JPH081521B2 - Toner for electrostatic charge development - Google Patents
Toner for electrostatic charge developmentInfo
- Publication number
- JPH081521B2 JPH081521B2 JP60141348A JP14134885A JPH081521B2 JP H081521 B2 JPH081521 B2 JP H081521B2 JP 60141348 A JP60141348 A JP 60141348A JP 14134885 A JP14134885 A JP 14134885A JP H081521 B2 JPH081521 B2 JP H081521B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- metal oxide
- fine particles
- oxide fine
- developer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/083—Magnetic toner particles
- G03G9/0831—Chemical composition of the magnetic components
- G03G9/0833—Oxides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/083—Magnetic toner particles
- G03G9/0831—Chemical composition of the magnetic components
- G03G9/0834—Non-magnetic inorganic compounds chemically incorporated in magnetic components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/083—Magnetic toner particles
- G03G9/0835—Magnetic parameters of the magnetic components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/083—Magnetic toner particles
- G03G9/0838—Size of magnetic components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0902—Inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 <産業上の利用分野> 本発明は電子写真等の分野に用いられる静電荷現像用
トナーに関する。詳しくは、現像性および転写性に優
れ、加えて感光体上におけるクリーニング性が良好でし
かも感光体およびギヤリア表面へのトナー膜形成が少な
い静電荷現像用トナーに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an electrostatic charge developing toner used in the fields of electrophotography and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a toner for electrostatic charge development, which is excellent in developability and transferability, has good cleaning properties on a photoconductor, and has little toner film formation on the photoconductor and gear rear surface.
<従来技術と問題点> 従来より、酸化亜鉛、セレン等の電子写真感光体など
の潜像保持面上に種々の手段によつて形成される静電荷
潜像を現像するための現像剤としてキヤリアとトナーか
ら成る二成分系現像剤が使用されている。トナーは通
常、バインダー樹脂、着色剤等を溶解混練後、微粉砕し
て得られる着色微粒子である。<Prior Art and Problems> Carriers have been conventionally used as a developer for developing an electrostatic latent image formed by various means on a latent image holding surface of an electrophotographic photoreceptor such as zinc oxide or selenium. A two-component developer composed of toner and toner is used. The toner is usually fine colored particles obtained by dissolving and kneading a binder resin, a colorant and the like, and then finely pulverizing them.
このトナー粒子をPPC(普通紙複写機)に使用する場
合、以下の諸特性が要求される。When using these toner particles in a PPC (plain paper copier), the following characteristics are required.
(1) トナー粒子個々の摩擦帯電性が均一であつてし
かもキヤリアとの混合により経時的に安定した摩擦帯電
特性を有すること。この摩擦帯電特性が不均一・不安定
の場合にはカブリ等の種々の画像欠陥を生じ、良好なコ
ピー画像が得られない。(1) The toner particles have uniform triboelectrification properties and have stable triboelectrification characteristics over time when mixed with a carrier. When the triboelectrification characteristics are non-uniform or unstable, various image defects such as fog occur and a good copy image cannot be obtained.
(2) 現像されたトナー粒子が紙などに有効に転写さ
れる割合、すなわち転写効率が充分に高いこと。転写効
率が低い場合、得られる画像はムラやカスレが生じ易
い。(2) The rate at which the developed toner particles are effectively transferred to paper or the like, that is, the transfer efficiency is sufficiently high. When the transfer efficiency is low, the obtained image is likely to have unevenness and blurring.
(3) 転写後、感光体上に残存したトナー粒子をクリ
ーニング部材でクリーニングする際に、付着したトナー
粒子が容易かつ完全に除去され得ること。クリーニング
性が不良の場合には、クリーニング部材への負担が大き
くなり、最終的には感光体上に除去されずに残つたトナ
ー粒子がコピー画像を汚染することがある。(3) When the toner particles remaining on the photoconductor after the transfer are cleaned by the cleaning member, the adhered toner particles can be easily and completely removed. When the cleaning property is poor, the load on the cleaning member becomes large, and finally, the toner particles left unremoved on the photoconductor may contaminate the copy image.
(4) くり返しコピー時において、感光体およびキヤ
リア表面に対するトナー膜形成による劣化が少ないこ
と。トナー膜の形成が大きい場合、感光体においては、
その機能の低下、キヤリアにおいては摩擦帯電性の低下
という著るしい不都合を生ずる。(4) Deterioration due to toner film formation on the photoconductor and the carrier surface is small during repeated copying. When the toner film formation is large, in the photoconductor,
There is a serious inconvenience that the function is deteriorated and the frictional electrification is deteriorated in the carrier.
