JPH081790Y2 - Linear motion rolling guide unit - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an improvement of a long linear motion rolling guide unit used in a drive part of a machine tool, various precision machining devices, a test device or the like.

[Prior Art] As a linear motion rolling guide unit that mounts a relatively heavy device and guides forward and backward with high accuracy over a relatively long distance, the guide unit already shown in FIG. 7th
The guidance unit shown in the figure has been proposed.

In the guide unit shown in FIG. 6, two track rails B and C are fixed in parallel to the bed A, slide units D and E are straddled on the rails B and C, and a slide table F is mounted on the slide unit. Is fixed, and various devices mounted on the slide table F are moved back and forth in the direction of the double arrow G.
Each slide unit D, E is a track H of track rails B, C,
The internal rolling element is engaged with I.
Since it is necessary to support the radial load and the moment load acting in the up-down and left-right directions acting on the slide table F and the rolling element, the arrow once and the rolling element are engaged with each other in a state of being zero or preloaded. There is.

Therefore, if there is an error in the parallelism between the track rails B and C, the sliding load of the slide table F increases,
The service life of the guide unit is reduced, the sliding resistance is changed, etc., resulting in a serious impact on accuracy and performance.

For this reason, not only the number of assembling steps for improving the accuracy of the parallelism of the track rails B and C is significantly increased, but also
Fixing both rails in parallel with high accuracy of tens of microns or less over the entire length of track rails B and C that are several meters long is a difficult task that is almost impossible to handle.

The guide unit shown in FIG. 7 is constructed by directly straddling the slide table L on the track rails J and K, and fixing a number of infinitely circulating bearing units M1 to M6 groups to the slide table L. Track rail J
The bearing unit M1, M2, M3, and M4 are clamped from four sides to support the load in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the other track rail K receives the bearing unit M from the vertical direction.
Even if there is some error in the parallelism between both track rails J and K by pressing 5 and M6 together, the bearing units M5 and M6 slightly move in the double arrow N direction along the upper and lower track surfaces of the track rail K. Is configured to absorb and eliminate the parallelism error, but a large number of relatively bulky infinitely circulating bearing units M1 to M6 are fixed to the slide table L, and a large number of lubricating oil passages O are provided in the rail. It has to be formed, the structure is complicated and large, it is also expensive, it is not applicable to relatively small devices, and the existing linear motion rolling guide unit or track rail cannot be used. Exists.

Further, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-34673, a slide unit that is mounted on and engaged with an accompanying track rail that is to be installed in parallel with a reference track rail is elastically deformed in a direction orthogonal to the track rail. There is also proposed a structure in which an elastic body is fixed to a slide table to absorb parallelism error by elastic deformation of the elastic body. However, there is a drawback in that the running accuracy of the slide table deteriorates due to a slight change in the height of the slide table.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above problems associated with the conventional linear motion rolling guide unit, the present invention provides a reference track rail and an accompanying track rail arranged in parallel therewith. Even if there is an error of several tens of microns in the parallelism accuracy of the above, due to the improvement of the accompanying linear motion rolling guide unit on the track rail side, it is spanned over both track rails and connected to a single slide table. Increase of load on each slide unit that slides and slides, or change of sliding resistance,
Alternatively, without changing the height of the left and right sides of the slide table, etc., it is possible to maintain high-precision operation performance and high rigidity at all times.
Not only can the work of fixing the accompanying track rail that is assembled in parallel with the reference track rail be facilitated, and not only it can be configured relatively compactly, but also the existing straddle structure between the track rail and the slide unit. The object is to provide a linear motion rolling guide unit that can use existing products for both the reference and accompanying track rails and the slide unit that straddles the reference rail, while maintaining the same high rigidity as that of the reference rail. I am trying.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a linear motion rolling guide unit in which a slide unit having a rolling element and a rolling track is laid across a track rail.
The slide unit has a rolling element and a rolling track,
A lower member that is rotatably engaged with a track rail, and a dovetail groove that is fitted on an upper portion of the lower member with a limited movement gap in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail. A table fixing upper member, and the moving gap is formed between the rolling member interposed between the upper member and the lower member and the both members. It is formed between both ends of the rolling track of the rolling element in the rolling direction, or is formed between the side plate for preventing the upper member from coming off and the both side walls of the upper member, which are fixed to both side faces of the lower member. In addition, the structure in which the upper member is moved through a low friction coefficient material interposed between the upper member and the upper surface of the lower member is adopted.

[Operation] In the present invention, the slide unit includes the lower member that is engaged in the track rail in a straddle manner, and a limited moving gap in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail on the upper part of the lower member. Since it is composed of the table fixing upper member already fitted in the dovetail groove, only the table fixing upper member moves in the movement gap while being guided by the dovetail groove with respect to the track rail and the lower member. It is possible and does not cause a height change.

Therefore, two track rails are laid in parallel,
A single slide table is supported by a slide unit that straddles each track rail, and when the devices fixed to the slide table are slid along the track rail, the other side of the reference track rail is attached. Even if there is an error of several tens of microns in the parallelism of the track rails, only the slide unit that straddles the reference track rails is engaged at most in the allowance zero state. If the present invention is applied to the slide unit spanned by the track rails, the lower member of the slide unit rolls along the track rails in the non-parallel portion when the slide table slides. The table fixing upper member rolls and moves with respect to the lower member in the moving gap by the parallel amount. To. As a result, in the non-parallel portion, the increase in the sliding resistance between the track rail and the slide unit, which should have occurred originally, is absorbed and eliminated by the movement of the table fixing upper member. No increase in applied load or change in sliding resistance will occur.

In addition, the lower member of the slide unit and the upper member for fixing the table have a dovetail groove structure so that the rigidity of the slide unit as a whole is not compromised at all. There is no change in the height of the left and right sides.

Further, the same structure as the conventional device can be adopted for the straddling structure of the two track rails, the slide unit straddling the reference track rail, and the lower member of the slide unit straddling the accompanying track rail. Is.

In addition, the moving gap of the table fixing upper member with respect to the lower member of the slide unit is defined by the rolling element interposed between both members and both ends in the rolling direction of the rolling track formed between both members. The structure is simple because the gap between the two members is either the gap between the upper member and the side plate for fixing the upper member that is fixed to both sides of the lower member and the side walls of the upper member. It does not limit the mounting engagement structure that is flexible and requires rigidity.

Also, in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail,
Since the table fixing upper member is moved through the low friction coefficient material interposed between the upper member and the lower member upper surface, it is possible to adopt a sheet-shaped low friction coefficient material,
The volume of the slide unit can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and smooth movement can be realized.

[Embodiment] FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show a first embodiment, in which a slide unit 2 is provided for a track rail 1.
However, it is slidably straddled in the double arrow X direction by the rolling elements 3 and the raceways 4 and 5 for rolling.

The slide unit 2 is composed of a lower member 6 and a table fixing upper member 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lower member 6 includes a rolling element 3 which is a ball, an orbit 5 which is a load orbit thereof, a return hole 8 which is a return path of the rolling element 3, an orbit 5 and a return hole 8.
With the infinite circulation linear motion bearing structure consisting of the direction change paths 9 and 10 communicating with and, the track 4 of the track rail 1 can be slid freely with a required allowance, for example, zero allowance or a predetermined preload. It is straddled and is configured to be able to receive a vertical load and a moment load.

The table fixing upper member 7 is engaged with the dovetail groove portion 12 provided on the upper surface of the lower member 6 by the dovetail groove portion 11 provided on the lower surface and orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail 1, and the double arrow Y direction, That is, it is slidable in the direction orthogonal to the track rail 1.

In the first embodiment, the track 13 orthogonal to the track rail 1 is cut on the upper surface of the lower member 6, and the lower surface of the table fixing upper member 7 faces the track 13 and has a symmetrical structure. Track 14 has been excavated, and both tracks
Between 13 and 14, a needle roller 16 that constitutes the rolling element 15,
The cage 17 is arranged to smooth the sliding of the table fixing upper member 7 in the double arrow Y direction.

In this embodiment, the orbits 13 and 14 for rolling the rolling elements 15 are used.
There is a gap between both ends 18 of the rolling direction and the side 19 of the cage 17.
G1 is formed, and within the range of this gap G1, the table fixing upper member 7 is allowed to slide with respect to the lower member 6 in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the track rail 1.

In the figure, reference numeral 20 is a lubricating sheet made of a low friction coefficient material interposed between the dovetail grooves 11 and 12, reference numeral 21 is a side plate fixed to both side surfaces of the lower member 6 for preventing the upper member from coming off, and reference numeral 22 and 23 are bolt holes for fixing the slide table.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment, in which the slide unit 24 includes a lower member 25 and the lower member 25.
In addition, the structure formed by the dovetail groove structure 26 and the table fixing upper member 28 fitted so as to be slidable in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail 27 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Although the structure is the same, the sliding mechanism between the lower member 25 and the table fixing upper member 28 and the structure for limiting the moving gap G2 of the table fixing upper member 28 with respect to the lower member 25 are different from those in the above-described embodiment. ing.

In this second embodiment, the upper surface 29 of the lower member 25,
The lower surface of the table-fixing upper member 28 facing this
30 and 30 are both flat surfaces, and both surfaces are brought into contact with each other through a sheet 31 of a low friction coefficient material, for example, a sheet of a silicon-based synthetic resin, and the table fixing upper member 28 has a low friction resistance. It is configured to be slidable in the double arrow Z direction.

Side plates 34, 35 for preventing the upper member 28 for table fixing from coming off are fixed to both side surfaces 32, 33 of the lower member 25, while track rails 27 are provided on both sides of the upper member 28 for table fixing. Guide groove parallel to the length direction
36, 37 are cut, the upper side portions of the side plates 34, 35 are arranged in the guide grooves 36, 37, and the side walls 38, 39 of the guide grooves 36, 37.
And a gap between the side plates 34 and 35 and the inner surface of the side plate 34, 35 is defined as a moving gap G2 of the table fixing upper member 28.

In each of the embodiments, the track rails 1 and 27 are laid parallel to the reference track rail (not shown), and when the parallelism has an error of several tens of microns, the table fixing upper Since the members 7 and 28 can move within the range of the moving gaps G1 and G2 in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rails 1 and 27, the error of the parallelism is stored and erased, and the lower members 6 and 25 And track rail 1,
It prevents the change of sliding resistance between and 27.

As the rolling element interposed between the table fixing upper member and the lower member, a cylindrical roller, a ball, a low friction coefficient material film, a cam follower or the like can be used in addition to the illustrated example.

[Effect] When the present invention is applied to an accompanying track rail parallel to the reference track rail, even if there is an error of about several tens of microns in the parallelism of the accompanying track rail to the reference track rail, the table Since the fixing upper member moves in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail to absorb and eliminate the error, an increase in load when the slide table slides and a change in sliding resistance occur. There is an effect that the high precision sliding performance can be maintained.

In addition, there is an effect that the work of fixing the accompanying track rail in parallel with the reference track rail becomes extremely easy.

Further, not only the slide unit can be configured relatively compactly, but also the track rail and the structure for straddling the lower member with respect to the rail can retain the same high rigidity as that of the conventional one. The dovetail groove structure is used for the slidable connection between the lower member and the lower member so that the high rigidity of the slide unit is not compromised, and the height of both the slide unit and slide table changes. The effect of maintaining high-precision sliding performance can be achieved without the occurrence of tilting.

Further, since the low coefficient of friction material is interposed between the table fixing upper member and the lower member, the slide unit can be reduced in volume and weight, and can also achieve smooth sliding.

Furthermore, both the standard and accompanying track rails and the slide unit that straddles the standard track rail have the advantage that existing products can be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a perspective view showing a part of the first embodiment in section, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is III-I in FIG.
II line sectional view, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 3 of the second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view similar to FIG. 2 of the second embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an example of a conventional device, and FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view orthogonal to a track rail of another conventional device. 1: Track rail, 2: Slide unit, 3: Rolling element, 4,
5: Orbit, 6: Lower member, 7: Table fixing upper member, G1: Moving gap, 11, 12: Dovetail groove part, 13, 14: Orbit, 15:
Rolling elements, 18: both ends of raceways, 20, 31: sheets of low friction coefficient material, 26: dovetail groove structure, 34, 35: side plates, 38, 39: side walls.

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A linear motion rolling guide unit in which a slide unit having a rolling element and a rolling track is laid on a track rail, wherein the slide unit has a rolling element and a rolling track. A lower member that is rotatably engaged with a track rail, and a dovetail groove that is fitted on an upper portion of the lower member with a limited movement gap in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the track rail. A linear motion rolling guide unit formed with the table fixing upper member. 2. A rolling element in which a limited movement gap of the table fixing upper member in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the track rail is interposed between the upper member and the lower member. The linear motion rolling guide unit according to claim 1, wherein the linear motion rolling guide unit is formed between both ends of a rolling track of the rolling element formed between both members in the rolling direction. 3. The table fixing upper member is moved in a direction orthogonal to the lengthwise direction of the track rail through a material having a low friction coefficient between the upper member and the lower member upper surface, and the limited movement gap is provided. The linear motion rolling guide unit according to claim 1, which is formed between a side plate for preventing the upper member from coming off and fixed to both side surfaces of the lower member and both side walls of the upper member.