JPH0815496B2 - Extinguishing method and extinguishing device with halide gas extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing apparatus using a halide gas extinguishing agent, which is used for extinguishing a fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various methods have been used to extinguish a fire. First of all, there is water injection from fire pumps and sprinklers. In addition, a method of extinguishing by injecting carbon dioxide is also used. Furthermore, the powder fire extinguishing method, the foam fire extinguishing method, etc. are also performed. However, each of the above methods has the following drawbacks. That is, the method of injecting water is not suitable for extinguishing fires related to electric devices because water does not have electrical insulation properties, and after extinguishing water, it is flooded with water, resulting in great damage to water discharge.

Further, the method of injecting carbon dioxide gas is dangerous to the human body. In addition, the foam extinguishing method described above is not suitable for extinguishing fires related to electric devices because the foam extinguishing agent used has no electrical insulating property, and has a problem in treatment after the extinguishing. In addition, the above-described powder extinguishing method is not preferable because the powder has corrosive properties and is difficult to remove afterwards.

[0004]

As a method for solving the above problems, a halide gas extinguishing agent such as CF ₃ B is used.
r (Halon 1301), CF ₂ BrCl (Halon 121
1), C ₂ F ₄ Br ₂ (Halon 2402), CHF ₂ B
A fire extinguishing method using r (FM-100) or the like is used.

According to such a method, all of the various drawbacks of the above-described fire extinguishing methods can be eliminated. For example, taking the Halon 1301 as an example, it has electrical insulation properties, does not pose a hazard to the human body, does not have corrosive properties, and is extremely easy to remove after the fact. However, the fire extinguishing method using the Halon 1301 or the like also has the following problems. It is because the above-mentioned halide gas fire extinguishing agents are diffused into the atmosphere after use, thereby destroying the ozone layer surrounding the earth, forming ozone holes and increasing the amount of ultraviolet rays passing through, resulting in cancer patients. Is said to have the potential to increase.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is not to destroy the ozone layer and thus increase the amount of ultraviolet rays passing therethrough, as described above.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing apparatus using a halide gas fire extinguishing agent, which does not cause human damage due to the increase in ultraviolet rays, that is, increase in cancer patients. Further, there are the following problems other than the above. To solve the above problem, the inventor of the present invention conducted a study to cool and recover the halon 1301 released into the air, for example, but it was not possible at first. For this reason, for example, when the halon 1301 used for extinguishing a fire is recovered and cooled, for unknown reasons, a large amount of water is generated and mixed in the recovered halon 1301 gas. The inside of the flexible pipe is frozen to be tied, the subsequent halon 1301 cannot pass, and the operation of the device is stopped. The present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing method and a fire extinguishing device using a halide fire extinguisher, which can solve the above problems together and can recover the halide fire extinguisher well.

[0007]

With respect to the present invention which achieves the above object, first, a fire extinguishing method will be described. The fire extinguishing agent 1 extinguishes a fire from a fire extinguisher 1 to extinguish the fire. The halide gas fire extinguisher and the water generated by the reaction between the halide gas fire extinguisher and the flame of the fire are communicated with each other through a water separator 35 and are cooled by a refrigerant from the outside. , A first liquefying section 42 formed in a plurality of serpentine shapes
And a second liquefying section 43, wherein the water produced by the reaction is separated by the water separator 35, and the halide fire extinguishing agent is cooled to below its boiling point and liquefied to be recovered. It is a method of extinguishing with a gas extinguishing agent. Further, the refrigerant is the extinguishing method using the halide gas extinguishing agent which is liquid nitrogen.

Next, the fire extinguisher will be described. It is a fire extinguisher 1 for injecting a halide gas extinguishing agent, and the ejected halide gas extinguishant produced by a reaction between the halide gas and a flame of a fire. A compressor 31 for sucking together with water, a serpentine first liquefying section 42 and a second liquefying section 43 provided via a water separator 35 communicating with the compressor 31 for separating water generated by the reaction, Cryogenic concentrator 2 for accommodating both first and second liquefaction parts 42 and 43, and cooling and liquefying the first and second liquefaction parts 42 and 43 with a refrigerant to a temperature below the boiling point of the halide gas extinguishant
And a device for supplying a refrigerant to the cryogenic concentrating device 2, which is a fire extinguishing device using a halide gas extinguishing agent. The refrigerant is a fire extinguisher using the above-mentioned halide gas fire extinguisher which is liquid nitrogen.

[0009]

[Function] The reason why a large amount of water is produced when a halide gas fire extinguisher is acted on the flame is presumed as follows as a result of earnest research. That is, free H or OH in the flame
It is involved in the chain reaction of flames, but H in it
Abstracts the halogen atoms in the halon. It then reacts with the OH to yield water, separating the halogen atoms. By repeating this, H and OH in the flame are consumed, the chain reaction of the flame is interrupted, and the flame is extinguished. The halogen atom useful for this repetition would be Br in halon. That is, it will be as follows. RX + H → R + HX ………… (1) HX + OH → H ₂ O + X ………… (2) H + X → HX ……………… (3) where RX is halon, H is hydrogen atom, and R is alkyl. Residue, HX is hydrogen halide, OH is hydroxyl radical, H ₂
O represents water and X represents halogen. In the present invention, the serpentine first liquefying section 42 and the second liquefying section 43 in the cryogenic concentrator 2 are provided with the water separator 35 for separating the water generated in the reaction. Since the water generated by the reaction between the halide gas extinguishing agent and the flame is separated here, the first and second liquefying sections 42 and 43 are not clogged with ice, and the halide gas extinguishing agent is not included. Can be liquefied and recovered continuously by cooling to below its boiling point. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the risk of an increase in cancer patients due to an increase in passing ultraviolet rays due to the destruction of the ozone layer, as described in the conventional example.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a fire extinguisher, which discharges a halide gas fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguisher 1 is, for example, a ceiling-mounted sprinkler type, and includes a cylinder 9, a valve 10 thereof, a pipe 11, a nozzle 12 and the like. Then, the above-described halide gas extinguishing agent 13 is liquefied and accommodated in the cylinder 9, and the extinguishing agent 13 is manually opened by opening the valve 10 to inject the halide gas extinguishing agent from the nozzle 12. It is like this. In this case, the liquid extinguishant 13 is vaporized and injected by opening the valve 10. The cylinder 9 has a three-way valve (not shown), and has a discharge part 14 and an intake part 15.

Next, 4 is a room of a building or a building as described above, which is formed by having a ceiling 8, a side wall 16 and a floor 17, and a space 18 is provided on the floor 17 as an example. A heavy floor 19 is provided. In this case, the opening 5 is formed in a part of the double floor 19, and the suction pipe 20 is provided in the space 18. Reference numeral 21 denotes a large number of suction ports formed in the suction pipe 20, one end 22 of the suction pipe 20.
Is closed, and the other end 23 is connected to the communication part 6 of the cryogenic concentrator 2. 24 is a hole and 25 is a packing.

The suction method using the double floor 19 is an example, and other suction methods shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 may be used. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes the side wall 16.
A connecting pipe fitted in a hole 27 formed in the lower portion, and connected to a communicating portion 6 of the cryogenic concentrator 2 by a coupler 28. In FIG. 3, 20 is a suction pipe provided in the communication part 6, 5 is an opening, and the suction pipe 20 is used by being inserted into the opening 5 formed in the side wall 16 from the outside. Reference numeral 21 is a suction port, and 29 is a packing made of an elastic material.

Next, in FIG. 4, reference numeral 30 denotes an opening / closing window,
The suction tube 20 provided at the tip of the flexible communication part 6 is inserted into the opening 5 formed by opening the opening / closing window 30 for use. You may form in this way. The kind of the halide gas extinguishing agent and the like are as described above, but in the case of the example, CF ₃ Br (Halon 1301) was used as an example. Next, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 2 is a cryogenic concentrator, and in the present invention, the cryogenic concentrator is an apparatus capable of condensing a gas by cooling it to approximately -50 ° C. or lower, and includes a compressor 31 and a heat exchanger 32. It has a cooling device 33, a recovery tank 34, and the like.

Reference numeral 35 is a water separator, 36 is a water tank, 37 is a solid separator, 38 is a temperature controller, and 39 is a controller. Reference numeral 40 denotes an inlet for liquid nitrogen, and 41 denotes injected liquid nitrogen. The heat exchanger 32 includes a first liquefaction unit 42, a second liquefaction unit 43 and a third liquefaction unit 44 as shown in the figure.
In the first liquefying section 42, the first liquefying section 42 is cooled to about -75 ° C to -90 ° C and dehydrated. This is because when a fire is extinguished by a halon, water is generated as described above, and that water is removed.If this is not done, ice will be generated and the pipe will be clogged, and the following liquefaction of the halide gas extinguishant will occur. You cannot do it.

Then, in the second liquefying section 43, almost-
Almost 90% of the extinguishing agent is liquefied by cooling to about 90 ° C to -120 ° C, and is cooled to about -120 ° C to -150 ° C in the third liquefying section 44, and the remaining amount. Are almost 100% collected in a sherbet form. The sherbet-shaped product is naturally heated in the solid separator 37 to be liquefied. However, a heater may be provided for this liquefaction. Further, in the figure, 45 is a discharge port, 46 is a filter, 47 is a valve, 48 is piping, 4
9 indicates a pump. Then, the recovered halide gas extinguishant is discharged from the discharge port 45 and stored in the heat insulating cylinder 50 shown in FIG. In the figure, 51 is a heat insulating material such as foamed resin, 52 is an inner container, and 53 is a moving device.

Next, reference numeral 3 shown in FIG. 1 is a recirculation device, which can recirculate the recovered extinguishant to the cylinder 9 by the pump 49 and the pipe 54. This is because the cylinder 9 has a three-way valve (not shown), and the intake portion 15
By feeding from above, it is not necessary to use a high-pressure feeding device. You may collect in this way. However, such recovery is limited to the case where the fire extinguishing agent is misfired.

In such a case, the recovered fire extinguishing agent can be used as it is. In the case of the fire extinguishing agent actually used for fire (Halon 1301 as an example), water is generated by the action of bromine contained in the extinguishing agent and the composition changes, so it can be reused as it is. First, the fire extinguisher manufacturer will recycle. It should be noted that the above-mentioned amount of erroneous firing is said to be approximately 1,500 tons per year worldwide. And since water is produced by the action of the bromine content as described above, unless dehydration is performed between the first cooling unit 42 and the second cooling unit 43 as described above, the water becomes ice and clogging occurs, It is inevitable that the cooling device 33 becomes inoperable.

Next, 55 is an air hole having an opening / closing lid 56. The lid 56 is an elastic lid that can be freely opened and closed by a loosely formed hinge 57. Normally, the lid 56 is closed, but the gas in the room 4 is sucked by the operation of the compressor 31 so that the room 4 is closed. Becomes a negative pressure and is easily released. However, the opening / closing lid 56 may be a lid 58 that is opened / closed by an actuator 57 such as a solenoid as shown in FIG. It should be noted that the nozzle 12 may be formed so as to automatically operate by providing a fire sensor inside the chamber 4.

The operation of this embodiment will be described. The halide gas extinguishing agent released for extinguishing the fire in the room 4 is sucked and compressed by the operation of the compressor 31, and the first liquefaction of the cooling device 33. Part 42
Then, it is cooled to about -75 ° C to -90 ° C and dehydrated. The water generated by the action of the flame is the water separator 3
It is housed in 5. Next, in the second liquefaction part 43, -90 °
When cooled to about C to -120 ° C, almost 9% of the extinguishing agent
0% is liquefied. And the remaining extinguishant is the third liquefaction part 4
In 4, the sample is cooled to about -120 ° C to -150 ° C and becomes semi-solid, almost sherbet-like, and is almost completely separated. In this case, the solid matter contained in the fire extinguishing agent is separated in the solid matter separator 37. The air separated at the time of liquefaction in the second and third cooling units 42 and 43 passes through the cooling device 33 as clean air and is discharged into the atmosphere from the exhaust port 59 of the cooling device 33 together with the liquid nitrogen gas. Is discharged. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 60 indicates a cold insulation material.

The halide gas extinguishing agent used for the fire as described above is recovered. Next, regarding the air holes 55, although not shown in the drawings, in another embodiment, an air blower such as a fan that blows air into the room 4 was provided. In another embodiment, an air blower having a heater is provided. In such a device, when the compressor 31 is actuated to suck the extinguishant in the room 4, air or heated air is introduced into the upper layer of the extinguishant to pressurize the extinguishant downward, and the suction by the compressor 31 is applied. It was done in order to be effective. Since the fire extinguisher is provided with the compressor 31, it has an extremely simple structure, and performs both liquefaction by compressing and cooling the halide gas extinguishant and removal of the halide gas extinguishant in the room 4 at once. be able to.

Liquid nitrogen 41 is provided at the bottom of the cooling device 33.
Is supplied to form a slope in which the temperature increases as it goes upwards,
The water separator 35 is connected by supplying the sucked halide gas extinguishant from above the cooling device 33, that is, from the higher temperature to the lower temperature, and in the first cooling section 42. By cooling and removing water generated by the action of the halide gas fire extinguishing agent on the flame, clogging of the second and third cooling parts 43 and 44 is prevented, and the halide gas fire extinguishing is smoothly performed there. It is possible to liquefy and recover the agent. Further, since liquid nitrogen is used as the refrigerant, even if it is released into the atmosphere together with the clean air, no pollution is caused at all.

[0022]

As described above, the reason why a large amount of water is produced when a halide gas fire extinguishing agent is applied to a flame is presumed as follows. That is, there is free H or OH in the flame and it is involved in the chain reaction of the flame, but H in it is to pull out the halogen atom in the halon.
It then reacts with the OH to yield water, separating the halogen atoms. By repeating this, H and O in the flame
H is exhausted, the chain reaction of flame is interrupted, and the flame is extinguished. The halogen atom useful for this repetition would be Br in halon. That is, it will be as follows. RX + H → R + HX ……………… (1) HX + OH → H ₂ O + X ………… (2) H + X → HX ……………… (3) where RX is a halon, H is a hydrogen atom, and R is Alkyl residue, HX is hydrogen halide, OH is hydroxyl radical, H ₂
O represents water and X represents halogen. Further, in the present invention, the first cooling device 42 having a serpentine shape in the cryogenic concentrator 2 is provided.
The second cooling device 43 and the second cooling device 43 are provided with the water separator 35 for separating the water generated in the reaction, so that the water generated by the reaction between the halide gas extinguishing agent and the flame is separated here. Therefore, the first and second cooling devices 42 and 43 are not clogged with ice, and the halide gas fire extinguishing agent can be cooled below its boiling point and continuously liquefied and recovered. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the risk of an increase in cancer patients due to an increase in passing ultraviolet rays due to the destruction of the ozone layer, as described in the conventional example.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and schematically showing a fire extinguisher using a halide gas fire extinguisher.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention, showing a connection portion of the fire extinguisher to a side wall of a room.

FIG. 3 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, showing a connection portion of the fire extinguisher to a side wall of a room.

FIG. 4 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention and showing a connecting portion of the fire extinguisher to a side wall of a room.

FIG. 5 is a view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, showing an air port formed in a room and an opening / closing device thereof.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a heat insulating container for containing the recovered halide gas extinguishing agent.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fire extinguisher 2 Cryogenic concentrator 3 Reflux device 4 Room 5 Opening 6 Communication part

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Yuzo Tada 3-15-4, Kishimachi, Urawa-shi, Saitama (72) Inventor Atsushi Yoshida 2-20301, Kagino-nishi, Joto-ku, Osaka, Osaka (56) References JP-A-56-28626 (JP, A)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fire extinguisher is injected from a fire extinguisher to extinguish a fire to extinguish the fire, and the injected halide gas fire extinguishing agent is mixed with the halide gas fire extinguisher and the flame of the fire. To the first liquefying section 42 and the second liquefying section 43, which are formed in a plurality of serpentine tubes and which are made to communicate with each other through the water separator 35 and cooled by the refrigerant from the outside together with the water generated by the reaction. A fire extinguishing method using a halogenated gas fire extinguisher, which comprises supplying and separating water produced by the reaction by the water separator 35, cooling the halide fire extinguisher to a temperature equal to or lower than its boiling point, and liquefying the same. . 2. A fire extinguishing method using a halide gas fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen. 3. A fire extinguisher 1 for injecting a halide gas extinguishing agent, and a compressor for sucking the ejected halide gas extinguishant together with water generated by a reaction between the halide gas extinguishing agent and a fire flame. The first liquefying section 4 in the form of a serpentine, which is provided via 31 and a water separator 35 that communicates with the compressor 31 and separates the water generated by the reaction.
2 and the second liquefying section 43, the first and second liquefying sections 42,
43, and the first and second liquefying sections 42 and 43 are cooled by a refrigerant to a temperature not higher than the boiling point of the halide gas extinguishing agent,
A fire extinguisher using a halide gas extinguishing agent, comprising a cryogenic concentrating device 2 for liquefying and a device for supplying a refrigerant to the cryogenic concentrating device 2. 4. The fire extinguisher with a halide gas fire extinguisher according to claim 3, wherein the refrigerant is liquid nitrogen.