord decay time, the interpolated parameter x2 is a value between the piano decay time and the harpsichord decay time.
Thereafter, the values between the piano and harpsichord parameters are similarly obtained. The interpolated parameters x1 to xn are given to the synthesizer 110 via the DA conversion circuit 80, the demultiplexer 90 and the holding circuits 101 to 10n. Therefore, the synthesizer 110 plays a sound based on the parameters obtained by interpolating the piano and harpsichord parameters. At this time, store switch
By operating 64 and the preset switch 73, the interpolated parameters x1 to xn are sequentially stored in the storage area 53 of the memory 50 corresponding to the preset switch 73.

As described above, according to this embodiment, parameters x11 to xn1 such as attack time and decay time necessary for outputting the piano sound from the synthesizer 110 and the harpsichord sound are output. If necessary parameters x12 to xn2 are set in advance and an arbitrary voltage value Cc is set by the controller 10, a parameter forming a tone color that interpolates the sounds of the piano and the harpsichord x
1 to × n can be calculated.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 (A) and 9 (B) show the controller 10 shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an operating state of the parameter setting resistor.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 is a parameter for operating the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n to set three kinds of performance sound elements, storing them in the memory 50, and interpolating between them. Is generated to generate a tone signal. In configuration, FIG. 8 is the same as FIG. 1 except for the following points. That is, as the controller 10, FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B), by rotating the operating element,
What is called a modulation lever that sets a voltage value is used. Further, the second program switch 62 and the store switch 64 shown in FIG. 1 are omitted. When setting three types of performance sound elements, as shown in FIG. 10, the operator of the parameter setting variable resistor 11 is operated to set x11, and the operator of the parameter setting variable resistor 12 is operated. Parameter x 21 is set, and similarly, the parameter setting variable resistors 13 to 1n are operated in the same manner to sequentially set desired parameters. Similarly, parameters x12 to xn2 and parameters x13 to xn3 are set to set three types of performance sound elements.

11 to 15 are flow charts for explaining the concrete operation of another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a flow chart showing an operation procedure, FIG. 12 shows a main routine, FIG. 13 shows a parameter storage subroutine, FIG. 14 shows a calculation subroutine, and FIG. 15 shows a reproduction subroutine. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the interpolated value of the parameter.

Next, the specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, in order to set the first performance sound element, the operating elements of the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the first parameters x11 to xn1 as shown in FIG. When the controller 10 is operated to output the voltage value of C1, the parameter setting variable resistor 11 or
The CPU 40 is provided with the digital value of the voltage value corresponding to each of the parameters x11 to xn1 set by 1n and the voltage value C1 set by the controller 10. C
The PU 40 proceeds to the parameter storage subroutine shown in FIG. 13 and temporarily stores the data based on the voltage values of the set parameters x11 to xn1 and the voltage value C1 set by the controller 10 in the memory 50, and at the same time, the DA conversion circuit. 80 at D
-A converted and output to the holding circuits 101 to 1n. And C
The PU 40 determines whether or not the program switch 61 is operated, and if so, stores the aforementioned data in the storage area 51 of the memory 50. The storage area 51 is newly provided with a storage area for storing the voltage value set by the controller 10. CPU 40 has parameters in memory 50 ×
When 11 to × n1 and the voltage value C1 are stored, the process returns to the main routine.

Subsequently, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the parameters x12 to xn2 of the second performance sound element, the controller 10 sets the voltage value C2, and the program switch 61 is set. Manipulate. Then, in the same manner as described above, the voltage values and the controller 10 corresponding to the parameters x12 to xn2 are stored in the storage area 52 of the memory 50.
The voltage value C2 set by is stored. Similarly, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are used to set the parameters x13 to xn3 of the third performance sound element, and the controller is set.
The voltage value C3 is set at 10. When the program switch 61 is operated, the parameters x13 to xn3 and the voltage value C3 are stored in the memory 50. Then, when the calculation switch 63 is operated, the process proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG.

In the calculation subroutine, the ratio between the voltage value set by the controller 10 and each parameter is obtained in the same manner as in FIG. 5, but in this embodiment, the controller 10 has three voltage values C1, C2 and Since C3 is set, the ratio between each voltage value and the parameter can be obtained. That is, the ratio Δ × 11 of the difference between the voltage values C1 and C2 and the parameter × 11 and × 12, and the ratio Δ × 12 of the difference between the voltage values C2 and C3 and the parameter × 12 and × 13. Desired. Similarly, the ratio of each parameter is sequentially calculated. And each parameter × 11 to × n1, × 12
To xn2 and the calculated ratios Δx11 to Δxn1 and Δx12 to Δxn2 are stored in the memory 50, respectively. When the CPU 40 completes the processing of the calculation subroutine, it proceeds to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG.

