JPH08172848A - Mower - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a mower, varying the height dimensions of the second housing based on those of the first housing, capable of rationalizing the output distribution of a planar blade/a slope blade, effectively utilizing the engine output and improved in efficiency in mowing and designing operations. CONSTITUTION: This mower is obtained by surrounding a planar blade 10 with the first housing 14 and a slope blade 11 with the second housing 15 and varying the height dimensions of the second housing 15 based on those of the first housing 14. Furthermore, the height dimensions of the second housing 15 are preferably reduced from those of the first housing 14. When the dimensions from the undersurface of a ceiling plate 14a of the first housing 14 to the planar blade 10 are A and the dimensions from the undersurface of a ceiling plate 15a of the second housing 15 to the slope blade 11 are B, A and B determined by the formula B=(0.4 to 0.8)×A are preferably adopted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved two-sided mower.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a measure to reduce labor for rice cultivation, attempts have been made to replace mowing on ridges with human power, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-276825, "Mowing Machine and Angle Adjusting Device and Swing Control Device". There is Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-9228, “Mower”, which was previously proposed by the present applicant. According to FIG. 4 of the publication, is a two-sided mower equipped with two rotary blades 43, 43a.

According to FIG. 5 of the publication, is a mower equipped with a main rotary blade 31 for cutting the upper surface of a ridge and a sub rotary blade 35 for cutting an inclined surface. The main rotary blade 31 is housed in a stationary housing 22. The sub rotary blade 35 is housed in the swing housing 25.

[0004]

As shown in FIG. 4 of the publication, the cover 20 is in the non-folded state.
And the cover 30 have the same height. The same applies to the above. That is, in the conventional two-sided mower, two rotary blades are housed in a cutter housing having the "same height".

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a rice field ridge. As a result of detailed investigation of the rice field ridge 101, the present inventors have found that the upper surface 102 and the slope 103 have different grass forms. For example, when the density of grass on the upper surface 102 is ρ, the density of the slope 103 inclined at an angle θ is approximately ρ sin θ when viewed along the perpendicular of the slope 103, and the upper surface 102 is dense and the slope 103 Is coarse. At this time, it is useless to drive the beveled blade like the flat blade.

FIGS. 11A and 11B are cutting action diagrams of grass, and FIG. 11A shows a state in which the grass 104 on the upper surface 102 is cut in the arrow direction. Since it is cut at right angles to the fibers of the grass 104, the resistance is great. On the other hand, (b) shows the slope 10
The state where the grass 105 of No. 3 is cut in the arrow direction is shown. Grass 1
Since it is cut diagonally into 05 fibers, the resistance is much smaller. That is, from the above description, it can be said that the conventional two-sided mower equipped with the cutter housings having the "same height" is not suitable.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention encloses a flat blade with a first housing and a beveled blade with a second housing, and the height dimension of the first housing is used as a reference. It is characterized in that the height dimension of the second housing is different.

For example, the second with respect to the first housing
Reduce the height of the housing.

When the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the first housing to the flat blade is A and the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the second housing to the beveled blade is B, B = (0.
4 to 0.8) × A, A and B defined by the formula are adopted.

[0010]

The height of the first and second housings is determined according to the condition of the grass on the upper surface and the slope.

For example, if the grass on the upper surface of the ridge is dense and the slope is rough, the height of the second housing is made lower than that of the first housing.

More specifically, when the dimension A from the lower surface of the ceiling plate to the flat blade in the first housing is 150 mm, the dimension B from the lower surface of the ceiling plate to the inclined blade in the second housing is about 90 mm.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a mower according to the present invention.
The pipe-shaped body frame 2 is provided with front wheels 3 at the front and rear wheels 4 at the rear, and the body frame 2 has a swing tube 5 with a larger diameter.
, The engine 6 is placed on the rocking tube 5, and the cutter housing 7 is suspended.
A plane blade 10 and a beveled blade 11 are arranged inside the front and rear sides and left and right sides (both of which are seen by an operator) at a distance. The cutter housing 7 is formed by connecting the fixed-side housing 14 as the first housing and the swing-side housing 15 as the second housing with hinges 12 and 12. Reference numeral 16 is an auxiliary wheel that defines the height of the swing-side housing 15.

The output shaft 6a of the engine 6 faces downward,
The rear wheel 4 is driven via a transmission means (not shown) (for example, a universal shaft, a sprocket, a chain, etc.), and the plane blade 10 and the sloped blade 11 are rotated via a pulley and a belt. Will be described later. The rocking tube 5 may be eliminated and the fixed housing 14 may be directly attached to the vehicle body frame 2 via a bracket.
In this embodiment, the fixed housing 14 is also made swingable to some extent.

