JPH08189291A - Shield excavating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a system of a working deck of a shield excavating machine for use with the H&V shield construction method as well as an ordinary shield excavating machine, wherein the working deck can be held always horizontally even though the excavating machine revolves round its axis. CONSTITUTION: A rotary drum 15 is installed at the front of a working deck 19, and through a bearing 17 the peripheral edge of this rotary drum 15 is fixed in such a way as capable of revolving in the circumferential direction relative to a supporting frame 14 installed in the body 2 of an excavating machine. Through gears and a drive motor 18 mounted on the frame 14 the working deck 19 is together with the drum 15 is made rotatable relative to the body 2 of excavating machine, and the drive motor 18 is put under rotational control so that the working deck 19 is held horizontally through an angle sensor which is mounted on the deck 19.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention mainly relates to H
& V shield method, for example, a shield excavator for excavating a so-called eyeglass-shaped (eyebrows-shaped) tunnel in which two circular shields are integrally connected, and more specifically, a shield excavator equipped with a working deck. It is about machines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the H & V shield construction method, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, two shield drums 3 each having a cutter head 6 mounted on the front surface thereof are independently provided in front of a main machine body 2 which is a common support cylinder. Then, a shield machine having a swinging mechanism that is swingably arranged side by side and swings the shield drums 3 in opposite directions in a tangential direction is used. And
While simultaneously excavating the two tunnels by rotating the two cutter heads 6 at the same time, each shield drum 3 is swung in a predetermined direction via the swing mechanism to generate a rotation moment, and the shield machine is operated. By turning in the vertical direction as a whole, in other words, turning the excavator around its central axis, the direction of the excavated cross-sectional shape of the two continuous circles of the tunnel can be arbitrarily changed. A shield machine having such a structure is described in JP-A-1-278696.

By the way, a shield machine used in such H & V shield construction method is generally equipped with a working deck, and on this working deck, a segment wall constructed in a rear tunnel along with tunnel excavation progresses. A perfect circle holding device is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 10, this type of work deck 5
1 is fixed (rigid contact) to a pillar (also referred to as a support frame) 53 that is fixed to the machine main body 52. Reference numeral 54 in the drawing is a perfect circle holding device, and S is a segment wall. Such a structure of the work deck is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication Sho 58-52080.
No., published in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.

[0004]

However, the conventional shield machine described above has the following disadvantages. That is, when the shield machine is turned, the work deck also turns, so a perfect circle holding device that is movably provided along the work deck or a transfer device that is provided between the work deck and the equipment behind it. Since the sludge discharge pipe, hydraulic pipe, wiring, etc. are twisted, the equipment may not be usable.

Since the work deck is inclined with the turning of the shield machine, if there is an operator or a member on the deck, the work deck may fall.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and works even if the shield machine rotates about its central axis, including a shield machine for the H & V shield method and a general shield machine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield machine that can keep the deck always horizontal.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the shield machine of the present invention comprises: a) a shield machine having a cutter head at the front end of the machine body and a working deck at the rear, b) The work deck is attached to the excavator main body so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction, and the work deck is always kept horizontal regardless of the turning operation of the excavator main body around the central axis. It is configured to be done.

As described in claim 2, c) a rotary drum is fixed to the front end of the working deck, and the rotary drum is circular with respect to a support frame fixed in the excavator main body through a bearing. While being mounted so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction, d) to rotate the working deck together with the rotating drum through the rotation transmitting means such as a drive motor and a gear mounted on the support frame relative to the excavator main body. The drive motor can be driven so that the working deck becomes horizontal via an angle detector such as an angle sensor attached to the excavator body or the working deck.

As described in claim 3, e) a frame orthogonal to the working deck is movably disposed via rails laid in the longitudinal direction of the working deck, and f) both sides of the orthogonal frame are A pair of jacks that expand and contract in the up-and-down direction are fixedly installed, and arc-shaped contact members corresponding to the segment wall that is built behind the excavator body are provided between the piston rod tips at the upper and lower ends of the jacks on both sides. G) A circular arc-shaped auxiliary contact member corresponding to the segment wall can be moved back and forth laterally through the telescopic jack on the outer surface at the longitudinal intermediate position of the main body of each jack. It is preferable to arrange them respectively.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, h) the shield machine is provided side by side with two shield drums each having a cutter head at the front end independently swingably at the front of a common cocoon machine. However, it is possible to adopt a structure in which a swinging mechanism for swinging these shield drums in the tangential direction and in the opposite direction is provided.

