JPH08136782A - Mechanism for automatic attachment, detachment and fixing of device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a compact and inexpensive attachment, detachment and fixing mechanism by providing a fixing mechanism main body with a linear actuator automatically attaching, detaching and fixing a device and the like by elongation and contraction or rotation together with the elongation and contraction. CONSTITUTION: When an observation device 1 is fitted, it is lifted from the lower part by a carriage and the like in a state where the actuator rod 7 of the linear actuator 5 is made to fully elongate. Then, a retaining fitting 6 is rotated by 90 deg. and engaged with a fitting flange 2. Besides, the rod 7 is made to contract. When it is removed, the carriage and the like is made to stand by at an identical position to the fitting time and the rod 7 of the actuator 5 is made to elongate in a state where the fitting 6 is returned by 90 deg.. Since the actuator 5 is fitted to a fixed-side frame body 3 and the observation device 1 is attached and detached by the elongation and contraction of the actuator 5, the observation device 1 can be attached, detached and fixed by the small mechanism provided with only an electric motor in comparison with a conventional attachment, detachment and fixing mechanism for the observation device.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism for an optical infrared telescope observation device and the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

Conventional example 1. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a conventional observing device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism, in which 1 is an observing device such as an optical infrared telescope, 2 is a mounting flange provided in the observing device 1,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a fixed-side frame body, 4 denotes a fixed-side frame body mounting flange provided so as to face the mounting flange 2 portion of the observation apparatus 1, 101
Is a lever that is provided at the peripheral end of the mounting flange 4 of the fixed-side frame and that holds and holds the observation device 1, 102 is the center of rotation of the lever 101, 103 and 104 are cam followers attached to both ends of the lever 101, and 105 is A cam for driving the lever 101, a swivel bearing 106 for swiveling the cam 105, and a gear 107 driven by a driving motor 108. 109 is a spring, 110 is the observing device 1, the fixed side frame 3
And the central axis of the slewing bearing 106, and at the same time, the cam 10
5, the center of rotation of the gear 107.

Next, the operation will be described. The observation device 1 is attached from a state in which the observation device 1 is moved directly below the fixed-side frame body 3 by a carriage or the like. At this time, the lever 101 is tilted to such an angle that the cam follower 104 on the observation device 1 side is higher than the lower surface of the mounting flange 4 of the fixed frame.
When the power of the drive motor 108 is turned on and rotated, the gear and the cam 105 are rotated via the pinion.
10, the cam follower 103 on the fixed side frame 3 side attached to the tip of the lever 101 is pushed, and the lever 101 is rotated about the rotation shaft 102. When the lever 101 rotates, the cam follower 104 wraps around the lower side of the mounting flange 2 of the observation device 1 and contacts the chamfered portion of the lower surface 2 of the mounting flange. When the lever 101 further rotates from there, the observation device 1 is further pushed up and abuts on the lower surface of the mounting flange 4 of the fixed side frame body 3 to be fixed. When the observation device 1 is removed, the drive motor 108 is placed in a state in which a dolly or the like is placed immediately below the observation device 1.
Rotate in the opposite direction to when it was attached. Lever 101 at this time
The cam follower 103 rotates in the opposite direction to that when it is attached while the cam follower 103 is pressed against the cam 105 by the restoring force of the spring 109. By this operation, the observing device 1 can be removed on the dolly or the like without being dropped.

Conventional example 2. 12 and 13 are views showing another conventional observing device attaching / detaching fixing mechanism.
Reference numeral 1 is an observing device such as an optical infrared telescope, 2 is a mounting flange provided on the observing device 1, 3 is a fixed side frame body to which the observing device 1 is fixed, 4 is a mounting flange provided on the fixed side frame body 3. , 101 is a lever provided on the peripheral edge of the mounting flange 4 of the fixed-side frame 3, 102 is the center of rotation of the lever 101, 1
04 is a cam follower that is provided at the lower end of the lever 101 and engages with the mounting flange 2 of the observation device 1, 109 is a spring, 11
1 is an air jack, and an air reservoir 11 is provided in an air compressor 112.
3, the valve 114 is connected. The valve 115 is a valve for letting out high pressure air from the air jack 111.

Next, the operation will be described. Air reservoir 113
High-pressure air is supplied to the device by the air compressor 112. An upper limit and a lower limit are set for the pressure in the air reservoir 113, and the air compressor 112 stops when the pressure in the air reservoir 113 reaches the upper limit, and restarts the operation when the pressure in the air reservoir 113 decreases to the lower limit. The observation device 1 is attached from a state in which the observation device 1 has been transported to just below the fixed-side frame body 3 by a cart or the like. At this time, the valve 114 is closed and the valve 115 is opened. Since the high pressure air is not supplied to the air jack 111, the spring 1
The restorative force of 09 reduces the length to the minimum. Lever 10 connected to air jack 111
1 is inclined to an angle at which the cam follower 104 comes to a position higher than the lower surface of the fixed side frame body 3. Now close valve 115,
When 14 is opened, high-pressure air is supplied to the air jack 111, the air jack 111 extends, pushes the lever 101, and rotates the lever 101 around the rotation shaft 102. As a result, the cam follower 104 wraps around the lower side of the mounting flange 2 and hits the chamfered portion on the lower surface of the mounting flange 2. The air jack 111 extends further from there, and the lever 101
The observation device 1 is pushed up by rotating, and is held when it comes into contact with the lower surface of the mounting flange 4. When the observation device 1 is removed, the valve 114 is closed and the valve 115 is opened in a state in which a trolley or the like is placed immediately below the observation device 1. Then, since the high pressure air supplied to the air jack 111 is discharged, the air jack 111 contracts and the lever 101 rotates in the direction opposite to that when the observation device 1 is attached. By this operation, the observing device 1 can be dropped on a dolly or the like.

[0006]

Since the conventional observing device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism is constructed as described above, it has the following problems. (1) In Conventional Example 1, when the lever 101 is driven by the drive motor 108, a large slewing bearing 106 and a cam 1 are used.
05, gear 107, etc. are required, and the size and weight are large. (2) In the second conventional example, when the lever 101 is driven by the air jack 111, the air jack 111
Large-scale air compressor 11 for supplying high-pressure air to the
2. Requires air reservoir 113 and piping system. (3) Furthermore, in Conventional Example 2, after the observation device 1 is attached, the observation device 1 is held, and thus it is necessary to operate the air compressor 112 in order to keep the pressure in the air reservoir 113 high.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides an observing device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism which can be driven by an electric motor and can hold the observing device in a state in which the electric motor is powered off. The purpose is to do.

[0008]

An automatic device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a fixing mechanism main body and a linear actuator provided on the main body for automatically attaching / detaching and fixing the device and the like by expansion and contraction. .

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a second aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the first aspect, wherein the linear actuator is rotatable while the supporting means for supporting the device and the like expands and contracts.

An apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a third aspect is the automatic apparatus attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the linear actuator includes a key provided on the linear actuator body, and a spiral provided on the outer periphery of the actuator rod. The key is fitted in the key groove of the shape to guide the actuator rod.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the third aspect of the present invention, in which the linear actuator has a straight key groove and a straight key groove when the actuator rod extends. And a spiral key groove provided on the side of the groove on which the key comes into contact.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a fifth aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the linear actuator expands and contracts so that the supporting means for supporting the device or the like can penetrate the mounting surface of the device or the like. In addition, after the extension and penetration, the mounting surface is rotated so as to be able to support it.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism according to the fifth aspect, wherein the hole through which the supporting means penetrates the mounting surface of the device is an elongated hole, and the supporting means has the long length. It is an elliptical shape that can penetrate a hole.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a seventh aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the fourth aspect, in which the keyway of the linear actuator is a combination of a straight keyway and a spiral keyway. The supporting means is rotated when there is no load when the apparatus or the like is not supported.

The automatic device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism according to an eighth aspect is the automatic device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism according to the third aspect, wherein the linear actuator is provided at a branch point of a key groove of the linear actuator, and after the key passes through the branch point. When the driving direction of (1) is reversed, a stopper is provided to prevent the key from returning to the passed key groove.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the supporting means for supporting the device is a nut fixed to the actuator rod and a disc spring. And a contact member that is provided on the upper part of the nut and contacts the mounting surface of the device or the like.

An apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the fifth aspect, in which the supporting means is fitted to a mounting surface of a device or the like with which the supporting means abuts to prevent its rotation. It is provided with a counterbored hole.

[0018]

In the automatic device attaching / detaching / fixing mechanism of the first aspect, the linear actuator attached to the fixing mechanism expands / contracts to automatically attach / detach the device or the like.

In the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism of the second aspect, the linear actuator expands and contracts the support means for supporting the device and the like and rotates the support means.

According to another aspect of the apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism, the key of the linear actuator guides the actuator rod by fitting the key into a spiral key groove provided on the outer circumference of the actuator rod.

In the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism of the fourth aspect, the actuator rod extends and the helical key groove rotates.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the automatic device attachment / detachment / fixing mechanism penetrates the mounting surface of the device or the like when the supporting means for supporting the device or the like extends and contracts, and rotates after extension and penetration to support the mounting surface of the device or the like.

In the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism of the sixth aspect, the oblong support means penetrates the elongated hole of the attachment surface of the device or the like.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism rotates the support means when there is no load when the device or the like is not supported.

According to another aspect of the invention, the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism prevents the key from returning to the passed key groove when the driving direction of the linear actuator is reversed after the key passes through the branch point by the stopper.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism of the ninth aspect supports the device and the like by the biasing force of the disc spring.

In the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the tenth aspect, the counterbore hole of the mounting surface of the device or the like with which the supporting means abuts fits the supporting means to prevent its rotation.

[0028]

【Example】

Example 1. Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is an observing device such as an optical infrared telescope which is one of the devices, 2 is a mounting flange which is a mounting surface of the device provided on the upper part of the observing device 1, and 3 is the observing device 1 fixed The fixed-side frame body 4 is a mounting flange provided on the fixed-side frame body 3, and the reference numeral 5 is eight linear actuators provided on the mounting flange 4 of the fixed-side frame body 3. Reference numeral 6 denotes an oval holding metal fitting which is a supporting means of a device or the like among the elements constituting the linear actuator 5, and 7 also denotes an actuator rod. Rotate 6.

Next, the operation will be described. When the observation device 1 is attached, the observation device 1 is placed in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 2A while the actuator rod 7 of the linear actuator 5 is fully extended, and lifted by a trolley or the like from below to attach the observation device 1 to the mounting flange. After the pressing metal fitting 6 has passed through the oval hole 19 which is opened in FIG.
As shown in (b), the pressing member 6 is rotated by 90 ° so that the pressing member 6 can engage with the mounting flange 2, and the actuator rod 7 is contracted. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the pressing metal fitting 6 is moved to the 9
It is rotated by 0 °, the mounting flange 2 is hooked, the observation device 1 is hung up, and fixed when the mounting flanges 2 and 4 come into contact with each other. To remove the observing device 1, the actuator of the linear actuator 5 should be put in a state in which the trolley is placed in the same position as when it was attached, and the holding metal fitting 6 is returned 90 ° from the position shown in FIG. 2 (b) to the position shown in FIG. 2 (a). This is done by extending the rod 7.

According to this embodiment, since the linear actuator 5 is attached to the fixed side frame body 3 and the observation device 1 is attached and detached by expansion and contraction thereof, the electric motor is different from the conventional observation device attachment and detachment fixing mechanism. The observation device can be attached and detached with a small mechanism only.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Below, linear actuator 5
Will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the figure, 6 is a horizontally long pressing metal fitting, 7 is an actuator rod that expands and contracts and rotates, 8 is a mounting flange that mounts the linear actuator 5 on the mounting flange 4 of the fixed-side frame 3, and 9 is a ball that converts rotational motion into linear motion. Screw part, 10 is motor 11
The speed reducer portion 12 for reducing the rotation of the actuator is a spiral groove provided on the outer periphery of the actuator rod 7, and is rotated by about 90 ° as shown in FIGS. Reference numeral 13 is a key fixed to the main body of the linear actuator 5 and fitted in the groove 12 to guide the actuator rod 7.

Next, the operation will be described. When the motor 11 is driven, the rotation of the motor 11 is reduced by the reduction gear unit 10, and the reduced rotation is transmitted to the ball screw unit 9 to rotate the screw shaft, whereby the actuator rod 7 expands and contracts in the axial direction. At this time, the actuator rod 7 is guided by the groove 12 and the key 13 and rotates about 90 °.

According to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain the linear actuator 5 that rotates the actuator rod 7 while expanding and contracting by a small mechanism including only the motor.

Example 3. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing details of the holding metal fitting 6 in the first and second embodiments. In the drawing, 14 is a nut fixed to the actuator rod 7, and 15 is a plate provided between the nut 14 and the actuator rod 7. A spring, 16 is a disc spring retainer fitting which is a contact member for sandwiching the nut 14 and the disc spring 15, and 17 is the disc spring retainer fitting 16
It is a retainer. When no load is applied, the disc spring retainer 16 is simply placed on the disc spring 15 and is prevented from coming off by the retainer 17.

When the observing device 1 is mounted and fixed to the fixed side frame 3, if the linear actuator 5 is contracted until the disc spring 15 is sufficiently compressed and the drive is stopped there, the compressed disc spring 15 is replaced. Even if the power supply for driving the motor 11 is turned off by the force of returning to the observation device 1,
Can be held.

According to this embodiment, since the pressing metal member 6 is constructed such that the disc spring 15 is sandwiched between the nut fixed to the actuator rod 7 and the free disc spring pressing metal member 16, the power source for driving the motor 11 is turned off. However, the observation device 1 can be held.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 7 and 8 are views showing an example of a key groove provided in the actuator rod 7. In the figure, the key groove 18 is a combination of a conventional straight key groove and a spiral key groove. To combine the straight keyway and the spiral keyway, the actuator rod 7
This is to rotate it by 0 °. The shape of the key groove 18 is shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 7, when the actuator rod 7 extends and contracts, the key 13 is moved while hitting the opposite surface. As shown in Fig. 7, when the actuator rod 7 extends, the key 13 hits. A spiral keyway is provided on the side.

When the observation device 1 is attached / removed, the position of the key 13 moves as follows. 1. When installing (1) Extend the actuator rod 7. A → B → rotation → C → flange passage → D → rotation → E → F (2) The actuator rod 7 is contracted. F → H → Lifting → A 2. When removing (1) Extend the actuator rod 7. A → suspension → H → G → rotation → D (2) The actuator rod 7 is contracted. D → Flange passing → C → Rotation → B → A

By providing the actuator rod 7 with the key groove 18 in which the straight groove and the spiral key groove are combined, the observation device 1 can be attached and detached only by the linear actuator 5. This has the effect of eliminating the need to lift the observation device 1 with a dolly or the like before attachment and detachment.

Example 5. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the shape of the holes provided in the mounting flange 2 of the observation device 1. In the figure, 1
9 is a hole through which the holding metal fitting 6 passes, 20 is 90
It is a counterbore hole that can be fitted after turning by °. The counterbore hole 20 is provided so as to be displaced with respect to the hole 19 by the same angle as the rotation of the holding metal fitting 6 (FIG. 9 shows the case where the holding metal fitting 6 rotates 90 °). By providing the counterbore hole 20 for the holding metal fitting, the rotation of the actuator rod 7 when the observation device 1 is suspended can be restricted. When applied to the case where the key groove 18 of FIG. 7 is used, it is possible to prevent the key 13 from erroneously moving from B to C when the key 13 passes the branch point B when the observation device 1 is removed.

Example 6. FIG. 10 is a view showing a reverse rotation preventing mechanism of the key 13, and in the figure, 21 is a stopper made of a spring material for guiding the movement of the key 13 in the key groove 18. When the key 13 moves from G to D, when the key 13 hits the stopper 21, the stopper 21 made of a spring material bends by itself to pass the key 13. However, when the key 13 tries to move from D to G, the stopper 21 is deformed so as to close the key groove 18,
Guide the key 13 in the C or E direction.

When the stopper 21 is applied to the branch point D of the keyway 18 in FIG. 7, when the observation device 1 is removed, first the actuator rod 7 is extended to suspend the observation device 1 (A → H → G). Next, rotate the holding metal fitting 6 (G →
D). Then, the driving direction of the linear actuator 5 is reversed, but at this time, the key 21 of the stopper 21 is changed from D to G.
The key 13 can be moved from D to C to pass through the through hole 19 while preventing the return to.

According to this embodiment, by providing the stopper 21 at the branch point D of the key groove 18, the reverse rotation of the key 13 can be prevented, and the observation device 1 can be attached and detached reliably.

[0044]

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the first aspect of the present invention is configured to include a fixing mechanism main body and a linear actuator provided on the main body for automatically attaching and detaching and fixing the device or the like by expansion and contraction. An inexpensive detachable fixing mechanism can be obtained.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a second aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the first aspect, in which the linear actuator is configured to be rotatable while the supporting means for supporting the device and the like expands and contracts. The device can be automatically attached to and detached from the supporting means.

The apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a third aspect is the apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the linear actuator includes a key provided on the linear actuator body, and a spiral provided on the outer periphery of the actuator rod. Since the key is fitted in the key groove to guide the actuator rod, the actuator rod can be expanded and contracted and rotated, and a small and inexpensive attachment / detachment fixing mechanism can be obtained.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a fourth aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the third aspect, wherein the key groove of the linear actuator is a straight key groove and the straight key is formed when the actuator rod extends. Since the spiral key groove is provided on the side of the groove on which the key comes into contact, the linear actuator can be used to raise and lower the device and the like.

An apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a fifth aspect is the apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the linear actuator expands and contracts so that the supporting means for supporting the apparatus etc. can penetrate the mounting surface of the apparatus etc. In addition, since the mounting surface is rotated so that it can be supported after extension and penetration, the device and the like can be supported by the linear actuator as well as can be lifted and lowered.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the fifth aspect, wherein the hole through which the supporting means penetrates the mounting surface of the device or the like is a long hole, and the supporting means is a long hole. Since it is an elliptical shape that can penetrate through, it is possible to raise and lower the device etc. with a linear actuator,
A device or the like can be supported.

An apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the automatic apparatus attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the fourth aspect, wherein the keyway of the linear actuator is a combination of a straight keyway and a spiral keyway. Since the supporting means is rotated when there is no load when the apparatus or the like is not supported, it is possible to raise or lower the apparatus or the like by the linear actuator, and it is possible to support the apparatus or the like.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 8 is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the linear actuator is provided at a branch point of a key groove of the linear actuator, and after the key passes through the branch point. Since the stopper is provided to prevent the key from returning to the passed key groove when the driving direction is reversed, it is possible to reliably attach and detach the device and the like.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the supporting means for supporting the device or the like is a nut fixed to an actuator rod and a disc spring. Since the contact member is provided on the upper part of the nut and comes into contact with the mounting surface of the device or the like, the device or the like can be supported even when the power source of the linear actuator is turned off.

The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a tenth aspect is the automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to the fifth aspect, wherein the supporting means is fitted to the mounting surface of the device or the like with which the supporting means abuts to prevent its rotation. Since the counterbore hole is provided, the rotation can be restricted when the device or the like is supported.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of an apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a linear actuator of an apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an actuator rod of a device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a structure of an actuator rod of an apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a structure of a holding metal fitting of an automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a key groove of an actuator rod of an automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between a key groove of an actuator rod and a key of an automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a structure of a mounting hole on an observation device side of an automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a reverse rotation prevention mechanism of an automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a configuration of a conventional device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a view showing the configuration of another conventional automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a view showing the configuration of another conventional automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 observation device, 2 mounting flange, 3 fixed side frame, 5
Linear actuator, 6 retainer, 7 actuator rod, 12 keyway, 13 key, 15 disc spring, 16 disc spring retainer, 18 keyway, 19 hole,
20 counterbore holes, 21 stoppers.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A fixing mechanism main body and a fixing mechanism main body,
An automatic device attachment / detachment mechanism that includes a linear actuator that automatically attaches and detaches and fixes the device by expansion and contraction. 2. The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the linear actuator is rotatable while the supporting means for supporting the device and the like expands and contracts. 3. The linear actuator comprises a key provided on the linear actuator main body, and the key is fitted in a spiral key groove provided on the outer periphery of the actuator rod to guide the actuator rod. The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 2. 4. The keyway of the linear actuator has a straight keyway and a spiral keyway provided on a side of the straight keyway on which the key contacts when the actuator rod extends. The device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 3. 5. The linear actuator according to claim 2, wherein the supporting means for supporting the device or the like expands or contracts so as to penetrate the mounting surface of the device or the like, and rotates so as to support the mounting surface after the extension and penetration. The device automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism described. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the hole through which the supporting means penetrates the mounting surface of the device or the like is an elongated hole, and the supporting means is an elliptical shape which can penetrate the elongated hole. Automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism. 7. The linear actuator keyway is a combination of a straight keyway and a spiral keyway, and the supporting means is rotated when there is no load when the apparatus or the like is not supported. The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 4. 8. A linear actuator is provided at a branch point of a keyway, and when the key reverses the driving direction of the linear actuator after passing the branch point, the key is returned to the passed keyway. The automatic device attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 3, further comprising a stopper for preventing the device. 9. A support means for supporting a device or the like includes a nut fixed to an actuator rod, and a contact member provided on the nut via a disc spring and abutting against a mounting surface of the device or the like. The apparatus automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the mechanism is provided. 10. The automatic attachment / detachment fixing mechanism according to claim 5, wherein a counterbore hole for fitting the supporting means to prevent its rotation is provided on a mounting surface of the device or the like with which the supporting means abuts. .