JPH08157278A - Super lightweight concrete composition - Google Patents
Super lightweight concrete compositionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08157278A JPH08157278A JP32141994A JP32141994A JPH08157278A JP H08157278 A JPH08157278 A JP H08157278A JP 32141994 A JP32141994 A JP 32141994A JP 32141994 A JP32141994 A JP 32141994A JP H08157278 A JPH08157278 A JP H08157278A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight
- specific gravity
- concrete
- aggregate
- cement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、主に建築および土木用
部材として好適に利用できる、高強度のセメント系の超
軽量コンクリート組成物に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-strength cement-based ultralight concrete composition which can be suitably used mainly as a member for construction and civil engineering.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、セメント系のコンクリート製品の
軽量化をはかるため、コンクリートにパーライト、フヨ
ーライト（フヨーライト工業製）、シラスバルーン、フ
ライアッシュバルーン、ガラスビーズなどの無機質軽量
発泡材や、発泡ポリスチレン、塩化ビニル、スチレンビ
ーズなどの合成樹脂発泡体などを軽量骨材として混入す
ることが種々行われている。また、コンクリートに気泡
剤や発泡剤などを用いて気泡を混入させることも行われ
ている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to reduce the weight of cement-based concrete products, concrete such as perlite, fuyolite (manufactured by Fuyolite Industry Co., Ltd.), shirasu balloon, fly ash balloon, glass beads and other inorganic lightweight foam materials, expanded polystyrene, Various incorporations of synthetic resin foams such as vinyl chloride and styrene beads as lightweight aggregates have been performed. It is also practiced to mix air bubbles into concrete by using an air bubbler or a foaming agent.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
ような軽量コンクリートにおいては、比重を小さくすれ
ばするほど強度低下が著しくなる問題がある。そこで、
セメントに高性能減水剤などを用いて水セメント比を極
力小さくさせたり、シリカヒュームや硫酸カルシウムを
成分とする混和材などを混入することや、オートクレー
ブ養生などの高温高圧蒸気養生を行うことなどが種々行
われている。しかしながら、このような方策を行って
も、軽量コンクリートの比重を０．８〜１．２程度まで
小さくすると、圧縮強度は２００kgf/cm2 程度以下にま
でに小さくなってしまう。However, in the above lightweight concrete, there is a problem that the lower the specific gravity is, the more the strength is significantly reduced. Therefore,
It is possible to minimize the water-cement ratio by using a high-performance water-reducing agent in the cement, mix silica fume and admixtures containing calcium sulfate as components, and perform high-temperature high-pressure steam curing such as autoclave curing. Various things are done. However, even if such a measure is taken, if the specific gravity of the lightweight concrete is reduced to about 0.8 to 1.2, the compressive strength will be reduced to about 200 kgf / cm 2 or less.
【０００４】一般に、建築および土木用部材として好適
に利用できるセメント系の軽量コンクリートを得る場合
は、単に軽量であるだけではなく強度的にも耐久力のあ
るものが要求されるため、強度の低下をできるだけ軽減
し、必要な強度を維持しつつできるだけ軽量化しようと
することが要求される。しかしながら上記したように、
従来の方法では比重を１．０ 前後まで小さくし、かつ
圧縮強度を３００kgf/cm2 程度以上という条件を満足す
るものは得られなかった。Generally, in order to obtain a cement-based lightweight concrete that can be suitably used as a member for construction and civil engineering, it is required to have not only light weight but also durability in terms of strength. It is required to reduce as much as possible and to reduce the weight as much as possible while maintaining the required strength. However, as mentioned above,
With the conventional method, it has not been possible to obtain the one that satisfies the conditions that the specific gravity is reduced to about 1.0 and the compressive strength is about 300 kgf / cm 2 or more.
【０００５】また、従来より、軽量コンクリートの比重
を小さくする目的で軽量骨材の比重を小さくすることが
行われており、多孔質黒雲母流紋岩微粉末を造粒し焼成
してなる超軽量骨材と水とセメントとを調合してなる超
軽量コンクリート（特開昭６２−２３５２７７）のよう
に、超軽量骨材をコンクリート骨材として使用してい
る。しかし、この超軽量骨材は、１．２mm程度以下の粒
度のものが製造上の面からかなり不足しがちである。こ
のため、このような超軽量骨材を使用して比重が１．０
程度の超軽量コンクリートを製造する場合、比重の重い
天然の細骨材を使用できないので、１．２mm以下の粒度
の部分が不足して、骨材の浮き上がりによる材料分離が
発生しやすくなり、コンクリートの成形やコテ仕上げ性
などに問題が生じる。また、この問題を解消する目的
で、１．２mm以下のパーライトやフヨーライト、シラス
バルーンなどの無機質軽量発泡材や各種の有機質軽量発
泡材を用いることも行われているが、これらの軽量発泡
材の使用は、それ自体の強度が超軽量骨材より小さいた
め、コンクリートの圧縮強度が低下してしまうという問
題が発生する。Further, conventionally, the specific gravity of the lightweight aggregate has been reduced for the purpose of reducing the specific gravity of the lightweight concrete, and it is an ultra-fine powder obtained by granulating and firing porous biotite rhyolite fine powder. Ultra-lightweight aggregate is used as concrete aggregate, such as ultra-lightweight concrete prepared by mixing lightweight aggregate, water and cement (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-235277). However, this ultra-lightweight aggregate tends to have a shortage of particles having a grain size of about 1.2 mm or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing. Therefore, the specific gravity is 1.0 when using such ultra-lightweight aggregate.
In the case of producing super light weight concrete, it is not possible to use natural fine aggregate with a high specific gravity, so the part with a grain size of 1.2 mm or less is insufficient, and material separation easily occurs due to floating aggregate, There is a problem with the molding and iron finish. Further, for the purpose of solving this problem, it has been attempted to use an inorganic lightweight foam material such as perlite, fuyolite, shirasu balloon or the like and various organic lightweight foam materials of 1.2 mm or less. Since the strength of the concrete itself is smaller than that of the ultra-lightweight aggregate, the problem that the compressive strength of concrete is lowered occurs.
【０００６】本発明は、このような事情に鑑み成された
もので、オートクレーブ養生が不要で、低比重にもかか
わらず従来に比し一段と強度に優れ、さらに骨材の浮き
上がりによる材料分離が発生せず、コテ仕上げ性が良好
な骨材添加系の超軽量コンクリート組成物を提供するこ
とを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, does not require autoclave curing, is much stronger than the conventional one in spite of low specific gravity, and causes material separation due to lifting of aggregate. It is an object of the present invention to provide an aggregate-added, ultra-lightweight concrete composition that does not undergo ironing and has good iron finish.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の請求項１の超軽
量コンクリート組成物は、セメントと、多孔質黒雲母流
紋岩微粉末を造粒し焼成してなる超軽量骨材と、０．４
mm程度以下の完全閉鎖型中空球体のセラミック質軽量発
泡材とを主成分として、水と混練してなるものである。
本発明の請求項２の超軽量コンクリート組成物は、上記
発明において、多孔質黒雲母流紋岩微粉末を造粒し焼成
してなる超軽量骨材の絶乾比重が０．５〜１．２のもの
である。本発明の請求項３の超軽量コンクリート組成物
は、上記発明において、完全閉鎖型中空球体のセラミッ
ク質軽量発泡材の絶乾比重が０．６〜０．９のものであ
る。The ultra-lightweight concrete composition according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises cement and an ultra-lightweight aggregate obtained by granulating and firing porous biotite rhyolite fine powder. .4
The main component is a completely closed hollow sphere ceramic lightweight foam material having a size of about mm or less, and the mixture is kneaded with water.
The ultra-lightweight concrete composition of claim 2 of the present invention is the above-mentioned invention, wherein the ultra-light aggregate of the ultra-lightweight aggregate obtained by granulating and firing the porous biotite rhyolite fine powder has a specific gravity of 0.5 to 1. It is 2. In the super lightweight concrete composition according to claim 3 of the present invention, in the above invention, the absolutely dry specific gravity of the ceramic lightweight foam material of the completely closed hollow sphere is 0.6 to 0.9.
【０００８】以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。本発明に
おいて、セメントは、普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱など
の各種ポルトランドセメントやそれらにシリカ、高炉ス
ラグおよびフライアッシュが混合された各種混合セメン
トなどを用いることができる。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, as the cement, various portland cements such as normal, early early, ultra early early and moderate heat, and various mixed cements in which silica, blast furnace slag and fly ash are mixed can be used.
【０００９】本発明において、他に添加する混和材料と
しては、高炉スラグ微粉末、フライアッシュ、シリカフ
ューム、気泡剤、発泡剤、膨張材など一般に用いられて
いるものを、目的にあわせて、かつ本発明の利点を損な
わない範囲で使用することができる。In the present invention, as other admixtures to be added, commonly used ones such as blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash, silica fume, foaming agent, foaming agent and expanding material can be used according to the purpose and It can be used within a range that does not impair the advantages of the invention.
【００１０】本発明で使用する超軽量骨材は、コンクリ
ートの軽量化と高強度化を目的に使用するものである。
上記超軽量骨材は、産地により抗火石と呼ばれる多孔質
黒雲母流紋岩を粉砕し、その微粉末を造粒し焼成してな
るものであって、粒形が球に近く表面がなめらかであ
り、細骨材と粗骨材がある。これらは、従来の人工軽量
骨材に比べ、絶乾比重が０．５〜１．２０と著しく小さ
いにもかかわらず、吸水率が１〜８％ときわめて小さ
く、圧縮強度や圧潰強度などにおいても優れた性能を有
するものである。このものをコンクリート用骨材として
コンクリートに使用すると、従来のメサライト（日本メ
サライト工業製）のような膨張性頁岩を焼成して成る人
工軽量骨材を用いたコンクリートでは得られない、超軽
量でかつ強度の優れた品質を有するコンクリートを得る
ことができる。The super lightweight aggregate used in the present invention is used for the purpose of reducing the weight and increasing the strength of concrete.
The above-mentioned ultra-light aggregate is made by crushing porous biotite rhyolite called anti-firestone depending on the place of production, granulating and firing the fine powder, and the grain shape is close to a sphere and the surface is smooth. Yes, there are fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Compared with conventional artificial lightweight aggregates, these have extremely low absolute dry densities of 0.5 to 1.20, but have extremely low water absorption rates of 1 to 8%, and also in compressive strength and crushing strength. It has excellent performance. When this is used for concrete as aggregate for concrete, it is extremely lightweight and unobtainable with concrete using artificial lightweight aggregate made by firing expansive shale such as conventional mesalite (manufactured by Japan Mesalite Industry Co., Ltd.) It is possible to obtain concrete having excellent strength.
【００１１】超軽量細骨材は、絶乾比重が０．５〜１．
２０程度、好ましくは０．７〜１．０程度で、粒度の範
囲が０．６〜５mmのものを用いる。また、超軽量粗骨材
は、絶乾比重が０．５〜１．２程度、好ましくは０．６
〜０．９程度で、粒度の範囲が５〜１５mmのものを用い
る。細骨材、粗骨材ともに市販品には小野田セメント
（株）商品名「エヌエルライト」、新島物産（株）商品
名「ネオライト」などがある。The ultralight fine aggregate has an absolute dry specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.
A particle size of about 20 and preferably 0.7 to 1.0 and a particle size range of 0.6 to 5 mm is used. The ultralight coarse aggregate has an absolute dry specific gravity of about 0.5 to 1.2, preferably 0.6.
A particle size range of 5 to 15 mm is used. Commercially available products for both fine aggregate and coarse aggregate include Onoda Cement Co., Ltd.'s product name "Nuelite" and Niijima Bussan Co., Ltd.'s product name "Neolite."
【００１２】超軽量細骨材の使用量は、セメント１００
重量部に対して、１０〜１００重量部が好ましく、より
好ましくは３０〜６０重量部である。１０重量部より少
ないと、コンクリートが粗々しく、かつ分離しやすくな
り、成形が困難になる。１００重量部より多いと、コン
クリートの流動性が悪くなり、成形が困難になる。The amount of ultra-light fine aggregate used is 100% cement.
The amount is preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 60 parts by weight with respect to parts by weight. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the concrete becomes rough and easily separated, and molding becomes difficult. If it is more than 100 parts by weight, the fluidity of the concrete will be deteriorated and the molding will be difficult.
【００１３】超軽量粗骨材の使用量は、セメント１００
重量部に対して、４０〜１３０重量部が好ましく、より
好ましくは６０〜９０重量部である。４０重量部より少
ないと、コンクリート中のモルタル部分の容積が増加
し、コンクリートの比重が大きくなる。１３０重量部よ
り多いと、コンクリートが粗々しく、かつ分離しやすく
なり成形が困難になる。The amount of ultra-lightweight coarse aggregate used is 100% cement.
The amount is preferably 40 to 130 parts by weight, more preferably 60 to 90 parts by weight, based on parts by weight. If it is less than 40 parts by weight, the volume of the mortar portion in the concrete increases and the specific gravity of the concrete increases. If the amount is more than 130 parts by weight, the concrete becomes coarse and easily separated, and molding becomes difficult.
【００１４】本発明で使用する完全閉鎖型中空球体のセ
ラミック質軽量発泡材は、コンクリートの軽量化と高強
度化、および上記超軽量骨材の浮き上がりなどの材料分
離の防止とコテ仕上げ性の向上など、コンクリートのワ
ーカビリチーを良好にすることを目的に使用するもので
ある。上記セラミック質軽量発泡材は、形状が完全な球
形の独立気泡体でポゾラン作用を有する骨材であり、従
来の軽量フィラーに比べ特に強度が大きい。また低比重
で吸水率も殆どなく、耐熱性にも優れている。The lightweight ceramic foam material of the completely closed hollow sphere used in the present invention is to reduce the weight and strength of concrete, prevent material separation such as floating of the above ultralight aggregate, and improve the iron finish. Etc. are used for the purpose of improving the workability of concrete. The ceramic lightweight foam material is an aggregate having a perfect spherical shape and a pozzolanic action, and has a particularly high strength as compared with conventional lightweight fillers. Also, it has a low specific gravity, almost no water absorption, and excellent heat resistance.
【００１５】セラミック質軽量発泡材は、化学成分は二
酸化珪素(SiO2)が約６０％、酸化アルミニュウム(Al
2O3) が約４０％、相組成としてはムライトが多い高強
度、高耐熱性のフライアッシュバルーンで、小野田セメ
ント（株）商品名「マイクロセルズ」の場合、オースト
ラリアを原産国とするフライアッシュバルーンである。
このセラミック質軽量発泡材は、灰分が約３０％の石炭
を燃料としている石炭火力発電所で発生するフライアッ
シュから製造されるものであり、日本国内の石炭火力発
電所では、灰分が約１０％以下の石炭を燃料としている
ので、この種のセラミック質のフライアッシュバルーン
は発生しない。The ceramic lightweight foam material has a chemical composition of about 60% silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and aluminum oxide (Al).
2 O 3 ) is about 40% and has a high strength and heat resistance fly ash balloon with a lot of mullite as a phase composition. In the case of Onoda Cement Co., Ltd.'s product name "Microcells", fly ash originated from Australia. It is a balloon.
This lightweight ceramic foam material is produced from fly ash generated at a coal-fired power plant that uses coal with an ash content of about 30%, and at a coal-fired power plant in Japan, the ash content is about 10%. Since the following coal is used as the fuel, this type of ceramic fly ash balloon does not occur.
【００１６】セラミックス質軽量発泡材は、この種のフ
ライアッシュを比重選鉱して製造されるものであり、小
野田セメント（株）商品名「マイクロセルズ」の場合、
粒度は概ね３５０μm 以下、外観は白色粉末状、４０％
生存する液圧での圧縮強度は７００kgf/cm2 、かさ比重
は概ね０．４、融点は１，６００℃、熱伝導率は０．１
W/m ℃、pHは６〜８、化学成分は二酸化珪素(SiO2)が６
０％弱、酸化アルミニュウム(Al2O3) が３８％強で、こ
の他に、酸化鉄(Fe2O3) が０．４％程度、石灰(CaO) が
０．２％程度、酸化チタン(TiO2)が１％程度で、相組成
はムライトが約５５％、ガラスが約４５％である。The lightweight ceramic foam material is produced by subjecting fly ash of this kind to specific gravity, and in the case of Onoda Cement's trade name "Microcells",
Particle size is about 350 μm or less, appearance is white powder, 40%
Compressive strength under viable liquid pressure is 700kgf / cm 2 , bulk specific gravity is 0.4, melting point is 1600 ℃, thermal conductivity is 0.1.
W / m ℃, pH 6-8, chemical composition is silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) 6
A little less than 0%, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) is over 38%, iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) is about 0.4%, lime (CaO) is about 0.2%, titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) is about 1%, and the phase composition is about 55% for mullite and about 45% for glass.
【００１７】また、これとは別に、イギリス、アメリカ
および中国などを原産国とするフライアッシュバルーン
もあるが、上記記載のセラミックス質軽量発泡材とは化
学成分が異なり強度も小さい。たとえばイギリスを原産
国とするフライアッシュバルーンは、外観は灰色粉末
状、５０％生存する液圧での圧縮強度は１００〜１２０
kgf/cm2 程度で、化学成分としては二酸化珪素(SiO2)、
酸化アルミニュウム(Al2O3) の他に、酸化鉄(Fe2O3) が
比較的に多く、酸化ナトリウム(Na2O)や酸化カリウム(K
a2O)も含まれており、強度も小さい。Apart from this, there are fly ash balloons originating in the United Kingdom, the United States, China, etc., but the chemical composition is different from the above-mentioned ceramic lightweight foam material, and the strength is low. For example, fly ash balloons originating in the United Kingdom have a gray powder appearance and are 50% viable, and have a compressive strength of 100 to 120 at hydraulic pressure.
It is approximately kgf / cm 2 , and its chemical composition is silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ),
In addition to aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) is relatively large, and sodium oxide (Na 2 O) and potassium oxide (K
a 2 O) is also included and the strength is low.
【００１８】セラミックス質軽量発泡材は、絶乾比重が
０．６〜０．９程度、好ましくは０．７４〜０．７８程
度で、粒度が３５０μm 以下のものを用いる。市販品に
は、小野田セメント（株）商品名「マイクロセルズ」が
ある。As the ceramic lightweight foam material, one having an absolute dry specific gravity of about 0.6 to 0.9, preferably about 0.74 to 0.78 and a particle size of 350 μm or less is used. The commercially available product is "Microcells", a trade name of Onoda Cement Co., Ltd.
【００１９】セラミックス質軽量発泡材の使用量は、セ
メント１００重量部に対して、５〜５０重量部で、好ま
しくは１０〜３０重量部である。１０重量部より少ない
と、コンクリートが粗々しくなり、骨材の浮き上がりな
どの材料分離が発生して成形が困難になる。５０重量部
より多いと、コンクリートの粘性が過大となり、流動性
が悪化して成形が困難になる。The amount of the lightweight ceramic foam material used is 5 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount is less than 10 parts by weight, the concrete becomes coarse, and material separation such as floating of aggregate occurs and molding becomes difficult. If the amount is more than 50 parts by weight, the viscosity of the concrete becomes excessive, the fluidity deteriorates, and molding becomes difficult.
【００２０】[0020]
【作用】本発明で、上記超軽量骨材は、コンクリートに
使用すると絶乾比重が著しく小さいため、コンクリート
の比重を大幅に小さくすることができ、骨材自体の圧縮
強度や圧潰強度が大きいため、コンクリートの強度を低
下させない。また、超軽量骨材の内部気泡は、完全な独
立気泡であり、吸水率がきわめて小さいので、プレウェ
ッチングを行わなくてもコンクリートに使用できると共
に、粒形が球に近く表面がなめらかなので、ボールベア
リング作用により単位水量を大幅に低減することができ
る。したがって、超軽量骨材は、これらの優れた性能に
より、コンクリートに使用すると必要な強度と耐久性を
維持しつつコンクリートを軽量化することができる。In the present invention, since the ultralight aggregate has a remarkably low absolute dry specific gravity when used for concrete, the specific gravity of the concrete can be significantly reduced, and the aggregate itself has high compressive strength and crush strength. , Does not reduce the strength of concrete. Also, the internal bubbles of the ultra-light aggregate are completely closed cells and have a very low water absorption rate, so they can be used for concrete without pre-wetting, and the grain shape is close to a sphere and the surface is smooth. The ball bearing action can significantly reduce the unit water volume. Therefore, the super lightweight aggregate can reduce the weight of concrete while maintaining the required strength and durability when used in concrete due to these excellent properties.
【００２１】本発明で上記セラミック質軽量発泡材は、
粗粒率が概ね０．３５と小さく、低比重で吸水率も殆ど
なく、ポゾラン作用を有する骨材であり、骨材自体の強
度も大きいため、コンクリートに超軽量骨材と併用して
使用すると以下に示す作用により、コンクリートの軽量
化と高強度化ならびにワーカビリチーの向上を更に促進
させる相乗効果を得ることができる。In the present invention, the above-mentioned ceramic lightweight foam material is
The coarse grain ratio is as small as 0.35, it has a low specific gravity and almost no water absorption, and it is an aggregate having a pozzolanic action. Since the aggregate itself has a large strength, when it is used in combination with super lightweight aggregate in concrete, Due to the following actions, it is possible to obtain a synergistic effect that further promotes weight reduction and strength increase of concrete and improvement of workability.
【００２２】また、超軽量細骨材は、粒度分布として
は、１．２mm以上の部分が多く、１．２mm以下の粒度の
小さい部分が不足しているので、セラミック質軽量発泡
材を細骨材として使用すると、この不足した粒度の部分
を補充することができる。In addition, the ultra-light fine aggregate has a large particle size distribution of 1.2 mm or more and lacks a small particle size of 1.2 mm or less. When used as a lumber, it is possible to replenish the portion of this lacking grain size.
【００２３】セラミック質軽量発泡材は、コンクリート
に使用すると、超軽量骨材に付着して骨材の表面を粗面
化させると共に、骨材同志を接着させる作用と、３５０
μm以下の微粒分を多く含むことより、セメントペース
トの粘着性を大きくさせる作用より、超軽量骨材の浮き
上がりによる材料分離を防止することができる。また、
セラミック質軽量発泡材は、形状がほぼ完全な球形で、
そのボールベアリング効果により、コンクリートの流動
性を向上させ、コテ仕上げ性を向上させるなど、コンク
リートのワーカビリチーを良好にすることができる。When the ceramic lightweight foam material is used for concrete, it adheres to the ultralight aggregate to roughen the surface of the aggregate and to bond the aggregates together.
By including a large amount of fine particles of μm or less, it is possible to prevent the material separation due to the floating of the ultralight aggregate due to the effect of increasing the adhesiveness of the cement paste. Also,
The lightweight ceramic foam material is almost spherical in shape,
Due to the ball bearing effect, the workability of concrete can be improved by improving the fluidity of concrete and improving the trowel finish.
【００２４】以上の作用により、セラミック質軽量発泡
材を超軽量骨材と併用して使用すると、骨材の浮き上が
りによる材料分離が発生せず、流動性およびコテ仕上げ
性などのワーカビリチーが良く、気泡を混入しなくても
コンクリートの気乾比重（気乾単位容積質量）０．８〜
１．２程度、オートクレーブ養生不要で圧縮強度３００
kgf/cm2程度が得られる超軽量コンクリート組成物が得
られる。Due to the above actions, when the ceramic lightweight foam is used in combination with the ultralight aggregate, the material separation due to the floating of the aggregate does not occur, the workability such as fluidity and iron finish is good, and the bubbles are Air-dry specific gravity of concrete (air-dry unit volume mass) 0.8-
Approximately 1.2, autoclave curing is unnecessary and compression strength is 300
An ultra-lightweight concrete composition with a weight of about kgf / cm 2 can be obtained.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例および比較例によりさ
らに詳しく説明する。 ＜本発明に特有な使用材料＞ 細骨材 ：小野田セメント（株） エヌエルライト （絶乾比重０．８０、吸水率５．１％、粒度範囲５〜１．２mm） 粗骨材 ：小野田セメント（株） エヌエルライト （絶乾比重０．７５、吸水率３．０％、粒度範囲１５〜５mm） セラミック質軽量発泡材：小野田セメント（株） マイクロセルズ （絶乾比重０．７６、吸水率０．３％、粒度範囲０．３〜０．０２mm） ＜比較用の使用材料＞ 細骨材 ：メサライト工業（株） メサライト（頁岩系） （絶乾比重１．５８、吸水率１０．２％、粒度範囲５〜０mm） 粗骨材 ：メサライト工業（株） メサライト（頁岩系） （絶乾比重１．２６、吸水率８．１％、粒度範囲１５〜５mm） 無機質軽量発泡材 ：フヨーライト工業（株） フヨーライト（黒曜岩系） （絶乾比重０．６１、吸水率８．４％、粒度範囲１．２〜０mm） ＜その他の使用材料＞ セメント ：小野田セメント（株） 普通ポルトランドセメント 高性能減水剤 ：（株）花王 マイティー１５０ 気泡剤 ：三洋化成（株） Ｆｏー５０ なお、後述する各表には、無機質軽量発泡材のフヨーラ
イトおよびセラミック質軽量発泡材のマイクロセルズを
細骨材として記載した。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. <Materials specific to the present invention> Fine aggregate: Onoda Cement Co., Ltd. Nuellite (extra-dry specific gravity 0.80, water absorption 5.1%, particle size range 5 to 1.2 mm) Coarse aggregate: Onada Cement Nuellite Co., Ltd. (external dry specific gravity 0.75, water absorption 3.0%, particle size range 15-5 mm) Ceramic lightweight foam material: Onoda Cement Co., Ltd. Microcells (external dry specific gravity 0.76, water absorption) 0.3%, particle size range 0.3 to 0.02 mm) <Comparative materials used> Fine aggregate: Mesalite Industry Co., Ltd. Mesalite (shale system) (extra-dry specific gravity 1.58, water absorption 10.2%) , Grain size range 5 to 0 mm) Coarse aggregate: Mesalite Industry Co., Ltd. Mesalite (shale type) (extra-dry specific gravity 1.26, water absorption rate 8.1%, particle size range 15 to 5 mm) Inorganic lightweight foam material: Fuyolite industry ( Co., Ltd. Fuyolite (obsidian) (specific dryness of 0.6) 1, water absorption rate 8.4%, particle size range 1.2 to 0 mm) <Other materials used> Cement: Onoda Cement Co., Ltd. Ordinary Portland cement High-performance water reducing agent: Kao Mighty 150 Co., Ltd. Aeration agent: Sanyo Kasei ( Fo-50 Co., Ltd. In addition, in each table to be described later, fuyolite, which is an inorganic lightweight foam material, and microcells, which is a ceramic lightweight foam material, are described as fine aggregates.
【００２６】比較例１〜８ 表１に示す配合で、軽量コンクリートを練り混ぜ、コン
クリートのフレッシュ性状と硬化後の性状について試験
した。フレッシュ性状では、スランプ、空気量、比重
（単位容積質量）および材料分離（コンクリート中でバ
イブレータを１０秒間振動した時の骨材の浮き上がりの
有無）について試験した。硬化後の性状では、φ１００
×２００mmの供試体を成型し、蒸気養生（５０℃、３時
間）を行い、圧縮強度と気乾比重（単位容積質量）につ
いて試験した。Comparative Examples 1 to 8 Light-weight concrete having the composition shown in Table 1 was mixed and tested for the fresh property of concrete and the property after hardening. The fresh property was tested for slump, air content, specific gravity (unit volume mass) and material separation (whether or not the aggregate was lifted up when the vibrator was vibrated in concrete for 10 seconds). In the property after curing, φ100
A specimen of × 200 mm was molded, steam-cured (50 ° C., 3 hours), and tested for compressive strength and air-dry specific gravity (unit volume mass).
【００２７】[0027]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２８】結果を表１に示す。頁岩系の人工軽量骨材
であるメサライトを使用した軽量コンクリート（比較例
１、２）およびこれに気泡を１００l/m3混入した軽量コ
ンクリート（比較例３、４）は、気乾比重が１．４１〜
１．５８、材令２８日における比強度（圧縮強度／気乾
比重）が１５６〜２１８kgf/cm2 であった。一方、超軽
量骨材であるエヌエルライトを使用した軽量コンクリー
ト（比較例５〜７）およびこれにフヨーライトを併用し
た軽量コンクリート（比較例８）は、気乾比重が１．１
８〜１．２４、比強度が１４２〜２３８kgf/cm2 であ
り、メサライトを使用した軽量コンクリートと比べ、比
強度は同程度、気乾比重は大幅に軽量化した。しかし、
後者はコンクリート中でバイブレータを10秒間振動する
と骨材の浮き上がりによる材料分離が発生し、コテ仕上
げ性が悪化した。The results are shown in Table 1. Light-weight concrete using mesalite, which is a shale-based artificial lightweight aggregate (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), and light-weight concrete in which bubbles of 100 l / m 3 were mixed (Comparative Examples 3 and 4) had an air-dry specific gravity of 1. 41-
The specific strength (compressive strength / air-dry specific gravity) at 1.58 and 28 days of age was 156 to 218 kgf / cm 2 . On the other hand, the lightweight concrete using Nuellite which is an ultra-light aggregate (Comparative Examples 5 to 7) and the lightweight concrete using this in combination with Fuyolite (Comparative Example 8) have an air-dry specific gravity of 1.1.
It has a specific strength of 8 to 1.24 and a specific strength of 142 to 238 kgf / cm 2 , which is about the same as the specific strength of the lightweight concrete using mesalite, and the air-dry specific gravity is significantly reduced. But,
In the latter, when the vibrator was vibrated in concrete for 10 seconds, the material separation occurred due to the floating of the aggregate, which deteriorated the iron finish.
【００２９】比較例９〜１６ 表２に示す配合としたこと以外は比較例１と同様に行っ
た。Comparative Examples 9 to 16 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the formulations shown in Table 2 were used.
【００３０】[0030]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３１】結果を表２に示す。エヌエルライトとフヨ
ーライトを使用し、気泡を１００l/m3混入した軽量コン
クリート（比較例９）は、気乾比重が１．０６、比強度
が２０２kgf/cm2 であった。一方、メサライトとフヨー
ライトを使用した軽量コンクリート（比較例１０）およ
びこれに気泡を１００l/m3混入した軽量コンクリート
（比較例１１）は、気乾比重が１．３３および１．２
４、比強度が２０３kgf/cm2 および１７６kgf/cm2 であ
ったが、メサライトとマイクロセルズを併用して使用す
ると（比較例１２〜１５）、気乾比重が１．２７〜１．
４４、比強度が２００〜 ２２９kgf/cm2 となり、気乾
比重は同程度としながら、比強度が大きくなり、また骨
材の浮き上がりによる材料分離は発生せず、コテ仕上げ
性も良好となった。一方、マイクロセルズだけを使用し
た軽量モルタル（比較例１６）は、気乾比重が１．１
９、比強度が２４４kgf/cm2 であった。The results are shown in Table 2. Light-weight concrete (Comparative Example 9) in which 100 l / m 3 of air bubbles were mixed using enlight and fuyolite had an air-dry specific gravity of 1.06 and a specific strength of 202 kgf / cm 2 . On the other hand, the light-weight concrete using mesalite and fuyolite (Comparative Example 10) and the light-weight concrete in which bubbles are mixed in 100 l / m 3 (Comparative Example 11) have air-dry specific gravities of 1.33 and 1.2.
4. The specific strengths were 203 kgf / cm 2 and 176 kgf / cm 2 , but when mesalite and Microcells were used in combination (Comparative Examples 12 to 15), the air-dry specific gravity was 1.27 to 1.
44, the specific strength was 200 to 229 kgf / cm 2 , the specific strength was large while the air-dry specific gravity was about the same, the material separation did not occur due to the floating of the aggregate, and the iron finishing property was also good. On the other hand, the lightweight mortar using only Microcells (Comparative Example 16) has an air-dry specific gravity of 1.1.
9. The specific strength was 244 kgf / cm 2 .
【００３２】実施例１〜３ 表３に示す配合としたこと以外は比較例１と同様に行っ
た。Examples 1 to 3 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the formulations shown in Table 3 were used.
【００３３】[0033]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３４】結果を表３に示す。エヌエルライトとマイ
クロセルズを併用して使用した本発明の超軽量コンクリ
ートは、気乾比重が１．００〜１．０６、比強度が２８
２〜３０７kgf/cm2 であり、メサライトを使用した従来
の軽量コンクリートと比べ、気乾比重が大幅に軽量化し
たにもかかわらず、比強度も大幅に大きくなった。さら
に、コンクリート中でバイブレータを１０秒間振動して
も骨材の浮き上がりによる材料分離は発生せず、コテ仕
上げ性も良好であり、ワーカビリチーの良いコンクリー
トが得られた。The results are shown in Table 3. The ultra-lightweight concrete of the present invention, which is used by combining Nuellite and Microcells, has an air-dry specific gravity of 1.00 to 1.06 and a specific strength of 28.
It is 2 to 307 kgf / cm 2 , and compared with the conventional lightweight concrete using mesalite, although the air-dry specific gravity is significantly reduced, the specific strength is also significantly increased. Further, even if the vibrator was vibrated in the concrete for 10 seconds, the material separation due to the floating of the aggregate did not occur, the iron finish was good, and the concrete with good workability was obtained.
【００３５】図１に比較例１〜１６と実施例１〜３のコ
ンクリートの気乾比重と材令２８日における圧縮強度と
の関係を示す。実施例のコンクリートは比較例のコンク
リートと比べ、気乾比重が著しく小さいにもかかわらず
圧縮強度は同等または同等以上である。図２に比較例１
〜１６と実施例１〜３のコンクリートの気乾比重と材令
２８日における比強度（圧縮強度／気乾比重）との関係
を示す。実施例のコンクリートは比較例のコンクリート
と比べ、気乾比重が著しく小さいにもかかわらず比強度
は大きい。FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the air-dry specific gravities of the concretes of Comparative Examples 1 to 16 and Examples 1 to 3 and the compressive strength at 28 days of age. Compared with the concrete of the comparative example, the concrete of the example has a remarkably small air-dry specific gravity, but the compressive strength is equal to or higher than that. Comparative Example 1 in FIG.
16 to 16 and the air-dry specific gravities of the concrete of Examples 1 to 3 and the specific strength (compressive strength / air-dry specific gravity) at 28 days of age. Compared with the concrete of the comparative example, the concrete of the example has a significantly small air-dry specific gravity, but has a large specific strength.
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】上述したように、本発明によれば、コン
クリートの気乾比重（気乾単位容積質量）を０．８〜
１．２程度と小さくしても、骨材の浮き上がりによる材
料分離が発生せず、流動性およびコテ仕上げ性などワー
カビリチーが良く、高い圧縮強度たとえば３００kgf/cm
2 程度の超軽量、高強度のコンクリートが得られる。As described above, according to the present invention, the air-dry specific gravity (air-dry unit volume mass) of concrete is 0.8 to
Even if it is as small as 1.2, material separation due to floating of aggregate does not occur, workability such as fluidity and iron finish is good, and high compressive strength such as 300 kgf / cm
Super lightweight and high strength concrete of about 2 can be obtained.
【図１】比較例と実施例のコンクリートの気乾比重と材
令２８日における圧縮強度との関係を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between air-dry specific gravity of concretes of Comparative Examples and Examples and compressive strength at 28 days of age.
【図２】比較例と実施例のコンクリートの気乾比重と材
令２８日における比強度との関係を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the air-dry specific gravity of concretes of Comparative Examples and Examples and the specific strength at 28 days of age.
Claims (3)
を造粒し焼成してなる超軽量骨材と、完全閉鎖型中空球
体のセラミックス質軽量発泡材とを主成分として、水と
混練してなることを特徴とする超軽量コンクリート組成
物。1. A cement, an ultra-lightweight aggregate obtained by granulating porous biotite rhyolite fine powder and firing, and a lightweight ceramics foam material of a completely closed hollow sphere, and water. An ultralight concrete composition characterized by being kneaded.
焼成してなる超軽量骨材の絶乾比重が０．５〜１．２で
あることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の超軽量コンクリ
ート組成物。2. The super dry aggregate obtained by granulating and firing the porous biotite rhyolite fine powder has an absolute dry specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.2. The described ultra-lightweight concrete composition.
質軽量発泡材の絶乾比重が０．６〜０．９であることを
特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の超軽量コンクリー
ト組成物。3. The ultra-lightweight concrete composition according to claim 1, wherein the completely light weight specific gravity of the ceramic lightweight foam material of the completely closed hollow sphere is 0.6 to 0.9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32141994A JP4128231B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Ultralight concrete composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32141994A JP4128231B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Ultralight concrete composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08157278A true JPH08157278A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
| JP4128231B2 JP4128231B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
Family
ID=18132342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32141994A Expired - Fee Related JP4128231B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Ultralight concrete composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4128231B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11180752A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-06 | Ube Ind Ltd | Mortar composition |
| WO2009035594A3 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-07-09 | Thuan H Bui | Lightweight structural concrete provided various wood properties |
| US7736431B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-06-15 | Bui Thuan H | Lightweight structural concrete provided with various wood properties |
-
1994
- 1994-11-30 JP JP32141994A patent/JP4128231B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11180752A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-06 | Ube Ind Ltd | Mortar composition |
| US7736431B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-06-15 | Bui Thuan H | Lightweight structural concrete provided with various wood properties |
| US7799129B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-09-21 | Thuan Bui | Lightweight structural concrete provided with various wood properties |
| US8167996B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2012-05-01 | Thuan Bui | Lightweight structural concrete provided with various wood properties |
| WO2009035594A3 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-07-09 | Thuan H Bui | Lightweight structural concrete provided various wood properties |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4128231B2 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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