JPH08157819A - Surfactant for soil improving material - Google Patents
Surfactant for soil improving materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08157819A JPH08157819A JP6304849A JP30484994A JPH08157819A JP H08157819 A JPH08157819 A JP H08157819A JP 6304849 A JP6304849 A JP 6304849A JP 30484994 A JP30484994 A JP 30484994A JP H08157819 A JPH08157819 A JP H08157819A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- surfactant
- soil
- improving material
- soil improving
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、土壌改良資材用界面活
性剤に関する。詳細に述べると、土壌改良資材や肥料に
湿潤性を付与し、肥料や土壌改良資材などに土壌の団塊
化防止効果を付与し、さらには作物への肥料の吸収性を
高める土壌改良資材用界面活性剤に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a surfactant for a soil improving material. More specifically, an interface for soil improvement materials that imparts wettability to soil improvement materials and fertilizers, imparts an effect of preventing soil agglomeration to fertilizers and soil improvement materials, and further enhances the absorption of fertilizers into crops. Regarding activators.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、土壌の物理的性質及び化学的
性質を改良し、土壌中の微生物の作用を改善することを
目的として、土壌に土壌改良資材が施されてきた。例え
ば、土壌改良資材により、土壌の硬さ、構造、土性、保
水性、通気性、疎水性等の物理的性質、土壌の保肥力、
養分の状態、酸化還元性等の化学的性質および土壌の一
般微生物の働きによる有機物の分解能、硝酸化成能等の
微生物学的性質が改良、改善される。この土壌改良資材
として、例えば、泥炭、腐植酸質資材、木炭、ゼオライ
ト、バーミキュライト、パーライト、ベントナイト、ポ
リエチレンイミンおよびポリビニルアルコール系資材、
特殊鉱物類などを挙げることができる。これらの土壌改
良資材は、土壌中で均一に分布するように土壌と混合し
て施用するが、そのためには土壌改良資材は適度な水分
を含んでいなければならない。一方、前に列挙した通常
の土壌改良資材は一旦乾燥凝固すると、水分を吸収させ
るのが極めて困難であるという欠点がある。したがっ
て、従来は、乾燥状態で流通している土壌改良資材が、
使用に際しては十分な量の水分を短時間に吸収できるよ
う界面活性剤や親水性ポリマーなどの親水剤を加えてい
た。例えば、特開平4-304292号公報に開示されている、
水苔などの有機組成物とポリオキシエチレンアルキルフ
ェニルエーテルなどの非イオン性界面活性剤を含む法面
緑化生育基盤組成物、特開平6-24885 号公報に開示され
ている、脂肪酸ポリエチレングリコールエステルなどの
非イオン界面活性剤を含む固結防止剤を含む粒状肥料な
どがある。しかし、これまで土壌改良資材に親水剤とし
て混入されてきた、公知の非イオン系、イオン系、両性
界面活性剤は、種子の発芽率を低下させたり、各種の薬
害を生じさせるなど植物に障害を与える欠点があり、ま
た、植物に障害を与えぬよう界面活性剤などの親水剤の
量を減らすと、土壌改良資材が均一に水分を吸収せず、
土壌と混合した際に団塊化してしまうという問題があっ
た。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, soil improving materials have been applied to soil for the purpose of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and improving the action of microorganisms in the soil. For example, with soil improving materials, soil hardness, structure, soil properties, water retention, air permeability, physical properties such as hydrophobicity, soil fertility,
The state of nutrients, the chemical properties such as redox properties, the decomposition of organic substances by the action of general microorganisms in soil, and the microbiological properties such as nitrification ability are improved and improved. As the soil improving material, for example, peat, humic acid material, charcoal, zeolite, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite, polyethyleneimine and polyvinyl alcohol material,
Specific minerals can be mentioned. These soil improving materials are mixed with the soil so as to be evenly distributed in the soil, and for that purpose, the soil improving material must contain an appropriate amount of water. On the other hand, the ordinary soil improvement materials listed above have a drawback that it is extremely difficult to absorb water once dried and solidified. Therefore, conventionally, soil improvement materials that are distributed in a dry state,
In use, hydrophilic agents such as surfactants and hydrophilic polymers were added so that a sufficient amount of water could be absorbed in a short time. For example, disclosed in JP-A-4-304292.