First, the controller 10 is operated to set, for example, Cc between the voltage values C1 and C2. This voltage value Cc is given to the CPU 40 via the multiplexer 20 and the AD conversion circuit 30. In response, CPU 40 determines whether the set voltage value Cc is a value between C1 and C2. If the voltage value Cc is between C1 and C2, the difference Cd between the voltage values Cc and C1 is calculated. Then, the calculated value Cd is multiplied by the ratio Δ × 11 stored in the memory 50, and this value is added to the parameter × 11 to interpolate the parameter × 1.
Is calculated. Similarly, the interpolated values x2 to xn of the parameters are sequentially calculated. The interpolated values x1 to xn of the parameters obtained as a result of such calculation are DA conversion circuits 8
0, demultiplexer 90 and holding circuits 101 to 10n
Given to the synthesizer 110 via. as a result,
The synthesizer 110 can generate a performance sound based on parameters obtained by interpolating between the corresponding parameters of the two types of performance sound elements set by the controller 10. if,
If the voltage value Cc set by the controller 10 is larger than C2, the CPU 40 subtracts C2 from Cc to calculate Ce. Then, the ratio Δ × 12 is multiplied by Ce, the value is added to the second type parameter × 12, and the interpolated parameter × 1 is calculated. Similarly, the parameter ×
2 to × n are calculated, and the calculation result is the DA conversion circuit.
80, demultiplexer 90 and holding circuits 101 to 10
It is given to the synthesizer 110 via n. Therefore, the synthesizer 110 can generate musical tones corresponding to the parameters x1 to xn by interpolating between the parameters corresponding to C2 and C3 set by the controller 10.

In the above embodiment, the modulation lever is operated to set the voltage values C1 to C3. However, a so-called touch sensor that detects a pressing force and generates a voltage corresponding to the pressing force may be used without using the modulation lever.

In the above reproduction subroutine,
An envelope signal voltage generator that generates an envelope signal instead of operating the modulation lever is provided, and the envelope signal voltage obtained from the envelope signal voltage generator is provided to the multiplexer 20 and AD.
It may be given to the CPU 40 via the conversion circuit 30. Then, the parameter corresponding to the voltage value set by the modulation lever is interpolated according to the instantaneous value of the envelope signal voltage, and the musical tone signal corresponding to the interpolated parameter is generated from the performance sound element generator. be able to. Then, only by arbitrarily selecting the waveform of the envelope signal voltage, it is possible to generate a musical tone signal corresponding to a parameter that changes with time, without manually operating the modulation lever.

Further, instead of setting the voltage value with the modulation lever, the output voltage of the function generator may be given. That is, when a keyboard (not shown) included in the synthesizer is operated, a function generator that is triggered to generate an arbitrary voltage signal is provided, and the set tone color parameter is interpolated based on the output voltage from the function generator. You may do it. This makes it possible to generate a tone signal in which tone colors are interpolated based on the output voltage of the function generator. However, in this case, it is necessary to omit the attack time, decay time, sustain level and release time from the parameters for setting the performance sound element.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is an external view of the keyboard shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the keyboard 12 as a performance sound element designating means
With 0, three pitches as performance tone elements are specified and interpolated between them so that a musical tone that changes in response to a change in pitch can be output. Therefore, instead of the controller 10 shown in FIG. 8, a keyboard 120 and a keyboard depression detection circuit are provided.
130 is provided. As shown in FIG. 18, the keyboard 120 is constructed in the same manner as a conventionally known keyboard of a piano or organ. The keyboard press detection circuit 130 is the keyboard 12
It detects whether or not each key of 0 is pressed.

19 to 23 are flow charts for explaining a concrete operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and particularly FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing an operation procedure, and FIG. 20 shows a main routine. 21 shows a parameter storage subroutine, FIG. 22 shows a calculation subroutine, and FIG. 23 shows a reproduction subroutine.

Next, the specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the process proceeds to the parameter storage subroutine shown in FIG. Therefore, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are respectively set to set the first parameters x11 to xn1. Then, the program switch 63 and the lowest tone key switch included in the keyboard 120 are simultaneously operated. Then
The keyboard depression detection circuit 130 detects that the lowest tone key switch of the keyboard 120 has been operated and gives a detection signal to the CPU 40.

On the other hand, the parameters x11 to xn1 are given to the AD conversion circuit 30 via the multiplexer 20, converted into digital values by the AD conversion circuit 30, and the lowest tone key of the keyboard 120. Data J based on switch
It is temporarily stored in the memory together with 1. Then, it is determined that the program switch 63 has been operated, the above parameters x11 to xn1 and the lowest tone key switch data J1 are stored in the memory area 51 of the memory 50, and the process returns to the main routine.

Next, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the second parameters x12 to xn2, the program switch 63 is operated, and the keyboard is operated.
Operate the key switch at the middle pitch of 120 seconds. Then
In the same manner as described above, the parameters x12 to xn2 set by the parameter storage subroutine and the key switch data J2 are stored in the storage area 52 of the memory 50. Further, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the third parameters x13 to xn3, the program switch 63 is operated, and the highest tone key switch of the keyboard 120 is operated. Then, in the same manner as described above, the parameters x13 to xn3 and the highest tone key switch data J3 are stored in the storage area 53 of the memory 50. After that, when the calculation switch 64 is operated, the process proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG. In the calculation subroutine,
The ratios Δ × 11 to Δ × n1 and Δ × 12 to Δ × n2 are calculated in substantially the same manner as in FIG. 13 described above. However, the ratio in this case is the difference between the data J1 and J2 with respect to the difference between the first and second corresponding parameters, and the data J2 with respect to the difference between the second and third corresponding parameters. It becomes each ratio of the difference with J3. The parameters x11 to xn1, x12 to xn2, the ratios Δx11 to Δxn1 and Δx12 to Δxn2 are stored in the memory 50. After that, the CPU 40 proceeds to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG.

