JPH08187007A - Agricultural working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an agricultural working machine capable of easily and surely linking a working machine to a tractor, both of which have different linking positions to each other, in front of it or at the back of it in a posture which they are actually taking during work, enabling the efficient performance of agricultural work by a working machine which holds the suitable ground angle, tilling depth, etc., and having excellent workability and economics. CONSTITUTION: A hitch 13 placed in front of a crawler-type riding tractor 2 is lifted up by a hydraulic cylinder 11 to the height of a linking member 15 of a working machine 3 provided with a digging apparatus. The linking member 15 fitted on the working machine 3 is attached to the hitch 13 of the tractor 2, and they are linked to each other with a fitting pin of the hitch 13 inserted into a fitting hole of the linking member 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is used for harvesting crops such as root vegetables and small crops (referred to as crops in this specification), harvesting work machines, fertilizer spraying work, and seed sowing work such as seed potatoes. Fertilizer / seeding work machine used in the case, work machine such as plow and halo used in the case of plowing and leveling, work machine such as weeding work machine for weeding work (collectively referred to as work machine in this specification ) Is connected to the front or rear of the tractor to perform farm work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional agricultural working machine is a working machine which is connected to the front or rear of a tractor, and is provided with a digging blade at the front of the conveyor, and the root vegetables dug by the digging blade are conveyed to the conveyor behind the digging blade. A harvester working machine that is structured to be transported to the ground with a seed drop chute with an opening in the center is installed at the top, a hollow cylinder is attached to the opening of the chute, and the chute and the cylinder are A seeding work machine with a structure in which a disk is installed behind the same cylinder to drop the seeds through the ground to the ground and rotate the dropped seeds into the ground, as well as granular, sandy, or powdery fertilizers. A fertilizer application machine equipped with a storage box for storing and discharging a proper amount to the ground, and a drive shaft equipped with a pair of coaxial disks or spiral blades for rotating disks for plowing. Coaxially mount multiple plows or discs that crush the soil mass while rotating. Ri attached was there tillage, soil preparation for a working machine such as a halo of structure.

Each working machine is provided with a connecting portion having a fitting hole in the vertical direction, and the working machine is fitted to both projecting portions of a U-shaped connecting piece fixed to the front or rear of the tractor. There are a walking type tractor having a hitch having a structure in which a fitting rod to be inserted into a hole is removably inserted, and a riding type tractor hitch called a three-point hitch or a two-point hitch. The hitch portion is detachably connected to the connecting portion of the working machine to form an agricultural working machine. However, the height position of the hitch part of a walk-behind tractor often differs depending on the model of the tractor, and since the hitch part is fixed to the walk-behind tractor, the work machine connected to the tractor is often inclined. , I had to make adjustments with the adjustment unit on the work machine. The riding type tractor has a hitch that uses a hydraulic link mechanism with a hydraulic cylinder with a three-point hitch or a two-point hitch, but in either case, if the working depth is changed, the angle of the digging blade of the harvester (digger) and the conveyor Since the angle changes, it was difficult to find the work angle (work posture) at the best ground angle. If the work machine is a harvester work machine, adjust the angle of the digging blade and the distance between the conveyor and the digging blade, and if it is a sowing work machine, adjust the ground angle between the chute and the cylinder, for fertilizer application. If it is a working machine, it is necessary to adjust the ground angle of the harvest box, and if it is a working machine for cultivating and leveling plows, haloes, etc., the angle and position of the drive shaft with disks and spiral blades must be adjusted. It was For example, the excavator 1 described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-57927, which is a working machine, is fixed to the mounting portion 26 which is the hitch portion of the tractor, and the excavator 1
