JPH08183958A - Air-sucking method for coal charged in coke furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method of forming the path for surely extracting the steam occurring in the coal layers charged in the coke oven and an installation therefor. CONSTITUTION: In the coal layer 2 charged in the carbonization chamber 1, an air-extraction hole 13 is bored in a specific depth and the inside of the bored hole 13 is filled with choke to prepare the coke layer hole 3 and the steam occurring from the coal layer 2 is extracted up to the upper space of the carbonization chamber 1. The installation for this purpose comprises a hole-drilling mechanism A which drills a hole through the coal-charging opening 12 on the coal layer 2 in the carbonization chamber 1 in the specific depth, a coke- charging mechanism B for filling the air-extracting hole 13 with coke and the horizontally movable supporting-cart mechanism for supporting the hole-drilling mechanism A and the coke-charging mechanism B and positioning them in turns to the coal-charging opening 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for extracting steam generated during the production of coke by charging coal containing water into a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven and carbonizing the coal. It relates to a device for extracting it.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Coal charged in a carbonization chamber of a coke oven (hereinafter referred to as "charging coal") has its air shut off, is heated by the heat transferred from the combustion chambers on both sides, and is carbonized by coke. −
It is made into a cousin. As described above, when coal is dry-distilled in a coke oven to produce coke, when the coal containing water is heated in the carbonization chamber, the attached water evaporates up to 100 ° C. and the water of crystallization is 100 to 100 ° C. It is released over 300 ° C. Then, it melts and softens at 400 to 500 ° C, and becomes coke at about 1000 ° C. In the production of coke in a chamber furnace type coke oven, the charging coal is indirectly heated from the combustion chambers on both sides of the carbonization chamber through the carbonization chamber walls. Therefore, the temperature distribution of the charging coal in the carbonization chamber has a pattern in which the temperature drops from the peripheral wall of the carbonization chamber toward the inside. In the charging coal having such a temperature distribution pattern, a melting and softening zone is formed on the peripheral wall portion of the carbonization chamber after charging, and gradually progresses toward the center with the lapse of operating time. At this time, the steam generated from the charging coal in the area surrounded by the melt-softening zone loses its escape and is trapped inside. In such a case, the carbonization rate in the carbonization chamber becomes non-uniform, and the quality variation of coke becomes large. Furthermore, the amount of heat required for carbonization of coke increases.

Conventionally, in the operation of a chamber furnace type coke furnace, while improving the carbonization rate and extending the life of the furnace body,
Moreover, homogenization of coke quality is required. However, it is difficult to achieve both the improvement of the carbonization rate and the life extension of the furnace body. That is, if the charged coal is used after being preheated and dried in advance, the carbonization rate can be improved, the coking property can be improved, and the heat quantity required for carbonization can be reduced. However, in such a charging coal method, since the charging bulk density in the furnace is increased, a large expansion pressure is applied to the furnace wall during carbonization,
It may damage the furnace wall. In addition, a huge capital investment is required for the construction and operation of the preheating and drying equipment for charging coal.

On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-271660, after charging the charging coal into the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, water vapor generated therefrom is rapidly extracted into the upper space of the carbonization chamber through an extraction hole. And, a method and an apparatus for surely forming the same are disclosed (hereinafter, referred to as prior art).

FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view showing a main part of an apparatus for forming the extraction hole disclosed in the prior art. In the figure, 2 is a coal bed charged, 13 is a bleeding hole, 17 is a leveler for leveling the upper surface of the charged coal, 18 is an opening member, and 19 is a guide roller for guiding the opening member 18.
Reference numeral 20 is a conical member, and 21 is a leaf spring. The gist of the prior art is a method of opening a bleed hole 13 communicating with the upper space of the carbonization chamber in the charging layer from the upper surface of the charging coal 2 containing water charged in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. In the vicinity of the tip arranged in the center of the leveler 17 in the width direction, a hole 18 formed of a leaf spring 21 having a conical member 20 connected to the tip is movably attached to a guide roll 19 curved downward. After the leveling of the upper surface of the charging coal 2 is completed, the leveler 17 is retracted to a predetermined position, the hole member 18 is moved back and forth into the charging coal 2, and the extraction holes 13 are sequentially opened. is there.