To generate a desired pitch based on the ratio data stored in the memory 50, one of the key switches included in the keyboard 120 is operated. The data Jc of the operated key switch is given to the CPU 40, and CP
U40 is the input data Jc, the lowest pitch key switch data J1, and the middle pitch key switch data J.
Compare with 2. If Jc is a value between J1 and J2, Jd is obtained by subtracting the lowest-pitch key switch data J1 from the operated key switch data Jc. Then, the obtained Jd is multiplied by the ratio Δ × 11, and this is
The parameter x11 is added to obtain interpolation data x1. Thereafter, interpolation data x2 to xn are similarly obtained. The parameters x1 to xn as the interpolated data thus obtained are given to the synthesizer 110 via the DA conversion circuit 80, the demultiplexer 90 and the holding circuits 101 to 10n.

If any key between the mid-pitch key switch and the highest-pitch key switch of the keyboard 120 is operated, the data Jc of the operated key switch indicates the middle pitch. It is determined that the data is larger than the key switch data J2, and the difference Je between the two is obtained. And I asked J
e is multiplied by the ratio Δ × 12 and this is multiplied by the second parameter ×
12 is added to obtain a parameter × 1 as interpolation data. Similarly, x2 to xn are obtained, and a sound based on the obtained parameters is generated from the synthesizer 110.

The above embodiment has described the parameter interpolation in the case where the characteristics such as the tone color of the musical instrument change according to the pitch of the keyboard. If it is desired to realize an instrument such as a piano whose tone color changes depending on the strength of keystrokes, the performance sound can be generated by interpolating the parameter according to the strength of keystrokes and the pitch of the keystrokes. For this purpose, the keyboard depression detection circuit 130 determines which key of the keyboard 120 has been operated and detects the depression force of each key. On the other hand, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n set at least four types of parameters, the strongest and weakest keystrokes at the lowest pitch and the strongest and weakest keystrokes at the highest pitch.
Then, when one of the keys is operated, the parameters corresponding to the pitch of the operated key and the strength of the keystroke are
By performing interpolation by interpolating the set parameters, it is possible to obtain a musical tone having a characteristic corresponding to the strength of keystroke and the pitch.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the respective parameters of the two kinds of performance sound elements are connected by a straight line and an arbitrary point between them is interpolated has been described, but the respective parameters of the two kinds of performance sound elements are described. May be connected by a curve, and any point between them may be interpolated.

Further, the above-mentioned three embodiments may be combined. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the case where the performance sound element for giving the musical tone signal to the analog synthesizer is generated is described, but the performance sound element may be given to the digital synthesizer. In this case, the parameters read from the memory may be directly output without being converted into analog values.

[0038]

Therefore, according to the present invention, if at least two types of performance sound elements are designated, the performance sound elements interpolating between the performance sound elements are used to obtain a performance which cannot be obtained by the conventional electronic musical instrument. It is possible to generate a performance sound accompanied by a sound whose variation slightly changes according to the interest. That is, for example, by designating an arbitrary musical tone of the musical tones of the piano and the musical tone of the harpsichord, it is possible to generate musical tones with musical tones accompanied by delicate changes which are not existing so as to interpolate between the musical tones.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of an operation unit included in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing data stored in a memory shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining a specific operation of the embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a main routine.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a concrete operation of the embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a calculation subroutine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a concrete operation of the embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a reproduction subroutine.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining calculation of parameters.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

9 is an external view of the controller included in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an operating state of the parameter setting variable resistor included in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a flowchart showing an operation procedure.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a main routine.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a parameter storage subroutine.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining a concrete operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a calculation subroutine.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a reproduction subroutine.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining calculation of parameters.

FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

18 is an external view of the keyboard shown in FIG.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a flowchart showing an operating procedure.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a main routine.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a parameter storage subroutine.

FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining a concrete operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a calculation subroutine.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart for explaining a specific operation of another embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a reproduction subroutine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Controller 11 to 1n Parameter setting variable resistor 20 Multiplexer 30 A to D converter circuit 40 CPU 50 Memory 61,62 Program switch 63 Calculation switch 64 Store switch 71 to 7n Preset switch 80 D to A converter circuit 90 Demultiplexer 101 to 10n Hold circuit 110 Synthesizer 120 Keyboard 130 Keyboard down detection circuit

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 1, 1991

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Document name] Statement

Title: Musical tone generating device for electronic musical instrument

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to a musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument, in order to generate a desired musical tone according to the musical pitch or the strength of a keystroke. The present invention relates to a musical sound generating device for an electronic musical instrument, which gives a parameter that constitutes a performance sound element such as volume.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in an electronic musical instrument, a musical tone generating device is produced by musical tone generating device based on an instruction from a predetermined instructing device, based on musical tone generating element information regarding a musical tone generating musical tone element and musical performance information according to a musical score, for example. To generate a desired musical sound.

In the conventional musical tone generating apparatus for the electronic musical instrument described above, various musical tone elements, such as tone colors,
Specifically, the parameters constituting the performance sound elements are stored (set) in advance in a memory or the like for each performance sound element. Next, a desired performance sound element is selected by a selection instruction from a predetermined selection means, and the parameter of the selected performance sound element is given to the musical sound generating device as performance sound element information.

At this time, in the case of changing the tone color or the like of the musical tone according to the tone pitch change of the generated tone, the degree of changing the tone color or the like is set according to the tone pitch change, and according to the set degree. To obtain a change in tone color or the like according to the change in pitch (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-51694). Further, when changing the tone color of the musical tone in accordance with the change in keystroke intensity that occurs, set the degree to which the tone color is changed in response to the change in keystroke intensity, and change the keystroke intensity in accordance with the set degree. The change of the timbre etc. according to it is obtained. Alternatively, when changing the tone color or the like of the generated tone according to the tone pitch change, the parameters indicating the tone color or the like corresponding to each tone pitch (key or range) are set respectively ( JP 55-1
See 8650 publication).