The handle 23 provided at the position is rotated to advance or retract the angle adjusting rod 20 supported by the support 21 to rotate the machine frame 14 integrally connecting the conveyor 12 and the excavating blade 10 to rotate the excavating blade 10 and the conveyor. I was adjusting the ground angle with 12. For this reason, not only is the above adjustment time-consuming, but the ground angle of the digging blade, conveyor, chute, cylinder, storage box, and disc is incorrect due to the above adjustment, and the digging blade cuts root vegetables and harvests. Rooted vegetables rolled on the conveyor damage the rooted vegetables, the resistance on the digging blade and the disk changes, resulting in poor fuel economy and slow running of agricultural machines. It was bad. Since the position of the hitch changes with each model, it was troublesome to adjust it. Further, since the adjusting section is provided almost on the working machine side as disclosed in the excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-57927, the structure of the working machine is complicated.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these problems in the prior art, and to put the work machine and the tractor in different connecting positions in a posture in which they are originally used. To provide an agricultural work machine that can be easily and surely connected to the front or rear of the farm, efficiently perform agricultural work with this working machine that maintains an appropriate ground angle and plowing depth, and that has excellent workability and economic efficiency. is there.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above problems is as follows: 1) In a farm work machine for detachably connecting a work machine to the rear or front of a tractor for agricultural work, the height of the connecting portion is Agricultural work machine characterized by being adjustable 2) With a structure in which the connecting part is detachably connected to a hitch whose upper and lower positions can be changed by height adjusting means on the tractor side and which is fixed to the working machine side. 1) The agricultural work machine described in 1) above 3) The structure in which the connecting portion is connected to a hitch fixed to the tractor and a working machine-side connector whose vertical position can be changed by height adjusting means on the work machine side. 4) The agricultural work machine according to 2), wherein the height adjusting means moves the hitch up and down with a hydraulic cylinder. 5) The agricultural work machine according to 3), wherein the height adjusting means moves the coupling tool up and down with a hydraulic cylinder. 6) The height adjusting means is configured such that a screw shaft is screwed into a hitch that is slidable in the vertical direction by a guide, and the hitch is moved up and down by turning the screw shaft. 7) Height adjustment The means is the agricultural working machine according to the above 3), in which a screw shaft is screwed to a vertically slidable connecting tool by a guide, and the connecting tool is moved up and down by rotation of the screw shaft. There are two types of tractors, an internal combustion engine and an electric power source, and a riding type tractor equipped with a driving unit that is operated and operated by a worker, and a walking type tractor that is operated by a worker on foot. There are a wheel type, a crawler type, or a mixed type of the traveling unit with the walking type tractor.

[0006]

In the present invention, since the height of the connecting portion between the tractor and the working machine is adjustable, the connecting portions between the tractor and the working machine are connected at the same height so that the working machine can be used in a posture that is originally used. It can be connected in a state, and agricultural work can be performed using a working machine in which the ground angle and the working depth are properly set. To adjust the height of this connecting part, the hitch on the tractor side is moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder to the height of the connecting tool on the working machine side, or the screw shaft screwed into the hitch is manually or mechanically turned to move the hitch. By vertically moving along the guide and adjusting the connecting portion between the working machine and the tractor to have the same height, the working machine can be connected to the tractor in the posture in which it is originally used. Also, to adjust the height of the connecting part, the connecting tool on the working machine side can be moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder to the height of the hitch on the tractor side, or the screw shaft screwed to the connecting tool can be turned manually or mechanically. By vertically moving the connecting tool along the guide and adjusting the connecting portion between the tractor and the working machine at the same height, the working machine can be connected to the tractor in the posture in which it is originally used.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is an example in which a digging machine of a working machine is detachably connected to a hitch that is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder provided in front of a crawler type riding type tractor. In the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the seeding work machine of the work machine is detachably attached to the hitch that is lifted and lowered by a height adjusting mechanism that is a combination of a gear and a screw shaft provided at the rear of the walk-type tractor. This is an example of connection. Example 3 shown in FIGS.
Is an example in which a hitch fixed to the rear of a walk-behind tractor is connected to a connector of a working machine for sowing that is moved up and down by a height adjusting mechanism that is a combination of a gear and a screw shaft.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the first embodiment, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a connecting portion in the first embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a front view showing the second embodiment. 5 shows the second embodiment.
6 is an enlarged view showing a connecting part in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a connecting part in the third embodiment.

