JPH08159603A - Regenerator in absorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a regenerator of a heat absorption type refrigerator which is capable of feeding a uniform solution and taking out vapor gas with high efficiency and enhancing heat transfer efficiency. CONSTITUTION: Heat transfer plates 32 into which vapor is allowed to flow, are laid out in parallel to each other for every definite spacing. A diffusion plate 35, which is designed to spray uniformly a concentrated ammonia solution from a solution spray nozzle is installed to the top of the heat transfer plates 32 where a large number of diffusion holes 37 are bored on the diffusion plate 35 and a waveshaped cross section is formed. With this construction, the solution is arranged to flow down uniformly from the valleys of the diffusion plate so that the generated ammonia gas may be discharged upward by way of the diffusion holes at the valleys.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a regenerator for an absorption refrigerator using an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorption liquid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an absorption type refrigerator using an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorbing liquid, for example, JP-A-61-2 is known.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 11673, and this absorption refrigerator includes an evaporator for evaporating ammonia, an absorber for absorbing the ammonia gas evaporated by the evaporator into an aqueous ammonia solution, and this absorber. The regenerator that heats the aqueous ammonia solution that has absorbed ammonia to obtain ammonia gas, the rectification column for removing the moisture associated with the ammonia gas obtained by this regenerator, and the ammonia gas from this rectification column And a condenser for condensing the.

By the way, the heat exchange structure provided in the regenerator is a shell-and-tube type as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, and the upper tube sheet 5 is provided in the regeneration container 51 at a predetermined interval.
2 and the lower tube plate 53 are attached, and a large number of heat transfer tubes 54 are provided between the upper and lower tube plates 52, 53 at a square pitch.
A heating fluid pipe 55 is connected between the upper and lower tube plates 52 and 53, and a concentrated ammonia aqueous solution transfer pipe 56 is connected to the upper space of the upper tube plate 52 to form a liquid pool 57 on the upper tube plate 52. ing. Then, the concentrated ammonia solution in the liquid pool 57 is projected onto the upper tube sheet 52.
By flowing down from the slit 54a into the heat transfer tube 54, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution is heated by the heating fluid via the heat transfer tube 54, and the ammonia gas is evaporated. Further, the evaporated ammonia gas is sent from the heat transfer tube 54 to the ammonia gas transfer tube 58 through the upper space. In the lower space below the lower tube plate 53, a diluted ammonia gas transfer pipe 59 for sending the diluted ammonia aqueous solution after ammonia gas evaporation to the regenerator is connected.

[0004]

In the above shell-and-tube type, the efficiency of filling the heat transfer tube is poor, and in order to obtain a predetermined heat transfer amount, the solution holding amount becomes large, and when handling a toxic ammonia solution. In addition to the above problems, the size of the main body is increased and the average dispersion efficiency of the aqueous ammonia solution on the heat transfer surface is poor.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and allows the solution to be uniformly supplied to the heat transfer surface, and also allows evaporative gas to be taken out efficiently, has a high heat transfer efficiency, can be constructed compactly, and has a small amount of solution retained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a regenerator for an absorption refrigerator.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, a rectification column and a condenser, and uses ammonia as a refrigerant and ammonia as an absorbing liquid. In a regenerator of an absorption chiller that uses water, the regenerator is a plate type in which a plurality of vertically oriented heat transfer plates to which a heating fluid is supplied are arranged in parallel at regular intervals, or these regenerators are used. It is composed of a plate-fin type heat exchange section in which fins are provided between heat plates, and a solution nozzle for spraying the solution downward is arranged above the plate, and a large number of nozzles are provided between the solution nozzle and the heat transfer plate. And the dispersion plate formed in a corrugated or sawtooth-shaped concave-convex section is arranged.

In the above structure, the dispersion plate is arranged so that the peaks and valleys of the uneven cross section are along the width direction of the heat transfer plate, and the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is set to the solution fluid of the heat transfer plate. It is formed so that at least the peaks and the valleys are located above the width of the passage.

Further, in the above structure, the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is made the same as the arrangement pitch of the heat transfer plates, and the troughs of the uneven cross section are along and approach the upper edge of one surface of the heat transfer plate. It is arranged at the position where

In a further structure, the dispersion plate is formed at a pitch such that adjacent valleys are close to the upper edges of both surfaces of the heat transfer plate, and the valleys are close to and along the upper edges of the heat transfer plate. It is arranged in a position.