[0005]

However, in the former one, it is not possible to set a desired tone color or the like at a certain pitch and then set a desired tone color or the like at another tone pitch. There is a problem that it is difficult. This is the same even when a change in tone color or the like is obtained according to a change in keystroke strength. Further, in the latter case, it is necessary to set parameters indicating tone colors and the like corresponding to each pitch, and there is a problem that the setting is very troublesome. The present invention has an object to solve such a problem, and provides a musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument capable of easily obtaining a musical tone whose tone color or the like changes in a desired manner in accordance with a change in pitch or keystroke intensity. To do.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect of the present invention includes (a) corresponding to each pitch of at least two pitches. An arbitrary parameter generating means for generating a parameter to
(b) Selection designation means that can select and specify any pitch and
(c) Interpolation means for forming a pitch parameter arbitrarily selected and designated by the selection designation means by interpolating between parameters corresponding to at least two pitches generated by the parameter generation means It is characterized by that.

Further, the musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises: (a) parameter generating means for generating an arbitrary parameter corresponding to the velocity value corresponding to at least two velocity values; b) a selection designating means capable of selectively designating an arbitrary velocity value, and (c) at least two velocity values generated by the parameter generating means for parameters of velocity values arbitrarily selected and designated by the selection designating means. It is characterized by comprising an interpolating means for interpolating and forming between parameters corresponding to the city value.

[0008]

[Function] The pitch (velocity value) is arbitrarily designated by the selection designation means. The parameter of the pitch (velocity value) selected and designated is formed by interpolating between at least two parameters of the pitch (velocity value) generated by the parameter generating means in the interpolating means.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A specific embodiment of the musical tone generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention will be described below. [First Embodiment] First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, a controller 10 composed of a variable resistor is appropriately operated to multiplex the divided value of the voltage + V.
Give to 20. Similarly, N variable resistors 11 to 1n for parameter setting, which are also constituted by variable resistors, set the parameters constituting the tone color as the performance tone element, and also, for example, attack time and decay time. , Sustain level, release time, sound source waveform, VCF cutoff frequency, resonance, VCF modulation depth, LFO frequency, LFO waveform, and other parameters are supported by the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n. Let's set it. These parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n also supply the voltage division value of the voltage + V to the multiplexer 20. This multiplexer 20 sequentially outputs the divided voltage value of the voltage + V given from the controller 10 and the variable resistors 11 to 1n for parameter setting, in other words, the voltage value sequentially in a time division manner based on the address signal given from the CPU 40. To the AD conversion circuit 30. In addition, this AD conversion circuit 30
Converts the given voltage value into a digital value and gives it to the CPU 40.

A memory 50 is provided in association with the CPU 40, and a storage area shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, which will be described later, is provided in the memory 50. Further, the CPU 40 is connected with first and second program switches 61, 62, a calculation switch 63, a store switch 64, and preset switches 71 to 7n. The first and second program switches 61 and 62 are for specifying the tone color at the voltage values C1 and C2 set in the controller 10, and the calculation switch 63 is the first and second program switches 61 and 62. Between two points of the tone color specified in, that is, the difference between the voltage values C1 and C2, and between each parameter x11, x12; x2
, Xn1, xn2, the ratio to the difference, in other words, a command to calculate the change rate. Further, the store switch 64 is operated when storing the parameters constituting the tone color in which two tone colors are interpolated in the memory 50, and the preset switches 71 to 7n are used for musical instruments such as a piano or a harpsichord. This is to preset the parameters that make up the timbre.

On the other hand, the DA conversion circuit 80 converts the parameters constituting the timbre as digital values read from the memory 50 by the CPU 40 into analog values, and these analog values are sent to the demultiplexer 90 in a time division manner. give. This demultiplexer 90 uses the DA conversion circuit 80 based on the address signal given from the CPU 40.
The analog values of the parameters constituting the timbres output in a time-divisional manner from are output in parallel and given to the holding circuits 101 to 10n. These holding circuits 101 to 10n are composed of a sample hold circuit or the like which holds the parameters forming the tone color as an analog value. And the holding circuit 1
The parameters constituting the tones stored in 01 to 10n are given to the synthesizer 110.

The controller 1 shown in FIG. 1 above.
0, parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n, first and second program switches 61 and 62, calculation switch 63, store switch 64 and preset switches 71 to 7n are shown in FIG.
Is provided in the operation unit 120 as shown in FIG. Further, FIGS. 3A and 3B show data stored in the memory 50 shown in FIG. 1, and the memory 50 stores data as shown in FIG. There are storage areas 51 and 52 for storing the parameters constituting the first and second kinds of timbres, and a storage area 5a for storing constants used for calculation of interpolation as shown in FIG. 3 (B). It is provided.
Parameters x11 to xn1 configuring the tone color of the piano are stored in advance in the storage area 51, and parameters x11 to xn1 configuring the tone color of the piano are read by operating the preset switch 71, for example. Similarly, in the storage area 52, for example, parameters x12 to xn2 that configure the timbre of the harpsichord are stored in advance, and parameters that configure the timbre of the harpsichord by operating the preset switch 72, for example.
x12 to xn2 are read. Further, in the storage area 5a, parameters x11 to xn1 forming a tone color and constants Δx11 to Δxn1 for calculating parameters to be interpolated are stored.

