JPH08147354A - Method and device for general schedule - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To plan a schedule for operating the departments of manufacture, distribution, and service work at low cost by calculating a cost to be generated at each working department and selecting a schedule based on the generated cost from among one or plural schedule plans. CONSTITUTION: This device is provided with a cost information holding part 214 holding cost information showing a cost calculating method corresponding to working contents, working time, etc., and a schedule information holding part 215 holding schedule information showing an existent schedule. Then, the device can define the cost generated at the point of the time of schedule by a cost calculation means 224 calculating the cost to be generated from schedule information, a selected schedule and cost information and a processing for calculating the cost to be generated at each working department. In addition, the device selects the schedule based on the cost to be generated from among one or plural schedule plans by a schedule plan selecting means 225 for selecting the schedule based on the cost to be generated from among one or plural schedule plans.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a general schedule planning method and apparatus, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for planning a schedule of manufacturing, distribution and service according to an order from a customer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional scheduling method and apparatus for manufacturing, a work to be processed and a work department (processing process) capable of processing the work are associated with each other, and a load is distributed according to the capacity of the work department (process processing capacity). I am planning a date.

In this type of technology, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-2982
Examples include those described in Japanese Patent No. 80.

Further, in the conventional schedule and method for physical distribution and service, the work is combined and the delivery means, the worker, etc. are selected within the preset conditions such as delivery date and service date.

In this type of technology, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-2985
For example, those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 92 are cited.

[0006] Further, in the schedule planning method and apparatus for manufacturing, distribution and service, usually, first, each department is instructed of the standard schedule, and each department makes a schedule individually.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned prior art related to manufacturing, the work to be processed and the work department (processing process) capable of processing the work are associated with each other, and the load is set according to the capacity of the work department (process processing capacity). The schedule is drafted using the balance and workload of the above as evaluation criteria.

For this reason, the ability is fixedly handled, and fixed costs are incurred above a certain level. Also, if overtime costs are usually incurred, operating costs will be higher, but criteria for determining whether to change the work method such as outsourcing, increase the number of workers, or use other means. There is no.

Further, in the above-mentioned prior art relating to physical distribution / service, low cost operation is achieved under preset delivery date, service date, etc., but the delivery date and service date are within a predetermined range. The adjustable range is small.

Further, regardless of the operating cost, the operating schedule is based on a fixed schedule (for example, standard read time of each department) that creates a standard schedule to be passed to each department of manufacturing, logistics and service. The optimization seen from the perspective is not achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide means for clarifying the costs incurred at the time of scheduling and for formulating a schedule for operating the manufacturing, logistics and service work department at low cost.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a means for clarifying the operating cost of the manufacturing / physical distribution / service work department at the time of answering the delivery date to the customer and selecting the delivery date based on the operating cost.

A third object of the present invention is to provide means for formulating a schedule for reducing the total operating cost of the manufacturing, logistics and service work departments.

[0014]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the general schedule planning method of the present invention, the process of calculating the cost incurred for each work department and one or more schedule plans are performed. Then, the process of selecting the schedule based on the incurred costs is performed.

Further, in the general schedule planning apparatus of the present invention, a cost information holding section for holding cost information indicating a cost calculation method according to work content, work time, etc., and schedule planning information showing an existing schedule plan are held. It has a schedule plan information holding unit,
Cost calculation means to calculate the cost to be incurred from the schedule information and the selected schedule and cost information, and schedule plan selection means to select the schedule plan based on the generated cost from one or more schedule plans. Prepared

In order to achieve the above-mentioned other objects, the integrated schedule planning method of the present invention has a process of setting a delivery date or a delivery date to the customer based on the selected schedule.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned other objects, in the general schedule planning method of the present invention, when performing work over a plurality of work departments, a work schedule that satisfies a constraint condition regarding a schedule between work departments is selected. And a process of selecting a schedule from one or a plurality of schedule plans based on the costs incurred by all work departments.

Further, the integrated schedule planning apparatus of the present invention has a constraint information holding unit for holding constraint information which is a constraint condition regarding the schedule between the work departments, and the work content, the work capability information of each work department, the schedule. A schedule selecting means for selecting a schedule of each work in each work department from the plan information and the constraint information,
A cost calculation method that calculates the costs that will be incurred from the schedule information and the selected schedule and cost information, and a schedule that selects a schedule plan based on the costs that will be incurred by all work departments from one or more schedule plans. Equipped with means for selecting a plan.

[0019]

[Function] A cost information holding unit that holds cost information indicating a cost calculation method according to work contents, work time, and the like, and a schedule plan information holding unit that holds schedule plan information indicating an existing schedule plan The cost incurred at the time of scheduling can be clarified by the cost calculation means for calculating the cost incurred from the information and the selected schedule and cost information and the process for calculating the cost incurred for each work department.

A schedule plan selecting means for selecting a schedule plan based on the generated cost from one or a plurality of schedule plans, and a schedule based on the generated cost from one or a plurality of schedule plans. By the process of selecting a plan, it is possible to make a schedule for operating the manufacturing, logistics and service work department at low cost.

Further, the delivery date can be selected based on the operation cost by the process of setting the delivery date to the customer or the delivery date based on the selected schedule.

Further, it has a constraint information holding unit for holding constraint information which is a constraint condition regarding the schedule between the work departments, and each work is selected from the work content, work capability information of each work department, schedule planning information and constraint information. Schedule selection means to select the schedule of each work in the department, cost calculation means to calculate the cost incurred from the schedule plan information and the selected schedule and cost information, and from one or more schedule plans , A schedule plan selecting means for selecting a schedule based on the costs incurred by all work departments, a process for selecting a work schedule that satisfies the constraint condition regarding the schedule between the work departments, and one or more schedule plans A schedule plan to reduce the total operating cost of the manufacturing, logistics, and service work departments by selecting the schedule plan based on the costs incurred by all work departments from the plan. It is possible to draft.

[0023]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, an example of the information processing system configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

Reference numeral 210 is a data holding portion, and further, 21
Reference numeral 1 is an order information holding unit that holds order information such as product specifications and customer information, 212 is a work content information holding unit that holds work content information indicating correspondence between order information and work contents, and 213 is work capability of each work department. A work capability information holding unit that holds information, 214 is a cost information holding unit that holds cost information indicating a cost calculation method according to work content, work time, etc., 21
Reference numeral 5 denotes a schedule information holding unit that holds schedule information indicating an existing schedule, and reference numeral 216 denotes a constraint information holding unit that holds constraint information that is a constraint condition regarding the schedule during the work.

Reference numeral 220 is an arithmetic processing unit, and further, 22
Reference numeral 1 is a work selecting means for selecting one or a plurality of necessary works from the order information and work content information, 222 is an allocating means for allocating the work to an executable work section, 223
Is a schedule planning means for selecting the schedule of each work in each work department from the work content, work capability information of each work department, and schedule planning information, and 224 is an expense incurred from the schedule plan information and the selected schedule and cost information. The cost calculation means 225 for calculating 225 from one or more schedule plans,
It is a schedule selecting means for selecting a schedule of each work in each work department from the work content, work capability information of each work department, schedule planning information and constraint information.

Reference numeral 230 denotes an input / output device such as a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, a mouse / keyboard, a printer and a network.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, a general processing flow of the general schedule planning method according to the present invention will be described. In step 101, one or a plurality of work required to realize the customer's order is extracted, and in step 102, the work is assigned to a work department capable of executing the work. In step 103, the schedule of each work in each work department is planned. In step 104, the cost incurred for each work department is calculated, and in step 105, a schedule is selected from one or a plurality of schedule plans based on the generated cost.

The request model and the work department model are shown in FIG. 3, and the details of the processing contents of each step and the information held in the data holding unit will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

FIG. 3 shows a model of a workstation when receiving an order.

Reference numeral 310 is information about the customer's request and the customer, which is input from the input device and recorded in the order information holding unit. This section shows the required delivery date range, delivery location, product model, number of units, usage pattern such as connecting to a large computer or using it alone, whether the software is installed by the manufacturer or by the customer himself. Set-up conditions and carry-in conditions indicating conditions between the carry-in date and the installation date are set.

A work department model 320 is composed of a procurement department, a manufacturing department, a delivery department, and an installation department. In particular, the manufacturing department includes a unit assembly department, a device assembly department, and a processing department.

FIG. 4 shows an example of step 101 "work extraction processing" in FIG. 1, in which 410 is an order information and 420 is a data structure example of work content information.

In the process of extracting the work, the work content information is searched using the items described in the order information (customer's request and information about the customer) as a search key, and the necessary work is extracted. For example, the usage pattern is "connect to large computer"
Since the delivery place is Yokohama, the installation department in charge of the Yokohama area needs an installer with the ability to connect to a large-scale computer, and work such as network connection and address setting occurs. .

Since the model of the product is WS1, the additional work of the option unit occurs.

In step 102 of FIG. 1, the work extracted as described above is assigned to a work department. In this case, the installation work is assigned to the installation section in charge of the Yokohama area, and the additional work of the option unit is assigned to the processing section of the manufacturing section.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the step 103 "work schedule planning process" in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 shows a data structure example of work capability information, and FIG. 7 shows a data structure example of schedule planning information.

Although the "work schedule planning process" differs depending on the work department, this example is an example of a schedule plan in the processing department.

First, a daily workload standard is created (501). For the workload standard, 1) a standard calculated from the amount of work, 2) work capacity is used as a standard, 3)
There are methods such as a combination of 1) and 2).

Next, all the works are piled up on the last day of the workable schedule range (502). Next, the difference between the workload standard and the daily workload is calculated (503).

From the first day (504) of the planning period, the following steps 505 to 511 are repeated.

If the amount of work on the day is less than the reference amount,
From the work after that day, a work that can be done on that day is searched for, and the work is changed to that day (505 to 507). Here, the difference in the work amount is calculated again (508), and if the work amount is less than the reference amount, the work day change process is further performed (506 to 5).
08) is repeated. When the amount of work reaches the standard of the work standard, the target date of the plan is shifted by one day, and steps 505 to 5 are performed.
Repeat 08.

If there is a schedule constraint with another process, in steps 501, 502, 506 and 507, a workable date is set that satisfies the constraint with another process.

Next, the details of step 104 "cost calculation processing" in FIG. 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8, the cost can be set in relation to the work content, work time, work method, work place, worker, and work time. This is held in advance as cost information. The cost calculation rules include 1) work content based calculation rules, 2) work time based calculation rules,
3) There are calculation rules and the like based on the combination of 1) and 2).

For example, if a level 1 worker makes a network connection with a host computer at 7:00 pm on Sunday, 10,000 yen will be required. The working time at this time is estimated to be one hour.

The work contents are determined from the order information and the contents of other works. For example, when the work of delivering to the Yokohama area is performed after the work of delivering to the Kawasaki area, the work of delivering from Kawasaki to Yokohama is the work content.

In step 105 of FIG. 1, the schedule is selected with the cost as an evaluation measure from the schedule plans thus prepared in steps 101 to 104 of FIG.

For example, a schedule plan with the minimum total cost is selected. Alternatively, select the scheduling from the trade-off of cost, load balance, and total working time. FIG. 9 is an example of a result display screen for selecting a schedule from cost, load balance, and total work time.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the delivery date is replied to the customer based on the schedule determined by using the cost as an evaluation scale. FIG. 10 shows the outline processing flow and FIG. 11 shows the delivery date selection method. An example is shown.

First, description will be made with reference to FIG. First, enter customer requirements and information about the customer. Here, the required delivery date range (earliest delivery date, latest delivery date), delivery location, product model, number of units, usage pattern such as connecting to large computer or using alone, software installation by manufacturer , A setup form indicating whether the customer himself or herself will perform, and a carry-in condition indicating a condition between the carry-in date and the installation date are set.

Based on this, the "work extraction process" and the "work assignment process" for allocating the place of the work are performed, and then the workable dates of the respective works are set. Within this range, the schedule with the minimum total cost is selected after satisfying the schedule constraint between the works, and the date when all the works are finished and can be delivered to the customer is set as the delivery date.

Next, the method of selecting the schedule and setting the delivery date will be described with reference to FIG.

In this example, 1) work 1 must be performed on the same day as the delivery date, and 2) work 2 is 1 from 0 days before work 1.
3) Work 3 from 1 day before work 2
4) Work 4 from 1 day before work 3
It has a constraint condition that it is done within the range of days ago. The customer's required delivery date range is February 1st to February 5th, and the value in parentheses is the cost incurred when the corresponding work is performed on that day.

For example, work 4 is performed on January 29, work 3 is performed on February 1, work 2 is performed on February 4, and work is performed on February 5
If you perform work 1 on a day, the total cost is 20 + 10 + 10 + 10
0 = 140, which is the lowest total cost combination among the possible combinations. At this time, the delivery date is February 5. This combination can be searched by a technique such as dynamic programming.

[0056]

According to the present invention, it is possible to plan a schedule for operating the manufacturing, logistics and service work departments at a low cost, and to answer the delivery date to the customer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a processing flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an information processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a model to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a processing example of step 101 in FIG.

5 is a detailed processing flowchart of step 103 in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an example of work capability information.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an example of schedule planning information.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of cost information.

9 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a display screen that supports the interactive process of step 105 of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a processing flowchart of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a processing result of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 210 ... Data holding unit, 211 ... Order information holding unit, 212 ... Work content information holding unit, 213 ... Work ability information holding unit, 214 ... Cost information holding unit, 215 ... Schedule planning information holding unit, 216 ... Constraint information holding unit Reference numeral 220 ... Arithmetic processing device, 221 ... Work selection means, 222 ... Assignment means, 223 ... Schedule planning means, 224 ... Cost calculation means, 225 ... Schedule selection means, 230 ... Input / output device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Sato 292 Yoshida-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Stock Company Hitachi, Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. In a general schedule planning method for scheduling a schedule for manufacturing, logistics, and services according to an order received from a customer, a process of extracting one or a plurality of works required to realize an order from the customer, The process of assigning the work to an executable work department, the process of selecting the schedule of each work in each work department, the process of calculating the cost incurred for each work department, and the schedule plan of one or more An integrated schedule planning method, characterized by performing a process of selecting a schedule based on the cost incurred. [Claim 2] In an integrated schedule planning device for scheduling a schedule for manufacturing, distribution, and service according to an order received from a customer, an order information holding unit for holding order information such as product specifications and customer information, an order information and work contents A work content information holding unit that holds work content information indicating correspondence, a work ability information holding unit that holds work ability information of each work department, and cost information indicating a cost calculation method according to work contents, work time, etc. A cost information storage unit, a schedule plan information storage unit that stores schedule plan information indicating an existing schedule plan, and work selection means for selecting one or more required works from order information and work content information. , Selecting a schedule for selecting each work schedule in each work department from the assignment means for allocating the work to an executable work department and the work content, work capability information of each work department, and schedule planning information And stage, from the selected schedule and cost information of the scheduling information, and cost calculation means for calculating the costs incurred from among the one or more schedule plan,
An integrated schedule planning device comprising a schedule plan selecting means for selecting a schedule plan based on incurred costs. 3. A process according to claim 1, wherein when performing work across a plurality of work departments, a process of selecting a work schedule that satisfies a constraint condition regarding a schedule between work departments, and one or more schedule plans. The schedule scheduling method is characterized by performing a process of selecting a schedule based on the costs incurred by all work departments. 4. The work information processing system according to claim 2, further comprising a constraint information holding unit for holding constraint information which is a constraint condition regarding a schedule between the work departments, the work content, work capability information of each work department, schedule planning information and constraints. Schedule selection means to select the schedule of each work in each work department from the information, cost calculation means to calculate the cost incurred from the schedule plan information and the selected schedule and cost information, and one or more schedules An integrated schedule planning device comprising: a schedule plan selecting means for selecting a schedule based on costs incurred by all work departments from a plan. 5. The integrated schedule planning method according to claim 1, wherein a work schedule included in the existing schedule plan and a work requiring a new schedule are collectively planned. 6. The integrated schedule planning method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of setting a delivery date or a delivery date to the customer based on the schedule selected by the integrated schedule plan.