FIG. 2 is a side view (main part) of the mower according to the present invention. The front wheel 3 is attached to the vehicle body frame 2 side by the pin 17, and the attachment angle is changed by replacing the insertion pin 18. It is a mechanism that can. 1
9 ... (... indicates a plurality, the same applies hereinafter) is a pin hole,
21 is a plate. Similarly, the handle 22 is swingably attached to the rear portion of the vehicle body frame 2, and the insertion pin 2
It is a mechanism that can change the mounting angle by replacing 3. 24 are pin holes, and 25 and 26 are plates.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a mower according to the present invention, in which a rocking tube 5 is attached to a vehicle body frame 2, and an engine 6 is mounted on the rocking tube 5 via a mount plate 27. , The hanger bracket 28 on the swing tube 5,
The fixed-side housing 14 is suspended via 29, and the swing-side housing 15 is connected to the fixed-side housing 14 via hinges 12 and 12.

The height dimension of the fixed housing (first housing) 14 is used as a reference, and the height dimension of the swinging housing (second housing) 15 is made different. In the embodiment, the height dimension of the swing-side housing 15 is smaller than that of the fixed-side housing 14. Further, specifically, the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate 14a of the fixed housing 14 to the center of the flat blade 10 is A, and the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate 15a of the swinging housing 15 to the bevel blade 11 is B. In this case, A is about 150 mm and B is about 90 mm.

In this embodiment, the first belt 31 and the second belt 31
The belt 32 and the first belt 3 are stretched vertically in two stages.
1 drives the flat blade 10 and the second belt 32 drives the flat blade 11
Drive. In the figure, reference numerals 33 and 34 denote bearing portions having a shaft and a bearing built therein.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are belt hanging procedure diagrams of the mower according to the present invention. FIG. 4 (a) is an upper stage first belt 31 and related pulleys, and FIG. 4 (b) is a lower stage second belt. Belt 32
And related pulleys are shown. In FIG. 1, the belts 31 and 32 are indistinct because they overlap with each other and are therefore indistinct.
(A) shows a first pulley 35 attached to the output shaft 6a of the engine, a second pulley 36 for driving the flat blade shaft 10a, and the first and second pulleys 35, 36 that form a triangular vertex. Pulleys 35, 3 consisting of 3 pulleys 37
6 and 37 show that the first belt 31 is wound. The support shaft 38 of the third pulley 37 is provided upright in the fixed housing 14.

Further, 39 is a rocking lever locked to the fixed side housing 14 by a pin 39a. A tensioner roll 39b is formed at one end of the rocking lever 39 and a brake shoe 39c is formed at the other end of the rocking lever 39. When the rocking lever 39 is rocked counterclockwise in the drawing by an operation lever and a wire (not shown), the first belt 31 is tensioned, the power of the first pulley 35 is transmitted to the second pulley 36, and the flat blade shaft 10a is driven. On the contrary, when the rocking lever 39 is rocked clockwise, the first belt 31 is slackened and the power transmission is weakened, so that the brake shoe 39c can brake the first belt 31. According to the above procedure, the flat blade 10 can be arbitrarily operated / stopped while the engine is operating and running.

(B) is a fourth pulley 41 integrally formed below the third pulley 37, a sixth pulley 43 for driving the beveled blade shaft 11a, and the fourth and sixth pulleys 41, 43.
It is shown that the second belt 32 is wound around the pulleys 41, 42, and 43, which both include the fifth pulley 42 forming the apex of a triangle. The support shaft 44 of the fifth pulley 42 is provided upright on the swing-side housing 15. Reference numeral 46 is a tensioner roll, which includes a spring 46a and a pin 46b.
The lever 46c swinging around the second belt 32
Always make you nervous.

The operation of the above-mentioned mower will be described below. FIG. 5 is a rear cross-sectional view of the mower according to the present invention, showing a non-rocking posture in which the beveled blade 11 is parallel (flush) with the flat blade 10. This non-oscillating posture is suitable for traveling on farm roads and for mowing large flat surfaces. At this time, the auxiliary wheel 16 shown in FIG. 1 can be floated from the ground by lifting the swing-side housing 15 by using the chain 47 and the pulley 48 shown by the imaginary line.

FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the second belt, in which (a) is a non-swinging posture,
That is, the second belt 32 is parallel (including substantially parallel) to the first belt 31. (B) shows a swinging posture where the swinging side housing 15 is swung largely downward for the purpose of cutting the slope, and is between the fourth pulley 41 and the fifth pulley 42 (range).
The second belt 32 is twisted between (the range of) the fourth pulley 41 and the tensioner roller 46. Since the second belt 32 is highly flexible, the twist angle is allowed up to 90 °. Therefore, if the angle is about 45 ° as shown, there is no problem in transmission and belt life.

FIG. 7 is a view showing the swinging posture of the mower according to the present invention, in which the upper surface 51 of the ridge 50 faces the fixed-side housing 14 having a large height and the slope 52 has a small swinging height. The side housing 15 is exposed. The grass on the upper surface 51 of the ridge 50 is cut by the plane blade 10 by an amount corresponding to the height dimension A,
The grass on the slope 52 corresponds to the height B, and the blade 11
Mowed with. As described in the section of the prior art, the slope 52
When the density of the grass is rough compared to that of the upper surface 51, the grass can be sufficiently cut with the height dimension B.

As a result of repeated experiments by the present inventors,
When A is 150 mm, if B is less than 60 mm, the uncut residue is conspicuous and the condition is not good, and B is 120 m.
It has been found that if it exceeds m, there is no difference in the height of the housing and it becomes difficult to lower the engine output by one rank. Therefore, B = (0.4 to 0.8) ×
It is desirable to determine B from the formula of A.

Although the grass intakes in the housings 14 and 15 have not been described so far, the housing 1
4 and 15 is the product of the horizontal width dimension and the height dimension, and in this embodiment, the horizontal width dimensions of the housings 14 and 15 are substantially the same. The amount of grass taken in by the fixed housing 14 and the amount of grass taken in by the swinging housing 15 differ in proportion to the area ratio of the intake. As a result, the load on the beveled blade 11 becomes smaller than the load on the flat blade 10, so that the output of the engine can be lowered by one rank.

Alternatively, depending on the shape of the rice field ridge, the width of the slope 52 may be larger than the width of the upper surface 51. Therefore, the horizontal width of the swing side housing 15 is set to the fixed side housing 1.
It may have to be larger than 4 horizontal widths.
At this time, the swing-side housing 15 may have a small height and a wide width. Even in this case, since the height dimension is made small, there is no fear that the load on the beveled blade 11 becomes excessive. The above-mentioned technique exhibits a remarkable effect when combined with a technique for making a difference in the outer diameter and the rotational speed of the flat blade / beveled blade described below.

What is further important in FIG. 7 is that the hinge 12 is located lower than the ceiling plate 14a of the fixed housing 14. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are explanatory views in which aspects of the cutter housing are described for the example and the comparative example, the solid line shows the non-oscillation state, and the imaginary line shows the oscillation state. (A) has a step (AB) between the ceiling plate 14a of the fixed housing 14 and the ceiling plate 15a of the swinging housing 15a, and the flat blade 10 and the beveled blade even in the non-swinging state (solid line). I try not to open a gap with 11. When the swing-side housing 15 is swung, the beveled blade 11 overlaps the flat blade 10. Since the flat blade 10 and the beveled blade 11 are separated from each other in the front and back direction of the drawing, there is no risk of interference even if they are wrapped. Therefore,
In the embodiment of (a), the flat blade 10 and the beveled blade 11 appropriately lap in the swinging range from the solid line to the imaginary line.

(B) is a fixed-side housing 140 (comparative example is denoted by reference numeral 100), a swing-side housing 15
In both 0, the height dimension is A. In the swinging state shown by the imaginary line, the lap margin of the flat blade 100 and the beveled blade 110 is adjusted to the above (a). Then, in the non-oscillating state (solid line), a large gap S is opened between the flat blade 100 and the beveled blade 110. In this case, uncut residue occurs, so the above-mentioned gap S
When the structure is corrected to 0 (zero), the lap margin (correctly, the portion deviated from the slope 52 of the slope blade 110 to the right in the figure) in the rocking state becomes excessive this time. If the lapping allowance is large, the effective cutting width when the flat blade 100 and the beveled blade 110 are combined becomes small. Or, the effective cutting width on the slope becomes smaller. Therefore, if the height of the swing-side housing 15 is reduced as in the present invention, the effective cutting width in the double-sided mowing machine can be increased.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the relationship between the flat blade and the beveled blade according to the present invention, in which the outer diameter of the flat blade 10 is D
1, the number of revolutions is N1, the outer diameter of the beveled blade 11 is D2, the number of revolutions is N2
As a result of the experiment, the following was found. The peripheral speed V1 on the outer periphery of the flat blade 10 is (π · D1 · N
1) ÷ 60, and the peripheral speed V2 on the outer circumference of the beveled blade 11 is (π · D2 · N2) ÷ 60. Peripheral speeds V1 and V2 must be at least 40 m / s. Four
If it is less than 0 m / s, the grass will fall asleep and it will not cut well. The peripheral speeds V1 and V2 are limited to 70 m / s. If it exceeds this, damage to the blades 10, 11 will increase when hitting a hard object such as stone. Therefore, one method is to set V1 = V2 = 50 to 60 m / s, that is, to make both peripheral speeds the same. This is because both the mowing performance and the long life of the blade can be achieved.

As described in the prior art, the grass on the plane of the ridge is often dense and the slope is rough. In this case, D1
= D2, the rotation speeds N1 and N2 (where N2 <N1) satisfying 40 m / s ≦ V2 <V1 ≦ 70 m / s may be determined.
Considering that the required power is approximately proportional to the peripheral speed by the outer diameter of the blade × the peripheral speed, the flat blade 10 can be made to do more work. Alternatively, the output of the engine 6 can be lowered by one rank by reducing the required power of the beveled blade 11. On the contrary, depending on the form of the ridge, the slope width is larger than the plane width, so there is also a demand for D1 <D2. The upper surface 51 of the ridge can be cut back and forth, and it is sufficient to cut substantially a half width. On the other hand, the slope 52 is one-way cut. Therefore, in preparation for such a case, D1 <
D2, 40m / s≤V1≤70m / s, 40m / s≤
There is a method of determining N1 and N2 in a range satisfying V2≤70 m / s.

Summarizing the above, when the outer diameter of the flat blade 10 is D1, the number of revolutions is N1, the outer diameter of the beveled blade 11 is D2, and the number of revolutions is N2, these four values are given by the following equations. Will be satisfied. 0.6 ≦ (D1 · N1) / (D2 · N2) ≦ 1.8 To change the number of revolutions, it suffices to change the diameter of the pulley described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). Therefore, if the blades of a plurality of sizes and the pulleys of a plurality of sizes are prepared, the above items 1 to 3 can be easily met.

In this embodiment, not only the swing side housing 15 but also the fixed side housing 14 is swingably attached to the vehicle body frame 2. This is because the fixed side housing corresponds to the unevenness of the upper surface of the ridge. The flat blade 10 is swung to prevent the flat blade 10 from being damaged. However, to practice the invention,
There is no problem in fixing the fixed housing 14 to the vehicle body frame 2. The fixing may be bolted or welded, but if bolted, it is convenient that the fixed-side housing 14 can be arbitrarily rocked / non-rocked as required.

[0034]

The present invention has the following effects due to the above configuration. In the mower according to claim 1, the plane blade is surrounded by the first housing, the bevel blade is surrounded by the second housing, and the height dimension of the second housing is made different based on the height dimension of the first housing. It is possible to increase the effective cutting width by combining flat blades and beveled blades, and determine the height dimensions of the first and second housings according to the grass conditions on the top and beveled surfaces that are unique to the area. As a result, it was possible to carry out mowing, and as a result, it was possible to properly distribute the output to the plane blade / slope blade, so effective use of the engine output and
The efficiency of mowing work can be achieved.

Since the height dimension of the second housing is smaller than that of the first housing, the grass mower according to claim 2 is suitable for a ridge with dense grass on the upper surface and rough slope.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the first housing to the plane blade is A and the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the second housing to the bevel blade is B, B = A determined by the equation (0.4 to 0.8) × A,
Since B is adopted, the dimensions of the first and second housings can be easily determined, and the efficiency of design work can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view (main part) of the mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a belt hanging procedure of the mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a rear cross-sectional view of the mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the first and second belts according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a swinging posture of the mower according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a mode of a cutter housing for an example and a comparative example.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between a flat blade and a beveled blade according to the present invention.

[Fig. 10] Cross section of the field ridge

FIG. 11: Cutting action diagram of grass

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Mower, 2 ... Body frame, 3 ... Front wheel, 4 ... Rear wheel,
5 ... rocking tube, 6 ... engine, 7 ... cutter housing, 1
0 ... Plane blade, 11 ... Slope blade, 14 ... 1st housing (fixed side housing), 14a ... Ceiling board, 15 ... 2nd housing (rocking side housing), 15a ... Ceiling board, 16 ... Auxiliary wheel, 31 ... 1st belt, 32 ... 2nd belt, 35 ... 1st pulley, 36 ... 2nd pulley, 37 ... 3rd pulley, 41
... fourth pulley, 42 ... fifth pulley, 43 ... sixth pulley,
50 ... Ridge, 51 ... Top surface, 52 ... Slope, A ... Dimension from ceiling plate lower surface of first housing to flat blade, B ... Dimension of ceiling plate lower surface of second housing to flat blade.

Front page continued (72) Inventor Masato Yamagishi 10-5-20 Kaguraoka, Asahikawa, Hokkaido

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A mower having a plane blade for cutting an upper surface of a ridge and a bevel blade for cutting a slope of a ridge, wherein the plane blade is surrounded by a first housing and the bevel blade is surrounded by a second housing.
The height dimension of the second housing is different based on the height dimension of the first housing. 2. The height dimension of the second housing is smaller than that of the first housing.
The mower mentioned. 3. When the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the first housing to the flat blade is A and the dimension from the lower surface of the ceiling plate of the second housing to the bevel blade is B, B = (0.4
.About.0.8) .times.A, wherein A and B defined by the formula are adopted.