Next, the specific operation of the first embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained based on the flow charts of FIGS. 4 to 6. In the main routine shown in FIG. 4, for example, when playing a tone having an intermediate tone color between the piano tone color and the harpsichord tone color, the preset switch 71 is first operated. In response to this, the CPU 40 reads the parameters x11 to xn1 constituting the tone color of the piano from the storage area 51 corresponding to the preset switch 71. The parameters x11 to xn1 constituting the read tone color of the piano are converted into analog values by the DA conversion circuit 80, and are synthesized via the demultiplexer 90 and the holding circuits 101 to 10n.
The synthesizer 110 plays a note given to the note 110, which is determined by the parameters x11 to xn1 constituting the tone of the piano. After that, the first program switch
Turn 61 on. At this time, the lowest voltage value C1 that can be set in the controller 10 is given to the CPU 40 via the multiplexer 20, and the CPU 40 responds to the operation of the first program switch 61 with the voltage value C1 set in the controller 10. The memory 50 stores the parameters x11 to xn1 constituting the piano tone color read from the storage area 51.
Is temporarily stored in a storage area (not shown).

Next, for example, when the preset switch 72 for playing the harpsichord tone is operated, the parameters x12 to xn2 constituting the timbre of the harpsichord are read from the storage area 52. Then, the sounds based on the parameters x12 to xn2 that make up the timbre of these harpsichords are generated by the synthesizer 11.
It is generated from 0. After that, when the second program switch 62 is turned on, the highest voltage value C2 that can be set in the controller 10 and the parameters x12 to xn2 that constitute the timbre of the harpsichord read from the memory 52 are stored in the memory 50 (not shown). It is temporarily stored in the area.

Then, when the calculation switch 63 is operated, C
PU 40 proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG. In this calculation subroutine, as shown in FIG. 7, the difference between the voltage value C1 and the voltage value C2, and the parameter x11 that configures the tone color of the piano and the parameter x12 that configures the tone color of the harpsichord are connected by a straight line. When parameter x11,
The ratio Δx11 of the difference between x12 is calculated. Similarly, the difference between the voltage value C1 and the voltage value C2, and each parameter x21, x22;
...; The ratio Δx21 to Δxn1 with the difference between xn1 and xn2 is sequentially calculated. Then, the parameter x that constitutes the tone of the piano
11 to xn1 and the calculated ratios Δx11 to Δxn1 are temporarily stored in the memory 50, respectively, and the process returns to the main routine again.

Returning to the main routine, the procedure goes to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG. 6, and the controller 10 is operated to play an intermediate tone between the timbre of the piano and the timbre of the harpsichord, and the initially set voltage is set. An arbitrary voltage value Cc, which is the degree of association in the present invention between the values C1 and C2, is output. After that, the CPU 40 sets the voltage value Cc and the voltage value C1
The differential pressure value Cd is calculated, and the parameters are sequentially interpolated as follows.

A parameter x1 interpolated by multiplying the ratio Δx11 temporarily stored in the memory 50 by the differential pressure value Cd, and adding the multiplied value and the parameter x11 constituting the tone color of the piano
Is calculated. Similarly, the ratio Δx21 is multiplied by the differential pressure value Cd, and the multiplication value and the parameter that constitutes the timbre of the piano.
Calculate the interpolated parameter x2 by adding x21 and.
Similarly, the interpolated parameters x3 to xn are calculated.

The parameter interpolated in this way is that the parameter x11 is the attack time of the piano,
If the parameter x12 is the harpsichord attack time, it means that the interpolated parameter x1 is a value between the piano attack time and the harpsichord attack time. If the parameter x21 is the piano decay time and the parameter x22 is the harpsichord decay time, the interpolated parameter x2 is the value between the piano decay time and the harpsichord decay time. Is meant to be.

Next, the interpolated parameters x1 to xn are
DA conversion circuit 80, demultiplexer 90 and holding circuit
It is given to the synthesizer 110 via 101 to 10n. Therefore, the synthesizer 110 plays a tone based on the parameters x1 to xn that form the tone color that interpolates the parameters x11 to xn1 and x12 to xn2 that form the tone colors of the piano and the harpsichord. At this time, if the store switch 64 and the preset switch 73 are operated, the preset switch
The interpolated parameters x1 to xn are sequentially stored in the storage area of the memory 50 corresponding to 73.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, for example, parameters x11 to xn1 such as attack time and decay time which constitute the tone color of the piano necessary for outputting the tone of the piano from the synthesizer 110, The parameters x12 to xn2 that make up the harpsichord tone color necessary to output the harpsichord tone are preset, and the controller 10 sets an arbitrary voltage value Cc to interpolate the tone between the piano and the harpsichord. Parameters that make up a tone
x1 to xn can be calculated.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 16. In addition,
The same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment indicate the same contents, and duplicate explanations are omitted. 8 to 10
In the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the parameters of three types of performance sound elements, which are stored in the memory 50, and the parameters are interpolated. The parameter is calculated to generate a tone signal. As the controller 10, as shown in FIGS. 9 (A) and 9 (B), what is called a modulation lever for setting a voltage value by rotating an operating element is used. In addition, the second program switch 62 and the store switch in the first embodiment
64 is omitted.

