JPH0815397B2 - High voltage generator - Google Patents
High voltage generatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0815397B2 JPH0815397B2 JP62181503A JP18150387A JPH0815397B2 JP H0815397 B2 JPH0815397 B2 JP H0815397B2 JP 62181503 A JP62181503 A JP 62181503A JP 18150387 A JP18150387 A JP 18150387A JP H0815397 B2 JPH0815397 B2 JP H0815397B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- high voltage
- superconducting
- switch
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は瞬間的に高い電圧を発生させる高電圧発生装
置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high voltage generator that instantaneously generates a high voltage.
従来の技術 第５図は従来の高電圧発生装置の基本回路の一例を示
す回路図である。適当な直流高電圧の充電回路から充電
用高抵抗ｒを経由してコンデンサＣが充電される。Ｃの
充電電圧が充分に高くなると、火花ギャップＧが放電
し、Ｃの充電電荷はRs,LおよびRoを通して放電する。そ
の際、放電抵抗Roの端子間に現われる電圧が衝撃電圧波
形となり瞬間的にVoは高電圧となる。この原理を利用し
て、コンデンサＣを多数接続し、多量の電荷を蓄えるこ
とにより雷試験器等が実現されている。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a basic circuit of a conventional high voltage generator. The capacitor C is charged from an appropriate DC high voltage charging circuit via the charging high resistance r. When the charging voltage of C becomes sufficiently high, the spark gap G is discharged, and the charging charge of C is discharged through Rs, L and Ro. At that time, the voltage appearing between the terminals of the discharge resistance R o becomes a shock voltage waveform, and V o instantaneously becomes a high voltage. By utilizing this principle, a large number of capacitors C are connected and a large amount of electric charge is stored to realize a lightning tester or the like.
コンデンサに電荷を蓄える代わりに、コイルに磁気エ
ネルギーを蓄えて高電圧を発生させるものとしては蛍光
灯の点灯装置等が実用化されている。第６図はグロー放
電管を用いた蛍光灯点灯装置の回路図である。スイッチ
SWを閉じるとグロー放電管Grにグロー放電が発生し、こ
の熱によりグロー放電管Gr内のバイメタルが動いて接点
が接し短絡する。短絡後、バイメタルは戻り接点が開
き、再びグロー放電が開始して短絡とグロー放電が繰り
返される。チョークコイルLcの誘電キックにより発生す
る高電圧が蛍光灯を放電開始させるのに充分な電圧とな
るだけの磁気エネルギーがチョークコイルLcに蓄わえら
れた時に、前記グロー放電管Grの接点が開けば前記誘導
キックにより蛍光灯は点灯する。A fluorescent lamp lighting device or the like has been put into practical use as a device for storing a magnetic energy in a coil to generate a high voltage instead of storing a charge in a capacitor. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a fluorescent lamp lighting device using a glow discharge tube. switch
When SW is closed, glow discharge is generated in the glow discharge tube Gr, and the heat causes the bimetal in the glow discharge tube Gr to move, causing the contacts to come into contact and short-circuit. After the short circuit, the return contact of the bimetal opens, glow discharge starts again, and short circuit and glow discharge are repeated. When the high voltage generated by the dielectric kick of the choke coil Lc is stored in the choke coil Lc with enough magnetic energy to start the discharge of the fluorescent lamp, the contact of the glow discharge tube Gr is opened. For example, the fluorescent lamp is turned on by the induction kick.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 コンデンサに蓄えられた電荷の放電による高電圧発生
器は、１つのコンデンサに蓄えられる電荷量の現実的な
限界により非常に少なく、多数のコンデンサを用いてお
り非常に規模の大きい装置となっている。又、コイルに
磁気エネルギーのかたちで蓄えたエネルギーを電気的に
取り出す高電圧発生器は、蓄えられるエネルギーの現実
的な限界によりあまり用いられない。Problems to be Solved by the Invention A high-voltage generator by discharging electric charge stored in a capacitor is very small due to a practical limit of the amount of electric charge stored in one capacitor, and a large number of capacitors are used. It is a large-scale device. Further, a high voltage generator that electrically extracts the energy stored in the coil in the form of magnetic energy is rarely used because of the practical limit of the stored energy.
磁気エネルギーを多く蓄えるにはコイルに大きなイン
ダクタンスＬが必要である。Ｌを大きくする為にコイル
の巻線の巻数を多くすれば巻線が長くなって電気抵抗に
よる電力損失が大きくなる。同じ磁界で多くの磁束を得
て磁気エネルギーの拡大を図る目的で磁性体を芯に用い
ると、その磁性体の磁化特性における磁束密度の飽和に
より制限を受けることになる。In order to store a large amount of magnetic energy, the coil needs a large inductance L. If the number of turns of the coil is increased in order to increase L, the length of the coil becomes longer and the power loss due to electric resistance increases. If a magnetic body is used as a core for the purpose of obtaining a large amount of magnetic flux in the same magnetic field to expand the magnetic energy, the magnetic body is limited by the saturation of the magnetic flux density in the magnetization characteristic.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、スイッチと、直流電源と、超電導物質より
なるコイルと、超電導物質よりなる電線とを有し、前記
電線は前記コイルに電流が流れることにより発生する磁
界の影響を受ける位置に設置され、かつ前記電線と前記
コイルと前記スイッチと前記直流電源とが直列に接続さ
れ、前記スイッチの投入直後に前記電線の両端に瞬間的
に高電圧を発生されることを特徴とする高電圧発生装置
である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has a switch, a DC power supply, a coil made of a superconducting material, and an electric wire made of a superconducting material, the electric wire being a magnetic field generated by a current flowing through the coil. Installed in a position affected by the above, and the electric wire, the coil, the switch, and the DC power source are connected in series, and a high voltage is instantaneously generated at both ends of the electric wire immediately after the switch is turned on. Is a high voltage generator.
作用 本発明は前記した構成により、コイルに電流が流れて
必要な磁気エネルギーを蓄えると、この磁気エネルギー
を発生させている磁界の大きさを超電導物質の電線が検
知し、超電導状態から常電導状態へ急激に相変化して高
抵抗となる事により、前記コイルによる誘導キックを発
生させて高電圧を取り出すものである。Action According to the present invention, when the current flows through the coil to store the required magnetic energy, the electric wire of the superconducting substance detects the magnitude of the magnetic field that generates this magnetic energy, and the superconducting state changes to the normal conducting state. By rapidly changing the phase to a high resistance, an induction kick is generated by the coil to take out a high voltage.
実施例 第１図は本発明の実施例における高電圧発生装置の回
路図を示すものである。同図において１は直流電源、２
はスイッチ、３と４は電源部と高電圧発生回路を接続す
る端子、５と６は高電圧発生端子、７は超電導物質より
なるコイル、８はコイル７のコイル内部に設置された超
電導物質よりなる電線である。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a DC power supply, 2
Is a switch, 3 and 4 are terminals for connecting a power supply unit and a high voltage generating circuit, 5 and 6 are high voltage generating terminals, 7 is a coil made of a superconducting material, 8 is a superconducting material installed inside the coil of the coil 7. It is an electric wire.
以上のように構成されたこの実施例の高電圧発生装置
について、以下その動作を説明する。スイッチ２を閉じ
る事により回路が動作をはじめるが、それまで超電導電
線８は超電導状態である。スイッチ２を閉じると、電源
１より回路へ電流が流れ込む。超電導電線８は超電導状
態であるので電気抵抗が殆ど無く、電流はコイル７のイ
ンダクタンスやわずかな回路内の抵抗に押えられて徐々
に増加する。これに伴ってコイル７には磁界が発生し、
超電導電線８はこの影響を受け、これが超電導状態の臨
界磁界に達したところで常電導状態へ相変化し高い電気
抵抗を示す。この常電導状態への相変化は急激に生じる
為、インダクタンスキックが発生して端子５−端子６間
に瞬間的に高い電圧を発生する。以下、その原理を第２
図を用いて説明する。The operation of the high voltage generator of this embodiment constructed as above will be described below. The circuit starts operating by closing the switch 2, but the superconducting wire 8 is in the superconducting state until then. When the switch 2 is closed, current flows from the power supply 1 into the circuit. Since the superconducting wire 8 is in a superconducting state, it has almost no electric resistance, and the current is gradually suppressed by the inductance of the coil 7 and a slight resistance in the circuit. Along with this, a magnetic field is generated in the coil 7,
The superconducting wire 8 is affected by this, and when it reaches the critical magnetic field in the superconducting state, it changes its phase to the normal conducting state and exhibits a high electric resistance. Since the phase change to the normal conducting state occurs rapidly, an inductance kick occurs and a high voltage is instantaneously generated between the terminals 5 and 6. Below, the principle is
This will be described with reference to the drawings.
第２図は第１図に示したこの実施例における高電圧発
生装置の等価回路図である。尚、第１図より置換の必要
の無い同一物については同一番号を使用し、詳細な説明
は省略する。L7はコイル７の有するインダクタンス、R7
は回路に存在するわずかな抵抗である。超電導線８は、
わずかに存在するインダクタンスL8、超電導−常電導状
態の切換わりを示すスイッチ９、常電導状態で示す高抵
抗R8の３つの素子の直列で考える。FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the high voltage generator in this embodiment shown in FIG. It should be noted that, from FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are used for the same components that do not need to be replaced, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. L 7 is the inductance of the coil 7, R 7
Is the slight resistance present in the circuit. The superconducting wire 8 is
Consider a series of three elements, an inductance L 8 which is slightly present, a switch 9 showing switching between a superconducting state and a normal conducting state, and a high resistance R 8 showing in the normal conducting state.
第２図においてスイッチ２を閉じる時、超電導電線８
は超電導状態でありスイッチ９は電気抵抗が零のａ側に
接続されているものと考えられる。この時に電源１より
回路に流れ込む電流ｉはR7,L7,L8と時刻ｔによって決定
され、下式に示す如く増加する。In FIG. 2, when the switch 2 is closed, the superconducting wire 8
Is in a superconducting state, and the switch 9 is considered to be connected to the a side where the electric resistance is zero. At this time, the current i flowing from the power source 1 into the circuit is determined by R 7 , L 7 , L 8 and time t, and increases as shown in the following equation.
E1:電源１の電圧 端子５と端子６の間にかかる電圧VSCは、 コイル７に発生する磁界Ｈは、 Ｈ＝ki （３） k:比例定数。充分に長いソレノイドの場合は単位長さ当
り巻数 となる。 E 1 : Voltage of power supply 1 Voltage V SC applied between terminals 5 and 6 is The magnetic field H generated in the coil 7 is H = ki (3) k: proportional constant. For a sufficiently long solenoid, the number of turns per unit length.
以上の如く時刻ｔに伴って電流ｉとコイル７に発生す
る磁界Ｈが増加し、ある時刻で超電導電線８は常電導状
態へ相変化する。この様子を第３図を用いて説明する。As described above, the current i and the magnetic field H generated in the coil 7 increase with the time t, and the superconducting wire 8 changes its phase to the normal conducting state at a certain time. This situation will be described with reference to FIG.
第３図は、本発明に用いる超電導物質の超電導−常電
導の状態を示す図である。第３図ａは超電導状態が温度
Ｔ、外部磁界Ｈ、内部電流Ｉの３つのパラメータによっ
て限定する事を示す一般的な図である。Tcは臨界温度、
Hcは臨界磁界、Icは臨界電流である。超電導状態は、こ
れらの点を通る曲線に囲まれた図示のハッチング内での
み成立する。尚、この特性は各々の超電導物質の種類、
形状等により決定される。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a superconducting-normal conducting state of the superconducting material used in the present invention. FIG. 3a is a general view showing that the superconducting state is limited by three parameters of temperature T, external magnetic field H, and internal current I. Tc is the critical temperature,
Hc is the critical magnetic field, I c is the critical current. The superconducting state is established only within the hatching shown in the figure, which is surrounded by a curve passing through these points. In addition, this characteristic is the kind of each superconducting material,
Determined by the shape etc.
第３図ｂは、第３図ａの温度Ｔを一定とした時の外部
磁界Ｈと内部電流Ｉと超電導−常導電状態との関係を示
す図である。Hc′はこの温度における臨界磁界、Ic′は
同じく臨界電流である。第１図に示した実施例におい
て、スイッチ２を閉じる時刻ｔ＝０においては、超電導
電線８に加わる外部磁界Ｈも内部電流もない。故に第３
図ｂにおいてｔ＝０で示された状態にあり、超電導状態
である。スイッチ２を閉じると（１）式により電流ｉ即
ち内部電流Ｉが増加し、（３）式により電流ｉに比例し
た外部磁界Ｈが発生し、実線10上を矢印11に従って移動
する。そして或る時刻ｔ＝tcにおいて、超電導−常電導
状態の境界に達し、常電導状態へ相変化する。この相変
化は瞬間的に生じる。（この時の磁界Hc″，電流Ic″
は、この実施例における臨界磁界，臨界温度である。） 第２図に戻り、超電導電線８の常電導へ相変化した時
刻tc以降の動作を説明する。超電導電線８は常電導時の
抵抗値R8を有し、即ち、スイッチ９がｂ側へ接続された
と考える事ができる。ここで、コイル７の磁束は連続的
に変化するので電流ｉも連続的に変化し、下記の動作を
する。FIG. 3b is a diagram showing the relationship between the external magnetic field H, the internal current I, and the superconducting-normal conductive state when the temperature T in FIG. 3a is constant. Hc 'is the critical magnetic field at this temperature and Ic' is also the critical current. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, at time t = 0 when the switch 2 is closed, there is no external magnetic field H or internal current applied to the superconducting wire 8. Therefore the third
It is in the state indicated by t = 0 in FIG. B and is in the superconducting state. When the switch 2 is closed, the current i, that is, the internal current I is increased by the equation (1), and the external magnetic field H proportional to the current i is generated by the equation (3), and the solid line 10 moves along the arrow 11 according to the arrow 11. Then, at a certain time t = t c , the boundary between the superconducting state and the normal conducting state is reached and the phase changes to the normal conducting state. This phase change occurs instantaneously. (At this time of the magnetic field Hc ", the current I c"
Are the critical magnetic field and critical temperature in this embodiment. 2) Returning to FIG. 2, the operation after the time t c when the phase of the superconducting wire 8 is changed to the normal conduction will be described. It can be considered that the superconducting wire 8 has a resistance value R 8 at the time of normal conduction, that is, the switch 9 is connected to the b side. Here, since the magnetic flux of the coil 7 changes continuously, the current i also changes continuously, and the following operation is performed.
Ｈ＝ni 以上の式より（R7,R8《R8,L7）であれば、ｔ＝tcにお
いてVscが非常に大きな電圧となる事が説明できる。な
お、超電導電線８が常電導状態へ相変化すると、ｉもＨ
も減少するので超電導状態へ戻ろうとする。実際には高
電圧を生じる時の発熱により温度Ｔが上昇してすぐには
超電導状態には戻らないが、超電導状態へ戻り、再び高
電圧を発生するのを避けたい場合には、最初の高電圧発
生を検知してスイッチ２を開くようにするのが良い。 H = ni From the above equation, if (R 7 , R 8 << R 8 , L 7 ), it can be explained that V sc becomes a very large voltage at t = t c . When the superconducting wire 8 undergoes a phase change to the normal conducting state, i also changes to H
Also decreases, so it tries to return to the superconducting state. In reality, the temperature T rises due to the heat generated when a high voltage is generated, and the superconducting state is not immediately returned. However, when it is desired to avoid returning to the superconducting state and generating a high voltage again, the first high It is preferable to open the switch 2 upon detection of voltage generation.
第４図はこの実施例の動作を示す各部の波形図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a waveform chart of each part showing the operation of this embodiment.
以上のようにこの実施によれば、簡単な構造で高電圧
を発生させる事ができる。又、超電導電線が超電導コイ
ルによる磁界を検知して誘導キックを生じさせるシステ
ムにより、毎回同じ一定な電圧値の高電圧を得ることが
できる。さらに磁気エネルギーの蓄積は、コイルを超電
導物質で構成しているために抵抗が非常に小さいので巻
線数の多いコイルを実現でき、又、磁気の飽和が無いた
め従来のチョークコイル等の磁性体を用いたものより非
常に大きくすることができ、同時にコイルの小型化も実
現できる。さらに超電導物質よりなる素子を用いている
ため、回路の損失も少なく、又、高電圧発生までの時間
も短かくできる。As described above, according to this embodiment, a high voltage can be generated with a simple structure. In addition, the system in which the superconducting wire detects the magnetic field generated by the superconducting coil to generate an inductive kick can obtain a high voltage of the same constant voltage value every time. Furthermore, since the magnetic energy storage has a very small resistance because the coil is made of a superconducting material, a coil with a large number of windings can be realized, and since there is no magnetic saturation, the magnetic material such as a conventional choke coil can be realized. The size of the coil can be made much larger than that using, and at the same time, the size of the coil can be reduced. Further, since an element made of a superconducting material is used, the loss of the circuit is small and the time until the high voltage is generated can be shortened.
発明の効果 以上説明したように、本発明によれば、簡単な構造で
一定でかつ高い電圧を自動的に応答良く発生させる小型
で効率の良い高電圧発生装置を実現でき、その実用的効
果は非常に大きい。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a small and efficient high voltage generator that automatically generates a constant and high voltage with a simple structure and with good response. Very big.
第１図は本発明における一実施例の高電圧発生装置の回
路図、第２図は同実施例の等価回路図、第３図は超電導
物質が超電導状態であるための環境を示す特性図、第４
図は前記実施例の各部における波形図、第５図と第６図
は従来の高電圧発生装置の例を示す回路図である。 １……電源、２……スイッチ、5,6……高電圧発生端
子、７……超電導コイル、８……超電導電線。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a high voltage generator according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an environment in which a superconducting substance is in a superconducting state, Fourth
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram in each part of the above embodiment, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are circuit diagrams showing an example of a conventional high voltage generator. 1 ... Power supply, 2 ... Switch, 5,6 ... High voltage generating terminal, 7 ... Superconducting coil, 8 ... Superconducting wire.
Claims (1)
なるコイルと、超電導物質よりなる電線とを有し、前記
電線は前記コイルに電流が流れることにより発生する磁
界の影響を受ける位置に設置され、かつ前記電線と前記
コイルと前記スイッチと前記直流電源とが直列に接続さ
れ、前記スイッチの投入直後に前記電線の両端に瞬間的
に高電圧を発生されることを特徴とする高電圧発生装
置。1. A switch, a direct current power source, a coil made of a superconducting material, and an electric wire made of a superconducting material, the electric wire being installed at a position affected by a magnetic field generated by an electric current flowing through the coil. And the electric wire, the coil, the switch, and the DC power source are connected in series, and a high voltage is instantaneously generated at both ends of the electric wire immediately after the switch is turned on. apparatus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62181503A JPH0815397B2 (en) | 1987-07-21 | 1987-07-21 | High voltage generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62181503A JPH0815397B2 (en) | 1987-07-21 | 1987-07-21 | High voltage generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6426372A JPS6426372A (en) | 1989-01-27 |
| JPH0815397B2 true JPH0815397B2 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
Family
ID=16101898
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62181503A Expired - Lifetime JPH0815397B2 (en) | 1987-07-21 | 1987-07-21 | High voltage generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0815397B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4910619B2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2012-04-04 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Manufacturing method for eyeglass lenses |
| CN108008261B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-02-07 | 国家电网公司 | On-spot lightning impulse of transformer substation and oscillating lightning impulse voltage test device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6426326A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1989-01-27 | Toshiba Corp | Superconductive current limiter |
-
1987
- 1987-07-21 JP JP62181503A patent/JPH0815397B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6426372A (en) | 1989-01-27 |
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