これらの諸要求特性を満足させるための試みとして、
たとえば、微粒子状のSiO2等をトナー粒子外部に添加す
る方法が知られている。しかしながら、この方法の場
合、くり返し使用時においてSiO2粒子の脱落飛散あるい
はトナー粒子中へのもぐり込み等の現像が見られ、これ
らに起因する種々の欠陥、すなわちトナーの摩擦帯電性
の著るしい変動、クリーニング性の悪化による画像汚
染、さらには感光体およびキヤリア表面に対するトナー
膜形成の漸増による機能低下等の問題点が発生する。従
つて、上記の諸要求特性を充分満足するトナーとはなり
得ないものであつた。As an attempt to satisfy these required characteristics,
For example, a method of adding fine particles of SiO 2 or the like to the outside of toner particles is known. However, in the case of this method, during repeated use, development such as falling off and scattering of SiO 2 particles or slipping into the toner particles was observed, and various defects due to these, that is, the triboelectric chargeability of the toner was remarkable. There are problems such as fluctuations, image contamination due to deterioration of cleaning property, and deterioration of function due to gradual increase of toner film formation on the surface of the photoconductor and the carrier. Therefore, the toner cannot sufficiently satisfy the above-mentioned required characteristics.
<問題点を解決するための手段> 本発明者らは上述した従来のトナーの問題点を解消
し、諸要求特性を満足するトナーを得るべく鋭意検討し
た結果、トナー粒子個々の摩擦帯電性が均一安定であつ
て、しかも良好な転写性を有し、加えて感光体上でのク
リーニング性能に優れ、感光体およびキヤリア表面への
トナー膜形成の少ない静電荷現像用トナーを見い出し、
本発明に到達した。<Means for Solving Problems> The inventors of the present invention have solved the problems of the conventional toners described above and have made earnest studies to obtain a toner satisfying various required characteristics. As a result, the triboelectric chargeability of each toner particle is improved. We found a toner for electrostatic charge development that is uniform and stable, yet has good transferability, and also has excellent cleaning performance on the photoconductor, with less toner film formation on the photoconductor and the carrier surface.
The present invention has been reached.
<発明の構成> すなわち、本発明の要旨は、少なくともバインダー樹
脂、着色剤および外表面に添加した金属酸化物微粒子か
ら成る静電荷現像用トナーにおいて、該金属酸化物微粒
子がCoO−Al2O3、CuO−Cr2O3、ZnO−Fe2O3、CuO−Fe2O3
−Mn2O3及びTiO2−BaO−NiOから成る群より選択される
1種以上の複合金属酸化物微粒子であつて、かつその飽
和磁化が10CGS emu/g以下であることを特徴とする静電
荷現像用トナーに存する。<Configuration of the Invention> In other words, the gist of the present invention, at least a binder resin, the toner for electrostatic charge development made of metal oxide particles added to the colorant and an outer surface, the metal oxide fine particles CoO-Al 2 O 3 , CuO-Cr 2 O 3, ZnO-Fe 2 O 3, CuO-Fe 2 O 3
-Mn 2 O 3 and TiO 2 -BaO-NiO, one or more kinds of composite metal oxide fine particles selected from the group, and having a saturation magnetization of 10 CGS emu / g or less. It exists in the toner for charge development.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明のトナーにおけるバインダー樹脂成分として
は、各種の公知のものが使用できる。たとえば、スチレ
ン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等であ
る。特にスチレン系樹脂が好ましく、具体的には、ポリ
スチレン、スチレン−アクリレート共重合体、およびス
チレン−メタクリレート共重合体等が挙げられる。ま
た、これらはジビニルベンゼン等の架橋剤によつて架橋
されていてもよい。重量平均分子量は1,000〜500,000、
好ましくは10,000〜300,000から選ばれる。As the binder resin component in the toner of the present invention, various known ones can be used. For example, styrene resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin and the like. A styrene resin is particularly preferable, and specific examples thereof include polystyrene, a styrene-acrylate copolymer, and a styrene-methacrylate copolymer. Further, these may be crosslinked with a crosslinking agent such as divinylbenzene. Weight average molecular weight is 1,000 to 500,000,
It is preferably selected from 10,000 to 300,000.
また着色剤としては各種の公知着色剤が使用できる。
たとえば、カーボンブラツク、紺青、酸化チタン等の無
機顔料;アゾ系、フタロシアニン系等の有機顔料;およ
びトリフエニルメタン系、アントラキノン系等の染料等
が挙げられる。これらは鮮明な可視像を得るのに必要な
量をトナー中に含有させるが、通常、樹脂100重量部に
対して20重量部以下、好ましくは10重量部以下が良い。As the colorant, various known colorants can be used.