By the way, when setting three kinds of performance sound elements, as shown in FIG. 10, the operator of the parameter setting variable resistor 11 is operated to set the parameter x11, and the parameter setting variable resistor 11 is set. Set the parameter x21 by operating the controller of the device 12, and similarly operate the parameter setting variable resistors 13 to 1n to sequentially set the desired parameter x3.
Set 1 to xn1. Similarly, the parameter x
12 to xn2 and parameters x13 to xn3 are set to set three kinds of performance sound elements.

Next, the specific operation of the second embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained based on the flow charts of FIGS. 11 to 15. First, in order to set the first performance sound element, the operator of the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n is operated to set the first parameter x11 as shown in FIG.
Set up to xn1. Then, when the controller 10 is operated to output the voltage value C1, the parameter x11 set in each parameter setting variable resistor 11 to 1n is set.
Digital values of each voltage value corresponding to ~ xn1 and the voltage value C1 set in the controller 10 are given to the CPU 40. After that, the CPU 40 proceeds to the parameter storage subroutine shown in FIG. 13 and sets the set parameter x11 ...
The voltage value of xn1 and the data based on the voltage value C1 set by the controller 10 are temporarily stored in the memory 50, and at the same time, DA conversion is performed by the DA conversion circuit 80 and the holding circuit 1
Output to 01 to 10n. Then, the CPU 40 determines whether or not the program switch 61 is operated, and if so, stores the aforementioned data in the storage area 51 of the memory 50. The storage area 51 is newly provided with a storage area for storing the voltage value set in the controller 10. Further, the CPU 40 stores the parameters x11 to xn1 and the voltage value C1 in the memory 50, and then returns to the main routine.

Then, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to
Operate 1n to set the second performance sound element parameter x12 to xn2
Is set, the voltage value C2 is set in the controller 10, and the program switch 61 is operated. This operation causes the parameter x to be stored in the storage area 52 of the memory 50 in the same manner as described above.
The voltage value corresponding to 12 to xn2 and the voltage value C2 set in the controller 10 are stored. Similarly, the parameters x13 to xn3 of the third performance tone element are set in the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n, and the voltage value C3 is set in the controller 10. After that, when the program switch 61 is operated, the parameters x13 to xn3 and the voltage value C3 are stored in the memory 50. And the calculation switch 63
When is operated, the process proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG.

In the calculation subroutine, the ratio between the voltage value set in the controller 10 and each parameter is obtained in the same manner as in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the controller 10 has three voltage values C1. ~ C3
The voltage values C1 to C3 are set as follows because
And the parameter is calculated.

The difference between the voltage values C1 and C2 and the parameter x11, x
The difference ratio Δx11 between 12 and the difference between the voltage values C2 and C3 and the difference ratio Δx12 between the parameters x12 and x13 are obtained. Similarly, the ratio of each parameter is sequentially calculated. The parameters x11 to xn1 and x12 to xn2 and the calculated ratios Δx11 to Δxn1 and Δx12 to Δxn2 are stored in the memory.
Stored in 50. When the CPU 40 finishes the processing of the calculation subroutine, it proceeds to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG.

First, in the reproduction subroutine, the voltage value Cc between the voltage values C1 and C2 set by operating the controller 10 is given to the CPU 40 via the multiplexer 20 and the AD conversion circuit 30. In response, CPU 40 determines whether the set voltage value Cc is a value between voltage values C1 and C2. By this determination, if the voltage value Cc is between the voltage values C1 and C2, the differential pressure value Cd between the voltage value Cc and the voltage value C1 is calculated. Then, the calculated differential pressure value Cd and the ratio Δx11 stored in the memory 50 are
And are multiplied, and this multiplication value is added to the parameter x11 to calculate the interpolated value x1 of the parameter. Similarly, the interpolated values x2 to xn of the parameters are sequentially calculated. Interpolated values x1 to xn of the parameters obtained as a result of such calculation are DA conversion circuits.
80, demultiplexer 90, and holding circuits 101 to 10n to synthesizer 110. As a result, the synthesizer 110 can generate the performance sound based on the parameters obtained by interpolating between the parameters corresponding to the voltage values C1 and C2 set in the controller 10. In addition,
The voltage value Cc set in the controller 10 is the voltage value C2
If it is larger than the CPU value, the CPU 40 changes the voltage value Cc to the voltage value C2.
Is subtracted to calculate the differential pressure value Ce. Then, the ratio Δx12 is multiplied by the differential pressure value Ce, and the multiplied value and the second type parameter x12 are added to calculate the interpolated parameter x1. Similarly, the parameters x2 to xn are calculated, and the calculation result is given to the synthesizer 110 via the DA conversion circuit 80, the demultiplexer 90, and the holding circuits 101 to 10n. Therefore, from synthesizer 110 to controller 10
It is possible to generate musical tones corresponding to the parameters x1 to xn by interpolating between the parameters corresponding to the voltage values C2 and C3 set in.

In the second embodiment, the modulation lever is operated to set the voltage values C1 to C3, but without using the modulation lever,
A so-called touch sensor that detects a pressing force and generates a voltage corresponding to the pressing force may be used.

In the above-mentioned reproduction subroutine,
An envelope signal voltage generator that generates an envelope signal instead of operating the modulation lever is provided, and the envelope signal voltage obtained from this envelope signal voltage generator is applied to the CPU 40 via the multiplexer 20 and the AD conversion circuit 30. You may do it. This makes it possible to interpolate between the parameters corresponding to the voltage value set by the modulation lever according to the instantaneous value of the envelope signal voltage, and generate the tone signal corresponding to this interpolated parameter. Then, by simply selecting the waveform of the envelope signal voltage,
Without having to manually operate the modulation lever,
It is possible to generate a tone signal corresponding to a parameter that changes with time.

Further, instead of setting the voltage value by the modulation lever, the output voltage of the function generator may be given. In other words, a function generator that is triggered to generate an arbitrary voltage signal when a keyboard (not shown) included in the synthesizer is operated is provided, and the set tone color parameter is based on the output voltage from the function generator. You may make it interpolate. This makes it possible to generate a tone signal in which tone colors are interpolated based on the output voltage of the function generator.
In this case, it is necessary to omit the attack time, the decay time, the sustain level and the release time from the parameters for setting the performance sound element.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG.
It will be described with reference to FIGS. The same reference numerals as those used in the first and second embodiments indicate the same contents, and duplicate explanations are omitted. In the third embodiment, three pitches as performance tone elements are designated by the keyboard 120, and parameters between these pitches are interpolated so that a musical tone that changes corresponding to the pitch change can be output. It was done. To this end, the controller 10 shown in FIG.
Instead, a keyboard 120 and a keyboard depression detection circuit 130 are provided. The keyboard 120 is configured in the same manner as a conventionally known keyboard of a piano or organ, as shown in FIG. The keyboard depression detection circuit 130 detects whether or not each key on the keyboard 120 is depressed.

Next, the specific operation of the third embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be explained based on the flow charts of FIGS. 19 to 23. First, the procedure proceeds to the parameter storage subroutine shown in FIG. 21, and the variable resistors for parameter setting 11 to 1n are set to set the first parameters x11 to xn.
Set to 1. Then, program switch 61 and keyboard 12
Operate the key switch of the lowest note included in 0 at the same time. By this operation, the keyboard depression detection circuit 130
Detects that the lowest-pitch key switch of 0 has been operated.
A detection signal is given to the CPU 40.

On the other hand, the parameters x11 to xn1 are given to the AD conversion circuit 30 via the multiplexer 20, and the AD
It is converted into a digital value by the conversion circuit 30 and the keyboard 12
It is temporarily stored in the memory together with the key number data J1 based on the key switch with the lowest pitch of 0. Then, it is determined that the program switch 61 has been operated, the parameters x11 to xn1 and the key number data J1 of the lowest tone key switch are stored in the memory area 51 of the memory 50, and the process returns to the main routine.

Subsequently, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to
1n is operated to set the second parameters x12 to xn2, the program switch 61 is operated, and the middle pitch key switch of the keyboard 120 is operated. By this operation,
In the same manner as described above, the parameters x12 to xn2 set in the parameter storage subroutine and the key number data J2 of the key switch are stored in the storage area 52 of the memory 50. Furthermore, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n are operated to set the third parameters x13 to xn3, the program switch 61 is operated, and the highest tone key switch of the keyboard 120 is operated. By this operation, the parameters x13 to xn3 and the key number data J3 of the highest tone key switch are stored in the storage area of the memory 50 in the same manner as described above. After that, when the calculation switch 63 is operated, the process proceeds to the calculation subroutine shown in FIG. In this calculation subroutine, the respective ratios Δx11 to Δxn1 and Δx12 to Δxn2 are calculated in substantially the same manner as in the second embodiment. In this case, the ratios Δx11 to Δxn1, Δx12
~ Δxn2 is the difference between the key number data J1 and J2 with respect to the difference between the corresponding parameters of the first and second performance sound elements, and the difference between the corresponding parameters of the second and third performance sound elements. It becomes each ratio of the difference between the key number data J2, J3 to the difference of. And each parameter x11 ~ xn1, x12
.About.xn2, ratios .DELTA.x11 to .DELTA.xn1, .DELTA.x12 to .DELTA.xn2 are stored in the memory 50. After that, the CPU 40 proceeds to the reproduction subroutine shown in FIG.

In the reproduction subroutine, when a tone of a desired pitch is generated based on the data of the ratios Δx11 to Δxn1, Δx12 to Δxn2 stored in the memory 50, the keyboard is used.
Operate any key switch included in 120. The key number data Jc of this operated key switch is C
The CPU40 gives the key number data Jc which is given to the PU40 and the key number data J1 of the lowest key switch.
And key number data for medium pitch key switches
Compare with J2. This entered key number data Jc
Is a value between the key number data J1 and the key number data J2, the key number data J1 of the lowest tone key switch is subtracted from the key number data Jc of the operated key switch to obtain the difference number data Jd. . And
The obtained difference number data Jd is multiplied by the ratio Δx11, and the first parameter x11 is added to this multiplication value to obtain the interpolation data x1. Similarly, the interpolation data x2 to xn are obtained. The parameters x1 to xn as the interpolated data x2 to xn thus obtained are passed through the DA conversion circuit 80, the demultiplexer 90 and the holding circuits 101 to 10n to the synthesizer.
Given to 110.

When any key between the middle pitch key switch and the highest pitch key switch of the keyboard 120 is operated, the key number data Jc of the operated key switch is the middle level. It is determined that the pitch is larger than the key number data J2 of the key switch and the difference number data Je between the two is obtained. Then, the obtained difference number data Je
Is multiplied by the ratio Δx12, and the second parameter x12 is added to this multiplied value to obtain the parameter x1 as interpolation data. Similarly, the parameters x2 to xn of the interpolation data are obtained, and the synthesizer 110 generates sounds based on the obtained parameters x1 to xn of the interpolation data.

In the third embodiment, the parameter interpolation has been described in the case where the characteristics such as the tone color of the musical instrument change according to the pitch of the keyboard. In order to realize such a musical instrument, it is possible to generate a performance sound by interpolating parameters according to the strength of the keystroke and the pitch of the keystroke. For this purpose, the keyboard depression detection circuit 130 determines which key of the keyboard 120 has been operated and detects the depression force of each key. On the other hand, the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n set at least four kinds of parameters, the strongest and weakest keystrokes at the lowest pitch, and the strongest and weakest keystrokes at the highest pitch. In addition, the parameters corresponding to the pitch of the key operated when one of the keys was operated and the strength of the keystroke,
By performing interpolation by interpolating the parameters set by the parameter setting variable resistors 11 to 1n, it is possible to obtain a performance sound of a musical tone having features corresponding to the strength of the keystroke and the pitch thereof. In addition, in the above-described first to third embodiments, the description has been made in connection with the case where the parameters of the two types of performance sound elements are connected by a straight line and an arbitrary point therebetween is interpolated, but the parameters of the two types of performance sound elements are described. Connect with a curve,
The points in between may be interpolated.

The above-mentioned three embodiments may be combined. Further, in the above-described embodiments, the case where the performance sound element for giving the musical tone signal to the analog synthesizer is generated is described, but the performance sound element may be provided to the digital synthesizer. In this case, the parameters read from the memory may be output as they are without being converted into analog values.

[0039]

As described above, according to the first and second inventions, the following effects can be obtained. First invention: A parameter corresponding to an arbitrary pitch between the pitches is formed by interpolating between parameters generated corresponding to at least two pitches. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a musical tone whose tone color or the like changes as desired in accordance with the change in pitch. Second invention: A parameter corresponding to an arbitrary velocity value between the velocity values is formed by interpolating between parameters generated corresponding to at least two velocity values corresponding to the keystroke strength. Therefore, it is possible to easily obtain a musical tone whose tone color or the like changes as desired in response to a change in keystroke strength.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of a musical sound generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of an operation unit according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a memory that stores data according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a main routine of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a calculation subroutine of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a reproduction subroutine of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the contents of calculation of parameters of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a second embodiment of the musical sound generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an external view of a controller according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an operating state of the parameter setting variable resistor of the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the operating procedure of the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a main routine of the second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a parameter storage subroutine of the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a calculation subroutine of the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a reproduction subroutine of the second embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing the contents of calculation of parameters of the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a third part of the musical tone generating apparatus of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram of an Example.

FIG. 18 is an external view of a keyboard according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of the operating procedure of the third embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a main routine of the third embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart of a parameter storage subroutine of the third embodiment.

FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a calculation subroutine of the third embodiment.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a reproduction subroutine of the third embodiment.

[Description of symbols] 10 Controller 11 to 1n Variable resistor for parameter setting 20 Multiplexer 30 A to D conversion circuit 40 CPU 50 Memory 61, 62 Program switch 63 Calculation switch 64 Store switch 71 to 7n Preset switch 80 D to A conversion circuit 90 Demultiplexer 101 to 10n Holding circuit 110 Synthesizer 120 Keyboard 130 Keyboard down detection circuit

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A performance sound element generator for an electronic musical instrument, wherein a performance sound element is constituted by a plurality of parameters, and a musical sound signal is output based on such performance sound element, wherein at least two types of performance sound elements are provided. Parameter setting means for setting a plurality of parameters constituting each, performance sound element designating means for designating at least two types of performance sound elements represented by the plurality of parameters set by the parameter setting means, and the performance sound element designating means And a performance sound element output means for outputting a performance sound element based on the parameter interpolated by said interpolation means. , A musical sound element generator for electronic musical instruments. 2. The interpolating means calculates a rate of change for each parameter between at least two types of performance sound elements designated by the performance sound element designating means, and the two types of designation. Based on the arbitrary performance sound element designating means for designating an arbitrary point between performance sound elements, and the change rate calculated by the change rate calculating means and the point specified by the arbitrary performance sound element designating means. The performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, further comprising parameter calculation means for calculating a parameter at a designated point. 3. The parameter calculating means obtains a difference between an arbitrary point designated by the arbitrary performance sound element designating means and at least one of at least two types designated by the performance sound element designating means. Multiplication means for multiplying the difference obtained by the means for obtaining the difference and the change rate obtained by the change rate calculating means, and a result obtained by multiplication by the multiplying means and the designated at least two types of performance sounds The performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, further comprising addition means for adding the parameter of one of the elements. 4. The parameter setting means includes a parameter storage means for storing the plurality of parameters in advance.
A performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1. 5. The performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 4, wherein said parameter setting means includes parameter input means for storing said plurality of parameters in said parameter storage means. 6. The parameter input means includes a plurality of variable resistors that output the plurality of parameters as voltage values, a multiplexer that outputs voltage values from the plurality of variable resistors in a time division manner, and the multiplexer. A output that is converted to digital value
The performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 5, further comprising: -D conversion means; and means for storing the output of the AD conversion means in the parameter storage means. 7. The performance sound element generation device for an electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the arbitrary performance sound element designating means is a keyboard.