JPH08172555A - Image pickup device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To surely measure a refractive index and to easily correct diopter of a finder by arranging a light receiving optical system and a projecting optical system above and under an optical path of a view optical system so as to obtain diopter information of an observation eye. CONSTITUTION: A luminous flux from an LED infrared ray source 14 passes through the lower side of an optical path 03 comprising a lens 13, a mask 12, a lens 11, a dichroic mirror 8 and an eyepiece lens 10 and a spot luminous flux is projected onto an eyeground (r) from the lowere side of a pupil (p) of an eye (e) of a viewer. Furthermore, a light reflected from the retina (r) of the eye (e) of the viewer reaches the dichroic mirror 8 through the upper side of the optical path 03 comprising the pupil (p) and the eyepiece lens 10, is reflected in a mirror 15 and received by a photoelectric sensor 19 through a lens 16, a mask 17 and a lens 18. Then, the light source 14 and the sensor 19 are provided at a position in conjugatin with a film 5 and a focal face I, and when the retina (r) is in conjugation with the focal face I, the luminous flux reflected in the retina reaches a prescribed position of the sensor 19.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photographing apparatus such as a fundus camera or a general video camera used in an ophthalmic hospital.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a fundus camera, a fundus image is so dark that a diffuser plate cannot be used as a focusing surface of a finder optical system. Therefore, a cross fine line is drawn on the transparent glass surface to form an aerial image at this position, and the diopter correction is performed at a position where the examiner can clearly see the cross fine line. Further, in the conventional video camera, the photographer performs the diopter correction of the finder at a position where the photographer can clearly see the image while observing the image being photographed.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-described conventional fundus camera, in order to perform accurate focusing, the fundus images and the cross fine lines are alternately compared while being adjusted to a position where they are in focus at the same time. However, since the image of the fundus of the eye is so dark that the examiner changes the accommodation state of the eye when looking at it, the photographed image may be out of focus.

In the case of the above-described conventional video camera, the photographer corrects the diopter while looking at the image in the viewfinder, but there is a problem that it is not possible to determine whether or not the subject is actually in focus accurately. is there.

A first object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an image pickup apparatus capable of easily discriminating the appropriateness of the diopter correction of the finder.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a photographing apparatus capable of easily discriminating a change in the adjustment state during photographing.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a photographing apparatus in which the reflected light of the optical system or the cornea does not enter the photoelectric sensor which receives the reflected light of the fundus.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup apparatus capable of surely performing diopter adjustment with a simple structure.

[0009]

A photographing apparatus according to a first aspect of the invention for achieving the above object is a photographing apparatus comprising photographing means and an observation optical system for observing an image to be photographed,
A projection optical system that projects a light beam from one side of the optical axis of the observation optical system onto the fundus of the observation eye, and a reflected light from the fundus of the observation eye is received by the photoelectric sensor from the other side of the optical axis of the observation optical system. And a light receiving optical system, and obtains diopter information of an observation eye from a signal from the photoelectric sensor.

Further, the photographing apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention is a photographing apparatus equipped with photographing means and an observation optical system for observing an image to be photographed, in which a luminous flux is projected onto a fundus of an observing eye and reflected light from the fundus is reflected. It is characterized by further comprising a diopter detection unit that photoelectrically detects the diopter information of the observation eye, and a display unit that displays the diopter information in the visual field of the image.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image pickup device comprising an image pickup means and an observation optical system for observing an image to be picked up, and a light provided between the image display surface and the observation optical system. The photoelectric sensor includes a splitting member, a projection optical system that projects a light flux onto the fundus of the observation eye through the light splitting member, and a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the fundus of the observation eye in a photoelectric sensor. Is used to obtain the diopter information of the observation eye.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image pickup device comprising: an image pickup means for picking up a subject image on an image pickup device; an electronic image display means for displaying the subject image obtained by the image pickup means; It is characterized in that it has an observation optical means with variable diopter for observing the display surface with a magnifying optical system, and a pattern generating means for generating a pattern for diopter adjustment of the observation optical means on the electronic image display means.

[0013]

In the image pickup apparatus of the first invention having the above-mentioned structure, the light flux from the projection optical system is projected onto the fundus of the observation eye from one side of the optical axis of the observation optical system, and the reflected light from the fundus of the observation eye is converted into light. The photoelectric sensor receives light from the other side of the axis to the photoelectric sensor, and the diopter information of the observing eye is obtained from the received light signal.

Further, the photographing apparatus of the second invention projects a light beam on the fundus of the observing eye and photoelectrically detects the reflected light from the fundus, and the diopter detecting means detects the diopter information of the observing eye from the detection signal. The display means displays the diopter information in the visual field of the image captured by the image capturing means.

In the photographing apparatus of the third invention, the light flux from the projection optical system is directed to the fundus of the observing eye through the light splitting member provided between the display surface of the image photographed by the photographing means and the observing optical system. The reflected light from the fundus of the eye is projected and received by the photoelectric sensor of the light receiving optical system, and the diopter information of the observing eye is obtained from the received light signal.

In the image pickup apparatus of the fourth invention, the image of the subject is picked up by the image pickup device of the image pickup means, and the image of the subject is displayed on the electronic image display means. The display surface of the electronic image display means is switched to display the diopter matching pattern generated by the pattern generating means, and the diopter of the observing optical means is varied while observing the diopter adjusting pattern to adjust the diopter. To do.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment applied to a fundus camera. An objective lens 1, a perforated mirror 2, a lens 3, a switching mirror 4 and a film 5 are sequentially arranged on an optical path O1 in front of an eye E to be examined. The lens 6 and the fundus illuminating light source 7 are arranged in the incident direction of the perforated mirror 2. A dichroic mirror 8 that reflects visible light and transmits infrared light is disposed on the optical path O2 in the reflection direction of the switching mirror 4.
In the vicinity of the conjugate position I with the film 5 between the switching mirror 4 and the dichroic mirror 8, two LED light sources 9 for red and green are provided.
a and 9b are arranged.

Optical path of reflection direction of dichroic mirror 8
An eyepiece lens 10 as a finder which the examiner's eye e sees is arranged on O3. In front of the dichroic mirror 8 on the optical path passing below the optical path O3, there are a lens 11, a mask 12, a lens 13, and a dot-shaped LE for measuring diopter or refractive power.
The D infrared light sources 14 are sequentially arranged, and the mirror 1 is provided near the dichroic mirror 8 on the optical path passing above the optical path O3.
5, a lens 16, a mask 17, a lens 18, and a photoelectric sensor 19 including a one-dimensional CCD are sequentially arranged in the optical path O4 in the reflection direction of the mirror 15.

The mask 12 and the mask 17 are the eyepieces 10
And a substantially intermediate position of the cornea c of the examiner's eye e, and has slit-shaped openings 12a and 17a as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively, and the light flux is transmitted through the eyepiece lens 10 and the cornea c. It is designed to separate in the vertical direction of O3. Note that two masks that are conjugate with each other may be used here.

Prior to photographing the fundus image of the eye E to be inspected, the eyepiece lens 10 is moved in the direction of the optical path O3 indicated by the arrow to move the eye E to be inspected.
Adjust to match the diopter of. A light flux from the fundus illuminating light source 7 passes through the lens 6, the perforated mirror 2, and the objective lens 1 and illuminates the fundus R of the eye E to be inspected. The reflected light from the fundus R passes through the objective lens 1, the perforated mirror 2 and the lens 3,
The light is reflected by the switching mirror 4, forms an image on the focus plane I at a conjugate position with the film 5, and this light flux is reflected by the dichroic mirror 8 and reaches the examinee's eye e through the eyepiece 10. The inspector's eye e observes this and presses the shutter when the subject comes into focus, whereby the switching mirror 4 jumps up from the optical path, and at the same time, strobe light (not shown) emits light and the film 5
A fundus image of the eye E is photographed.

The light flux from the LED infrared light source 14 passes under the optical path O3 of the lens 13, the mask 12, the lens 11, the dichroic mirror 8 and the eyepiece lens 10, and from the lower side of the pupil p of the examinee's eye e to the fundus. The spot light flux is projected on r.
The reflected light from the fundus r of the examiner's eye e is the pupil p and the eyepiece lens 1.
It reaches the dichroic mirror 8 through the upper side of the optical path O3 of 0, is reflected by the mirror 15, the lens 16, the mask 17,
The light is received by the photoelectric sensor 19 through the lens 18. Both the light source 14 and the sensor 19 are conjugated to the film 5 and are in focus plane I.
When the fundus r is conjugated to the focus plane I, the fundus reflected light flux reaches a predetermined position of the sensor 19.

The photoelectric sensor 19 detects a position perpendicular to the optical path O4 of the light flux and in the paper surface direction, and a control means (not shown) determines whether or not the fundus r of the examiner's eye e is conjugate with the focus surface I. This determination is made by the images 9a 'and 9b' of the two red and green LED light sources 9a and 9b displayed in the visual field of the fundus image R'as shown in FIG. First, when the light beam is not received by the photoelectric sensor 19, neither of the light sources 9a and 9b is turned on, and when the light is not still in focus at the time of being received, the red LED light source 9a is turned on and the eyepiece lens 10 is turned on. When adjusted and in focus, the green LED light source 9b lights up. Note that a cross fine line may be provided on the focusing surface I as in the conventional example, and the cross thin line may be used together.

FIG. 5 shows the luminous flux at the pupil p of the examiner's eye e, and the incident luminous flux cross section L1 corresponding to the opening 17a of the mask 17.
And is emitted through the outgoing light beam cross section L2 corresponding to the opening 12a of the mask 12. The cross-sections L1 and L2 of both light beams are horizontally long so that the light beams return even when the examiner's eye e moves sideways, and the two are separated so that the corneal reflected light is a photoelectric sensor. This is to prevent the light from entering 19. The light flux is also separated at the position of the eyepiece lens 10, and the surface reflection light is shielded by the mask 17 or the like and the photoelectric sensor 19
Therefore, it does not hinder the diopter measurement.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment applied to a video camera, in which the lens 2 is placed at a position facing the subject S to be photographed.
0 is arranged, and the image means 22 having the image pickup device 21 is arranged behind it. The output of the video means 22 is connected to a signal processing control means 24 having a switching button 23, and further connected to a monitor 25 such as a small image liquid crystal display plate.

On the optical path O5 passing through the center of the monitor 25, two dichroic mirror surfaces 26a, 26 for reflecting infrared light are provided.
A flat prism 26 having b and a magnifying lens 27 that moves on the optical path O5 to make the diopter variable are arranged.

A prism 26 on the optical path passing under the optical path O5
In the incident direction of the surface 26a of the mask 28, the lens 29,
The diopter measurement light sources 30 are arranged in sequence, and the output of the signal processing control means 24 is connected to the light sources 30. Further, in the reflection direction of the surface 26b of the prism 26 on the optical path passing above the optical path O5, the mask 31, the lens 32, and the C for diopter measurement are provided.
Photoelectric sensors 33 such as CDs are sequentially arranged, and the output of the photoelectric sensor 33 is connected to the signal processing control means 24. Here, the light source 30 and the photoelectric sensor 33 are connected to the monitor 25.
Is arranged at a conjugate position with respect to.

The subject S is imaged by the lens 20 on the image sensor 2
1 is imaged, and a video signal is produced by the image means 22.
The image is displayed on the monitor 25. The examiner's eye e observes the monitor 25 with the magnifying lens 27 and moves the lens 27 in the direction of the optical path O5 as shown by the arrow to adjust the diopter.

The light flux from the diopter measuring light source 30 is reflected by the lens 29, the mask 28, and the surface 26a of the prism 26 and travels along the lower optical path of the optical path 01 to reach the lens 27 and the cornea c of the examinee's eye e. The light is projected from the lower side to the fundus r, the reflected light from the fundus r is extracted from the upper side of the cornea c, travels along the upper optical path of the optical path 01, is reflected by the surface 26b of the prism 26, and is reflected by the mask 3
1, the light is received by the photoelectric sensor 33 through the lens 32, and the degree of refraction is measured.

By using the plate-like prism 26 in this manner, it is possible to dispose the lens 27 close to the lens 27, the separation of the light beam is ensured, and the reflected light can be removed. Also, the mask 2
8. The mask 31 has the same shape as the masks 12 and 17 shown in FIGS. Instead of using the CCD as the photoelectric sensor 33, two photodiodes may be provided close to each other on the left and right sides, and it may be determined whether or not they are conjugated by the light quantity ratio.

The signal processing control means 24 has a built-in pattern generator in which diopter matching patterns T1 and T2 as shown in FIG. 7 are stored. The eye 27 of the examiner is the lens 27
When it reaches a predetermined position on the front surface of the
The fundus reflected light of is received. Here, by pressing the switching button 23, the patterns T1 and T2 of FIG.
Is displayed on the monitor 25 for the first time. Then, by moving the lens 27 so that the fundus reflected light comes to a predetermined position of the photoelectric sensor 33, the examiner's eye e can be aligned.

When the diopters do not match, a double-shaped cross pattern T1 shown in FIG. 7 (a) is displayed. The lens 27 is moved to adjust this, and the fundus r and the monitor 2 are moved.
When the position 5 becomes a conjugate position, the computer of the signal processing control means 24 judges the signal of the photoelectric sensor 33, and the cross pattern T1 is a single line cross pattern T2 shown in FIG. 7B.
Therefore, the examiner can determine that the diopter matches. That is, the degree of separation of the cross pattern T1 becomes the degree of defocus. When the diopter adjustment is completed, the switch button 23 is pressed to return the monitor 25 to the original image display of the subject S.

FIG. 8 shows the third embodiment, which is an example of application to a video camera which does not perform objective refraction measurement. An image means 42 having a lens 40 and an image pickup element 41 is arranged at a position facing the subject S, and outputs of the image means 42 and the pattern generator 43 are monitored by a monitor 45 via a changeover switch 44 connected with an operation button or the like. It is connected to the. Monitor 45
A magnifying lens 46 is disposed in front of the center optical path of the.

When the user is almost decided from the beginning,
The changeover switch 44 is connected to the upper position. When the apparatus is powered on, the light flux from the subject S forms an image on the image sensor 41 of the image means 42 via the lens 40, and the monitor 4
An image of the subject S is displayed at 5.

When adjusting the diopter, the changeover switch 44 is connected to the lower position. This allows the monitor 45
The image of the subject S is not displayed on the monitor, and the monitor 45 displays the diopter adjustment pattern T3 generated by the pattern generator 43 as shown in FIG. The inspector uses a magnifying lens 4
Viewing through 6 moves the lens 46 along the optical path for diopter adjustment.

That is, the pattern T3 is made up of double thin lines and the like as shown in FIG. 9, and the examiner's eye e sees this and moves the magnifying lens 46 to a position where the pattern T3 can be clearly seen. Match the degree. After the positions are matched, the changeover switch 44 is connected to the upper position again, and the image of the original subject S is displayed on the monitor 45.

FIG. 10 shows another cross pattern for diopter matching.
T4 and T5 are shown, for example, the background color is black, the cross pattern T4 is red, and the cross pattern T5 is green. Or
The background is divided into two vertically from the center, the left half is red,
The right half may be green and the cross patterns T4 and T5 may be black. When the diopter does not match, the clarity of the cross patterns T4 and T5 differs due to the chromatic aberration of the eyeball.
The two cross patterns T4 and T5 can be observed with the same degree of clarity, and the fundus r of the examiner's eye e and the surface of the monitor 45 are conjugated at the position of the magnifying lens 46 at this time.

[0037]

As described above, in the photographing apparatus according to the first invention, the light receiving optical system and the projection optical system are arranged above and below the optical path of the observation optical system to obtain the diopter information of the observation eye. Since the reflection of the optical system and the cornea of the observation eye can be prevented from entering the photoelectric sensor, the refraction index can be measured reliably and the diopter correction of the viewfinder can be easily performed.

Further, the photographing apparatus of the second invention obtains the diopter information of the observing eye by projecting the light flux and receiving the reflected light and displaying the diopter information in the visual field of the image, thereby observing the observing eye during photographing. It is possible to immediately determine that the degree has changed, and it is possible to surely and easily correct the diopter of the finder.

In the image pickup apparatus of the third invention, the light source and the photoelectric sensor are fixed and the eyepiece lens is fixed by projecting and receiving light through the light splitting member to obtain the diopter information of the observing eye. Since the diopter measurement can be performed with a simple configuration that only moves the eyepiece and the interval to the eyepiece point can be the same as the conventional one, it can be easily operated even by the eyeglass wearer.

In the image pickup apparatus of the fourth invention, the diopter matching pattern generated from the pattern generating means is displayed on the display surface of the electronic image display means, and the diopter of the observing eye is observed by the observing optical means while observing the display surface. By performing the adjustment, it is possible to surely and easily adjust the diopter with a simple configuration.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of two-color light source images on a fundus image.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a projection-side mask.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a light-receiving side mask.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a viewfinder field.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of patterns.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of patterns.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of patterns.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Perforated mirror 4 Switching mirror 5 Film 7, 9, 14, 30 Light source 12, 17, 28, 31 Mask 19, 33 Photoelectric sensor 22, 42 Video means 24 Signal processing control means 25, 45 Monitor 26 Prism 43 Pattern generator

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A projection optical system for projecting a light flux onto a fundus of an observation eye from one side of an optical axis of the observation optical system in a photographing apparatus provided with a photographing means and an observation optical system for observing an image to be photographed. And a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the fundus of the observation eye from the other side of the optical axis of the observation optical system to a photoelectric sensor, and obtains diopter information of the observation eye by a signal from the photoelectric sensor. Imaging device characterized by. 2. An image pickup apparatus comprising an image pickup means and an observation optical system for observing an image to be picked up, wherein a luminous flux is projected on a fundus of the observation eye and photoelectrically reflected light from the fundus is photoelectrically detected. An image pickup apparatus comprising: a diopter detection unit that obtains diopter information; and a display unit that displays the diopter information in the visual field of the image. 3. A light splitting member provided between a display surface of the image and the observation optical system, and a light splitting device comprising: an image pickup device having an image pickup means and an observation optical system for observing the image to be picked up. A projection optical system for projecting a light flux onto the fundus of the observation eye through the member, and a light receiving optical system for receiving reflected light from the fundus of the observation eye to a photoelectric sensor, and the observation eye of the observation eye by a signal of the photoelectric sensor. An imaging device characterized by obtaining diopter information. 4. An image pickup means for picking up a subject image on an image pickup device, an electronic image display means for displaying the subject image obtained by the image pickup means, and a display surface of the electronic image display means by a magnifying optical system. An image pickup apparatus comprising: an observation optical unit having a variable diopter for observation; and a pattern generation unit for generating a pattern for adjusting the diopter of the observation optical unit on the electronic image display unit.