Examples thereof include inorganic pigments such as carbon black, dark blue, and titanium oxide; organic pigments such as azo and phthalocyanine; and dyes such as triphenylmethane and anthraquinone. These are contained in the toner in an amount necessary for obtaining a clear visible image, but usually 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less, relative to 100 parts by weight of the resin.
本発明のトナーにおいては、バインダー樹脂と着色剤
と特定の複合金属酸化物微粒子とを必須の構成成分とす
る。In the toner of the present invention, the binder resin, the colorant, and the specific composite metal oxide fine particles are essential constituent components.
本発明で使用する複合金属酸化物微粒子はZn、Ni、B
a、Fe、Co、Al、Cu、Ti、CrおよびMnからなる金属群か
ら選ばれる2種以上の金属の化合物(たとえば、酸化
物、水酸化物、炭酸塩など)を均一に混合した後、適当
な温度、時間で焼成、粉砕することにより得られ、具体
的には CoO−Al2O3(青色)、CuO−Cr2O3(黒色)、 ZnO−Fe2O3(褐色)、CuO−Fe2O3−Mn2O3(黒色)、 TiO2−BaO−NiO(黄色)等である。The composite metal oxide fine particles used in the present invention are Zn, Ni, B.
After uniformly mixing compounds of two or more metals selected from the group of metals consisting of a, Fe, Co, Al, Cu, Ti, Cr and Mn (for example, oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, etc.), It is obtained by firing and pulverizing at an appropriate temperature and time. Specifically, CoO-Al 2 O 3 (blue), CuO-Cr 2 O 3 (black), ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 (brown), CuO -Fe 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3 ( black), a TiO 2 -BaO-NiO (yellow) and the like.
これらの複合金属酸化物微粒子の平均粒子径としては
3μm以下、好ましくは0.01〜2μmが良い。The average particle diameter of these composite metal oxide fine particles is 3 μm or less, preferably 0.01 to 2 μm.
該複合金属酸化物微粒子はトナー外表面に添加され、
その使用量としては、トナー単位重量当り0.01〜5重量
%、中でも特に0.05〜2重量%が好ましい。The composite metal oxide fine particles are added to the outer surface of the toner,
The amount used is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, and more preferably 0.05 to 2% by weight, per unit weight of the toner.
また、一般の磁性トナーにおいては、トナーに磁力を
付与するために各種の磁性化合物が使用されるが、本発
明で使用する複合金属酸化物微粒子はその目的とすると
ころが異なり、低磁性ないしは非磁性の複合金属酸化物
微粒子が良好な結果を与える。従つて、本発明に係る複
合金属酸化物微粒子において、その飽和磁化が10CGS em
u/g以下、好ましくは5CGS emu/g以下となるようにしな
ければならない。飽和磁化が前記範囲より大きい場合、
繰り返し使用すると、キヤリアが介在する現像器マグネ
ツトの磁力によるトナー粒子あるいはトナー粒子表面の
複合金属酸化物微粒子の吸引が著るしくなり、所期の目
的が達成できなくなる。Further, in general magnetic toners, various magnetic compounds are used in order to impart magnetic force to the toner, but the complex metal oxide fine particles used in the present invention are different in the purpose, and are low magnetic or nonmagnetic. The composite metal oxide fine particles of 4 give good results. Therefore, in the composite metal oxide fine particles according to the present invention, the saturation magnetization is 10 CGS em
It should be u / g or less, preferably 5 CGS emu / g or less. When the saturation magnetization is larger than the above range,
With repeated use, the attraction of the toner particles or the fine particles of the composite metal oxide on the surface of the toner particles becomes remarkable due to the magnetic force of the developer magnet interposing the carrier, and the intended purpose cannot be achieved.
なお、本発明における飽和磁化の値は、市販のB−H
トレーサーを用いて5Kエルステツドの磁界下に計測され
た磁化の強さを被測定物1g当りに換算したものである。The value of the saturation magnetization in the present invention is a commercially available B-H value.
This is the value obtained by converting the strength of magnetization measured under a magnetic field of 5K oersted using a tracer per 1 g of the object to be measured.
本発明に係わる複合金属酸化物は、種々の色調のもの
が得られるため、カラートナーにおいても有利に使用で
きる。Since the composite metal oxide according to the present invention can be obtained in various color tones, it can be advantageously used in color toners.
また、必要に応じて2種以上の複合金属酸化物微粒子
に併用してもよい。Moreover, you may use together with 2 or more types of composite metal oxide fine particles as needed.
さらに、帯電性、分散性を改良するために複合金属酸
化物微粒子表面をSiO2等の無機物あるいは樹脂等の有機
物で処理してもよい。Furthermore, the surface of the composite metal oxide fine particles may be treated with an inorganic substance such as SiO 2 or an organic substance such as a resin in order to improve the charging property and the dispersibility.
本発明の静電荷現像用トナーにおいては、必要に応じ
て公知の帯電制御剤を含ませてもよい。正帯電性の帯電
制御剤としては、たとえば、ニグロシン染料、ポリアミ
ン樹脂、アミノ基含有スチレン系樹脂、4級アンモニウ
ム塩等が挙げられる。また、負帯電性を帯電制御剤とし
ては、Cr、Fe、Co等を含む錯塩アゾ染料等が挙げられ
る。使用量は、バインダー樹脂100重量部に対して10重
量部以下が好ましい。The electrostatic charge developing toner of the present invention may contain a known charge control agent, if necessary. Examples of the positively chargeable charge control agent include nigrosine dye, polyamine resin, amino group-containing styrene resin, quaternary ammonium salt and the like. Examples of the charge control agent having negative chargeability include complex salt azo dyes containing Cr, Fe, Co and the like. The amount used is preferably 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
その他、本発明の静電荷現像用トナーの構成成分とし
て、たとえば、定着性を向上させるために低分子量オレ
フイン重合体等、各種の内部あるいは外部添加剤を含ま
せても良いが、これらは本発明の目的を阻害しない程度
とすべきである。In addition, various internal or external additives such as a low molecular weight olefin polymer may be included as a constituent component of the electrostatic charge developing toner of the present invention in order to improve fixability. It should not be detrimental to the purpose of.
また、トナーの製造法としては、上記の各成分をニー
ダー等で混練し、冷却後粉砕・分級し、必要に応じて攪
拌器等による外部添加を行なえばよい。トナーの平均粒
径としては5〜20μmが好適である。Further, as a method for producing a toner, the above components may be kneaded in a kneader or the like, cooled, pulverized and classified, and externally added by a stirrer or the like, if necessary. The average particle size of the toner is preferably 5 to 20 μm.
本発明の静電荷現像用トナーと混合して現像剤を形成
するキヤリアとしては、たとえば鉄粉、フエライト粉、
マグネタイト粉等が挙げられ、いずれも好適に使用でき
る。また、連続使用時の耐久性向上等を目的として、各
種の樹脂等でコーテイングした、いわゆるコーテイング
キヤリアであつてもよい。キヤリアの平均粒径は、10〜
200μmが好ましい。キヤリアとトナーの混合重量比
は、100:1〜10が好適である。Carriers that form a developer by mixing with the electrostatic charge developing toner of the present invention include, for example, iron powder, ferrite powder,
Magnetite powder and the like can be mentioned, and any of them can be preferably used. Further, a so-called coating carrier coated with various resins or the like may be used for the purpose of improving durability during continuous use. The average particle size of the carrier is 10-
200 μm is preferable. The mixing weight ratio of the carrier and the toner is preferably 100: 1 to 10.
<実施例> 以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、
本発明はその要旨を超えない限り以下の実施例に限定さ
れるものではない。なお、実施例中「部」は「重量部」
を示す。また、複合金属酸化物微粒子の飽和磁化は、直
流磁化B−H特性自動記録装置(理研電子社製、モデル
BHU−60、磁界5Kエルステツド)を用いて測定し、現像
剤の帯電量はブローオフ帯電量測定装置(東芝ケミカル
社製、モデルTB−200)を用いて測定した。<Examples> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
The present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist. In the examples, "part" is "part by weight".
Indicates. Further, the saturation magnetization of the composite metal oxide fine particles is a DC magnetization BH characteristic automatic recording device (manufactured by Riken Denshi Co., Ltd., model).
BHU-60, magnetic field 5K Elsted), and the charge amount of the developer was measured using a blow-off charge amount measuring device (manufactured by Toshiba Chemical Co., Model TB-200).
実施例1および比較例1 バインダー樹脂として重量平均分子量約7万のスチレ
ン/n−ブチルアクリレート共重合樹脂(モノマー比80/2
0)、着色剤としてダイヤブラツク#30(三菱化成工業
社製)および帯電制御剤として負帯電性のボントロンS
−34(オリエント化学社製、Cr含有錯塩アゾ染料)を用
いて下記表1に示すトナーAを得た。Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 A styrene / n-butyl acrylate copolymer resin having a weight average molecular weight of about 70,000 as a binder resin (monomer ratio 80/2
0), diamond black # 30 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.) as a colorant, and a negatively chargeable Bontron S as a charge control agent.
Toner A shown in Table 1 below was obtained using -34 (complex azo dye containing Cr, manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.).