Furthermore, in the above construction, a plurality of dispersion plates are laminated in a direction in which the valleys are orthogonal to each other.

[0011]

According to the above construction, since the heat exchange section of the regenerator has the plate type or plate fin type structure, the heat transfer area per unit volume is much larger than that of the shell and tube type. The heat exchange portion can be made wide, and the capacity of the aqueous ammonia solution having an irritating odor can be significantly reduced. In addition, the dispersion plate having an uneven cross section can supply the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution sprayed from the solution nozzle to the heat transfer plate uniformly through the dispersion holes in the valley part, and the ammonia gas heated and evaporated by the heat transfer plate to the mountain part. It is possible to pass the gas through the dispersion holes upward and discharge it, and it is possible to uniformly disperse the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and discharge the ammonia gas with an extremely simple structure, and it is possible to further improve the thermal efficiency.

Further, since the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is formed so that at least the peaks and the valleys are located above the width of the solution fluid passage of the heat transfer plate, the concentrated droplets are dropped into the solution fluid passage. The aqueous ammonia solution can be uniformly dispersed, and the ammonia gas can be reliably discharged upward.

Further, by arranging the valley portion of the dispersion plate having the uneven cross section close to the upper end portion of the surface of the heat transfer plate, the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution can be effectively dispersed and flown down to the surface of the heat transfer plate. Therefore, the heating efficiency of the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution can be improved.

Furthermore, by laminating dispersion plates, more uniform dispersion can be achieved.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 shows an evaporator 2, an absorber 3, a regenerator 4,
A schematic configuration of an ammonia absorption refrigerator (hereinafter, simply referred to as absorption refrigerator) 1 that includes a rectification column 5 and a condenser 6 and uses ammonia as a refrigerant and an aqueous ammonia solution as an absorption liquid is shown. The schematic refrigerating cycle will be described.

Ammonia liquid as a refrigerant supplied from the condenser 6 through the ammonia liquid transfer pipe 15 serves as an evaporator 2.
Where it is depressurized and evaporated. At this time, the cooled fluid supply pipe 21 draws heat from the cooled fluid (brine) supplied to the heat exchange section in the evaporator 2 to cool the cooled fluid.

The ammonia gas generated in the evaporator 2 is passed through the first ammonia gas transfer pipe 11 to the absorber 3
It enters the inside, where it is absorbed by the dilute aqueous ammonia solution and generates heat. This heat is cooled by the cooling water supplied through the cooling fluid supply pipe 23.

Next, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution whose concentration has been increased by absorbing the ammonia gas in the absorber 3 is sent to the regenerator 4 through the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution transfer pipe 12,
Here, the ammonia is evaporated by being heated by the steam supplied through the heating fluid supply pipe 22. That is,
Ammonia is separated from the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution for regeneration.

The ammonia gas separated in the regenerator 4 enters the rectification column 5 through the second ammonia gas transfer pipe 13, where a part of the ammonia liquid already condensed in the condenser 6 is returned to the ammonia liquid. The water introduced through the pipe 16 is brought into contact with the ammonia gas, and the water contained in the ammonia gas is removed along with the ammonia liquid.

The ammonia gas from which this water has been removed is
Condensation is performed by being cooled by the cooling water that has been sent to the condenser 6 via the third ammonia gas transfer pipe 14 and has passed through the absorber 3 via the cooling fluid supply pipe 23.

Then, the condensed ammonia liquid gives its heat to the ammonia gas in the first ammonia gas transfer pipe 11 through the ammonia liquid transfer pipe 15 in the second heat exchanger 8, and then in the evaporator 2. Is supplied to. In FIG. 4, 7
The ammonia is evaporated in the regenerator 4 and becomes thin, and the heat of the diluted ammonia aqueous solution sent to the absorber 3 via the diluted ammonia aqueous solution transfer pipe 17 is given to the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution side of the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution transfer pipe 12. Heat exchanger (liquid-liquid heat exchanger) A second heat exchanger (liquid-gas heat exchanger) provided between the ammonia gas transfer pipe 11 and the ammonia liquid transfer pipe 15. The above absorption cycle is continuously performed to cool the fluid to be cooled.

Next, the heat exchange section 31 of the regenerator 4 will be described. As the heat exchange section 31 provided in the regeneration container 30, for example, a plate fin type is used. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of heat transfer plates 32 to which the steam supplied by the heating fluid supply pipe 22 is sent to the internal heating fluid passage 32a are vertically arranged at a constant pitch P.
1 are arranged in parallel. And the heat transfer plate 32
The corrugated fins 3 are provided in the solution fluid passage 33 formed therebetween.
4 are arranged. In this fin 34, a small fin 34a having a narrow width makes the wave bending direction horizontal.
The small fins 34a adjacent to each other are attached with their phases shifted so that the peaks and troughs are displaced. The fins 34 may be provided in the heating fluid passage 32a in the heat transfer plate 32.

A corrugated dispersion plate 35 is installed above the heat transfer plates 32, and a solution spray nozzle 36 connected to the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution transfer pipe 12 is installed above the corrugated dispersion plate 35. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dispersion plate 35 is a perforated plate in which a large number of dispersion holes 37 are formed at regular intervals and has a corrugated shape at the same pitch P2 as the arrangement pitch P1 of the heat transfer plates 32. It is formed and configured, and the valley portion 35 a is fixed to a position approaching along the opening edge of the solution fluid passage 33, that is, one end edge of the heat transfer plate 32.

In the above structure, when the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution sent from the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution transfer pipe 12 is sprayed from the solution spraying nozzle 36 onto the dispersion plate 35, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution is formed in the valley portion 35a of the dispersion plate 35. From the dispersion holes 37, the solution flows uniformly along the side surface of the heat transfer plate 32 into the solution fluid passage 33. Then, the concentrated ammonia solution is heated by the steam sent from the heating fluid supply pipe 22 to the heating fluid passage 32a in the heat transfer plate 32 to generate ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas flows backward through the solution fluid passage 33. Rises, and the mountain portion 3 of the dispersion plate 35
It is sent out from the upper space of the regeneration container 30 to the second ammonia gas transfer pipe 13 through the dispersion holes 37 formed in 5b.

According to the above structure, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution can be uniformly dispersed and supplied to the heat transfer plate 32 with a simple structure in which the dispersion plate 35 in which the corrugated perforated plate is formed is arranged, and the ammonia gas can be supplied. Can be reliably discharged.

The heat exchange section 31 may be a plate type without fins. FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment in which the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate of the first embodiment is changed. That is, the dispersion plate 41 is formed and arranged so that the adjacent valley portions 41 a approach along both opening edges of the solution fluid passage 33, that is, both end edges of the heat transfer plate 32. The pitch P3 between them is set to be different from the pitch P4 between the valleys 41a above the heat transfer plate 32 adjacent thereto, and P3 + P4 = P5 is set to be the same as the arrangement pitch P1 of the heat transfer plates 32. ing.

Therefore, since the troughs 41a of the dispersion plate 41 are arranged close to both sides of the heat transfer plate 42, the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution can be more uniformly dispersed to improve the thermal efficiency.

FIG. 6 is a second embodiment in which a dispersion plate 51 having the same shape as that of the first embodiment is arranged such that the peaks 51b and the valleys 51a are arranged along the width direction of the heat transfer plate 32. The pitch of the dispersion plate 51 is shown in FIG. P6 is the width L of the solution fluid passage 33 between the heat transfer plates 32
2 times or less, that is, P6 / 2 <L, so that at least one set of peaks 51b and valleys 51a is located above the width L of the solution fluid passage 33. Therefore, the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution dropped into the solution fluid passage 33 and the ammonia gas rising from the solution fluid passage 33 can smoothly and uniformly pass through.

FIG. 7 shows the dispersion plate of the first embodiment, which is a dispersion plate 42 having an irregular cross section in the shape of a saw blade having a U-shaped cross section repeated.
In the fourth embodiment described above, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Further, FIG. 8 shows a dispersion plate 43 having a concavo-convex cross section in which the U-shape is repeated in the cross section of the dispersion plate of the second embodiment.
In the fifth embodiment described above, the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained.

Further, FIG. 9 is a sixth embodiment in which two dispersion plates 35 of the first embodiment are arranged so that their valleys 35a (or peaks 35b) are orthogonal to each other, and the dispersion plate 3
It is possible to improve the dispersion effect of the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution according to No. 5. Of course, two or more dispersion plates 35 can be laminated, and the dispersion plates of the second to sixth embodiments can be used.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the heat exchange section of the regenerator has the plate type or plate fin type structure, the heat transfer unit per unit volume is larger than that of the shell and tube type. The heat area becomes very large,
The heat exchange section can be made compact, and the holding capacity of the aqueous ammonia solution having an irritating odor can be significantly reduced. In addition, the dispersion plate having an uneven cross section can supply the concentrated ammonia aqueous solution sprayed from the solution nozzle to the heat transfer plate uniformly through the dispersion holes in the valley part, and the ammonia gas heated and evaporated by the heat transfer plate to the mountain part. It is possible to pass the gas through the dispersion holes upward and discharge it, and it is possible to uniformly disperse the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and discharge the ammonia gas with an extremely simple structure, and it is possible to further improve the thermal efficiency.

Further, since the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is formed so that at least the peaks and the troughs are located above the width of the solution fluid passage of the heat transfer plate, the concentrated droplets are dropped into the solution fluid passage. The aqueous ammonia solution can be uniformly dispersed, and the ammonia gas can be reliably discharged upward.

Further, by arranging the valley portion of the dispersion plate having the uneven cross section close to the upper end portion of the surface of the heat transfer plate, the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution can be effectively dispersed and flowed down onto the surface of the heat transfer plate. Therefore, the heating efficiency of the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution can be improved.

Furthermore, by laminating dispersion plates, more uniform dispersion can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section, showing a first embodiment of a regenerator in an absorption refrigerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the heat exchange section.

FIG. 3 is a partially exploded perspective view of the heat exchange section.

FIG. 4 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of the absorption refrigerator.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section in the third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view showing a dispersion plate of a heat exchange section in the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic overall cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange section of a conventional regenerator.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged main-part cross-sectional view showing a heat exchange section of the regenerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Absorption Type Refrigerator 2 Evaporator 3 Absorber 4 Regenerator 5 Fractionator 6 Condenser 7 First Heat Exchanger 8 Second Heat Exchanger 31 Heat Exchange Section 32 Heat Transfer Plate 32a Heating Fluid Passage 33 Solution Fluid Passage 35 Dispersion plate 35a Valley part 35b Mountain part 36 Solution spray nozzle 37 Dispersion hole 41 Dispersion plate 42 Dispersion plate 43 Dispersion plate

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Koji Konishi 4-1-2 Hiranocho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Within Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takashi Onishi 4-1-2 Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Iwata 1-10 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Sumitomo Precision Industries Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ken Koyama 1-10 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki-shi Hyogo Sumitomo Precision Works (72) Inventor Tetsuro Furukawa 5-3-8 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Masaharu Furuji 5-chome, Nishikujo 5-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Osaka No. Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yu Fujita 5-3 28 Nishikujo Nishi-Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture No. 3 Hitachi Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Mitsufumi Matsuda 5-3 Nishijojo Nishi-Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture No. 28 in Hitachi Zosen Corporation

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A regenerator of an absorption refrigerating machine having an evaporator, an absorber, a regenerator, a rectification column and a condenser, and using ammonia as a refrigerant and ammonia water as an absorbing liquid. Heat exchanger of the plate type in which a plurality of vertical heat transfer plates, to which heating fluid is supplied, are arranged in parallel at regular intervals, or a plate fin type heat exchanger with fins between these heat transfer plates And a solution nozzle for spraying the solution downwardly is disposed above the heat transfer plate, and a large number of dispersion holes are formed between the solution nozzle and the heat transfer plate, and the corrugated or square shape is formed. A regenerator in an absorption refrigerating machine, characterized in that a dispersion plate formed in a saw-tooth-shaped uneven cross section is arranged. 2. The dispersion plate is arranged such that the peaks and valleys of the uneven cross section are along the width direction of the heat transfer plate, and the pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is within the width of the solution fluid passage of the heat transfer plate. The regenerator in the absorption chiller according to claim 1, wherein at least a mountain portion and a valley portion are formed above the above. 3. The pitch of the uneven cross section of the dispersion plate is made the same as the pitch of arrangement of the heat transfer plates, and the troughs of the uneven cross section are arranged at positions close to and along the upper edge of one surface of the heat transfer plate. The regenerator in the absorption chiller according to claim 1, wherein 4. The dispersion plate is formed at a pitch such that adjacent valleys are close to the upper edges of both sides of the heat transfer plate, and the valleys are arranged at positions along and close to the upper edge of the heat transfer plate. The regenerator in the absorption chiller according to claim 1. 5. A regenerator in an absorption chiller according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of dispersion plates are laminated in a direction in which valleys are orthogonal to each other.