JPH08191609A - Clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a clutch device excellent in controllability, furnished with a relief to guide to the shaft edge faces the tip of a pawl so as not to come into contact with the other party of the pawls to be engaged through approaching slantly relative to the shaft centers, thereby enabling the distance between the shaft edges to be rendered shorter and preventing mutual contact of the pawls. CONSTITUTION: This clutch device stands equipped with a relief 156 furnished on the respective shaft edges of a pair of revolving shafts 151, 152 and to guide to shaft edge faces 90, 91 the tip of a pawl 155 so as not to come into contact with the other party of the pawls 155 to be engaged through approaching slantly relative to shaft centers 153, 154. It is preferable that the relief 156 is provided by a slope 93 on the upper part of the pawls 155.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clutch device having pawls that mesh with each other.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Agricultural work machines connected to the rear of a tractor or the like, particularly halos or cultivators having a width in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction, have a structure in which both sides of the machine body are folded toward the center. Are known. For example,
According to the Japanese Patent No. 163907, the working machine extending to the left and right is rotated about a vertical or inclined connecting pin provided on the main body frame to substantially reduce the machine width, thereby facilitating road traveling and storage. It is like this. In addition, JP-A-61
The cultivating device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 282001 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a central tiller 102 connected to the rear part of the tractor 101 and side tillers 103, 10 provided on both sides of the central tiller 102.
4 and, if necessary, the horizontal axis 105,
It is designed to be rotated around 106.

However, in these conventional agricultural working machines,
When the left and right work machines having a considerable weight are deployed, the center of gravity is largely moved upward or backward, and there is a problem that maneuverability and stability in the folded posture are deteriorated.
In addition, since chain cases and gear cases for transmitting power to the left and right work machines are provided at both ends or between the central tilling device 102 and the side tilling devices 103 and 104, it is possible to cultivate only the places of installation. However, there was a problem that it was difficult to cultivate again.

The applicant of the present invention has developed and applied for an agricultural working machine capable of preventing a decrease in maneuverability and stability during folding and an agricultural working machine that does not cause residual tillage (patent application). Hira 6-99550). In this agricultural working machine, left and right working units are provided on both sides of the central working unit in the machine width direction so as to be rotatable about a pivot, and the pivots are located closer to the center than both ends of the central working unit. Further, each working unit has a clutch mechanism for appropriately connecting the working shafts to each other, and a transmission mechanism for transmitting power to the working shafts is provided only at one end of the machine body. The pivot is tilted slightly from the horizontal so that the left and right working parts are deployed obliquely rearward. With this configuration, the length of the left and right working parts is shorter than the total length of the part that rotates around the pivot axis, the movement of the center of gravity when folded to the central working part side is suppressed, and the maneuverability and stability are reduced. In addition to being able to prevent it, the part of the entire machine width that was not worked was limited to one side edge, and complete work without residual plowing was achieved.

[0005]

By the way, the rotation transmission system of the folding agricultural working machine needs to be provided with a clutch device for joining and separating the rotation transmission system as the posture is changed. In this case, the one rotation shaft and the other rotation shaft approach each other in an oblique direction and are joined.
Therefore, in the above-mentioned proposal, a configuration is disclosed in which the claw clutch is provided with a compression spring to prevent the tips of the claws from contacting each other. However, in this structure, in order to take the stroke of the compression spring, it is necessary to secure a considerable distance between the shaft ends. For this reason, for example, in the work shaft of the crushing work machine, if the distance between the shaft ends is large, the distance between the work claws attached to this is wide, and uniform crushing work in the width direction cannot be performed.

Therefore, in the present invention, the distance between the shaft ends can be made small in the claw clutch which comes into close contact with each other in an oblique direction and engages with each other.
Moreover, the invention was devised to provide a clutch device that can prevent the claws from contacting each other.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a clutch device having a pawl provided on the shaft ends of a pair of rotary shafts and obliquely approaching the shaft center and meshing with the pawl.
A relief portion is provided to guide the tip of the other claw body to the shaft end surface so that the tip does not contact. The relief portion may be formed by an inclined surface formed on the upper portion of the claw body. Further, it may be formed by a receding surface formed in the meshing portion of the claw body. Alternatively, it may be formed by a reduction surface obtained by reducing the height of the claw body. Further, it may be formed by a reduction surface in which the width of the claw body is reduced.

[0008]

With the above structure, the inclined surface, the receding surface, the reducing surface,
The relief portion formed by the reduction surface or the like prevents the other claws from contacting each other by guiding the other claw to the shaft end surface when the clutch is joined.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a clutch device according to the present invention. This clutch device is provided at the shaft ends of a pair of rotary shafts 151, 152 and has shaft centers 153, 154.
The claw bodies 155 that are close to each other and mesh with each other
The claw body 155 is provided with an escape portion 156 that leads to the shaft end faces 90 and 91 so that the tip of the other claw body 155 does not come into contact with the claw body 155.

Cylindrical claw clutch members 84 and 85, which are clutch devices, have a threaded portion 89 formed at a base end for screwing with a bearing member, a seal device, or the like, and a rotary shaft 15 in a shaft hole.
Spline teeth 146 for spline connection are formed at the shaft ends of 1, 152. And the pawl clutch member 84,
Collar-shaped shaft end faces 90, 91 are formed on the tip end side of 85, and three claws 155 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the peripheral surface portions are meshed with each other. It is designed to transmit rotation.

The claw body 155 of the one claw clutch member 84 is
The meshing surface 92 is formed by retreating from the tip portion 96, and the upper surface 93 includes one triangular claw 94 having an inclination and two square claws 95 smaller than the triangular claw 94. A tip portion 96 of the triangular claw 94 is formed by the meshing surface 92 and the upper surface 93 at an acute angle, and its edge is slightly inclined inward in the radial direction.
The square claw 95 is formed into an arcuate columnar body having a meshing surface 95a having a height and a radial width about half that of the triangular claw 94 and having a substantially square radial cross section. 95a is formed by retracting from the tip 96. That is, the inclined upper surface 93 of the triangular claw 94 and the square claw 95.
The reduced size of the top surface 157 and side surface 158
A relief portion 156 is formed.

The engaging claw 9 of the other claw clutch member 85
7 has a shape substantially similar to that of the triangular claw 94, and its meshing surface 9
8 is formed by retreating from the tip 96. That is, the meshing surface 92 of the triangular claw 94 and the meshing surface 95a of the square claw 95.
And the meshing surfaces 98 of the meshing claws 97 are all formed at the same angle α and are retracted from the respective tip portions 96 (α <9
0, see FIG. 9).

Therefore, for example, the fixed rotating shaft 152
, The rotating shaft 15 moving along an arcuate trajectory
When joining 1 to each other, even if the tip end portion 96 of the triangular claw 94 approaching from above contacts the upper surface 93 of the meshing claw 97, the rotary shaft 15 is guided by the inclination of both upper surfaces 93.
1 rotates, and finally it comes to mesh with the meshing surface 98 of the meshing claw 97 next to it. Further, since the height of the square claw 95 is low and the meshing surfaces 92, 95a, 98 are retracted, mutual contact is avoided, and the tip portion 96 is further inclined in the radial direction. Even if the tips 96 are butted against each other, the joining is not blocked. That is, it is not necessary to adjust the phase between the rotary shafts 151 and 152, and it is possible to prevent accidents such as damage due to abutting of the claws.

As the relief portion 156 of this embodiment, the retracted meshing surface 98 of the meshing claw 97, the upper surface 93 of the triangular claw 94,
Although the upper surface 157 and the side surface 158 of the square claw 95 are shown, it is not necessary to provide them all, and depending on the joining conditions of the rotating shaft, etc.
For example, the side surface 158 may be omitted.

Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
This embodiment shows the case where the clutch device having the above-mentioned configuration is applied to the work shaft of the crushing work machine. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crushing work machine is provided with a crushing member 2 provided at the rear of the crushing mechanism 1 and divided into a center and left and right,
A folding mechanism 3 for folding the left and right compression members 2 toward the center is provided, and a holding means 4 for holding the compression members 2 at predetermined positions and a compression member 2 at the center. When the folding mechanism is folded, the adjusting mechanism 5 for supporting the folding mechanism in parallel with the expansion axis of the folding mechanism 3 is provided.

The crushing mechanism 1 includes a work shaft 6 extending in the machine width direction.
Is composed of a large number of work claws 7 radially attached at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the work shaft 6, and is divided into the center and left and right like the compression member 2. That is, the divided crushing mechanism 1 and the crushing member 2 constitute the central working unit 8 and the left and right working units 9 and 10 of the crushing working machine 1. The compression member 2 includes a flat plate 13 axially supported by a rotor cover 11 provided above the work claw 7 via a pin 12, and a leveling plate 15 axially supported by the flat plate 13 via a pin 14. It is composed of. These pins 12 and 14 are
It extends parallel to the work shaft 6 (machine width direction) and has a flat plate 13
The grounding plate 15 and the grounding plate 15 are swingable in the vertical direction and the front-back direction, respectively. The rotor cover 11 is divided into the center and the left and right corresponding to the soil crushing mechanism 1, and each of them is a center frame 16 and the left and right frames 1 which are machine frames of the crushing work machine.
It is fixed to 7,18. The central frame 16 and the left and right frames 17 and 18 are connected via a support shaft pin 19, which is a development shaft.

The central frame 16 and the left and right frames 17,
The reference numeral 18 substantially includes a hollow main rod 20 and left and right connecting rods 21 and 22 which are parallel to the work shaft 6. Main rod 20
A mission 23 is provided at an intermediate position (center in the machine width direction), and an input shaft 24 for receiving a rotational driving force from a driving source such as a tractor is accommodated therein. A top arm 26 and a lower arm 27 for connecting to the three-point link 25 are provided on the top of the mission 23 and the main rod 20. A connecting member 28 is formed at both outer ends of the main rod 20 so as to project in the radial direction, and faces a tubular connecting member 29 having a rectangular cross section formed at the ends of the left and right connecting rods 21 and 22. Then, the tips of these connecting members 29 are appropriately overlapped,
The spindle pin 19 is inserted at the upper end position. In the present embodiment, the support shaft pin 19 extends in the traveling direction in plan view and is slightly inclined so that the front is higher. That is, the left and right frames 17 and 18 are adapted to be folded upward and obliquely rearward. Further, the position of the support shaft pin 19 is located closer to the center than both side ends of the central working portion 8. In other words, the length of the main rod 20 is formed to be shorter than the width of the central working portion 8. Further, in this embodiment, the left and right frames 17 and 18 are developed and moved by 90 degrees or more, and the left and right working units 9 and 1 at that time are moved.
The outer end of 0 does not protrude from both end positions of the central working unit 8. That is, the lengths of the main rod 20 and the left and right connecting rods 21 and 22 are set so that the width of the central working unit 8 becomes the machine width in the folded posture.

The folding mechanism 3 includes the above-mentioned support shaft pin 19 and
It is composed of a pair of reciprocating hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 which are spanned between the central frame 16 and the left and right frames 17 and 18 while straddling the spindle pin 19. Hydraulic cylinder 3
The base ends of 0 and 31 are pivotally supported via brackets 32 attached to both ends of the main rod 20, respectively, and the tips of piston rods 33 thereof are attached via brackets 34 attached to the left and right connecting rods 21 and 22, respectively. Is pivoted. That is, these hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 are symmetrically arranged, and by extending the piston rod 33, the frames 16 ...
The left and right frames 17 and 18 are folded toward the center by being retracted. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 are adapted to be supplied with hydraulic pressure by a hydraulic pressure generating device provided in the mission 23 and driven.

Next, the holding means 4 has a central grounding plate 15 at one end.
a, a pair of stay members 35 whose other ends are pivotally supported by the left and right ground leveling plates 15b and 15c. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the stay member 35 includes a base stay 3 having a substantially square cross section.
6 and a tip stay 37 having a U-shaped cross section which is slidable in the base stay 36. One end of the base stay 36 and the other end of the tip stay 37 are pivotally supported by a pin 40 on a reinforcing plate 38 and a bracket 39 mounted on the ground leveling plate 15. The pin 40 is provided in parallel with the ground leveling plate 15, and the stay member 35 rotates along a plane perpendicular to the ground leveling plate 15 and expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction. Further, contact plates 41 are attached near both ends of the ground leveling plate 15, and the tip stay 3 is arranged so that the stay member 35 is substantially parallel to the ground leveling plate 15 with the ground leveling plate 15 aligned in a straight line.
It comes in contact with 7. The contact plate 41 is partly overlapped with the bracket 42 attached to the flat plate 13, and the pin 14 is positioned at this part.

The adjusting means 5 is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a rod 43 provided above the central frame 16.
And a support rod 45 for supporting the bracket 44 to the central frame 16, the bracket 44 having one end axially supported at the rear end of the rod 43 and a support rod 45 for supporting the bracket 44 on the central frame 16, and the other end of the bracket 44 being the central grounding plate 15a. Is pivoted to. Figure 6
As shown in, the tip end portion of the rod 43 is supported by the top arm 26 via a lever member 46 and a bracket 47. The lever member 46 is composed of a pair of parallel plates pivotally supported on the upper end of the bracket 47, and a peripheral edge portion 48 thereof is formed with a predetermined profile. Then, the rod 43 is supported at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction by abutting the contact piece 49 attached to the tip of the rod on the peripheral portion 48. A spring 5 for urging the abutment piece 49 on the rod 43 in a direction to engage the lever member 46.
The lever member 46 is provided with an operation lever 52 for rotating the support shaft 51.
In the present embodiment, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the leveling plate 15 is made parallel to the support shaft pin 19 while being rotated counterclockwise until it abuts on the stopper 53 provided on the bracket 47. It is supposed to be maintained. Then, by rotating clockwise from this position and restraining the abutment piece 49 in the groove 54 formed in the peripheral edge portion 48 (the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line in the figure), the rod 43 is moved rearward and the leveling plate. 15 is in a downward state, and the contact piece 49 is located outside the groove 54 (position indicated by a broken line in the figure) to move the rod 43 forward, so that the leveling plate 15 is upward than in the state of FIG. Is formed. That is, the leveling plate 15 can be freely adjusted to a state suitable for scraping work and soil gathering work.

On the other hand, the flat plate 13 is supported by the main rod 20 and the left and right connecting rods 21 and 22 via the bracket 55 and the rod 56, so that the flat plate 13 can be appropriately inclined downward. Two brackets 55 are attached to the main rod 20 and one each to the left and right connecting rods 21 and 22, and the tips thereof extend rearward. A bent piece 57 is formed at this extended end, and a hole is formed in a substantially vertical direction. And in this hole,
The upper part of the rod 56 is inserted. The lower end of the rod 56 is pivotally supported on the upper surface of the flat plate 13 via a bracket 58. The coil spring 5 is provided above and below the bent piece 57.
9, 60 are provided, and the coil springs 59, 60 are provided.
The rod 56 is held at an appropriate position by the urging force of and the coil 56 moves vertically in a range where the coil springs 59 and 60 are in balance with each other. That is, the flat plate 13 and the leveling plate 15 are allowed to swing to some extent, and the frame 1
It is held from the 6 ... 18 side.

Next, the rotary drive system of the crushing work machine will be described.
This rotary drive system is provided inside the left side of the main rod 20 and is provided inside the left output rod 63 and the first output shaft 63 that is connected to the input shaft 24 by the bevel gears 61 and 62. Is a second output shaft 65 connected by a transmission 64.
It is comprised including. And the 1st output shaft 63 and the 2nd output shaft 65 are the 1st clutch mechanism 6 shown in FIG.
6, the left working shaft 6b and the central working shaft 6a, and the central working shaft 6a and the right working shaft (not shown) are joined and separated by the second clutch mechanism 67 which is the above-mentioned clutch device. It is like this.

As shown in FIG. 10, the other end of the first output shaft 63 is supported by the main rod 20 via a bearing 68, and the connecting member 2
A claw clutch member 69 is spline-coupled to an inwardly projecting shaft end portion of 8. The second output shaft 65 is the left connecting rod 2
A claw clutch member 70, which is supported at both ends of 1 via bearings 68, has one end protruding inward of the connecting member 29 and meshes with a claw clutch member 69 of the first output shaft 63, is spline-coupled. The base end of the pawl clutch member 70 and the bearing 69
A compression spring 71 is provided between the claw clutch member 7 and
It is urged in the direction that 0 is projected. A retaining plate 72 for locking the pawl clutch member 70 is attached to the shaft end surface of one end of the second output shaft 65. The other end of the second output shaft 65 is
As shown in FIG. 2, a sprocket 73, which projects from the left connecting rod 21 and serves as a transmission device 64, is attached. One end of the left working shaft 6b is rotatably supported by the left side plate 74 attached to the flange of the left connecting rod 21, and is connected to the sprocket 73 of the second output shaft 65 by the chain 75.
6 is attached. These sprockets 73,7
6 and the chain 75 are hermetically covered by a chain case 77 attached to the left side plate 74.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the second clutch mechanism 67 includes support plates 78 and 79 for the frames 16 ...
The clutch housings 80 and 81 supported by the claw clutch members that are spline-coupled to the ends of the left work shaft 6b and the central work shaft 6a, and are supported by the clutch housings 80 and 81 via bearings 82 and oil seals 83. 8
4 and 85. The second clutch mechanism 67 between the right work shaft and the central work shaft 6a has the same structure. The support plate 78 of the left work shaft 6b is supported by the left connecting rod 21. The support plate 79 of the central working shaft 6a is connected to the main rod 20.
Are supported by auxiliary rods 86 mounted in parallel with brackets 145 (see FIG. 10).
The clutch housings 80 and 81 are fitted in the support holes 87 formed in the support plates 78 and 79, and the bolts and nuts 88 are attached.
It is fixed in. In addition, the support plate 7 for the left working shaft 6b
A guide pin 100 is attached to 8 and the central work shaft 6a
The support plate 79 is loosely fitted into a long hole 99 formed so as to be inclined, whereby the joining of the claw clutch members 84 and 85 is guided.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described collectively.

When working in a paddy field or the like, the top arm 26 and the lower arm 27 are connected to the three-point link 25 of the tractor, and the input shaft 24 is connected to the drive shaft (not shown) of the tractor. And hydraulic cylinder 3
0 and 31 are extended and the left and right frames 17 and 18 are extended in the machine width direction to be in the working posture. At this time, the clutch mechanisms 66 and 67 are in a state of being joined to each other, and the rotational driving force is transmitted from the input shaft 24 to the output shafts 63 and 65 and the transmission device 64.
After being transmitted to the work shaft 6, the work claw 7 is rotationally driven, so that the work claw 7 is crushed and scraped as the tractor travels. In addition, the stay member 35 prevents the ground leveling plates 15 from being displaced from each other and prevents a step from being formed on the cultivated land.

When carrying the crushing work machine or storing it in a warehouse or the like, the operating lever 52 of the adjusting means 5 is used.
Is moved to position the leveling plate 15 substantially parallel to the support shaft pin 19, and then the left and right frames 17 and 18 are expanded upward with the support shaft pin 19 as the center by the operation of the hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31. Fold in. At this time, the stay member 35
Rotates while extending and holds the leveling plates 15 along the deployment track, and the leveling plates 1 are separated from each other and are free.
5 and the flat plate 13 are restrained. Left and right working parts 9, 1
0 is held obliquely upward and rearward in a state where it does not come out from both side ends of the central working unit 8.

As described above, since the second clutch mechanism 67 is used for connecting the working shaft 6, the clutch can be joined only by returning the left and right frames 17 and 18 horizontally, and the distance between the shafts can be minimized. You can That is, the two claw clutch members 84 and 85 can be engaged with each other without adjusting the phase, and in combination with the configuration in which the hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 perform the folding operation, the burden on the operator is reduced. It

Further, in the crushing earth working machine of the present concrete example, the leveling plates 15a, 15b, 1 which are foldable and divided are divided.
Since the stretchable stay member 35 is hung between the 5c and pivotally supported at both ends, the position of the ground leveling plate 15 is appropriately maintained, and the occurrence of a step in a paddy field or the like during work is prevented, and the folded position is maintained. The prevention of vibration noise is achieved. Further, since the stay member 35 is held in a state that it is always connected to the ground leveling plate 15, there is no trouble to attach and detach to and from the ground leveling plate 15, and the hydraulic cylinders 30 and 31 perform the folding operation. Together with this, the operator can automatically change the posture by remote control while riding on the tractor. And the adjusting means 5 is added to the leveling plate 15.
The ground leveling plate 15 regulated by the stay member 35 when the left and right frames 17 and 18 are folded.
b, 15c unfolding movement direction and left and right frames 17, 18
It is possible to prevent the unfoldable state from being crossed by being maintained in parallel with the rotation direction of.

Further, since the support shaft pin 19 is located closer to the center than both side ends of the central working portion 8, the weight of the left and right working portions 9 and 10 in the unfolded portion is small, and the center of gravity in the folded posture is reduced. Since it can be positioned relatively downward, it is possible to prevent the maneuverability and stability from being impaired when carrying and traveling by a tractor. That is, it is possible to achieve both the reduction of the machine width and the securing of the maneuverability and the stability. Further, since the transmission device 64 is provided at a position between the second output shaft 65 which is the left end of the machine body and the left work shaft 6b to transmit the rotational driving force, only the left end of the entire width of the machine body is provided. Is a part where no work is done, and there is no residual tillage that is difficult to re-plow. For example, when cultivating the ridge of a ridge, by plowing so that the right working portion is in contact with the side surface of the ridge, a complete work without residual tillage can be performed. Since the support shaft pin 19 is slightly inclined relative to the horizontal and the left and right frames 17 and 18 are slanted rearwardly developed, the movement of the center of gravity in the front-rear direction is minimized, and at the power side (tractor). Interference can be avoided. Furthermore, the left and right working units 9 and 10,
Since it was formed so as to be located inward of both ends of the central working unit 8 when it was deployed diagonally rearward, the machine width when folded is determined by the width of the central working unit 8, and it is effective to reduce the entire machine body. This also reduces the dead space during storage.

In the specific embodiment, the crushing work machine is shown as an object to which the clutch device is applied, but the present invention can be widely applied to machines having a similar rotary shaft.

[0033]

In summary, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the distance between the shaft ends of a claw clutch that is engaged with each other in an obliquely approaching manner, and it is possible to prevent contact between claw bodies.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a clutch device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the crushing work machine showing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the holding means of FIG.

5 is a side view showing a main part of FIG.

6 is a side view showing another main part of FIG. 3. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing the second clutch mechanism of FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

9 is a cross-sectional view of the engagement claw of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the first clutch mechanism of FIG.

FIG. 11 is a rear view of the tiller for explaining the conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing mechanism 2 Squeezing member 3 Folding mechanism 6 Working shaft 57 Second clutch mechanism 90, 91 Shaft end surface 92 Interlocking surface 93 Upper surface (sloping surface) 94 Triangular claw (claw body) 95 Square claw (claw body) 96 Top part 97 meshing claw (claw body) 98 meshing surface (retracting surface) 151,152 rotating shaft 153,154 shaft center 155 claw body 156 relief part 157 upper surface (reducing surface) 158 side surface (reducing surface)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A clutch device having pawls provided at shaft ends of a pair of rotary shafts and approaching each other obliquely with respect to the shaft center, wherein a tip of the other pawl is attached to the pawl. A clutch device having an escape portion that guides the shaft end surface so as not to abut. 2. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the relief portion is formed by an inclined surface formed on an upper portion of the claw body. 3. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the relief portion is formed by a receding surface formed in a meshing portion of the claw body. 4. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the relief portion is formed by a reduction surface in which the height of the claw body is reduced. 5. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the relief portion is formed by a reduction surface having a reduced width of the pawl.