JP4025532B2 - Coke oven combustion regulator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combustion adjusting device for a coke oven, and more particularly to a combustion adjusting device for a coke oven in which gas ports and / or air ports are provided in multiple stages on a combustion flue.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the coke oven, a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber are alternately arranged in the upper part of the heat storage chamber to form a furnace group, in order to utilize the carbonization chamber for carbonizing coal, the combustion chamber for burning fuel gas, and the preheating of combustion waste gas It consists of a heat storage room. The combustion chamber is subdivided into a number of flues. Gas and air associate and burn in the combustion flue, and the coal charged in the carbonization chamber sandwiching the brick is dry-distilled by this combustion heat. The gas or air port in the combustion flue has many single stages, for example, five stages, in order to heat the upper and lower sides of the carbonization chamber uniformly in a furnace with a low carbonization chamber height and a furnace with a high carbonization chamber height. Often, six stages are provided.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 10 shows the relationship between furnace height and temperature. When the fuel gas or air port is single-staged, the temperature becomes lower as it goes up in the height direction of the furnace as shown in FIG. 10 (see (1) in FIG. 10). On the other hand, if the fuel gas or air port is made up of a plurality of stages, for example, six stages, the temperature is equal in the height direction (see (2) in FIG. 10), or the temperature increases as it goes up in the height direction. A so-called upward heat tendency (see (3) in FIG. 10) occurs. In particular, when the operating rate is increased and the flow rate of the fuel gas or air is increased, the probability that the fuel gas or air is blown out from the upper stage is increased, and the tendency to the upper heat is shifted. When this upward heat tendency occurs, the temperature of the carbonization chamber becomes high, and carbon due to thermal decomposition of gas generated from coal increases.
[0004]
As carbon increases, troubles occur when the ram of the extruder collides with the carbon. In order to remove carbon, it is necessary to burn the carbonization chamber into an empty kettle or scrape it off with a bar or the like. Such work leads to a reduction in coke production, damages to the coking chamber bricks, or shortens furnace life.
[0005]
Once the coke oven has been built, it cannot be repaired later, so conventionally, even if there is a tendency to overheat, it must be operated as it is, and there has been no method for correcting the overheating tendency. Although the tendency to overheat can be prevented by restricting the flow rate of the fuel gas or air, the input heat amount is lowered and dry distillation is insufficient.
[0006]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a coke oven combustion adjustment device capable of preventing the tendency of overheating of the coke oven after the construction in a coke oven in which gas ports and / or air ports are installed in multiple stages in the combustion flue. The purpose is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has found that an upward heat tendency can be prevented by inserting a refractory into the gas port and / or the air port hot and adjusting the opening area.
[0008]
That is, the invention of claim 1 is directed to gas ports and / or air ports installed in multiple stages in the combustion flue, while imaging the position of the gas port or the air port by the imaging means during operation of the coke oven, A combustion adjusting device for a coke oven for inserting a refractory and reducing the opening ratio of the gas port and / or the air port, the imaging means for imaging the position of the gas port or the air port, and Holding means for detachably holding the refractory, lifting means for raising and lowering the refractory, and the refractory removed from the holding means moves toward the gas port or the air port by its own weight. The above-described problem has been solved by a coke oven combustion adjustment device comprising a guiding means for guiding the operation.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the combustion adjusting device for a coke oven according to the first aspect, the guide means includes a guide plate rotatably attached to the combustion adjusting device, and the guide plate guides the refractory. In this case, it is tilted to a predetermined angle.
[0010]
According to the present invention, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven can be adjusted to an ideal temperature distribution, and an upward heat tendency of the coke oven can be prevented.
[0011]
By reducing the opening ratio of the uppermost gas port and / or air port, it is possible to prevent the upward heat tendency of the coke oven. Ideally, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven is constant, or the bulk density of coal is higher at the bottom, so it is desirable that the temperature be slightly lower as it goes up. According to the present invention, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven is constant, or the temperature can be lowered toward the top.