[0011]

According to the shield machine of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, the working deck is always held horizontally even when the shield machine turns about the central axis thereof. Therefore, for example, the pipes and the like connected between the work deck and the rear equipment are not twisted, and the operation of each equipment and each device is normally maintained.

According to the shield machine of claim 2,
When the shield machine turns around its center axis, the angle detector mounted on the body of the machine or the work deck detects it and sends a signal to the drive motor, which causes the drive motor to work. Is rotated in a given direction so that it remains horizontal. The rotation of the drive motor is transmitted to the rotating drum via the rotation transmitting means, the working deck rotates together with the rotating drum relative to the excavator body, and the working deck maintains a horizontal state.

According to the shield machine of claim 3,
As the pair of left and right jacks are extended, the upper and lower arcuate abutting members come into contact with the segment wall that is built rearward as the tunnel excavation work progresses, and a predetermined pressing force is applied to the segment wall in the radial direction. It is given to the outside. At this time, the auxiliary jack is extended and the auxiliary contact member is brought into contact with both side portions of the segment wall by applying a predetermined pressing force. As a result, the constructed segment wall is corrected and maintained in a perfect circle. When tunnel excavation work is continuously performed in this state, the shield machine advances with respect to the arcuate contact member fixed to the segment wall by a sliding action via rails on the work deck. And
After the shield machine has advanced a predetermined distance (in other words, after the arcuate contact member etc. has relatively moved to the rear end of the rail), the pair of left and right jacks and the auxiliary jack are contracted to make the arcuate contact. Since the contact member and the auxiliary contact member are separated from the segment wall, the contact member and the auxiliary contact member can be returned to the fixed position (work start position) of the work deck along the rail in this state. By repeating this operation in response to the advance of the shield machine, the arc-shaped abutment member and the auxiliary abutment member are intermittently moved forward by a constant distance along the segment wall while the segment wall is made into a perfect circle. Can be modified and retained.

According to the shield machine of claim 4,
The fact that a tunnel having a cocoon-shaped cross-sectional shape in which two circles are connected can be excavated by arbitrarily changing the direction in a spiral manner from a state of being horizontally aligned to a state of being vertically aligned is described in the above-mentioned JP-A-1-278696. However, in addition to this, when the shield machine changes its direction so as to twist in a spiral shape, that is, along the traveling direction,
Since the work deck is always held horizontally inside the excavator body, the pipes connected between the work deck and the rear equipment are not twisted, and the operation of each equipment and each device is maintained normally. Be done.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a shield machine according to an embodiment, FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 (a) is in a horizontal state, and FIG. 5 (b) is FIG. 5 (c) shows a vertical state in which it is turned 45 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shield machine 1 is
Two shields 2 each having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG.
A cocoon-shaped excavator body 2 in which a is connected by a connecting member 2c is provided. The front end portion 2 of each shield 2a of the excavator body 2
A rear end of the cylindrical shield drum 3 is connected to and supported by b via a connecting ring 4 so as to be swingable in all directions. And the frame ring 2d on the body 2 side of the excavator
Between the frame ring 3d on the side of the shield drum 3 and
The direction control hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided, and the swinging direction and swinging angle of the shield drum 3 are changed by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 5.

A cutter head 6 is rotatably supported on the front surface of the shield drum 3, and the cutter head 6 rotates via a drive motor 7 and a drive gear 7a and a ring gear 7b. Immediately behind the cutter head 7 is partitioned by a bulk head 8 to form a cutter chamber 9,
A water pipe 10 is provided above the bulkhead 8 and a sludge pipe 1 is provided below the bulkhead 8.
1 are connected to each other, and in this example, they are configured as a muddy type shield machine. A plurality of shield jacks 12 are arranged rearward on the rear end surface of the frame ring 3d on the side of the shield drum 3.

The connecting ring 4 is integrally fixed to the front end of the excavator main body 2, and vertically supporting frames 13 are fixed to both sides of the connecting ring 4 and the space between the supporting frames 13 and 13 is fixed. A pair of upper and lower support frames 14
Are fixed in parallel. A rotary drum 15 is rotatably arranged on the support frame 14 via a bracket 16 and a bearing 17. Also the rotating drum 15
The mounting plate 15a is fixed between the central portions of the
The front end of the work deck 19 is fixed to a. further,
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the inner ring 17a side of the bearing 17 is fixed to the rotary drum 15, and a ring gear 17b is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 17a. On the other hand, this ring gear 17
drive motor 18 provided with drive gear 18a meshing with b
Are attached to the support frame 14. In this example, an angle sensor (not shown) is attached to the work deck 19, and the drive motor 18 is rotationally controlled so that the angle detected by the angle sensor is always horizontal. Further, the drive motor 18 is equipped with a brake mechanism (not shown) to prevent the drive gear 18a from rotating carelessly when the drive motor 18 is stopped so that the work deck 19 is maintained in a horizontal state. It has become.