トナーの作製法はあらかじめトナー原料を予備混合し
た後、押出型ニーダーにより混練し、冷却固化後ハンマ
ーミルにて粗粉砕し、更にジエツトミルにて微粒子に粉
砕した。次いでジグザグ分級機により分級を行ない、平
均粒径11.3μmのトナーAを得た。 To prepare the toner, toner raw materials were preliminarily mixed, kneaded by an extrusion type kneader, cooled and solidified, coarsely pulverized by a hammer mill, and further pulverized by a jet mill. Then, classification was performed by a zigzag classifier to obtain a toner A having an average particle size of 11.3 μm.
次に、トナーAにCuO−Fe2O3−Mn2O3(組成比30:10:6
0、平均粒径約0.05μm)で示される複合金属酸化物微
粒子の0.3重量%をケミカルミキサー(国産遠心器社
製、モデルH−85)を用いて添加し、トナー試料を得
た。なお、この複合金属酸化物微粒子の飽和磁化は2.5C
GS emu/gであつた。Next, CuO-Fe 2 O to toner A 3 -Mn 2 O 3 (composition ratio 30: 10: 6
0.3% by weight of the composite metal oxide fine particles having a particle size of 0 and an average particle size of about 0.05 μm) was added using a chemical mixer (Model H-85 manufactured by Centrifuge manufactured by Japan) to obtain a toner sample. The saturation magnetization of the composite metal oxide fine particles is 2.5C.
It was GS emu / g.
次に、このトナー試料5部と平均粒径約70μmの鉄粉
キヤリア100部とを混合して現像剤を作製した。現像剤
の帯電量は−20μC/gであつた。Next, 5 parts of this toner sample was mixed with 100 parts of iron powder carrier having an average particle size of about 70 μm to prepare a developer. The charge amount of the developer was −20 μC / g.
一方、上記複合金属酸化物微粒子を含まないトナーA
単独の現像剤を全く同様に調製し、本発明による現像剤
と比較した。現像剤の帯電量は−19μC/gであつた。On the other hand, Toner A containing no fine particles of the composite metal oxide
A single developer was prepared exactly the same and compared to the developer according to the invention. The charge amount of the developer was −19 μC / g.
これらの現像剤を用いてセレンを感光体とする複写機
で現像を行い、普通紙上に転写したところ、いずれも鮮
明な画像が得られた。しかし、さらに連続転写テストを
行つてその性能を調べたところ、トナーA単独の現像剤
では約8,000枚前後から画像濃度の低下やカブリの増加
が見られるようになり、約10,000枚でほとんど使用に耐
えなくなつた。その時の現像剤の帯電量は−14μC/gと
低下していた。また転写効率は前後に通じて約80%程度
であつた。それに対し、本発明の複合金属酸化物微粒子
を含む現像剤は、約30,000枚程度まで画質はほとんど変
化せず、また現像剤帯電量もほぼ一定であり、転写効率
も90%以上で推移した。When a developer using these developers was used in a copying machine having selenium as a photoreceptor, and the images were transferred onto plain paper, clear images were obtained. However, when the performance was examined by further conducting a continuous transfer test, a decrease in image density and an increase in fog were observed from around 8,000 sheets with the developer containing toner A alone, and it was almost used after about 10,000 sheets. I couldn't stand it. At that time, the charge amount of the developer was as low as −14 μC / g. The transfer efficiency was about 80% before and after. In contrast, the developer containing the composite metal oxide fine particles of the present invention showed almost no change in image quality up to about 30,000 sheets, the developer charge amount was almost constant, and the transfer efficiency was 90% or more.
また、各々の感光体上のトナー膜の形成状態について
観察したところ、トナーA単独の現像剤ではトナー膜の
形成がはなはだしかつたのに対し、複合酸化物微粒子を
含むトナーでは全く観察されなかつた。Observation of the state of formation of the toner film on each photoconductor revealed that the toner film alone did not form a toner film, whereas the toner containing the composite oxide fine particles did not show any formation. It was
さらに、これらの現像剤中にキヤリア表面に対するト
ナー膜の形成状態について、各々のキヤリヤ表面に形成
されたトナー膜を有機溶剤で溶かしその重量を測定した
ところ、トナーA単独の現像剤では約0.6重量%であつ
たのに対し、本発明の複合金属酸化物微粒子を含む現像
剤では約0.1重量%と少ないものであつた。Further, regarding the state of the toner film formed on the carrier surface in these developers, the toner film formed on each carrier surface was dissolved in an organic solvent and the weight thereof was measured. %, Whereas the developer containing the composite metal oxide fine particles of the present invention was as small as about 0.1% by weight.