Example 1 (see FIGS. 1 to 3) In FIGS. 1 to 3, 1 is an agricultural working machine, 2 is a crawler type riding tractor, 3 is a working machine using a working machine for a mining machine, Four
Is a connecting portion between the tractor 2 and the work implement 3, 5 is a support tool that projects at the tip of the tractor 2 and supports a pair of conveyor frames 9, and 6 is a bar member 7 equally spaced between endless strips 8 arranged in parallel. An endless conveyor in which a gap is provided between bar members 7 that are opened and suspended in parallel, 7 is a bar member that forms the endless conveyor 6, 8 is an endless belt member that forms the endless conveyor 6, 9 is a conveyor frame, and 10 is an excavating blade , 11 is a hydraulic cylinder for moving the hitch 13 of the tractor 2 up and down, 12 is a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 11 having a connector 17 having the hitch 13 attached to the tip thereof, 13 is a hitch, and 14 is provided in the hitch 13 so as to be freely inserted and removed. Fitting pin, 15 is a working machine 3 that is connected to the hitch 13
Connection tool provided on the side, 16 is a fitting hole provided in the connection tool 15, 17 is a connection tool attached to the tip of the rod 12, 1
8 is a machine body, 19 is a crawler main body, 20 is a working seat also serving as a driver's seat, 21 is a control part, 22 is a collection box for collecting potatoes 30, 23 is an engine, 24 is a speed change mechanism, 25 is a drive device, 26 is a V belt, 29 is a traveling mission, 30
Is a potato, which is a crop, and 31 is a worker. Example 1
Then, the operator 31 operates the control lever of the control unit 21 to vertically install the hydraulic cylinder 1 installed on both side surfaces of the tractor 2.
1 is moved up and down, the hitch 13 provided at the tip of the rod 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is adjusted to the height of the connector 15 of the working machine 3 arranged in an appropriately inclined state, and the connector 15 is inserted into the hitch 13. The insertable and detachable fitting pin 14 provided on the hitch 13 is inserted into the fitting hole 16 of the connector 15 to be connected, and the connection between the tractor 2 and the working machine 3 is completed. Further, the conveyor frame 9 ahead of the endless conveyor 6 of the working machine 3 can be surely kept inclined by attaching the support tool 5 provided at the tip of the tractor. In this way, since the working machine 3 was able to be connected to the tractor 2 in the posture in which it was originally used, the ground angle and the working depth of the digging blade 10 were kept in an appropriate state, and the work of the working seat 20 was performed. The person 31 operates the control lever of the control unit 21 to operate the crawler main body 19 and drives the endless conveyor 6 to cause the agricultural work machine 1 to travel along the ridges of the field. The potato potatoes 30 in the inside are dug out and taken into the endless conveyor 6 behind the digging blade 10 together with the soil, and the soil falls from the gap between the bar members 7 of the endless conveyor 6, leaving only the potatoes 30 behind the endless conveyor 6. Collection box 22 placed in
Collect along the endless conveyor 6. Since the working machine 3 is connected to the tractor 2 in a size as designed, the excavating blade 10 has a deep ground angle, a large amount of soil is excavated, the resistance of the soil is greatly received, and the fuel efficiency of the agricultural work machine 1 is deteriorated. It is shallow and the digging blade 10 no longer cuts the potato 30.

Example 2 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) In FIGS. 4 to 7, 33 is an agricultural work machine, 34 is a walk-type tractor, 35 is a work machine using a sowing work machine, 36 is a lifting mechanism, and 37 Is a hitch, 38 is a U-shaped frame plate, 39 is a connecting tool that moves up and down along a pair of guide rods 40 in the frame plate 38 by rotation of a screw shaft 42, 40 is a guide rod, and 41 is a connecting device 1.
5, a fitting pin that fits in the fitting hole 16 of 5 to connect the hitch 37 and the connector 15, 42 is a screw shaft screwed into the connector 39, and 43 is a driven umbrella provided at the tip of the screw shaft 42. Gears, 4
Reference numeral 4 is a box plate accommodating the driven bevel gear 43 and the driving bevel gear 48, and 45 is a rotation shaft in which the box plate 44 is horizontally rotatably provided by a bearing 47 and one end is bent to form a rotation lever 46. , 46 is a rotary lever of the rotary shaft 45, 47 is a bearing, 48 is a driving bevel gear attached to the rotary shaft 45 and meshed with the driven bevel gear 43, 50 is a seed potato, and 51 is placed by the operator 31 by hand. A belt conveyor that conveys the potatoes 30 that have been cut into the hopper 52, 52 is a hopper, and 53 is a plurality of bar members that are arranged in parallel and that move the potatoes 30 that have dropped into the hopper 52 into the chute cylinder 54. The rotary potato transfer board suspended at equal intervals, 54 is a chute tube for guiding the potato 30 moved from the rotary potato transfer board 53 to the ground, 55 is the potato potato 30 dropped on the ground to cover the soil Cover It is a disk.

The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is an example in which a hitch 37 that can be raised and lowered by an elevating mechanism 36 is provided on the side of the walking tractor 34. The elevating mechanism 36 is U-shaped as shown in FIG. Two guide rods 40 are provided upright between the upper and lower projecting portions of the frame plate 38, and the guide rods 40 are penetrated, and the connector 39 is slidable in the vertical direction along the guide rods 40.
The hitch 37 is fixed to the screw shaft 42, and the screw shaft 42 provided with the driven bevel gear 43 at the tip is screwed only into the connector 39 so as to penetrate between the upper and lower protrusions of the frame plate 38 between the two guide rods 40. , A box plate 44 provided on the upper surface of the frame plate 38 horizontally penetrates a rotary shaft 45 having a rotary lever 46 at one end, and the bearing 4
7, and a driving bevel gear 48 that meshes with the driven bevel gear 43 is integrally provided on the rotation shaft 45. The frame plate 38 of this elevating mechanism 36 is fixed to the rear of the walk-type tractor 34, and up to the height of the connector 15 which is fixed and provided ahead of the working machine 35 using the seeding working machine,
The operator 31 turns the turning lever 46 by hand to drive the bevel gear 48.
And the driven bevel gear 43, the screw shaft 42 is rotated, and the connector 39 in which the screw shaft 42 is screwed is moved up and down along the guide rod 40 together with the hitch 37, and the working machine for seeding is used. According to the height of the connector 15 fixed to the tip of the work implement 35, the connector 15 is fitted into the U-shaped hitch 37,
The fitting pin 41 of the hitch 37 is inserted into the fitting hole 16 of the connector 15 to complete the connection. As a result, the working machine 35, which is connected to the tractor 34 without tilting, smoothly conveys the seed potato 50 into the hopper 52 by the belt conveyor 51 without being caught, and transfers the rotary seed potatoes provided at the opening of the hopper 52. The board 53 can reliably feed the seed potato 50 into the chute cylinder 54 and drop the seed potato 50 on the ground along the chute cylinder 54, and cover the soil with the soil cover disk 55 behind the chute cylinder 54 and sow the seed potato 50. Work can be done smoothly. The rotation of the screw shaft is not limited to providing the driven bevel gear with the driven bevel gear and engaging the driven bevel gear with the driven bevel gear provided on the rotating shaft that is rotated by the rotating lever with one end of the screw shaft. Alternatively, a rotary lever may be directly provided to rotate the screw shaft by hand, or the screw shaft may be rotated by using a driving force of a motor or the like. Example 3 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) In FIGS. 6 and 7, 57 is an agricultural work machine, and 58 is an elevating mechanism. In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the same working machine 35 as that of the second embodiment is used.
7 is an example in which a vertically movable coupling tool 15 is provided by an elevating mechanism 58. The elevating mechanism 58 has two guide bars 40 between upper and lower protruding portions of a U-shaped frame plate 38 as shown in FIG.
Is installed upright, and the guide rod 40 is penetrated so that the guide rod 40
A screw shaft 4 having a connector 39 fixed to a connector 39 which is slidable in the vertical direction along the shaft and provided with a driven bevel gear 43 at its tip.
2 is screwed only on the connection tool 39 so as to penetrate between the upper and lower protruding portions of the frame plate 38 between the two guide rods 40, and further the frame plate 3
8, a box plate 44 provided on the upper surface is provided with a rotary shaft 45, one end of which is a rotary lever 46, horizontally and supported by bearings 47 so as to be rotatable.
3 is a structure in which a driving bevel gear 48 that meshes with the gear 3 is integrally provided. The hitch 3 is provided by fixing the frame plate 38 of the elevating mechanism 58 to the tip of the working machine 35 and fixing it to the rear of the tractor 34.
7, the operator 31 manually turns the turning lever 46 to move the screw shaft 42 through the driving bevel gear 48 and the driven bevel gear 43.
Is rotated to vertically move the connector 39 screwed with the screw shaft 42 along the guide rod 40 together with the connector 15.
According to the height of the hitch 37 fixed to the rear of the tractor 34, the connector 15 is fitted into the U-shaped hitch 37, and the fitting pin 41 of the hitch 37 is inserted into the fitting hole 16 of the connector 15 to complete the connection. As a result, the working machine can be connected to the tractor 34 without tilting as in the second embodiment. Other symbols, configurations, and effects are the same as those in the second embodiment.

[0012]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the height of the connecting portion between the tractor and the working machine can be adjusted, the connecting portion of the tractor and the working machine can be adjusted to the same height. It can be connected, and the work machine can be easily and surely connected to the tractor in the proper posture in which it is originally used, and efficient agricultural work can be performed even with a work machine in which the ground angle and the working depth are properly maintained. It became an agricultural work machine with excellent workability and economy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a connecting portion in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a connecting portion in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a connecting portion in the third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Farm Work Machine 2 Tractor 3 Work Machine 4 Connection Part 5 Support Tool 6 Endless Conveyor 7 Bar Material 8 Endless Band 9 Conveyor Frame 10 Excavator Blade 11 Hydraulic Cylinder 12 Rod 13 Hitch 14 Fitting Pin 15 Connector 16 Fitting Hole 17 Connection Tool 18 Aircraft 19 Crawler body 20 Working seat 21 Control part 22 Collection box 23 Engine 24 Transmission mechanism 25 Drive device 26 V-belt 27 Missing number 28 Missing number 29 Traveling mission 30 Potato 31 Worker 32 Missing number 33 Agricultural work machine 34 Tractor 35 Working machine 36 Lifting Mechanism 37 Hitch 38 Frame plate 39 Connector 40 Guide rod 41 Fitting pin 42 Screw shaft 43 Driven bevel gear 44 Box plate 45 Rotating shaft 46 Rotating lever 47 Bearing 48 Driving bevel gear 49 Missing number 50 Type potato 51 Belt conveyor 52 Hopper 53 Rotary Potato transfer disc 54 chute tube 55 covered with soil disc 56 missing number 57 agricultural machine 58 lifting mechanism

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An agricultural work machine for performing agricultural work by detachably connecting a work machine to the rear or front of a tractor,
An agricultural working machine characterized in that the height of the connecting portion is adjustable. 2. The agricultural working machine according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion is configured such that a connecting tool fixed to the working machine side is detachably connected to a hitch whose vertical position can be changed by height adjusting means on the tractor side. 3. The agricultural work machine according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion has a structure in which a hitch fixed to the tractor side is connected to a connecting tool on the working machine side whose vertical position can be changed by height adjusting means on the working machine side. . 4. The agricultural working machine according to claim 2, wherein the height adjusting means moves the hitch up and down with a hydraulic cylinder. 5. The agricultural working machine according to claim 3, wherein the height adjusting means moves the connecting tool up and down with a hydraulic cylinder. 6. The agricultural work according to claim 2, wherein the height adjusting means has a structure in which a screw shaft is screwed into a hitch slidable in a vertical direction by a guide, and the hitch is moved up and down by rotation of the screw shaft. Machine. 7. The height adjusting means has a structure in which a screw shaft is screwed into a vertically slidable connector by a guide, and the connector is moved up and down by rotation of the screw shaft. Farm work machine.