An angle detector such as an angle sensor is mounted on the excavator main body 2 side, and the excavator main body 2 is set on the basis of the horizontal state.
It is also possible to control the work deck 19 horizontally by detecting the angle at which the work deck has swung by an angle detector. Reference numeral 20 in FIG. 4A is a seal member. On the other hand, FIG.
(b) uses a ring-shaped plain metal for the bearing 17,
This is an embodiment in which the front and rear thrust rollers 21, 21 restrict the movement of the rotary drum 15 in the front and rear direction. Reference numeral 22 in the figure is a seal member, and illustration of a drive motor and the like is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 8, the work deck 19 is divided into a pair of frames at the rear portion, but the front portion has a plate shape continuous in the width direction. Rails 23 each having a predetermined length are laid in the front-rear (longitudinal) direction from the vicinity of the central portion on the work deck 19 to the rear portion.
A horizontal frame 24 orthogonal to 23 is disposed so as to be movable via a rail gripping guide 24a. On the left and right sides of the horizontal frame 24, main bodies 25b of a hydraulic expansion / contraction jack 25, in which a pair of piston rods 25a project from the upper and lower ends, are fixedly provided. An arcuate contact member 26 is provided between the lower ends and the upper ends of the left and right piston rods 25a.
These abutting members 26 correspond to the segment walls S built along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. In other words, the curvature of the arcuate outer peripheral surface of the contact member 26 is made to match that of the inner peripheral surface of the segment wall S. Although illustration is omitted, a sliding jack for returning the horizontal frame 24 from the rear position to the front position along the rail 23 is provided between the front part of the work deck 19 and the horizontal frame 24. There is. Further, an arc-shaped auxiliary contact member 27 is provided at the center of the outer surface of the left and right telescopic jack body 25a.
They are arranged so as to be able to move forward and backward through 8 respectively.
The auxiliary contact member 27 also corresponds to the segment wall S.
In this way, the perfect circle holding device 29 is constituted by the constituent members indicated by the reference numerals 23 to 28.

Besides, as shown in FIG. 1, an erector 30 is provided immediately behind the rotary drum 15.

The shield machine 1 according to this embodiment is constructed as described above. The shield machine 1 excavates a cocoon-shaped double-circle tunnel as follows, for example.

1) With the left and right shield drums 3 not tilted with respect to the machine body 2, the cutter heads 6 on both sides
Are simultaneously rotated to excavate a cocoon-shaped tunnel, and segment walls S are successively constructed behind the excavator body 2 by the erector 30.

2) With respect to the constructed segment wall S, the telescopic jacks 25 on both sides of the horizontal frame 24 located at the front end of the rail 23 are extended so as to be simultaneously expanded vertically, and the upper and lower arcuate contact members 26 are segmented. The segment wall S is brought into contact with the upper portion and the lower portion of the wall S, respectively, and a predetermined pressing force is applied thereto to correct and maintain the shape of the segment wall S into a perfect circular shape (portion). Further, the extension jack 28 is extended so that the auxiliary contact member 27
By applying a predetermined pressing force to both sides of the segment wall S, the shape of the segment wall S is corrected and maintained in a perfect circle shape (portion).

3) In the state of 2), by continuing the tunnel excavation work, the shield machine 1 advances, but since the perfect circle holding device 29 is fixed to the segment wall S, the work deck By sliding through the rail 23 and the grip guide 24a on the work deck 19,
At the same time, the shield machine 1 advances. Thus, when the perfect circle holding device 29 relatively moves to the rear end of the rail 23, the left and right telescopic jacks 25 and the upper and lower telescopic jacks 28 are respectively contracted, and the contact member 26 and the auxiliary contact member 27 are moved to the segment wall. After being separated from S, the perfect circular holding device 29 is returned to the front end of the rail 23 by contracting a sliding jack (not shown). By repeating the above operations 1) to 3), cocoon-shaped double-circle tunnels are excavated by a constant distance (for example, 1 m).

4) A shield excavator by tilting the two shield drums 3 with respect to the excavator main body 2 via the direction control hydraulic cylinders 5 in the tangential directions opposite to each other as shown by phantom lines in FIG. 1 moves forward while turning in a spiral shape, and the direction of the cocoon-shaped cross-section tunnel gradually changes from, for example, a horizontally arranged state to a vertically arranged state. However, during this time, the angle of the working deck 19 is detected by the angle sensor, and the working deck 19 is rotated and held horizontally via the drive motor 18. Further, the perfect circle holding device 29 is fixed to the segment wall S, and then relatively retracts along the rail 23 on the work deck 19 as the shield machine 1 advances. It is very short within the length of 23 (usually about 1 m), so
Only the work of 2) and 3) is performed and no special operation is required. As a result, the segment wall S constructed in each tunnel of the cocoon-shaped double circle is corrected to a perfect circle by the perfect circle holding device 29. The upper and lower abutting members 26 are held by the extension and contraction operations of the extension and contraction jacks 25 that are held vertically and extend vertically from both sides of the horizontal frame 24 on the horizontal work deck 19 regardless of the change in the orientation of each tunnel. Are intermittently abutted for each relative sliding length with respect to the rail 23. In addition, the auxiliary contact member 2 is provided via the telescopic jack 28.
7 is intermittently brought into contact with the segment wall S. Further, since the work deck 19 is always kept horizontal as described above, the pipes and wirings will not be twisted with the rear equipment (not shown).

FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an arrangement example of the in-machine mud pipes in the shield machine 1 of FIG. As shown in the figure, in this example, the water supply pipe 34 and the mud pipe 35 are drawn into the shield drum 3 along the work deck 19,
Via a rotary joint 39 and a flexible tube 40, they are communicated with the inside of the cutter chamber 9 and are connected to a water supply pipe 10 and a sludge pipe 11 which are arranged in the bulkhead 8. Also, cleaning tube 41
Is interposed between the vicinity of the connecting portion of the water supply pipe 10 and the vicinity of the connecting portion of the sludge discharge pipe 11. In this example, the flexible tube 40 is used for the work deck 19 in the horizontal state.
This is because the maximum rotation angle of the shield drum 3 with respect to is 90 °, and such a twist can be sufficiently absorbed by the flexible tube 40.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the shield machine according to the present invention.
As shown in the figure, in this example, the front end of the hoist frame 32 extending to the shield machine 1 side through the upper surface of the rear carriage 31 is attached to the lower part of the mounting plate 15a of the rotary drum 15 for mounting the working deck 19. It is fixed to the work deck 19 and is kept horizontal with the work deck 19. A hoist 33 for carrying in a segment is suspended along the hoist frame 32 so as to be able to travel. A water supply pipe 34 and a sludge discharge pipe 35 are drawn from the upper surface of the rear carriage 31, and an electric wiring 36 and a hydraulic pipe hose 37 are drawn into the excavator body 2 through the hoist frame 32. Reference numeral 38 is a rail of the rear carriage 31. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
(b) shows a state of turning by 45 °, and each figure (c) shows a vertical state.

Since the other structures are common to those of the first embodiment, the common members are designated by the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted. In the case of this example,
Since not only the work deck 19 but also the hoist frame 32 are maintained horizontally, there is an advantage that the segment can be carried in horizontally by the hoist 33 to the vicinity of the erector 30, and the electric wiring 36 and the hydraulic piping hose 37 are not twisted. However, the excavation operation is common to the first embodiment.

Although the embodiments of the shield machine of the present invention have been described above, the shield machine of the present invention can be implemented as follows.

In addition to the shield excavator capable of spiral turning used in the H & V method, the present invention can be similarly applied to a general single-body type shield excavator. That is, although illustration is omitted, in the case of a shield machine having a structure in which the cutter head 6 is attached directly to the front surface of the machine body having a circular cross section (without the shield drum 3 interposed), the shield machine is the center. When turning around an axis, conventionally, the posture was controlled to once return to the original horizontal state and then the excavation work was restarted, but by applying the present invention,
It becomes possible to continue excavation work without particularly returning the posture of the shield machine.

The drive motor 18 is connected to the work deck 19 via a sprocket and a chain (not shown), and the work deck 19 can be rotated so as to be horizontal.

The work deck 19 is arranged so as to be freely rotatable with respect to the support frames 13 and 14 of the excavator main body 2 via bearings and the like, and a weight is attached to the work deck 19 so that the work deck 19 is always maintained horizontally. To do so. if you can,
A mechanism capable of connecting the work deck 19 to the support frames 13 and 14 is provided, and by appropriately connecting both, it is possible to prevent the work deck 19 from inadvertently swinging. This eliminates the need for a drive device such as the drive motor 7 and an angle detector such as an angle sensor, thus simplifying the structure.

The shield machine 1 is not limited to the muddy type, but may be, for example, a pressurized mud type.

The same can be applied to a shield machine without the perfect circle holding device 29 or the erector 30.

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description,
The shield machine of the present invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) Including a shield excavator for the H & V shield construction method and a general shield excavator, the work deck can always be held horizontally even if the shield excavator turns about its central axis. The pipes and the like connected between the work deck and the rear equipment are not twisted, the operation of each equipment and each device is normally maintained, and the excavation work is stably performed.

(2) In the shield machine according to claim 2,
The angle detector detects the angle at which the shield machine turns from the standard (horizontal) posture, and the drive motor rotates the working deck to keep it horizontal, so that the working deck can be reliably kept horizontal.

(3) In the shield machine according to claim 3,
Also in the H & V method, the segment wall can be corrected to a perfect circle and held by a perfect circle holding device with a simple operation.

(4) In the shield machine according to claim 4,
You can excavate a tunnel with a cocoon-shaped cross section of two consecutive circles by changing the direction in a spiral manner from a state of horizontal arrangement to a state of vertical arrangement, and work inside the excavator body during this work Since the deck is always held horizontally, the pipes connected between the work deck and the rear equipment will not be twisted, the operation of each equipment and each device will be maintained normally, and the excavation work will be efficient. Carried out.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an arrangement example of in-machine mud pipes in the shield machine 1 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of a (rotatably) mounting portion of a work deck in the shield machine of FIG.
The figure (a) shows an example of an attachment part, and the figure (b) shows another example of an attachment part.

5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow AA in FIG. 1, where FIG. 5 (a) shows a horizontal state, FIG. 5 (b) shows a state rotated by 45 °, and FIG. 5 (c) shows a vertical state. There is.

6 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3, where FIG. 6 (a) shows a horizontal state, FIG. 6 (b) shows a state of turning by 45 °, and FIG.
Represents the vertical state.

7 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 3, where FIG. 7 (a) shows a horizontal state, FIG. 7 (b) shows a state of being rotated by 45 °, and FIG.
Represents the vertical state.

8 is a sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 1, in which the left half shows a state in which the telescopic jack of the perfect circle holding device is contracted, and the right half shows the state in which the telescopic jack is extended.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view seen from the front showing an example of a shield machine for the H & V method.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a general mounting structure of a conventional work deck in a shield machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 shield machine 2 machine body 3 shield drum 6 cutter head 7 drive motor 13 ・ 14 support frame 15 rotating drum 15a mounting plate 17 bearing 18 drive motor 19 work deck 23 rail 24 horizontal frame 25 ・ 28 telescopic jack 26 ・ 27 Contact member 29 Perfect circle holding device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head at the front end of the excavator body,
In a shield machine having a working deck at each of the rear portions, the working deck is mounted so as to be rotatable in a circumferential direction with respect to the body of the machine, and the body of the machine has a swinging motion about a central axis. Despite this, the shield machine is characterized in that the working deck is always held horizontally. 2. A rotary drum is fixed to the front end of the work deck, and the rotary drum is attached to a support frame fixed in the excavator main body through a bearing so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. The work deck is rotated relative to the excavator main body together with the rotary drum via a rotation transmission means such as a drive motor and a gear attached to the support frame, and the excavator main body or the work deck is The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the drive motor is driven via an angle detector such as an attached angle sensor so that the work deck becomes horizontal. 3. A frame orthogonal to the work deck,
Arranged movably via rails laid in the longitudinal direction of the work deck, a pair of jacks that expand and contract in opposite directions in the vertical direction are fixedly installed on both sides of the orthogonal frame, and are constructed behind the excavator body. The arc-shaped abutment member corresponding to the segment wall is installed so as to straddle between the tip ends of the piston rods at the upper and lower ends of the jacks on both sides, and on the outer surface at the longitudinal intermediate position of the main body of each jack. 3. The shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein arcuate auxiliary contact members corresponding to the segment walls are arranged so as to be capable of advancing and retracting laterally via expansion and contraction jacks. 4. The shield machine is provided with two shield drums each having a cutter head at the front end independently swingably arranged side by side on the front part of a common cocoon machine body, and the shield drums are mutually connected. The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has a structure in which a swinging mechanism for swinging in a tangential direction in the opposite direction is provided.