[0006]

According to the above-mentioned prior art, it is possible to once form the extraction holes having the desired diameter and depth from the upper surface of the charging coal. However, in the prior art,
In order to open the extraction hole from the upper part of the charging coal layer, the charging coal having fluidity flows from around the extraction hole thus formed, and the extraction hole is closed by the charging coal. That is, the desired extraction hole for extracting the steam generated from the charging coal cannot be stably held. Therefore, the steam generated from the charging coal inside the melting and softening zone formed in the carbonization chamber is not sufficiently extracted.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to extract the steam generated in the coal bed charged in the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace type coke furnace, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for forming a bleed passage that connects a charging coal layer and a space above a carbonization chamber that can be stably held.

[0008]

The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and the summary thereof is as follows. The steam extraction method of coke furnace charging coal according to the present invention, after charging coal into the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace type coke furnace, on top of the coal bed in the carbonization chamber where the coal is charged. , Opening a bleeding hole of a predetermined depth from the coal layer upper surface, then forming a coke layer hole in the upper portion of the coal layer by filling the inside of the bleeding hole with coke, It is characterized in that steam generated from the coal carbonized in the carbonization chamber is extracted into the upper space of the carbonization chamber through the coke layer holes.

Further, according to the present invention, the extraction apparatus for charging the coke in the coke oven is installed at the upper part of the coal layer in the coke chamber through the carburizing port provided in the upper part of the coke chamber of the chamber furnace type coke furnace. An opening mechanism for opening a bleeding hole of a predetermined depth from the coal layer upper surface, and a coke charging mechanism for filling coke in the bleeding hole opened by the opening mechanism, It is characterized by comprising a supporting carriage mechanism arranged above the carbonization chamber for supporting the opening mechanism and the coke charging mechanism so as to be horizontally movable and sequentially positioning them toward the coal charging port. It is a thing.

[0010]

In the steam bleeding method for charging coal in a coke oven according to the present invention, after coal is charged in the carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke oven, the coal is placed on the upper part of the coal bed from the upper surface of the coal bed. A bleed hole with a predetermined depth is opened, and then a coil is placed inside the bleed hole.
Fill the box. Here, it is preferable that the depth of the bleed hole is approximately 1/2 or more of the width of the carbonization chamber, and it is empirically found that the position (depth) of the upper melting zone does not proceed further than this. Because it is known. The porosity of the coke layer hole thus formed is usually about 45 to 55 vol%, and a gap passage is formed through the coke layer hole from the lower end surface to the upper end surface thereof. Further, the coke layer has sufficient coke strength to hold the coke layer holes until steam generation from the coal inside the melt-softening zone is completed. Therefore, the steam generated from the coal inside the melting and softening zone is completely extracted into the upper space of the carbonization chamber through the gap passage formed inside the coke layer hole.

When the bleeding holes are opened by a predetermined opening mechanism, it is convenient to carry out through the coal charging port (hereinafter referred to as a coal charging port) to the carbonization chamber. The number of coal charging ports is
In the case of a chamber furnace type coke oven, since 4 to 5 are usually provided in each carbonization chamber, the number of extraction holes to be opened is 4 to 5 in each carbonization chamber. The method is convenient. However, the number of extraction holes is not limited to this.

Further, the extraction apparatus for charging coal in the coke oven of the present invention comprises an opening mechanism for opening an extraction hole having a predetermined depth from the upper surface of the coal layer in the upper part of the coal layer in the carbonization chamber, A coke charging mechanism for charging coke into the bleed hole that has been opened, and to support these opening mechanism and coke charging mechanism so that both of them are sequentially positioned toward the coal charging port. And a supporting carriage mechanism that is horizontally movable. Since the device of the present invention is configured in this manner, the opening mechanism is horizontally moved and positioned above the coal charging port by the support carriage mechanism. Then, the perforator of the perforation mechanism descends to enter the carbonization chamber through the coal charging port, open a hole in the upper part of the coal bed, and form an extraction hole with a predetermined depth. The opening mechanism is retracted from above the coal charging port by the support cart mechanism. Next, the coke charging mechanism is horizontally moved to and positioned above the coal charging port by the supporting carriage mechanism.

Then, the charging shut of the coke charging mechanism descends to the inside of the coal charging port, and the coke can be charged and charged into the extraction hole. Next, the coke charging mechanism is retracted from above the coal charging port by the support cart mechanism.
In this way, coke layer holes that are continuous from the upper end surface of the coal layer to the inside of the melt softening zone can be formed. On the other hand, in the coke layer hole, as described above, a clearance passage that penetrates from the lower end surface to the upper end surface is formed, and in this clearance passage, steam generation from inside the charging coal is completed and bleeding is completed. Held up. In this way, by using the apparatus of the present invention, the coke layer hole capable of completely extracting steam generated from coal heated inside the melting and softening zone into the upper space of the carbonization chamber is provided. Can be formed in the coal bed.

[0014]

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an extraction apparatus for charging coke in a coke oven according to the present invention. In the figure,
Reference numeral 4 denotes an open hole drill, which is provided with an extraction hole 13 at the upper part of the coal seam 2.
5 is a motor for rotating the hole drill 4, and 6 is an elevating cylinder for supporting the hole drill 4 and the motor 5. The hole opening mechanism A is composed of the hole drill 4, the motor 5 and the lifting cylinder 6 as described above. Reference numeral 7 is a coke charging shoe, 8 is a cylinder for moving the coke charging shoe 7 up and down, and 9 is a hopper for storing and cutting the coke 14, which is a coke.
The box feeding mechanism B includes a loading shoe 7, a cylinder 8 and a coke hopper 9.

Coke cut out from the coke hopper-9
The amount of coke is controlled by measuring the amount of coke cut out by opening and closing the gate attached to the lower end of the coke hopper 9 with a load cell attached to the coke hopper 9, and then measuring the predetermined amount. Adjust so that

Reference numeral 10 denotes an extraction trolley, which is located above the carbonization chamber 1 and is for supporting and fixing the opening mechanism A and the coke charging mechanism B and horizontally moving them. Reference numeral 11 denotes a cylinder, which is for moving the extraction vehicle 10 (see FIG. 2) in the horizontal direction, and is fixed to the coal charging vehicle 15. In addition, 1 is a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, 2 is a coal bed (charging bed), and 3 is a coke layer hole.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a support / traction mechanism of the extraction truck. As shown in FIG.
Is connected to the tip of a cylinder 11 for moving the extraction trolley fixed to the coal car 15 and has the same rail as the coal car 15.
It is designed to run on the roof 22. Rail 22
It is laid on the upper part of the coke oven 16, and the coal car 15 is for charging the charged coal into the carbonization chamber, and has a drive mechanism (not shown) and can travel by itself. By the extraction truck 15, the carriage moving cylinder-11 and the rail 22,
A support cart mechanism C is configured.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, description will be made with reference to FIG. Charging port 12
After loading a predetermined amount of coal into the carbonization chamber 1 and leveling the loaded coal, the truck 10 is immediately advanced by the operation of the cylinder 11 toward above the coal feeding port 12, and the truck 10 is moved. The hole drill 4 arranged at the position of the coal charging port 12, and then the hole drill 4 is swung by the motor 5 while being lowered by the cylinder 6.
The coal layer 2 was inserted through the coal charging port 12 and the extraction hole 13 was opened. The depth of the extraction hole 13 was set such that the tip 4b of the blade 4a of the open hole drill 4 was 300 mm. Bleed hole 13
The diameter was about the same as the diameter (200 mm) of the drill blade used, and was about 200 mm. After the bleed hole 13 is opened, the hole drill 4 is raised, and the trolley 10 is moved backward by the operation of the cylinder-11 to set the hole opening mechanism A to the coal charging port 12.
It was evacuated and returned to its original position.

Next, the trolley 10 is advanced toward the upper side of the carburizing port 12 by the operation of the cylinder 11, and the charging shoe 7 arranged on the trolley 10 is aligned with the carburizing port 12. Then, the cylinder 8 is actuated to lower the charging shoe 7, and the lower end of the charging shoe 7 is stopped at a position inside the charging port 12, and the coke hopper 9 to the 5 kg coke 14 is discharged.
Was cut out and charged into the extraction hole 13 to form the coke layer hole 3. A normal coke was used for the extraction hole 13. In this way, after forming the coke layer hole 3 having a large porosity, the charging shoe 7 is raised, and the carriage 11 is moved by the operation of the cylinder 11.
The coke charging mechanism B was retracted from the coal charging port 12 and returned to its original position.

As described above, a test operation was carried out in which the bleeding apparatus of the present invention was used to bleed the charged coal charged in the chamber furnace type coke furnace. Table 1 shows the operating conditions during this test operation (hereinafter referred to as the present invention operation), and the quality test results for the coke thus manufactured (hereinafter referred to as the present invention test piece). Table 1 also shows the operating conditions of the normal operation (hereinafter, referred to as comparative operation) in which the present invention is not carried out, and the quality test results of the produced coke (hereinafter referred to as comparative specimen). did.

[0021]

[Table 1]

In order to evaluate the quality of coke by the rolling strength in the cold, it is expressed by the JIS K2151 rolling strength test method as a percentage (DI ₁₀ ³⁰ ) of the weight on the 15 mm sieve under the 30 mm sieve. did.

From the results in Table 1, the invented specimen of coke produced by the method and apparatus of the present invention is better than the comparative specimen of coke produced without carrying out the invention. It can be seen that the strength is excellent and the variation thereof is small, and the coke dry distillation heat amount is smaller in the case of the operation of the present invention and in the case of the comparative operation.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention, a bleeding hole having a predetermined depth is formed in the upper part of the coal bed in the carbonization chamber of the chamber furnace type coke furnace, and the coke is formed inside the bleeding hole. Since the coke layer holes having a predetermined depth can be formed by filling, the extraction passage can be reliably formed between the inside of the coal layer and the upper part of the coalizing chamber, and through this, inside the coal layer. The generated water vapor can be completely extracted. Therefore, the carbonization rate in the carbonization chamber is made uniform, the variation in the quality of coke is reduced, the heat quantity of coke carbonization is reduced, and the life of the coke oven is improved. An industrially very useful effect that can provide a charging coal extraction method and an extraction apparatus is provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an extraction apparatus for charging coal in a coke oven according to the present invention 1
It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a support / traction mechanism of an extraction truck in the extraction apparatus for charging coke in a coke oven according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view showing an example of a main part of an apparatus for forming extraction holes of coke oven charging coal disclosed in the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A hole-opening mechanism B coke charging mechanism C support trolley mechanism 1 carbonization chamber 2 coal bed 3 coke layer hole 4 hole drill 4a drill blade 4b tip 5 motor 6 cylinder 7 charging shunt 8 Cylinder-9 Coke hopper-10 Bleed truck 11 Cylinder-12 Charging port 13 Bleed hole 14 Coke 15 Coal car 16 Coke oven 17 Leveler 18 Opening member 19 Guide roll 20 Conical member 21 Leaf spring 22 rails

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. After charging coal into a carbonization chamber of a chamber furnace type coke furnace, a coal having a predetermined depth from an upper surface of the coal layer is provided on an upper part of the coal layer in the carbonization chamber where the coal is charged. A coke layer hole is formed in the upper part of the coal bed by opening a pore and then filling the inside of the extraction hole with coke, which is generated from the coal carbonized in the carbonization chamber. A method for extracting coke from a coke furnace, characterized in that steam is extracted to the upper space of the carbonization chamber through the coke layer holes. 2. A bleeding hole having a predetermined depth from the upper surface of the coal bed is formed in the upper part of the coal bed in the carbonization room through a charging port provided in an upper part of the carbonization room of the chamber furnace type coke furnace. Opening mechanism, a coke feeding mechanism for filling coke into the extraction hole opened by the opening mechanism, and the hole moving mechanism and the coke feeding mechanism can be horizontally moved. And a supporting carriage mechanism disposed above the carbonization chamber for sequentially supporting the same to the coal charging port and sequentially arranging them toward the coal charging port.