Slope greening growth base composition containing an organic composition such as water moss and a nonionic surfactant such as polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, etc. disclosed in JP-A-6-24885 Granule fertilizers containing anti-caking agents containing nonionic surfactants. However, known nonionic, ionic, and amphoteric surfactants that have been mixed as soil-improving materials as hydrophilic agents, damage the plants by reducing the germination rate of seeds and causing various phytotoxicity. In addition, if the amount of hydrophilic agents such as surfactants is reduced so as not to damage the plants, the soil improving material does not absorb water evenly,
There was a problem that when it was mixed with soil, it became a nodule.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、植物に障害
を与えることなく、土壌改良資材や肥料に容易に湿潤性
を付与し、肥料や土壌改良資材などの団塊化防止効果を
付与し、さらには作物の肥料の吸収性を高める土壌改良
資材用界面活性剤を提供する。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention easily imparts wettability to soil improving materials and fertilizers without damaging plants, and imparts agglomeration preventing effect to fertilizers and soil improving materials. Further, the present invention provides a surfactant for a soil improving material that enhances the absorption of fertilizer for crops.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者らは、前記課題
を解決するために研究を行った結果、後に詳細に説明す
る特定の脂肪酸ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル
が下記の性質を有し、土壌改良資材用界面活性剤として
極めて優れているという知見を得た。すなわち、この特
定の界面活性剤は湿潤性に優れ、土壌改良資材が一旦乾
燥凝固しても、速やかに水分の吸収を促すので、土壌改
良資材が土壌中に容易かつ均一に分散する。また、該界
面活性剤は、種子の発芽率に影響を与えず、薬害により
植物に障害を与えず、土壌改良資材のみならず、肥料の
固結も防止し、さらに作物の肥料吸収性を高め、さら
に、環境中に放出されても容易に生分解性され、毒性が
低いので河川に流出した場合にも魚介類への影響が少な
いという性質である。本発明はこのような知見に基づい
てなされたものである。したがって、本発明は、前記の
優れた性質を有する、下記一般式（Ｉ）で示される脂肪
酸ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルを含むことを
特徴とする土壌改良資材用界面活性剤を提供する。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted research to solve the above problems, and as a result, a specific fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, which will be described in detail later, has the following properties and We have found that it is extremely excellent as a surfactant for improving materials. That is, this specific surfactant has excellent wettability and promptly promotes the absorption of water even if the soil improving material is once dried and solidified, so that the soil improving material is easily and uniformly dispersed in the soil. In addition, the surfactant does not affect the germination rate of seeds, does not damage plants due to phytotoxicity, prevents not only soil improvement materials but also solidification of fertilizers, and further enhances fertilizer absorbability of crops. Furthermore, even if it is released into the environment, it is easily biodegradable, and since it has low toxicity, it has little property of affecting seafood even if it flows into a river. The present invention has been made based on such findings. Therefore, the present invention provides a surfactant for a soil improving material, which comprises the fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether represented by the following general formula (I) having the above-mentioned excellent properties.
【０００５】 Ｒ1ＣＯ（ＥＯ)m（ＰＯ)nＯＲ2 ・・・（Ｉ） 式中、Ｒ1 ＣＯは、炭素数１４〜２２の脂肪酸残基であ
り、Ｒ2 は炭素数１〜３のアルキル基であり、ＥＯはエ
チレンオキシドを、ＰＯは、プロピレンオキシドを示し
ている。また式中、（ＥＯ)mは、エチレンオキシドが平
均ｍモル付加していること、 (ＰＯ)nは、プロピレンオ
キシド（ＰＯ）が平均ｎモル付加していることを示し、
ｍは１〜３０、ｎは０〜１０である。なお、ｎが１〜１
０の場合は、ＥＯとＰＯとの結合形式はブロック及びラ
ンダムの何れでもよい。R 1 CO (EO) m (PO) nOR 2 ... (I) In the formula, R 1 CO is a fatty acid residue having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, and R 2 is 1 to 3 carbon atoms. It is an alkyl group, EO is ethylene oxide, and PO is propylene oxide. Further, in the formula, (EO) m means that ethylene oxide is added on average by moles, and (PO) n means that propylene oxide (PO) is added on average by moles,
m is 1 to 30 and n is 0 to 10. Note that n is 1 to 1
In the case of 0, the coupling form of EO and PO may be either block or random.
【０００６】なお、この一般式（Ｉ）の脂肪酸ポリオキ
シアルキレンアルキルエーテル及びその類似化合物が、
特開昭56-63090号公報、特開昭59-130400 号公報及び特
開昭63-227880 号公報に脱墨剤の成分として、特開昭56
-169583 号公報に発酵用消泡剤の成分として、特開昭59
-69135号公報に乳化可溶化剤の成分として、特開昭62-8
5081号公報に合成繊維処理用油剤の成分として、特開平
2-191794号公報には澱粉糊液の老化防止剤として開示さ
れている。しかし、一般式（Ｉ）の脂肪酸ポリオキシア
ルキレンアルキルエーテルを含むエステル型ノニオン界
面活性剤が、前記のように、土壌改良資材及び肥料の改
良に優れた効果を発揮するという知見は、本発明者の研
究により初めて得られたものである。本発明の脂肪酸ポ
リオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルを示す一般式
（Ｉ）において、Ｒ1 ＣＯ−は、炭素原子数１４〜２
２、好ましくは１６〜１８の脂肪酸残基であり、必要に
応じてヒドロキシル基等の置換基を有してもよい。特に
Ｒ1ＣＯの炭素原子数を１６〜１８にすると、いっそう
植物に対する薬害を改善することができる。なお、この
ように脂肪酸残基の炭素原子数を限定するのは、該炭素
原子数が１３以下あるいは２３以上になると、本発明の
界面活性剤を添加した土壌改良資材の吸水性が悪化する
からである。特にＲ1 ＣＯの炭素数が１１以下では植物
への薬害が現れるので好ましくない。The fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether of the general formula (I) and its analogues are
JP-A-56-63090, JP-A-59-130400, and JP-A-63-227880 disclose the components of deinking agents in JP-A-56-63090.
-169583 discloses a component of a defoaming agent for fermentation, which is disclosed in
-69135, the components of the emulsion solubilizer are disclosed in JP-A-62-8
As a component of an oil agent for treating synthetic fibers in Japanese Patent No.
2-191794 discloses an antiaging agent for starch paste solution. However, as described above, the finding that the ester type nonionic surfactant containing the fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether of the general formula (I) exerts an excellent effect on the improvement of the soil improving material and the fertilizer has been found by the present inventor. It was obtained for the first time by the research of. In the general formula (I) showing the fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether of the present invention, R 1 CO- represents 14 to 2 carbon atoms.
2, preferably 16 to 18 fatty acid residues, and optionally have a substituent such as a hydroxyl group. Particularly, when the number of carbon atoms of R 1 CO is 16 to 18, the phytotoxicity to plants can be further improved. The number of carbon atoms of the fatty acid residue is limited in this way, because when the number of carbon atoms is 13 or less or 23 or more, the water absorption of the soil improving material to which the surfactant of the present invention is added is deteriorated. Is. In particular, when the carbon number of R 1 CO is 11 or less, phytotoxicity to plants appears, which is not preferable.
【０００７】本発明の脂肪酸残基Ｒ1 ＣＯの導入に用い
ることができる酸を挙げると、ミリスチン酸、５−メチ
ルテトラデカン酸、２，２−ジメチルテトラデカン酸、
ペンタデカン酸、パルミチン酸、ソーマリン酸（９−ヘ
キサデセン酸）、マーガリン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイ
ン酸、バクセン酸（１１−オクタデセン酸）、リノール
酸、リノレン酸、ノナデカン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン
酸、ガドレン酸、リシノール酸（ひまし油）、エルカ
酸、ブラシジン酸、アラキドン酸、９，１０−ジヒドロ
オキシクタデカン酸（ひまし油）、エライジン酸、イソ
ステアリン酸などがある。一般式（Ｉ）のＲ2 は炭素原
子数１〜３、好ましくは１〜２の低級アルキル基であ
る。低級アルキル基Ｒ2 の炭素数が４以上になると魚毒
性が高くなり好ましくない。Acids that can be used to introduce the fatty acid residue R 1 CO of the present invention include myristic acid, 5-methyltetradecanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyltetradecanoic acid,
Pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, somamarinic acid (9-hexadecenoic acid), margaric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid (11-octadecenoic acid), linoleic acid, linolenic acid, nonadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, gadrenic acid , Ricinoleic acid (castor oil), erucic acid, brassic acid, arachidonic acid, 9,10-dihydrooxyctadecanoic acid (castor oil), elaidic acid, isostearic acid and the like. R 2 in the general formula (I) is a lower alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms. When the carbon number of the lower alkyl group R 2 is 4 or more, fish toxicity becomes high, which is not preferable.
【０００８】エチレンオキシド（ＥＯ）の平均付加モル
数ｍは１〜３０、好ましくは２〜２０、より好ましくは
３〜１５である。このように平均付加モル数ｍを限定す
るのは、平均付加モル数がこの値より小さい場合は著し
く、土壌改良資材の吸水性が低下し、大きい場合は界面
活性剤の生分解性が悪くなるからである。また、プロピ
レンオキサイド（ＰＯ）の平均付加モル数ｎは０〜１
０、好ましくは２〜５、より好ましくは２〜３である。
平均付加モル数ｎを１０以下にするのは、それよりも大
きいと生分解性が悪くなるからである。ＥＯとＰＯを混
合付加する場合はランダム付加でもブロック付加でもよ
く、ブロック付加の場合は付加する順序は問わない。本
発明の土壌改良資材用界面活性剤は、土壌改良資材及び
肥料に添加、混合して使用する。該界面活性剤は、植物
に薬害を起こさないので、混合する土壌改良資材に応じ
て十分な量で使用することができる。一般に土壌改良資
材又は肥料に対し10〜10000ppm、好ましくは100 〜2000
ppm とするのが適当である。The average addition mole number m of ethylene oxide (EO) is 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 15. In this way, the average addition mole number m is limited when the average addition mole number is smaller than this value, the water absorption of the soil improving material is lowered, and when it is larger, the biodegradability of the surfactant is deteriorated. Because. Further, the average addition mole number n of propylene oxide (PO) is 0 to 1.
0, preferably 2-5, more preferably 2-3.
The reason why the average added mole number n is 10 or less is that the biodegradability deteriorates if the number is larger than that. When EO and PO are mixed and added, random addition or block addition may be performed, and in the case of block addition, the order of addition is not limited. The surfactant for a soil improving material of the present invention is added to and mixed with a soil improving material and a fertilizer for use. Since the surfactant does not cause phytotoxicity to plants, it can be used in a sufficient amount depending on the soil improving material to be mixed. Generally, 10 to 10000 ppm, preferably 100 to 2000, for soil improvement materials or fertilizers
It is appropriate to use ppm.
【０００９】本発明の界面活性剤を添加する土壌改良資
材の例を挙げると、泥炭、腐植酸質資材、木炭、ゼオラ
イト、バーミキュライト、パーライト、ベントナイト、
ポリエチレンイミンおよびポリビニルアルコール系資
材、特殊鉱物類などがある。また肥料の例を挙げると、
尿素、硫安、硝安、塩化カリ、化成肥料又はこれらの配
合肥料があり、特にこれらの肥料をタルク、クレー、ケ
イ酸塩粉末等の無機粒子にコーティングした粒状肥料に
おいては、本発明の界面活性剤は固結防止に極めて有効
である。Examples of soil improving materials to which the surfactant of the present invention is added include peat, humic acid materials, charcoal, zeolite, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite,
Polyethyleneimine and polyvinyl alcohol materials, special minerals, etc. Also, if you give an example of fertilizer,
There are urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, chemical fertilizers or compounded fertilizers thereof, and particularly in granular fertilizers obtained by coating these fertilizers with inorganic particles such as talc, clay and silicate powder, the surfactant of the present invention is used. Is extremely effective in preventing caking.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】本発明の界面活性剤を、土壌改良資材に
添加することにより、植物に障害を与えることなく、土
壌改良資材や肥料に容易に湿潤性を付与し、肥料や土壌
改良資材などの団塊化防止効果を付与し、さらには作物
の肥料の吸収性を高めることができる。また、本発明の
界面活性剤は生分解性にも優れるため、環境適合性も良
好である。以下、実施例に基づき本発明を具体的に説明
するが、本発明は下記の実施例により何ら限定されるも
のではない。EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By adding the surfactant of the present invention to a soil improving material, the soil improving material or fertilizer can be easily wetted without damaging plants. The effect of preventing agglomeration can be imparted, and the absorbability of fertilizer for crops can be enhanced. Further, since the surfactant of the present invention is also excellent in biodegradability, it has good environmental compatibility. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples.
実施例１ 表１に示す界面活性剤を用いて、土壌改良資材用補助材
としての種々の性能を評価した。評価方法は下記のとお
りであり、また評価結果を表２〜８に示した。 湿潤性 水苔乾燥物ピートモス（トステムビバ（株）製）１００
ｇに対し、１％の界面活性剤水溶液を１００mlの割合で
含浸させた後、水分量が２０±５％になるよう脱水し
た。この乾燥土壌改良資材１ｇを内径１０mmφのガラス
カラムにバイブレーションさせながら均一に詰め、充填
物上部を脱脂綿で押さえた。カラム上部より５mlの水を
５ml／分の速度で滴下し、水５mlの含浸時間(sec）を測
定した。 生分解性 微生物などによる化学物質の分解度試験法に準拠して行
った。すなわち、試料濃度１００ppm の試験液中に、固
形分として３０ppm の活性汚泥を植種源として添加し、
ＢＯＤ（生物化学的酸素消費量）、ＴＯＤ（総酸素消費
量）を経日で測定し、生分解度＝ＢＯＤ／ＴＯＤ（％）
から以下の基準で評価した。 ◎：１４日後までに生分解度６０％に達する ○：生分解度６０％に達するまで１４〜２８日必要 ×：生分解度６０％に達するまで２９日以上必要、また
は一定量分解し、それ以上分解しないExample 1 Using the surfactants shown in Table 1, various performances as an auxiliary material for a soil improving material were evaluated. The evaluation method is as follows, and the evaluation results are shown in Tables 2-8. Wet water dried moss peat moss (manufactured by Tostem Viva Co., Ltd.) 100
After impregnating 100 g of a 1% aqueous surfactant solution with respect to g, dehydration was performed so that the water content was 20 ± 5%. 1 g of this dry soil improving material was uniformly packed in a glass column having an inner diameter of 10 mmφ while vibrating, and the upper part of the packing was pressed with absorbent cotton. 5 ml of water was dropped from the top of the column at a rate of 5 ml / min, and the impregnation time (sec) of 5 ml of water was measured. Biodegradability It was performed in accordance with the test method for the degree of decomposition of chemical substances by microorganisms. That is, 30 ppm of activated sludge as a solid content was added as a seed source to a test solution having a sample concentration of 100 ppm,
BOD (biochemical oxygen consumption) and TOD (total oxygen consumption) were measured daily, and the degree of biodegradation = BOD / TOD (%)
Was evaluated according to the following criteria. ◎: Biodegradability reached 60% by 14 days ○: 14 to 28 days required to reach biodegradability 60% ×: 29 days or more required until biodegradability reached 60%, or a certain amount of biodegradable Do not disassemble
【００１１】魚毒性 ＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０２工場排水試験法７１．魚類による
急性毒性試験に準拠し、ヒメダカの魚毒性をＴＬｍ値
（４８時間）、すなわち４８時間後における半数致死濃
度(ppm）を測定した。 植物薬害性 黒土４００部、バーミキュライト３００部、ピートモス
３００部（各々トステムビバ（株）製）に2.５％の界面
活性剤水溶液を２０００部の割合で含浸させた後、全量
が２０００部になるよう乾燥した。上記土壌を直径７c
m、高さ６cmのポットに入れキャベツ、アサガオの種子
および３〜４葉期の苗を植え、その発芽率(%）および薬
害発生率(%）を調べた。Fish toxicity JIS K 0102 Factory drainage test method 71. Based on the acute toxicity test with fish, the TLm value (48 hours), that is, the half-lethal concentration (ppm) after 48 hours was measured for the fish toxicity of Japanese killifish. Plant phytotoxicity 400 parts of black soil, 300 parts of vermiculite, 300 parts of peat moss (each manufactured by Tostem Viva Co., Ltd.) are impregnated with a 2.5% surfactant aqueous solution at a ratio of 2000 parts, and the total amount becomes 2000 parts. Dried. Diameter of the above soil is 7c
The cabbage, morning glory seeds, and seedlings at the 3 to 4 leaf stage were planted in a pot of m, 6 cm in height, and the germination rate (%) and phytotoxicity rate (%) were examined.
【００１２】[0012]
【表１】 表１：界面活性剤の種類 ─────────────────────────────────── No. Ｒ1 ＣＯ（ＥＯ)m（ＰＯ)nＯＲ2 Ｒ1 ＣＯ ｍ ｎ Ｒ2 付加形態 実 １ Ｃ15Ｈ31ＣＯ ７ ４ ＣＨ3 ブロック ２ Ｃ15Ｈ33ＣＯ ２ ０ ＣＨ3 施 ３ Ｃ17Ｈ33ＣＯ ５ ３ ＣＨ3 ブロック ４ Ｃ17Ｈ33ＣＯ １０ ０ Ｃ3 Ｈ7 例 ５ Ｃ19Ｈ39ＣＯ ２５ ０ Ｃ2 Ｈ5 ６ Ｃ21Ｈ43ＣＯ １６ ２ ＣＨ3 ランダム 比 １ Ｃ11Ｈ23ＣＯ １０ ０ ＣＨ3 ２ Ｃ17Ｈ33ＣＯ １０ ０ Ｈ 較 ３ Ｃ17Ｈ33ＣＯ ４０ ０ ＣＨ3 ４ Ｃ17Ｈ35ＣＯ ２０ ０ Ｃ4 Ｈ9 例 ５ Ｃ21Ｈ43ＣＯ ２５ １５ Ｃ2 Ｈ5 ランダム 比 ６ ＰＯＥノニルフェニルエーテル（ｐ＝９） ７ ＰＯＥラウリルエーテル (ｐ＝９） 較 ８ ＰＯＥミリスチルエーテルスルホン酸ナトリウム（ｐ＝９） ９ ラウリルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム 例 10 α−スルホ脂肪酸メチルエステルジエタノールアミン（Ｃ＝１４） 11 蒸留水 [Table 1] Table 1: Types of surfactants ──────────────────────────────────── No. R 1 CO (EO) m (PO) nOR 2 R 1 CO m n R 2 Addition form Actual 1 C 15 H 31 CO 7 4 CH 3 Block 2 C 15 H 33 CO 2 0 CH 3 Application 3 C 17 H 33 CO 5 3 CH 3 Block 4 C 17 H 33 CO 10 0 C 3 H 7 Example 5 C 19 H 39 CO 25 0 C 2 H 5 6 C 21 H 43 CO 16 2 CH 3 Random Ratio 1 C 11 H 23 CO 10 0 CH 3 2 C 17 H 33 CO 100 H comparison 3 C 17 H 33 CO 40 0 CH 3 4 C 17 H 35 CO 20 0 C 4 H 9 example 5 C 21 H 43 CO 25 15 C 2 H 5 random ratio 6 POE Nonylphenyl ether (p = 9) 7 POE lauryl ether (p = 9) Comparative 8 POE sodium myristyl ether sulfonate (p = 9) 9 Sodium laurylbenzenesulfonate Example 10 α-sulfo fatty acid methyl ester diethanolamine (C = 14) 11 Distilled water
【００１３】[0013]
【表２】 湿潤性試験（秒） ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11198 323 256 184 222 176 252 >900 >900 368 >900 182 196 200 231 456 >90 0 [Table 2] Wetting test (seconds) ─────────────────────────────────── Comparison of practical examples Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 198 323 256 184 222 176 252>900> 900 368> 900 182 196 200 231 456> 90 0
【００１４】[0014]
【表３】 生分解性試験 ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ ７ ８ ９ 10 11○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ◎ × ○ × × ◎ ○ × ◎ − [Table 3] Biodegradability test ─────────────────────────────────── Actual example ratio Comparative example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ◎ × ○ × × ◎ ○ × ◎ −
【００１５】[0015]
【表４】 魚毒性試験TLm(ppm) ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ＞１００ >100 >100 >100 12 <10 ≒10 ≒10 <10 4 18 − [Table 4] Fish toxicity test TLm (ppm) ─────────────────────────────────── Actual sample ratio Comparative example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 >100>100>100> 100 12 <10 ≈ 10 ≈ 10 <10 4 18 −
【００１６】[0016]
【表５】 発芽率試験−１ キャベツ(%) n＝20 ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ １ 2 3 4 ５ ６ ７ ８ ９ 10 11100 95 100 80 85 95 70 100 95 100 85 30 35 25 35 95 100 [Table 5] Germination Rate Test-1 Cabbage (%) n = 20 ─────────────────────────────────── ─ Example Comparison Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 100 95 100 80 85 95 70 100 95 100 85 30 35 25 35 95 100
【００１７】[0017]
【表６】 発芽率試験−２ アサガオ(%) n＝20 ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ １ 2 3 4 ５ ６ ７ ８ ９ 10 1180 90 100 75 70 95 65 90 100 100 75 20 35 10 15 80 100 [Table 6] Germination rate test-2 Morning glory (%) n = 20 ─────────────────────────────────── ─ Example Comparison Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 80 90 100 75 70 95 65 90 100 100 75 20 35 10 15 80 100
【００１８】[0018]
【表７】 植物薬害試験−１キャベツ(%) n＝20 ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ １ ２ ３ ４ ５ 6 ７ 8 ９ 10 1110 ０ ０ 10 10 ０ 90 ０ ０ 10 30 100 90 100 90 ０ ０ [Table 7] Plant damage test-1 cabbage (%) n = 20 ─────────────────────────────────── -Examples Comparative Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 10 0 0 10 10 10 0 90 0 0 0 10 30 100 90 100 90 0 0
【００１９】[0019]
【表８】 植物薬害試験−２アサガオ(%) n＝20 ─────────────────────────────────── 実 施 例 比 較 例 １ ２ ３ ４ ５ ６ １ ２ ３ ４ ５ 6 ７ 8 ９ 10 1110 ０ ０ 10 20 10 80 ０ ０ 10 30 100 90 100 80 10 ０ [Table 8] Plant phytotoxicity test-2 Morning glory (%) n = 20 ─────────────────────────────────── -Examples Comparative Example 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 10 0 0 10 20 10 80 0 0 0 10 30 100 90 100 80 10 0
【００２０】〔本発明の特徴的構成〕 〔構成１〕 下記一般式（Ｉ）で示される脂肪酸ポリオ
キシアルキレンアルキルエーテルを含むことを特徴とす
る土壌改良資材用界面活性剤。 Ｒ1ＣＯ（ＥＯ)m（ＰＯ)nＯＲ2 ・・・（Ｉ） （式中、Ｒ1 ＣＯは、炭素数１４〜２２の脂肪酸残基で
あり、Ｒ2 は炭素数１〜３のアルキル基であって、 (Ｅ
Ｏ)mは、エチレンオキシドが平均ｍモル付加しているこ
と、 (ＰＯ)nは、プロピレンオキシド（ＰＯ）が平均ｎ
モル付加していることを示し、ｍは１〜３０、ｎは０〜
１０である。また、ｎが１〜１０の場合は、ＥＯとＰＯ
との結合はブロック及びランダムの何れでもよい。）。 〔構成２〕Ｒ1 ＣＯの炭素原子数が、１６〜１８の脂肪
酸残基である構成１記載の土壌改良資材界面活性剤。 〔構成３〕Ｒ2 がメチル基又はエチル基である構成１記
載の土壌改良資材界面活性剤。 〔構成４〕ｍが２〜２０である構成１記載の土壌改良資
材界面活性剤。 〔構成５〕ｍが３〜１５である構成１記載の土壌改良資
材界面活性剤。[Characteristic Configuration of the Present Invention] [Configuration 1] A surfactant for soil improving materials, which comprises a fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether represented by the following general formula (I). R 1 CO (EO) m ( PO) nOR 2 ··· (I) ( wherein, R 1 CO is a fatty acid residue of 14 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms Then, (E
O) m means that ethylene oxide is added in an average of 1 mol, and (PO) n means propylene oxide (PO) has an average of n.
Molar addition is indicated, m is 1 to 30, and n is 0.
It is 10. When n is 1 to 10, EO and PO
The connection with may be either block or random. ). [Structure 2] The soil improver surfactant according to Structure 1, wherein R 1 CO is a fatty acid residue having 16 to 18 carbon atoms. [Structure 3] The soil improving material surfactant according to Structure 1, wherein R 2 is a methyl group or an ethyl group. [Constitution 4] The soil improving material surfactant according to the constitution 1, wherein m is 2 to 20. [Constitution 5] The soil improving material surfactant according to the constitution 1, wherein m is 3 to 15.
【００２１】〔構成６〕ｎが０である構成１記載の土壌
改良資材界面活性剤。 〔構成７〕ｎが２〜５である構成１記載の土壌改良資材
界面活性剤。 〔構成８〕ｎが２〜３である構成１記載の土壌改良資材
界面活性剤。 〔構成９〕エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドの結
合がブロック又はランダムである構成１記載の土壌改良
資材界面活性剤。 〔構成10〕構成１〜11のいずれか１項記載の界面活性剤
を含む土壌改良資材。 〔構成11〕構成１〜11のいずれか１項記載の界面活性
剤、及び泥炭、腐植酸質資材、木炭、ゼオライト、バー
ミキュライト、パーライト、ベントナイト、ポリエチレ
ンイミンおよびポリビニルアルコール系資材及び特殊鉱
物類からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも１種の物質を含
む土壌改良資材。 〔構成12〕 前記界面活性剤の量が、10〜10000ppmであ
る構成11記載の土壌改良資材。[Constitution 6] The surfactant for soil-improving material according to the constitution 1, wherein n is 0. [Structure 7] The soil improving material surfactant according to Structure 1, wherein n is 2 to 5. [Structure 8] The soil improving material surfactant according to Structure 1, wherein n is 2 to 3. [Constitution 9] The soil improving material surfactant according to the constitution 1, wherein the bond between ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is block or random. [Structure 10] A soil improving material containing the surfactant according to any one of Structures 1 to 11. [Structure 11] Consists of the surfactant according to any one of Structures 1 to 11 and peat, humic acid material, charcoal, zeolite, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite, polyethyleneimine and polyvinyl alcohol material and special minerals. A soil improvement material containing at least one substance selected from the group. [Structure 12] The soil improving material according to Structure 11, wherein the amount of the surfactant is 10 to 10,000 ppm.
【００２２】〔構成13〕 前記界面活性剤の量が、100
〜2000ppm である構成11記載の土壌改良資材。 〔構成14〕構成１〜11のいずれか１項記載の界面活性
剤、及び尿素、硫安、硝安、塩化カリ、化成肥料又はこ
れらの配合肥料からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも１種
の肥料を含む、肥料組成物。 〔構成15〕無機粒子にコーティングした粒状形態である
構成14記載の肥料組成物。 〔構成16〕 前記界面活性剤の量が、10〜10000ppmであ
る構成14又は15記載の肥料組成物。 〔構成17〕 前記界面活性剤の量が、100 〜2000ppm で
ある構成14又は15記載の肥料組成物。[Constitution 13] The amount of the surfactant is 100
~ 2000ppm soil improvement material according to composition 11. [Structure 14] contains the surfactant according to any one of Structures 1 to 11 and at least one fertilizer selected from the group consisting of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, chemical fertilizers or compounded fertilizers thereof. Fertilizer composition. [Structure 15] The fertilizer composition according to Structure 14, which is in a granular form coated with inorganic particles. [Structure 16] The fertilizer composition according to Structure 14 or 15, wherein the amount of the surfactant is 10 to 10,000 ppm. [Structure 17] The fertilizer composition according to Structure 14 or 15, wherein the amount of the surfactant is 100 to 2000 ppm.
Claims (3)
オキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルを含むことを特徴と
する土壌改良資材用界面活性剤。 Ｒ1ＣＯ（ＥＯ)m（ＰＯ)nＯＲ2 ・・・（Ｉ） （式中、Ｒ1 ＣＯは、炭素数１４〜２２の脂肪酸残基で
あり、Ｒ2 は炭素数１〜３のアルキル基であって、 (Ｅ
Ｏ)mは、エチレンオキシドが平均ｍモル付加しているこ
とを、 (ＰＯ)nは、プロピレンオキシド（ＰＯ）が平均
ｎモル付加していることを示し、ｍは１〜３０、ｎは０
〜１０である。また、ｎが１〜１０の場合は、ＥＯとＰ
Ｏとの結合はブロック及びランダムの何れでもよ
い。）。1. A surfactant for a soil improving material comprising a fatty acid polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether represented by the following general formula (I). R 1 CO (EO) m ( PO) nOR 2 ··· (I) ( wherein, R 1 CO is a fatty acid residue of 14 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms Then, (E
O) m means that ethylene oxide is added on average by moles, and (PO) n means that propylene oxide (PO) is added on average by moles, m is 1 to 30, and n is 0.
It is -10. When n is 1 to 10, EO and P
The bond with O may be either block or random. ).
良資材。2. A soil improving material containing the surfactant according to claim 1.
成物。3. A fertilizer composition containing the surfactant according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6304849A JPH08157819A (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Surfactant for soil improving material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6304849A JPH08157819A (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Surfactant for soil improving material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08157819A true JPH08157819A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
Family
ID=17938020
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6304849A Pending JPH08157819A (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1994-12-08 | Surfactant for soil improving material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08157819A (en) |
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| US7829500B2 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2010-11-09 | Kao Corporation | Plant-activating agent |
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| WO2012063899A1 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-18 | ライオン株式会社 | Soil improvement agent composition |
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| CN108676155A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-19 | 南京师范大学 | The more ethyoxyls of the bis- perfluoro decyl silicon-of methyl-- stearate multi-element compounds and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108690065A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-23 | 南京师范大学 | The more ethyoxyls of the mono- perfluoro decyl silicon-of dimethyl-- oleate multi-element compounds and the preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108690066A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-23 | 南京师范大学 | The more ethyoxyls of the mono- perfluoro decyl silicon-of dimethyl-- stearate multi-element compounds and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108452745A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-28 | 南京师范大学 | Three perfluoro decyl silicon-more ethyoxyls-oleate multi-element compounds and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108452743A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fluoride silicon surfactant and oil-based foam oil displacement agent containing double perfluoro capryls |
| WO2020173717A1 (en) | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-03 | Clariant International Ltd | Fatty acid derivatives for improving the effect of agrochemical actives |
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