実施例2および3 実施例1において作製したトナーAを用い、複合金属
酸化物微粒子として下記表2に示すものを外部添加する
他は実施例1と全く同様にしてトナー試料および現像剤
を作製した。Examples 2 and 3 Toner samples and developers were prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the toner A prepared in Example 1 was used and the composite metal oxide fine particles shown in Table 2 below were externally added. .
CuO−Cr2O3微粒子を含む現像剤の帯電量は−20μC/
g、ZnO−Fe2O3を含む現像剤では−22μC/gであつた。 The charge amount of the developer containing CuO-Cr 2 O 3 particles is -20 μC /
The developer containing g and ZnO-Fe 2 O 3 had a concentration of -22 μC / g.
次に、これらの現像剤を用いて実施例1と全く同様に
して画像出しおよび連続複写テストを行なつた。Next, using these developers, image forming and continuous copying tests were conducted in exactly the same manner as in Example 1.
その結果、いずれの現像剤も約30,000枚まで画質の変
化がなく良好なコピーが得られ、また現像剤の帯電量も
ほぼ一定であつた。転写効率も90%以上で良好に推移し
た。As a result, good quality copies were obtained with no change in image quality for all the developers up to about 30,000 sheets, and the charge amount of the developers was almost constant. The transfer efficiency was 90% or more, which was favorable.
さらに、感光体へのトナー膜が全く発生せず、キヤリ
ア表面へのトナー膜の発生量も実施例1とほぼ同じ程度
で少なものであつた。Further, no toner film was formed on the photoconductor, and the amount of toner film formed on the carrier surface was almost the same as in Example 1 and small.
実施例4および比較例2 バインダー樹脂および着色剤は実施例1で用いたもの
と全く同じものを使用し、帯電制御剤として正帯電性の
ボントロンNO1(オリエント化学社製、ニグロシン染
料)を用いて下記表4に示すトナーBを得た。Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 The same binder resin and colorant as used in Example 1 were used, and positively chargeable Bontron NO1 (Nigrosine dye manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as a charge control agent. Toner B shown in Table 4 below was obtained.
トナーの作製は実施例1と全く同様にして行つた。ト
ナーBの平均粒径は13μmであつた。 The toner was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. The average particle size of Toner B was 13 μm.
次いで、トナーBに対してTiO−BaO−NiO(組成比50:
40:10、平均粒径約0.5μm)で示される複合金属酸化物
微粒子0.5重量%を実施例1と全く同様にして添加した
トナー試料を調製した。なお、この複合金属酸化物微粒
子の飽和磁化は0CGS emu/g、すなわち非磁性物であつ
た。Next, for toner B, TiO-BaO-NiO (composition ratio 50:
A toner sample was prepared by adding 0.5% by weight of composite metal oxide fine particles having a particle size of 40:10 and an average particle size of about 0.5 μm) in the same manner as in Example 1. The saturation magnetization of the composite metal oxide fine particles was 0 CGS emu / g, that is, a non-magnetic substance.
このトナー試料5部と平均粒径約70μmのフツ素系樹
脂コーテイングキヤリア100部とを混合して現像剤を作
製した。現像剤の帯電量は23μC/gであつた。A developer was prepared by mixing 5 parts of this toner sample with 100 parts of a fluorine-based resin coating carrier having an average particle size of about 70 μm. The charge amount of the developer was 23 μC / g.
一方、上記の複合金属酸化物微粒子のかわりに、トナ
ーBに対しSiO2微粉末R−972(日本アエロジル社製)
0.2重量%を添加した現像剤を全く同様にして作製し比
較試料とした。この現像剤の帯電量は18μC/gであつ
た。On the other hand, instead of the above composite metal oxide fine particles, for toner B, SiO 2 fine powder R-972 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.)
A developer containing 0.2% by weight was prepared in the same manner as a comparative sample. The charge amount of this developer was 18 μC / g.
これらの現像剤を用いてOPC(有機光導電体)を感光
体とする複写機で現像を行い、普通紙上に転写したとこ
ろ、いずれも鮮明な画像が得られた。When these developing agents were used for development with a copying machine using OPC (organic photoconductor) as a photoconductor and transferred to plain paper, clear images were obtained.
しかし、さらに連続複写テストを行つてその性能を調
べたところ、微粉末SiO2を含む現像剤で、約10,000枚前
後から画像濃度の低下やクリーニング不良に起因する画
像汚染が見られ、約12,000枚ではほとんど使用に耐えな
くなつた。その時の現像剤の帯電量は27μC/gと初期に
くらべて大巾に上昇していた。それに対し、本発明の複
合金属酸化物微粒子を含む現像剤は約40,000枚でも画質
の変化はほとんどなく、クリーニング不良による画像汚
染も発生しなかつた。その時の現像剤帯電量も25μC/g
と安定していた。However, when the performance was examined by further conducting a continuous copying test, a developer containing fine-powder SiO 2 showed image contamination due to a decrease in image density and poor cleaning from around 10,000 sheets. Almost no longer usable. At that time, the charge amount of the developer was 27 μC / g, which was much higher than the initial amount. In contrast, the developer containing the composite metal oxide fine particles of the present invention showed almost no change in image quality even after about 40,000 sheets, and no image contamination due to poor cleaning occurred. The developer charge at that time is also 25 μC / g
Was stable.
また、これらの現像剤中のキヤリア表面に対するトナ
ー膜の発生量を調べたところ、微粉末SiO2を含む現像剤
では約0.5重量%であつたのに対し、本発明の複合金属
酸化物微粒子を含む現像剤では約0.1重量%と少ないも
のであつた。Further, when the amount of toner film generated on the carrier surface in these developers was examined, it was about 0.5% by weight in the developer containing fine powder SiO 2 , whereas the composite metal oxide fine particles of the present invention were used. The amount of the developer contained was as small as about 0.1% by weight.
実施例5 樹脂としてエポキシ樹脂エピコート1007(油化シエル
社製)、着色剤としてホスタパームブルーB3G(ヘキス
ト社製)、帯電制御剤として正帯電性のSAM−955(三洋
化成社製、アミノ基含有スチレン系樹脂)を用いて実施
例1と全く同様にして下記表5に示す青色のトナーC
(平均粒径15μm)を得た。Example 5 Epoxy resin Epicoat 1007 (manufactured by Yuka Shell Co., Ltd.) as a resin, Hosta Palm Blue B3G (manufactured by Hoechst) as a colorant, and positively chargeable SAM-955 (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., containing an amino group) as a charge control agent. (Styrene-based resin) and in the same manner as in Example 1 to give blue toner C shown in Table 5 below.
(Average particle size 15 μm) was obtained.
次いで、トナーCに対して青色状のCoO−Al2O3微粉末
(組成比25:75、平均粒径約0.5μm、飽和磁化0.3CGS e
mu/g)1.0重量%を実施例1と全く同様にして添加しト
ナー試料を調製した。 Next, for toner C, blue CoO-Al 2 O 3 fine powder (composition ratio 25:75, average particle size of about 0.5 μm, saturation magnetization of 0.3 CGS e
A toner sample was prepared by adding 1.0% by weight of mu / g) in exactly the same manner as in Example 1.
以下、実施例3と全く同様にして現像剤を作製し、画
像出しおよび連続複写テストを行なつた。初期の現像剤
の帯電量は16μC/gであつた。Thereafter, a developer was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 3, and an image was printed and a continuous copying test was conducted. The initial charge amount of the developer was 16 μC / g.
その結果、初期から約40,000枚まで鮮明な青色コピー
が得られ、帯電量も18μC/gと安定していた。また、転
写効率も90%以上と良好であり、さらに感光体表面やキ
ヤリア表面へのトナー膜の発生はほとんど見られなかつ
た。As a result, a clear blue copy was obtained from the initial stage to about 40,000 sheets, and the charge amount was stable at 18 μC / g. Further, the transfer efficiency was 90% or more, which was good, and almost no toner film was found on the surface of the photoreceptor or the carrier.
<発明の効果> 本発明の静電荷現像用トナーを用いると、高品位の画
質で、しかも経時的な性能劣化の少ない長寿命の現像剤
が得られる。<Effects of the Invention> When the toner for electrostatic charge development of the present invention is used, a long-life developer with high quality image and less deterioration in performance over time can be obtained.
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−32060(JP,A) 特開 昭56−66856(JP,A) 特開 昭53−81127(JP,A) 特開 昭52−135739(JP,A) 特開 昭60−136752(JP,A)Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-60-32060 (JP, A) JP-A-56-66856 (JP, A) JP-A-53-81127 (JP, A) JP-A-52-135739 (JP , A) JP-A-60-136752 (JP, A)
Claims (3)
外表面に添加した金属酸化物微粒子から成る静電荷現像
用トナーにおいて、該金属酸化物微粒子がCoO−Al2O3、
CuO−Cr2O3、ZnO−Fe2O3、CuO−Fe2O3−Mn2O3及びTiO2
−BaO−NiOから成る群より選択される1種以上の複合金
属酸化物微粒子であって、かつその飽和磁化が10CGS em
u/g以下であることを特徴とする静電荷現像用トナー。1. A toner for electrostatic charge development comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant, and metal oxide fine particles added to the outer surface of the toner, wherein the metal oxide fine particles are CoO—Al 2 O 3 ,
CuO-Cr 2 O 3, ZnO -Fe 2 O 3, CuO-Fe 2 O 3 -Mn 2 O 3 and TiO 2
-BaO-NiO, one or more kinds of composite metal oxide fine particles selected from the group consisting of, and having a saturation magnetization of 10 CGS em
A toner for electrostatic charge development, which is u / g or less.
以下であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載
の静電荷現像用トナー。2. The average particle size of the composite metal oxide fine particles is 3 μm.
The toner for electrostatic charge development according to claim 1, wherein:
0.01〜5重量%の範囲で添加して成ることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第1項記載の静電荷現像用トナー。3. Composite metal oxide fine particles on the outer surface of the toner
The toner for electrostatic charge development according to claim 1, wherein the toner is added in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60141348A JPH081521B2 (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Toner for electrostatic charge development |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60141348A JPH081521B2 (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Toner for electrostatic charge development |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS622272A JPS622272A (en) | 1987-01-08 |
JPH081521B2 true JPH081521B2 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
Family
ID=15289872
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP60141348A Expired - Fee Related JPH081521B2 (en) | 1985-06-27 | 1985-06-27 | Toner for electrostatic charge development |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH081521B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2736680B2 (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1998-04-02 | 戸田工業株式会社 | Black pigment particle powder |
JP2833894B2 (en) * | 1991-10-30 | 1998-12-09 | 日本電気株式会社 | Ring echo canceler for sonar |
KR100227926B1 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 1999-11-01 | 이토가 미찌야 | Method of forming color toner by use of inorganic toner, inorganic toner developing latent electrostatic image, and colored toner image bearing transfer medium |
GB9614494D0 (en) * | 1996-07-10 | 1996-09-04 | Cookson Matthey Ceramics Plc | Improvements in printing |
DE10221663A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-12-12 | Kao Corp | High stability toner especially for high-speed two-component development comprises resin binder, mixed metal oxide black pigment and quaternary ammonium salt charge generator |
JP6403493B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2018-10-10 | キヤノン株式会社 | Negatively chargeable toner |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52135739A (en) * | 1976-05-10 | 1977-11-14 | Toshiba Corp | Developing agent for electrostatic image |
JPS5381127A (en) * | 1976-12-25 | 1978-07-18 | Canon Inc | Electrostatic developing process and its daveloping agent |
JPS5666856A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-06-05 | Toray Ind Inc | Dry toner |
JPS60136752A (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1985-07-20 | Canon Inc | Developer and image forming method using developer |
JPS6032060A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-02-19 | Canon Inc | Toner and formation of image |
-
1985
- 1985-06-27 JP JP60141348A patent/JPH081521B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS622272A (en) | 1987-01-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20030091922A1 (en) | Replenishing developer and developing method | |
JP2004347654A (en) | Electrostatic latent image developer and image forming method | |
JP4065675B2 (en) | Electrophotographic developer and image forming method and apparatus | |
JPH081521B2 (en) | Toner for electrostatic charge development | |
JP2003162088A (en) | Electrophotographic toner containing polyalkylene wax or high crystalline wax | |
JP3397543B2 (en) | Two-component developer, developing method and image forming method | |
JP3284488B2 (en) | Two-component developer, developing method and image forming method | |
JP2004117551A (en) | Nonmagnetic toner for development | |
JP2000199983A (en) | Binary developer and image forming method | |
JP2767840B2 (en) | Electrostatic toner | |
JP3519652B2 (en) | Magnetic one-component developer and method for producing the same | |
JP2005099072A (en) | Magnetic carrier and binary system developer | |
JP2503221B2 (en) | Developer for electrostatic image | |
JP2004341363A (en) | Two-component developer, image forming apparatus and processing cartridge | |
JPH0287160A (en) | Electrophotographic color toner | |
JPH08334932A (en) | Two-component developer | |
JPH04281463A (en) | Electrostatic charge image developing toner | |
JPH06186777A (en) | Electrostatic charge developing positively charged red developer | |
JPS6193456A (en) | Color toner | |
JPH06332233A (en) | Electrophotographic toner | |
JPH06148946A (en) | Magnetic particle | |
JP2001318486A (en) | Toner for nonmagnetic single-component development | |
JPH0743954A (en) | Two-component developer | |
JPH05303234A (en) | Electrophotographic developer | |
JP2005017774A (en) | Two-component developer, two-component developing method, image forming apparatus and process cartridge for image forming apparatus |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |