JPH08163938A - Fish preserve for towing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To stabilize the floating conditions of a boat-shaped float without influence of the floating condition of the fish preserver, thus to lift up the preserver higher from the water surface to reduce the underwater proportion and increase the towing speed. CONSTITUTION: The main body 1 of fish preserver which receives the living fishes captured in the fishing ground, then is towed to the fishing port is surrounded with boat-shaped floats 2 and freely moves up and down. The tube float 3 is uniformly extended at the bottom of the preserver body and expanded and shrunk by feeding or exhausting air whereby the floating force varies by inhalation and exhalation of the air to sink or float up the preserver 1. Even in the case that the preserver body 1 floats or sinks, the position of the gravity center of the boat-shaped float 2 is invariable. The fish preserver 1 and the boat-shaped float 2 are all formed with FRP.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fishing cage for live fish surrounded by a fishing net, caught in a swimming state, and floated on the water from a fishing ground to a port while being stored in the swimming state. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following methods have been used to transport fish caught by fisheries to a port.

(1) A search ship collects fish using an underwater light or the like.

(2) The ship encloses a school of fish while casting and turning a net.

(3) Squeeze the enclosed net into a purse-like shape.

(4) A carrier is horizontally attached, scooping fish from the enclosed net with a taro, and loaded in a fish tank containing ice water prepared in the carrier or a cage.

However, in such a transportation method,
When scooping a school of fish with taro, it is difficult to transport the fish in the same condition as live fish, even if the school of fish is released to the cage because the fish rub against each other and the fish are easily damaged by the net. Moreover, the freshness of fish meat held in a fish tank containing ice water is far below that of live fish. Furthermore, consumer preferences in recent years have tended to demand fish meat with higher freshness.

[0008] Therefore, according to the taste of the consumer, the captured fish are transported in a living state, and as live fish,
Alternatively, methods that enable consumers to deliver freshness close to that of live fish are beginning to be adopted.

[0009] For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-88934, a large amount of live fish caught by a fish net can be driven into the cage under the sea, and a structure for reducing the resistance of water can be used to transport the cage together with the cage. A tow cage that can be towed to is disclosed. On the side of the cage,
There is a door that slides up and down to open and close the intake of the school of fish. At the upper end of the door, the float attached to the mouth of the fishnet squeezed into a purse-like shape can be fixed. As a result, the door and the mouth of the fish net slide together, allowing the fish to be driven from the fish net into the cage at the same time when the intake is opened.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4830/1992, a float-sink type is provided in which a mechanism is provided that allows live fish to be floated on the cage for the purpose disclosed in the above-mentioned publication without inserting live fish and sink when live fish is inserted. A tow cage is disclosed.

The structure of this floating and sinking type tow cage will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. Boat-shaped cage main body 51
The main skeleton is formed of an iron pipe, both side surfaces on the bow side are covered with the water blocking plates 52, and the bottom surface and each side surface on the stern side are covered with the wire mesh 53. In addition, the cage main body 51
A fixed air chamber float 54 in which a gas is enclosed is attached to the upper side surface of the, and a respiratory air chamber float 55 capable of adjusting the magnitude of buoyancy by taking water and air in and out is attached to the lower side surface. It is installed. Further, a navigation hook 56 is formed at the front end.

Thus, when the cage is quickly transported from the harbor to the fishing ground, air is introduced into the breathing air chamber float 55 to reduce the total weight and to reduce the portion sinking below the water surface w _1. It reduces the resistance of the cage and enables high-speed navigation of cages. On the other hand, when the fish arrives at the fishing ground, water is introduced into the respiratory air chamber float 55 to increase the total weight, and most of the cage main body 51 is sunk below the water surface w ₂ . After that, if the door 57 is slid upward, the school of fish can be driven into the cage main body 51 from the fish net. In this way, the group of fish caught in the cage main body 51 is transported to the port in a free swimming state while being protected from the forced water flow due to navigation by the water shield plate 52.

In addition to the above, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a steel cage that has a double wall structure of steel plate and has a cage main body 61 formed in an octagonal boat shape, and the inside of the double wall has a hollow portion 62. It has been put to practical use. This steel cage moves up and down between the water surface w ₃ and the water surface w ₄ by taking seawater in and out of the hollow portion 62. Such a method is called a seawater ballast pouring / draining method. In addition, on the bottom surface of the cage main body 61, communication portions 63 are formed at a plurality of locations, and the cavity portion 62
When introducing the seawater into the cage, the seawater also enters the cage through the communication part 63. In other words, in a state in which the fish preserve the body 61 sank up to the water surface w _4, which is water in the pens also the water surface w ₄ the same level.

[0014]

However, in the configuration of the float-sink type towing cage disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4830/1992, air is introduced into the respiratory air chamber float 55 so that the above-water portion of the cage main body 51 is exposed. However, if the position of the center of gravity of the cage main body 51 is increased, the stability will deteriorate. This is the respiratory air chamber float 5 that supports the cage main body 51.
Since 5 is fixed to the cage main body 51, the cage main body 51
This is because the force of swinging by the wave is applied to the respiratory air chamber float 55, and the respiratory air chamber float 55 cannot obtain a stable floating state.

The lower the mounting position of the respiratory air chamber float 55 with respect to the cage main body 51, the lower the stability becomes, so that the mounting position of the respiratory air chamber float 55 is limited. That is, there is a limit to reducing the resistance received from water by reducing the portion of the cage main body 51 below the water surface. This imposes restrictions on the transportation speed when transporting the cage main body 51 from the port to the fishing ground.

Further, even in the above-mentioned steel cage, it is difficult to obtain a stable floating state for the same reason as the above because the whole cage main body 61 is lifted and lowered. Further, since the cage main body 61 is excessively heavy, it is necessary to pay close attention to the pouring and draining of the hollow portion 62, and the stability and operability are poor. The towing speed of a practical steel cage when it floats is as slow as about 2 to 3 knots, and it is not possible to move the cage from the port to the fishing ground promptly.

By the way, in order to change the buoyancy, it is conceivable to adopt a so-called solid buoyant body vertical operation system in which the float is moved up and down on the side surface of the main body, but in this system, the number of mechanical mechanisms increases and hydraulic drive There are problems that the probability of failure of the mechanism and the like increases, and that the cost of the mechanical mechanism increases because the size of the mechanical mechanism increases.

An object of the present invention is to provide a floating and floating navigation cage which can float and sink the cage main body with a simple mechanism and can obtain a stable floating state.

[0019]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a navigation cage according to the invention of claim 1 is provided with an aquarium main body in which an intake port for live fish is formed, and which floats and sinks by varying the buoyancy received from water. A buoyant body (for example, a boat-shaped float) having a shape surrounding the cage main body and guiding the outer surface of the cage main body so that the cage main body can freely move up and down by floating and sinking.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a navigation cage according to a second aspect of the present invention has, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, a variable float (for example, a variable float that expands and contracts due to air supply and exhaust). Rubber tube float)
Is provided in the vicinity of the bottom of the cage main body and at a position where the fluctuation of buoyancy is evenly applied to the cage main body.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the navigation cage according to the invention of claim 3 is, in addition to the constitution of claim 1 or 2, part or all of the cage main body and the buoyant body are reinforced with glass fiber. It is characterized by being formed of plastic (FRP).

[0022]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the up-and-down movement of the cage main body that floats the live fish is guided by the buoyant body surrounding the cage main body. Moreover, the vertical movement of the cage body is independent of the buoyancy body. Therefore, even if the cage body swings due to the waves, the momentum due to the swinging of the cage body is unlikely to be applied to the buoyancy body. Further, even if the cage body floats or sinks, the center of gravity of the buoyancy body itself does not always change, so the floating state of the buoyancy body can be kept stable regardless of whether the cage body floats or sinks. As a result, the floating and sinking of the cage body guided by the buoyancy body is also stabilized.

As described above, since the floating state of the buoyancy body can be kept stable regardless of the floating or sinking of the cage main body, it is possible to raise the cage main body to a high position. As a result, the underwater portion of the cage main body can be reduced, so that the resistance of water can be reduced and the cage main body can be made to navigate more quickly than before.

According to the structure of claim 2, by supplying air to the variable float to expand it, the buoyancy received by the main cage body from water is increased, and by discharging the variable float and contracting it, the buoyancy received by the main cage body is increased. Can be reduced. Since the variable float is provided in the vicinity of the bottom of the cage main body, it is convenient for the variable float to float to a high position without interference between the variable float and the buoyancy body. Also,
Since the variable float is provided at a position where the fluctuation of the buoyancy force is evenly applied to the cage main body, the floating and sinking posture of the cage main body is stabilized.

Further, since the variable float can be formed of an inexpensive material such as rubber, the variable buoyancy mechanism can be constructed at low cost.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, part or all of the cage main body and the buoyant body are formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic, so compared with the case where the navigation cage is formed of a material such as metal having a large specific gravity. The weight of the navigation cage can be reduced and sufficient strength can be obtained. The lighter weight of the navigation cage contributes to higher navigation speed and reduced scale of the buoyancy variable mechanism.

[0027]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following will describe one embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS.

The navigation cage of this embodiment is shown in FIGS.
As shown in Fig. 2, a cage main body 1 for accommodating a group of fish caught in a fishing ground in a swimming state, and a boat-shaped float 2 formed in a so-called catamaran shape so as to surround three sides of the front and side surfaces of the cage main body 1. A plurality of rubber tube floats 3 are attached to the outer bottom surface of the cage main body 1.

The cage main body 1 is a glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP; Fiberglass Reinf) which is a material excellent in weight saving while having high strength against external force.
orced plastics). However, although it may be formed of a metal as in the conventional case, the metal is not suitable for upsizing due to its weight. As shown in FIG. 2, both side surfaces of the cage main body 1 parallel to the longitudinal direction are bent to the front portion of the cage main body 1 so as to narrow the mutual distance. Therefore, the front part of the cage main body 1 has a three-sided structure including a front end face and two front end side faces.

As shown in FIG. 1, a mesh front gate 1a is provided on the front end face or the two front end side faces, and when the fish cage main body 1 sinks, water gradually flows from the front gate 1a. It is designed to flow in. Also,
As shown in FIG. 3, a live fish intake is formed on the rear surface of the cage main body 1, and a mesh rear gate 1b that slides up and down is provided.

For example, the rear gate 1b is constructed so that when it is slid up, the inlet for live fish is covered with a mesh screen, and when it is slid down, the inlet for live fish is opened. By doing this, when the fish school is caught and driven from the purse-stringed fish net into the cage 1, if the mouth of the purse-stringed fish net is attached to the rear gate 1b, the rear gate 1b slides down. By this operation, the operation of opening the live fish intake and the operation of bringing the mouth of the fish net along the live fish intake can be performed at the same time.

The front gate 1a and the rear gate 1
The roughness of the mesh of b can be determined in consideration of two conditions, that is, the inflow velocity of water and the fact that the mesh is not clogged with fish or the like. Further, an opening / closing plate that slides for the purpose of adjusting the inflow amount of water may be provided in the front gate 1a. Further, a plurality of slits may be adopted instead of the mesh of the front gate 1a and the rear gate 1b. In this case, there is an advantage that the slit of the front gate 1a which does not need to be movable can be formed integrally with the cage main body 1 by FRP.

Next, the boat-shaped float 2 may be formed of FRP as in the case of the cage main body 1 or may be formed of metal. As shown in FIG. 3, the rear ends 2a and 2b of the catamaran of the boat float 2 are fixed to each other by a connecting plate 4, and the boat body 2 and the connecting plate 4 surround the cage main body 1. As a result, the cage main body 1
Does not separate from the hull float 2 even if it freely moves up and down with respect to the hull float 2 while floating on the water surface.

However, in order to further stabilize the vertical movement of the cage main body 1 and the boat-shaped float 2, the boat-shaped float 2
A configuration may be provided in which the vertical movement of the is reliably guided to the outer side surface of the cage main body 1. As an example, as shown in FIG. 5, a locking rod 8 whose tip extends in the shape of a hook into the water is fixed to the upper end of the side wall of the cage main body 1, and a guide hole 2c is formed so as to vertically penetrate the boat-shaped float 2. The locking rod 8 may be fitted into the guide hole 2c. In this case, if the locking rods 8 and the guide holes 2c are symmetrically arranged at a plurality of positions, the vertical movement of the boat float 2 will be more stable. In addition, the boat-shaped float 2 has a guide hole 2
Instead of molding c, a guide ring (not shown) that guides the locking rod 8 may be attached to the side surface of the boat float 2.

Note that mooring bits 6 used for mooring the boat-shaped float 2 to a jetty or the like project from the front and the rear of the boat-shaped float 2, and are towed by a carrier ship on both sides of the bow of the boat-shaped float 2. Towing ring 5 used when
Is provided. However, in the present embodiment, the boat-shaped float 2 is configured to be towed by the carrier ship, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a method of pushing it by the carrier ship may be adopted. In addition, a fender that protects the boat-shaped float 2 from hitting is provided in a belt-like shape along the longitudinal direction of the boat-shaped float 2 at upper portions of both side surfaces of the boat-shaped float 2. Further, the upper side surface of the boat-shaped float 2 serves as a passage for the worker to walk. Therefore, it is also possible to provide a handrail or the like on the upper surface of the side portion so as to have a structure in consideration of work safety.

Next, since the tube float 3 is formed of a flexible material such as rubber, its expanded shape changes depending on the amount of air supplied and exhausted. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, for example, six tube floats 3 are provided in the cage main body 1
It is attached to the outer bottom surface of the cage main body 1 symmetrically with respect to the center line along the longitudinal direction. Tube float 3
Are symmetrically arranged, the cage main body 1 can receive the fluctuation of the buoyancy evenly, and the floating and sinking posture of the cage main body 1 becomes stable.

In order to levitate the cage main body 1 to a high position, it is most preferable to attach the tube float 3 to the bottom surface of the cage main body 1 as in the present embodiment in order to avoid interference with the boat type float 2. . However, the mounting position of the tube float 3 is not limited to this, and the point is that it is a position in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the cage main body 1 as long as the fluctuation of the buoyancy can be uniformly applied to the cage main body 1. Good.

On the outer bottom surface of the cage main body 1, there is formed a protector 1c which expands downward in a semi-cylindrical shape, and each tube float 3 is attached to the inner surface of the semi-cylinder of the protector 1c. The protector 1c not only stabilizes the attachment of the tube float 3 but also facilitates the downward expansion of the tube float 3 and reduces the resistance that the deflated tube float 3 receives from water when the cage main body 1 is navigated. Have a role.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of thin tubes 9 are connected to each tube float 3, and the plurality of thin tubes 9 are collected in a collecting pipe 11 equipped with a pressure adjusting valve 10. The collecting pipe 11 is connected to a compressor that delivers compressed air. Air supply and exhaust to each tube float 3 are simultaneously performed by such piping. However, air supply and exhaust to each tube float 3 may be made independent, and the floating / sinking posture of the cage main body 1 may be controlled by supply / exhaust to each tube float 3.

In the above structure, when the empty cage main body 1 is made to travel from the port to the fishing ground by the carrier, compressed air is sent from each compressor to each tube float 3 via the collecting pipe 11 and the narrow pipe 9. Since the tube floats 3 are simultaneously supplied with air, they expand at substantially the same speed.
As a result, the buoyancy that the bottom of the cage main body 1 receives from water is
Since the tube floats 3 increase uniformly as they expand, the cage main body 1 gradually floats while maintaining stability.

1 and 4 show each tube float 3
Shows that the cage body 1 is completely inflated and the cage main body 1 has floated to the highest position. When the cage main body 1 floats to the highest position, it is desirable that the inner bottom surface of the cage main body 1 be located above the water surface. As a result, the drainage from the cage main body 1 is completed, and the generation of algae in the cage main body 1 is suppressed,
It is possible to prevent live fish from being contaminated due to spoilage of algae.

Further, the total volume of each tube float 3 in a completely inflated state is the cage main body 1, the boat type float 2,
And the total weight of the navigation cage composed of the tube float 3 and the like. That is, the above total volume is defined as a value that generates buoyancy capable of levitating the navigation cage until the inner bottom surface of the cage body 1 is located slightly above the water surface.

Further, as described with reference to FIG. 5, if the cage main body 1 and the boat type float 2 are configured to be locked to each other, the cage main body 1 floats to the highest position,
Even if the cage main body 1 and the boat-shaped float 2 are freely swung by waves, the possibility of separation from each other can be eliminated as much as possible.

When the cage main body 1 floats up to the highest position, the portion of the cage main body 1 below the surface of water is extremely small, and the resistance received by the cage main body 1 from water can be reduced to a minimum. The empty cage body 1 can be swiftly sailed from the port to the fishing ground. As a result, unlike the conventional steel cage, the arrival at the fishing ground is delayed due to the slow towing speed, and the situation in which the main vessel that has caught the fish school is put on standby unnecessarily does not occur.

Further, what is important here is the cage body 1
While the outer surface of the container is guided by the boat-shaped float 2, the cage main body 1 can freely move up and down independently of the boat-shaped float 2. As a result, the center of gravity of the boat float 2 is always near the water surface, and the momentum of the swinging cage main body 1 is less likely to be added to the boat float 2, so that the boat float 2 itself always obtains a stable floating state. You can
After all, since the floating state of the boat float 2 is stable, the floating state of the cage main body 1 surrounded by the boat float 2 is also stable. If the boat-shaped float 2 and the cage main body 1 are locked to each other, the floating state of the cage main body 1 is further stabilized. It is due to this feature that the navigation cage according to the present invention can be floated high until the inner bottom surface of the cage main body 1 is located above the water surface.

On the other hand, when the navigation cage arrives at the fishing ground, the air in the tube float 3 becomes thin pipe 9 and collecting pipe 11.
Exhausted through. Since the tube floats 3 are exhausted at the same time, the buoyancy of the tube floats 3 from water is reduced evenly. Thereby, the cage main body 1 is gradually settled while maintaining a stable state. 3 and 7 show that each tube float 3 is completely exhausted,
It shows a state where the cage main body 1 is settled to the lowest position.

When the cage main body 1 sinks, the front gate 1
Water gradually penetrates into the cage main body 1 through the mesh of a and the rear gate 1b or the slit. Therefore,
The water level in the cage main body 1 and the water surface on which the cage main body 1 floats are maintained at substantially the same level.

With the main cage body 1 settling to the lowermost position, the fish cage is horizontally attached to the main vessel that has caught the fish, and the mouth of the fish net squeezed into a purse-like shape is connected to the rear gate 1b. When the rear gate 1b is slid downward, the mouth of the fish net is lowered together with the rear gate 1b, and the live fish inlet is opened.
In this state, the fish net can be driven into the cage main body 1 by rolling up the fish net on the ship side. Finally, by returning the rear gate 1b to the upper position and removing the fish net, the work of transferring the school of fish from the fish net to the cage main body 1 in a swimming state is completed without damaging or weakening the fish body.

In this way, the carrier can sail the fish cage body 1 and the hull-shaped float 2 together while leaving the fish in the cage fish body 1 which has been settled to the lowest position, and return to the port. At this time, water flows in and out through the meshes or slits of the front gate 1a and the rear gate 1b, so that the water in the cage main body 1 is appropriately replaced. Therefore, the school of fish swimming in the cage main body 1 is not placed in an oxygen-deficient state.

In the above embodiments, the structure in which the magnitude of the buoyancy received by water from the cage main body 1 is made variable by supplying and exhausting the tube float 3 attached to the bottom of the cage main body 1 has been described. It can also be widely applied to a cage main body equipped with a variable buoyancy mechanism.

For example, FIG. 8 shows a case where the magnitude of buoyancy received by the cage main body 12 from water is variable by the seawater ballast pouring / draining method. The configuration of the boat-shaped float 2 and the configuration in which the boat-shaped float 2 moves up and down along the side surface of the cage main body 12 have already been described.

The side wall and the bottom wall of the cage main body 12 have a double wall structure, and the inside is a cavity 13. Cavity 13
On the other hand, since the weight of the cage main body 12 is increased by forcibly injecting seawater using a pump or the like, the cage main body 1
2 gradually settles according to the amount of water injected. At this time, since a plurality of communication holes 14 in which meshes are attached so that water can freely flow in and out are formed in the bottom wall of the cage main body 12, seawater is discharged from the communication holes 14 together with the sedimentation of the cage main body 12. Flows in. Therefore, the water level in the cage main body 12 and the water surface outside are always at substantially the same level. Also,
When it is desired to float the sedimented cage main body 12, water can be expelled from the cavity 13 by sending compressed air into the cavity 13 using a compressor or the like.

[0053]

As described above, the navigation cage according to the first aspect of the present invention has the cage main body in which the live fish intake port is formed and which floats and sinks due to the variable buoyancy received from water, and the shape surrounding the cage main body. However, a buoyant body that guides the outer surface of the cage body is provided so that the cage body can move up and down freely by floating and sinking.

Therefore, since the center of gravity of the buoyancy body itself does not always change even if the cage body floats up and down, the floating state of the buoyancy body and the floating state of the cage body can be stabilized. Further, as a result, the cage main body can be raised to a high position, and the portion under the water surface of the cage main body can be reduced, so that the cage main body can be swiftly sailed.

As described above, the navigation cage according to the invention of claim 2 has, in addition to the configuration of claim 1, a variable float that expands and contracts due to air supply and exhaust, near the bottom of the cage main body, and , Is provided at a position where the fluctuation of buoyancy is evenly applied to the cage main body.

Therefore, since the variable float is provided in the vicinity of the bottom of the cage body, the variable float can float up to a high position, and the variable float evenly changes the buoyancy of the cage body. Since it is installed at the position, the floating and sinking posture of the cage body is stabilized. Further, since the variable float can be formed of an inexpensive material such as rubber, the effect that the buoyancy variable mechanism can be configured at low cost is also achieved in addition to the effect of claim 1.

As described above, in the navigation cage according to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the constitution of claim 1 or 2, a part or all of the cage main body and the buoyancy body are formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic. It has a structure.

Therefore, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or 2, the weight of the navigation cage can be reduced, and the navigation speed can be increased and the buoyancy variable mechanism can be reduced in scale.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where a cage main body of a navigation cage according to the present invention is floated.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the outer appearance of the upper surface of the navigation cage.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the cage main body is settled from the rear surface side.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the cage main body floats from the rear surface side.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example in which the cage main body is locked to a boat type float.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a supply / exhaust path for the tube float.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state in which the cage main body is settled.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the cage main body.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing the appearance of a conventional floating and sinking type cage for navigation.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing another conventional floating and sinking type cage for navigation.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an inner wall contour of the floating and sinking type sail cage of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 cage main body 2 hull type float (buoyancy body) 3 tube float (variable float) 12 cage main body

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fish cage main body having an intake port for live fish and having a shape that surrounds the cage body that floats and sinks by varying the buoyancy received from water, and the cage body moves up and down freely by the sinking and sinking movement. And a buoyant body that guides the outer surface of the ship. 2. A variable float, which expands and contracts due to air supply and exhaust, is provided in the vicinity of the bottom of the cage main body and at a position where the fluctuation of buoyancy is evenly applied to the cage main body. The cage for navigation described in 1. 3. The navigation cage according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the cage main body and the buoyant body are formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic.