JPH08189522A - Locking device for bolt or nut - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enable the sure locking of a bolt or nut while facilitating the loosening, enabling the reuse of the same and improving the operation property. CONSTITUTION: A locking device is provided with a seat bed 7 unrotatably inserted between a bolt or nut and fastened object and a rotatable bed 6 inserted between the seat bed and bolt or nut and fitted to rotate together with the bolt or nut only in the direction of fastening through the seat bed and a ratchet mechanism 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a locking device for bolts or nuts applied to rockets, airplanes, and other environments and environments with high vibrations.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional bolt or nut locking mechanism used in an environment with high vibration. In the figure, a double nut, a tab washer, etc. are conventionally used as a loosening prevention mechanism for bolts and nuts. The double nut is a nut 04 when the bolt 03 is fastened with the nut 04 as shown in FIG.
By tightening the two nuts, the two nuts 04 are fixed to each other by contact friction, and the nuts 04 are prevented from loosening. As shown in FIG. 2B, the tab washer sandwiches the washer 17 with the claw 17a between the bolt 03 and the flange 18, and the claw 17a is alternately bolted to the bolt 03.
Side and the flange 18 side, the bolt 0
It is designed to prevent 3 from loosening.

[0003]

As described above, conventionally, a double nut, a tab washer or the like has been used as a locking mechanism for bolts and nuts. However, the double nut only increases the contact friction between the nuts 4. Therefore, the effect of preventing loosening is low, and it is necessary for the tab washer to have a seat on the surface of the flange 18 for folding and fixing the claw 17a of the tab washer 17, which requires time for installation and removal, and the tab washer 17 must be removed each time it is removed. Need to be replaced.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION A bolt or nut locking device according to the present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and is a seat which is inserted between a bolt or nut and an object to be fastened in a non-rotatable manner. And a rotary table that is inserted between the seat and the bolt or nut and that is rotatably fitted together with the bolt or nut only in the tightening direction via the seat and the ratchet mechanism. To do.

[0005]

That is, in the bolt or nut loosening prevention device according to the present invention, the rotary table is inserted between the seat and the bolt or the nut that is non-rotatably inserted between the bolt or the nut and the object to be fastened. The seat and the ratchet mechanism are rotatably fitted together with the bolts or nuts only in the tightening direction, and the seat does not rotate with respect to the object to be fastened. Further, the rotary base easily rotates with the bolt or nut in the tightening direction with respect to the seat, but does not rotate in the opposite loosening direction by the ratchet and does not rotate the bolt or nut. As a result, the bolt or nut can easily tighten the object to be fastened while sandwiching the device, but after tightening, the ratchet can securely prevent the bolt or nut from loosening. Further, it can be easily loosened by operating the ratchet.

[0006]

1 and 2 are explanatory views of a bolt and nut locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a bolt and nut locking mechanism according to an application example thereof. 1 and 2, the bolt according to the present embodiment,
The nut locking mechanism is a locking mechanism for bolts and nuts used in places such as rockets and aircrafts, environments with high vibration, mechanisms installed in high-speed fluid, places where maintenance is impossible, etc. When two flanges 2 are fastened together with bolts 3 and nuts 4, as shown in Fig. 2, insert washer-type detent device 1 between bolts 3 and flanges 2 and between nuts 4 and flanges 2, respectively. The bolts 3, nuts 4, etc. are prevented from being loosened by an external force such as vibration, and the protrusions 9 provided on both sides of the washer-type detent device 1 have bolts 3, nuts 4, flanges and the like. Groove 5 carved in each 2
It is fitted inside to prevent the bearing surfaces of the bolt 3, the nut 4, and the flange 2 from sliding on each other. In this manner, the existing bolts 3, nuts 4, and nuts 4, so that the side surfaces of the bolts 3, nuts 4, and flanges 2 each have the shape of the groove 5.
The flange 2 and the like can be easily processed, and the washer-type detent device 1 can be easily applied. As shown in FIG. 2, the turntable 6 is incorporated in the seat 7 via the bearing 8. The turntable 6 has a gear 1 on the outer periphery of the bottom.
It has 0, and when it is combined with the ratchet mechanism 11, it freely rotates in one direction with respect to the seat 7,
It does not rotate in the opposite direction. This allows
It is easy to tighten the bolt 3 and the nut 4, and the loosening is prevented. Further, since the rotary base 6 and the base 7 are supported via the bearing 8, the friction of the bearing surface, which accounts for most of the tightening torque when tightening the conventional bolts 3 and nuts 4, is greatly reduced. It is possible to reduce the tightening torque.

The gear 10 of the ratchet mechanism 11 has different half-vertical angles (left side: θ, right side: α, θ> with respect to the center line).
α), the ball 12 supported by the spring 13 can be easily pushed down to rotate when the gear 10 rotates in the forward direction, but the resistance becomes very large when rotating in the reverse direction. . As a result, the bolt 3 and the nut 4
Can be easily tightened, and at the same time, it has a certain resistance in the loosening direction so that it will not loosen. When loosening the bolt 3 and the nut 4, it is sufficient to rotate the bolt 3 and the nut 4 with a force greater than this resistance. The resistance value can be adjusted by changing the angle α, and the optimum one can be selected according to the environment in which it is used. The washer-type detent device 1 includes a base 7 and a rotary base 6 supported on the base 7 via bearings 8. The base 7 has a protrusion 9 and a flange 2 provided on the base 7. It does not rotate with respect to the flange 2 because it fits in the groove 5 engraved on it. Further, the rotary table 6 also rotates together with the bolt 3 because the protrusion 9 provided on the rotary table 6 and the groove 5 formed in the bolt 3 and the nut 4 are fitted together, and does not cause chamfering. Due to the ratchet mechanism 11 composed of the gear 10 at the bottom of the turntable 6 and the spring 13 attached to the seat 7, the turntable 6 easily rotates with respect to the seat 7 in the tightening direction, but the opposite looseness. It is difficult to rotate in the direction, and usually does not rotate. As a result, the bolt 3 can easily tighten the flange 2 with the washer-type detent device 1 sandwiched therebetween, but once tightened once, the loosening is reliably prevented.

Note that the ratchet mechanism 11 may have a structure having an adapter 14 which rotates around a fulcrum 15 between the gear 10 and the ball 12 as shown in FIG. 3, so that in the state shown in FIG. The gear 10 easily rotates in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing, but does not rotate in the clockwise direction. Further, when the adapter 14 is rotated together with the fulcrum 15 to the state shown in FIG. 7B, the gear 10 rotates clockwise in the figure but does not rotate counterclockwise. With such a ratchet mechanism, the bolt 3 and the nut 4 can be easily tightened and removed by switching the handle (not shown) directly connected to the fulcrum 15.
Similar to the bolt and nut loosening prevention mechanisms according to the above-described embodiments, reliable loosening prevention can be expected.

Conventionally, a double nut, a tab washer, etc. have been used as a locking mechanism for bolts and nuts. However, since the double nut only increases the contact friction between the nuts, the locking effect is low, and the tab washer It is necessary to provide a seat for breaking and fixing the tab of the tab washer on the flange surface, and it takes time to mount and remove the tab washer and it is necessary to replace the tab washer each time it is detached. On the other hand, in the bolt and nut loosening prevention mechanism described above, the washer-type detent device 1 having the ratchet mechanism 11 is sandwiched between the bolt 3 and the nut 4 and the flange 2, and The stopper 1 is composed of a rotary table 6 on the side of the bolt 3 and the nut 4 and a seat 7 on the side of the flange 2, and the rotary table 6 is mounted on the seat 7 with bearings 8.
And is rotatable with respect to the seat 7. Further, the rotating table 6 has a structure in which the rotating table 6 easily rotates in one direction with respect to the seat 7, but does not easily rotate or does not rotate in the opposite direction by the ratchet mechanism 11. By simply sandwiching the anti-rotation device 1 like this between the flange 2, the bolt 3 and the nut 4, it is possible to securely prevent the loosening. Further, when loosening the bolts 3 and the nuts 4, a suitable ratchet mechanism 11 is adopted to loosen them with a torque that overcomes the drag force of the ratchet mechanism 11, or the handle of the ratchet mechanism 11 can be easily loosened. It can be reused. Further, by supporting the rotary base 6 on the base 7 via the bearing 8, the frictional resistance of the bearing surface generated between the conventional bolt 3, nut 4, etc. and the flange 2 can be significantly reduced. You can As a result, the tightening torque of the bolt 3 and the nut 4 can be reduced by about 50% as compared with the conventional bolt and nut, and the workability can be greatly improved.

[0010]

The bolt or nut locking device according to the present invention is constructed as described above, and since the bolt or nut can be reliably locked and can be easily loosened, it can be reused. Possible and workability is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a bolt and nut locking mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 (a) is a front view of the ratchet mechanism, FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2 (a), and FIG.

FIG. 3 (a) is a front view of a bolt nut locking mechanism according to an application example of the above embodiment, and FIG. 3 (b) is an explanatory view of its operation.

4 (a) and 4 (b) are respectively a conventional bolt,
It is a front view of the locking mechanism of a nut.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 washer type detent device 2 flange 3 bolt 4 nut 5 groove 6 turntable 7 seat 8 bearing 9 protrusion 10 gear 11 ratchet mechanism 12 ball 13 spring 14 adapter 15 fulcrum

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seat which is non-rotatably inserted between a bolt or a nut and an object to be fastened, and a seat which is inserted between the seat and the bolt or the nut and is fastened to the seat through a ratchet mechanism. A bolt or nut anti-loosening device, comprising: a turntable that is rotatably fitted together with the bolt or nut only in a direction.