[0015]
Once the coke oven was built, the inside of the combustion flue could only be inspected from an inspection port of about 100 mmφ. For this reason, it has been common knowledge that once a gas port or air port is made, it cannot be repaired. According to this invention, the position of the gas port or the air port is confirmed by the imaging means, the position of the gas port or the air port and the position of the refractory are aligned by the elevating means, and the refractory is caused by its own weight by the guide means. It can be guided to move towards the air port. Therefore, a refractory can be inserted into the gas port or the air port.
[0017]
According to this invention, even if the inspection port is narrow, the combustion adjusting device can be inserted by closing the inclined plate. Moreover, it can guide that a refractory moves toward a gas port or an air port by opening so that an inclination board may incline to a predetermined angle. Moreover, since the guide means can be inclined according to the inclination angle of the gas port or the air port inclined obliquely, the refractory can be inserted into the gas port or the air port more reliably.
[0018]
In the present invention, a multi-stage inserted between heat installation gas ports and / or air ports into the combustion flue, it is preferred by the refractory reducing the opening ratio of the gas ports and / or air ports.
[0020]
In the present invention, the refractory preferably has a wedge shape .
[0021]
According to the present invention, the refractory can be reliably fixed to the gas port or the air port. Moreover, when the refractory is worn out, it gradually goes into the back and secure fixing is maintained.
[0022]
In the present invention, the refractory is preferably a fibrous refractory material (that is, a ceramic fiber) or a composite refractory material in which a fibrous refractory material is attached to a refractory brick .
[0023]
According to this invention, the refractory can be cushioned, and the refractory can be securely fixed to the port. Further, it is possible to prevent the wedge-shaped refractory itself from being damaged or the port hole from being damaged due to the thermal expansion of the wedge-shaped refractory.
[0024]
In the present invention, the opening ratio of the gas port and / or the air port is reduced by inserting a refractory into the gas port and / or the air port installed in multiple stages in the combustion flue to increase the combustion flue height. It is by the operation method of the coke oven to adjust the temperature distribution in the direction Rukoto are preferred.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a combustion adjusting device for a coke oven according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a coke oven (specifically, a curl steel type) to which the coke oven combustion apparatus of the present invention is applied. In the coke oven, carbonization chambers and combustion chambers are arranged alternately above the heat storage chamber. The side with the coke guide wheel is called CS, and the side with the extruder is called PS. This coke oven is composed of a carbonization chamber for carbonizing coal, a combustion chamber for burning fuel gas, a heat storage chamber for utilizing the residual heat of the fuel waste gas, and a sole flue under the heat storage chamber. The combustion chamber is subdivided into a number of combustion flues, and a collection of flues for one row along the carbonization chamber is called a flu row.
[0027]
The fuel gas and air are heated in separate heat storage chambers via the sole flue and enter the combustion flue. In the combustion flue, fuel gas and air associate and burn. The combustion waste gas is further drawn down into the heat storage chamber on the drawing side, and the bricks in the heat storage chamber are heated and escape to the flue through the sole flue. In a Curl Steel type coke oven, CS halves (for example, # 1 to 16) of flues are simultaneously heated, and waste gas is drawn down to PS halves (for example, # 17 to 35).
[0028]
In this coke oven, gas ports 1... And air ports 2... Are provided in multiple stages (for example, 6 stages), fuel gas is blown out from each gas port 1 provided in multiple stages, and air is blown out from the air port 2. In the present invention, a refractory is heated between the uppermost stage (ie, the sixth stage) and the second stage (ie, the fifth stage) of the gas port 1... And the air port 2. Plug in.
[0029]
2 and 3 show a gas port 1 or an air port 2 into which a refractory is inserted. The ports 1 and 2 are made of a brick base material (silica brick) and have a shape in which the lower part of the opening protrudes. The front shape of the gas port 1 or the air port 2 is formed in a flat rectangular shape, and about half of the entire lateral width of the port is filled with the refractory 3. As a result, the aperture ratio of the port is reduced to about half. If the opening ratios of the upper ports 1 and 2 are excessively reduced, the temperature of the upper part becomes too low and the upper coal becomes insufficient in dry distillation, so it is desirable to reduce the opening ratio to about half. The refractory 3 has a shape having a slope, that is, a wedge shape. This refractory 3 is made of a composite refractory material in which a fibrous refractory material is attached to a fibrous refractory material molded product (that is, ceramic fiber) or a refractory brick. The density of the refractory 3 is preferably set to 0.4 g / cm ³ or more. If the density of the refractory 3 is smaller than this, the refractory 3 may be blown off by blowing out fuel gas or air, and it becomes difficult to insert the refractory into the ports 1 and 2 due to its own weight.
[0030]
Thus, by reducing the aperture ratio of the gas port 1 and the air port 2 on the upper stage side, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven can be adjusted to an ideal temperature distribution. Ideally, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven is constant, or the lower one is higher considering the bulk density of the coal. According to the present invention, the temperature distribution in the height direction of the coke oven is constant, or the temperature can be lowered toward the top.
[0031]
In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a coke oven having six stages of gas ports 1 and six stages of air ports 2, but the number of stages of gas ports 1 and air ports 2 may be a plurality of stages. For example, three stages may be used. Moreover, although the refractory is inserted into the sixth and fifth stages of the gas port 1 and the air port 2, it may be inserted only into the uppermost sixth stage. Further, in the above embodiment, a two-divided flame path type (curl steel type) coke oven has been described. However, a twin flame path type, a four-divided flame path type, and a crossover are provided as long as they have a plurality of gas ports or air ports. Any type of coke oven or the like may be used.
[0032]
4 to 6 show an embodiment of a combustion adjusting device for a coke oven according to the present invention. This combustion adjusting device inserts the refractory 3 into the gas port 1 and the air port 2 installed in multiple stages in the combustion flue between the heat, thereby reducing the opening ratio of the gas port 1 and the air port 2. This combustion device includes an insertion device 4 inserted into the combustion flue and a lifting device 5 as a lifting means for lifting the insertion device 4. The lifting device 5 is a manual winch or an electric winch, and the insertion device 4 is suspended from the end of the rope 6 via a support column 7. The elevating device 5 elevates and lowers the insertion device 4 suspended from the column 7 and aligns the refractory with the target port.
[0033]
The insertion device 4 is equipped with an imaging device 8 such as a TV camera or a CCD camera for imaging the position of the gas port 1 or the air port 2, and an operator observes the position of the gas port 1 or the air port 2 on the TV monitor. The refractory 3 can be inserted.
[0034]
At the distal end of the insertion device 4, a support plate 9 as a holding means for detachably holding the refractory 3, and the refractory 3 removed from the support plate 9 are attached to the gas port 1 or the air port 2 by its own weight. A guide plate 10 is provided as a guide means for guiding the moving toward. One end 10a of the guide plate 10 is attached to the insertion device 4 so as to be rotatable. The guide plate 10 is directed vertically downward when the insertion device 4 is inserted into the combustion flue 11 as shown in FIG. 5, and when the refractory is guided as shown in FIG. It is inclined to a predetermined angle according to.
[0035]
A method of using the coke oven combustion adjustment device will be described. First, a carriage described later is operated to move the insertion device 4 to the position of the inspection port of the combustion flue. Next, the lifting device 5 is operated, and the insertion device 4 is gradually lowered in the combustion flue. When the target ports 1 and 2 are found by the TV camera, the descent of the insertion device 4 is stopped. While the insertion device 4 is lowered, the guide plate 10 is obstructed, so the guide plate 10 is closed. Next, the guide plate 10 is inclined by a predetermined angle. Next, the support plate 9 is removed (that is, the clasp 9a holding the refractory 3 is removed). As a result, the refractory 3 slides on the guide plate 10 by its own weight and is finally inserted into the target ports 1 and 2.
[0036]
7 to 9 show a carriage 13 for moving the insertion device 4 to a combustion flue intended. The insertion device 4, the column 7, and the lifting device are installed on a carriage 13. This carriage 13 supports the whole and is mounted with a traveling carriage 14 for moving the insertion device 4 in a direction intersecting the flue row (furnace group direction), and the insertion device 4, and the row direction of the flue row (furnace length direction). And a traversing carriage 15 for moving the insertion device 4.
[0037]
The traveling carriage 14 runs on the same coal-car rails 16 and 16 as the rails on which the coal-carrying car for loading coal into the coke oven is placed at the top of the coke oven, and the position of the flue row of the target combustion flue Until the insertion device 4 is moved. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, this traveling cart is jacked up by the rotating jack 17 when not working, and is rotated 90 degrees and placed parallel to the charcoal rails 16 and 16. Thus, the traveling carriage 14 is stored so as not to obstruct the traveling and storing of the coal-equipped vehicle when there is no work. Since the entire fuel adjustment device is elongated, there is a risk that the balance will be lost due to the influence of the wind during operation and fall down. For this reason, it has a structure in which the fuel adjusting device does not fall by issuing the out triggers 18 during the work.
[0038]
The traversing carriage 15 is provided with a column 7 for raising and lowering the insertion device 4. As shown in FIG. 8, the support column 7 is tilted 90 degrees until it becomes horizontal with the furnace top when stored, and can be stored with the insertion device mounted. The traversing carriage 15 travels on a rail provided on the traveling carriage 14, and moves the insertion device 4 to the position of the inspection port of the combustion flue.
[0039]
Further, the insertion device 4 can be rotated 180 degrees, and the opening can be adjusted by inserting the refractory 3 into either port according to the direction of the port of the combustion flue. In the combustion flue, the positions of the gas port and the air port change depending on whether the flue number is an odd number or an even number. Since the insertion device 4 can rotate 180 degrees, it is possible to cope with such a change in the position of the gas port and the air port for each number of the combustion flue.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
Until now, in a multi-stage combustion type coke oven that was designed and constructed once, it was impossible to adjust the opening of the gas port and the air port, and it had to be operated as it was even if inconvenience occurred in operation. However, if the combustion adjusting device for a coke oven of the present invention is used, a refractory can be inserted into the gas port or the air port and the opening ratio of the gas port or the air port can be reduced, so that the operation can be performed under better combustion conditions. It becomes like this. Moreover, since the upper temperature can be relatively lowered, there is also an incidental effect that the operation rate can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a coke oven to which an embodiment of a combustion adjusting device for a coke oven of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a gas port or an air port into which a refractory is inserted.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a gas port or an air port into which a refractory is inserted.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a coke oven combustion adjusting device of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an insertion device immediately before being inserted into a combustion flue.
FIG. 6 is a view showing an insertion device inserted into a combustion flue.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a combustion adjusting device mounted on a carriage.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the combustion adjustment device in a folded state.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the rotation of the combustion adjustment device jacked up.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between furnace height and temperature.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gas port 2 ... Air port 3 ... Refractory 4 ... Insertion device 5 ... Elevating device (elevating means)
8 ... Imaging device (imaging means)
9. Support plate (holding means)
10 ... Guide plate (guide means)
11 ... Combustion Flue

Claims (2)

The gas port and / or air port installed in multiple stages in the combustion flue is inserted with a refractory while imaging the position of the gas port or the air port by an imaging means during operation of the coke oven , and the gas port And / or a coke oven combustion adjustment device for reducing the opening ratio of the air port, wherein the refractory is detachably held by an imaging means for imaging the position of the gas port or the air port. Holding means for lifting and lowering means for raising and lowering the refractory, and guidance for guiding the refractory removed from the holding means to move toward the gas port or the air port by its own weight And a coke oven combustion adjusting device.   2. The coke according to claim 1, wherein the guide means includes a guide plate rotatably attached to the combustion adjusting device, and the guide plate is inclined to a predetermined angle when guiding the refractory. Furnace combustion adjustment device.

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