JPH08121521A - Air spring and air spring height measuring method and control method - Google Patents
Air spring and air spring height measuring method and control methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08121521A JPH08121521A JP6255356A JP25535694A JPH08121521A JP H08121521 A JPH08121521 A JP H08121521A JP 6255356 A JP6255356 A JP 6255356A JP 25535694 A JP25535694 A JP 25535694A JP H08121521 A JPH08121521 A JP H08121521A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- height
- air chamber
- air
- air spring
- supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/11—Mounting of sensors thereon
- B60G2204/111—Mounting of sensors thereon on pneumatic springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60G2400/25—Stroke; Height; Displacement
- B60G2400/252—Stroke; Height; Displacement vertical
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は空気ばね、とくに、鉄
道車両に用いて好適な空気ばねに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air spring, and more particularly to an air spring suitable for use in railway vehicles.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】鉄道車両に適用される空気ばねの高さ、
ひいては、台車と車体との間隔の制御は、通常は、空気
ばねに供給される空気圧の大きさを調節することによっ
て行われており、この場合において、空気ばねの実際の
高さは、空気ばねの上下の端面を機械的に連結する検出
機構を用いて測定することが一般的であった。2. Description of the Related Art Height of an air spring applied to a railway vehicle,
Consequently, the control of the distance between the bogie and the vehicle body is usually performed by adjusting the magnitude of the air pressure supplied to the air spring, and in this case, the actual height of the air spring is the air spring. It was common to measure using a detection mechanism that mechanically connects the upper and lower end faces of the.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかるに、鉄道車両に
適用される最近の空気ばねは、上下方向のみならず、前
後および左右方向にもまた大きく変形することから、前
記検出機構を、これらの前後および左右方向の変形に十
分に追従させてなお、空気ばねの高さを正確に測定すべ
く機能させる場合には、その検出機構の構造が複雑にな
るともに、占有スペースが大きくなり、しかも検出機構
が高価になるという問題があった。However, recent air springs applied to railroad vehicles are greatly deformed not only in the vertical direction but also in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. When the air spring is made to function accurately to measure the height of the air spring while sufficiently following the deformation in the left and right directions, the structure of the detection mechanism becomes complicated, the occupied space becomes large, and the detection mechanism is Had the problem of becoming expensive.
【０００４】この発明は、従来技術の有するこのような
問題点を解決することを課題として検討した結果なされ
たものであり、この発見の目的は、とくには、非接触式
高さセンサおよび圧力センサ等を用いることで、空気ば
ねの前後および左右方向への変形量の多少にかからわ
ず、それの高さを正確かつ迅速に検知することができ
る、簡単にして小型で、かつ安価な高さ測定手段、ひい
ては、その高さ測定手段を具える空気ばね、その空気ば
ねの高さ測定方法および高さ制御方法を提供するにあ
る。The present invention has been made as a result of investigations aimed at solving such problems of the prior art, and the purpose of this discovery is, in particular, a non-contact height sensor and a pressure sensor. , Etc., the height of the air spring can be accurately and quickly detected regardless of the amount of deformation of the air spring in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a height measuring means, an air spring having the height measuring means, and a height measuring method and a height controlling method for the air spring.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明の空気ばねは、
上面板および下面板のそれぞれに、筒状可撓膜体のそれ
ぞれの端部を気密に連結するとともに、それらの面板の
いずれか一方にゴム積層体を連結し、また、それぞれの
面板と筒状可撓膜体とで画成される空気室への加圧空気
の給排口を設けるとともに、その給排口を経て、空気室
に対する加圧空気の給排を行う給排制御手段を設けたも
のにおいて、空気室の内側で、いずれか一方の面板に高
さセンサを、そして他方の面板に、その高さセンサから
の信号を反射する反射板をそれぞれ取り付け、さらに、
空気室の内側もしくは、それの外側の空気配管内に圧力
センサを設けたものである。The air spring of the present invention comprises:
Each end of the tubular flexible film body is airtightly connected to each of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the rubber laminate is connected to either one of the face plates. A supply / discharge port for pressurized air to / from the air chamber defined by the flexible film body is provided, and a supply / discharge control means for supplying / discharging pressurized air to / from the air chamber is provided via the supply / discharge port. In the inside of the air chamber, a height sensor is attached to one of the face plates, and a reflector plate that reflects a signal from the height sensor is attached to the other face plate, and
A pressure sensor is provided inside the air chamber or inside the air pipe outside the air chamber.
【０００６】また、この発明の高さ測定方法は、上述し
た空気ばねにおいて、高さセンサからの信号に基づいて
空気室高さ、より正確には、それぞれの面板の厚みを含
む空気室高さを求め、また、圧力センサからの信号に基
づいて、直接的もしくは間接的にゴム積層体の高さを演
算し、そして、ゴム積層体のこの高さと前記空気室高さ
とから空気ばねの高さを求めるものである。Further, in the height measuring method of the present invention, in the above-mentioned air spring, the height of the air chamber based on the signal from the height sensor, more accurately, the height of the air chamber including the thickness of each face plate. Further, the height of the rubber laminated body is calculated directly or indirectly based on the signal from the pressure sensor, and the height of the air spring is calculated from this height of the rubber laminated body and the height of the air chamber. Is to seek.
【０００７】さらに、この発明の高さ制御方法は、前述
した空気ばねにおいて、高さセンサによって空気室高さ
を求めるとともに、圧力センサからの信号に基づいてゴ
ム積層体の現実の高さを演算した後に、それらの両高さ
の和をもって空気ばねの所要の高さと比較し、この比較
結果に応じて、空気ばねが所要の高さとなるまで、空気
室に対する加圧空気の給排を行うものである。Further, in the height control method of the present invention, in the above-described air spring, the height of the air chamber is obtained by the height sensor, and the actual height of the rubber laminate is calculated based on the signal from the pressure sensor. After that, the sum of the two heights is compared with the required height of the air spring, and according to the comparison result, the pressurized air is supplied to and discharged from the air chamber until the air spring reaches the required height. Is.
【０００８】また他の高さ制御方法は、現実の空気室高
さおよびゴム積層体高さを前述したと同様にして求めた
後に、前記ゴム積層体高さを、空気ばねの所要の高さか
ら減算し、そしてこの減算値と前記空気室高さとを比較
して、その空気室高さが減算値と等しくなるまで、空気
室に対する加圧空気の給排を行うものである。Another height control method is to obtain the actual air chamber height and the rubber laminate height in the same manner as described above, and then subtract the rubber laminate height from the required height of the air spring. Then, the subtracted value is compared with the air chamber height, and the pressurized air is supplied to and discharged from the air chamber until the air chamber height becomes equal to the subtracted value.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】この空気ばねでは、上下いずれか一方の面板
に、電磁式、光学式、超音波式などとすることができ
て、信号の発信および受信を行う高さセンサを取り付
け、そこから発生された信号を、他方の面板に取り付け
た反射板で反射させた後に受信することにより、極めて
簡単で、かつ小型であるとともに、安価な装置をもっ
て、上下の面板、ひいては、空気ばねの、前後および左
右方向の変位量の大小にかかわらず、それらの両面板の
相対高さ、いいかえれば、上下両面板と筒状可撓膜体と
で囲繞される空気室の高さを十分正確にかつ迅速に測定
することができる。従って、その測定高さに、上下面板
等の既知の一定高さを、事前にもしくは事後的に加算す
ることによって、空気ばねの、ゴム積層体を除いた部分
の高さを求めることができる。In this air spring, one of the upper and lower face plates can be of an electromagnetic type, an optical type, an ultrasonic type, or the like, and a height sensor for transmitting and receiving signals is attached to generate a signal from the height sensor. The reflected signal is reflected by the reflector attached to the other face plate and then received, making it extremely simple and compact, and with an inexpensive device, the upper and lower face plates, and by extension, the front and rear and left and right sides of the air spring. Regardless of the amount of displacement in the direction, the relative height of those double-sided plates, in other words, the height of the air chamber surrounded by the upper and lower double-sided plates and the tubular flexible film body, can be measured sufficiently accurately and quickly. can do. Therefore, the height of the portion of the air spring excluding the rubber laminate can be obtained by adding the known fixed height of the upper and lower face plates or the like to the measured height in advance or afterwards.
【００１０】ここで、反射板は、上下面板に、前後およ
び左右方向の相対変位が生じた場合であっても、発信信
号の確実なる反射をもたらすに足る表面積を有すること
はもちろんである。Here, it goes without saying that the reflector has a surface area sufficient to bring about reliable reflection of the transmitted signal even when the upper and lower face plates undergo relative displacement in the front-back and left-right directions.
【００１１】またここでは、空気室もしくはそこへの配
管に設けた圧力センサによって空気室内圧を測定し、こ
の測定結果から、たとえば、ゴム積層体の高さ変化量を
演算することで、空気室内圧の変化に伴うゴム積層体高
さの伸縮変形量を簡易・迅速にかつ正確に求めることが
できる。ところで、ここにおける、ゴム積層体の、高さ
変化量の演算は、空気室内圧と、ゴム積層体の高さの変
化量等との予め求めた較正曲線に基づいて行うことがで
きる。Further, here, the pressure inside the air chamber is measured by a pressure sensor provided in the air chamber or a pipe connected to the air chamber, and from this measurement result, for example, the height change amount of the rubber laminate is calculated to calculate the pressure in the air chamber. The amount of elastic deformation of the height of the rubber laminate due to a change in pressure can be simply, quickly and accurately determined. By the way, here, the calculation of the height change amount of the rubber laminate can be performed based on a calibration curve obtained in advance for the air chamber pressure, the change amount of the height of the rubber laminate, and the like.
【００１２】これがため、この空気ばねでは、空気室内
圧の変化に伴う、ゴム積層体の高さの変化量を考慮し
て、高さが変化した後のゴム積層体の現実の高さと空気
室高さとを加算することで空気ばね全体の高さを求める
ことができる。Therefore, in this air spring, the actual height of the rubber laminate after the height change and the air chamber are considered in consideration of the change amount of the height of the rubber laminate due to the change of the pressure in the air chamber. The height of the entire air spring can be obtained by adding the height and the height.
【００１３】従って、この空気ばねによれば、ゴム積層
体をも含む空気ばね全体の高さの測定を、前述した高さ
センサおよび反射板と、空気室の内側もしくは外側に配
設した圧力センサ等からなる測定手段をもって行い得る
ことになり、高さ測定手段の全体構造を簡単なものとす
るとともに、その全体を小型かつ安価なものとすること
もでき、しかも、故障のおそれを十分に取り除くことが
できる。Therefore, according to this air spring, the height of the entire air spring including the rubber laminated body is measured, and the height sensor and the reflection plate described above and the pressure sensor disposed inside or outside the air chamber are used. Since the height measuring means can be made simple, the whole structure of the height measuring means can be made small and inexpensive, and the risk of failure can be sufficiently removed. be able to.
【００１４】なおここで、前記空気室と、ゴム積層体と
を直列に連結した場合において、たとえば、上面板と、
ゴム積層体底面とのそれぞれに高さセンサおよび反射板
のそれぞれを取り付けたときには、圧力センサを用いる
ことなしに、空気ばねの全体高さを直接的に測定するこ
とが可能になるも、空気ばねの水平方向の変位に際して
は、上面板とゴム積層体底面との間の相対変位量が相当
大きくなるため、この場合には、反射板の寸法をもまた
相当大きくすることが必要になるとう不都合がある。Here, in the case where the air chamber and the rubber laminated body are connected in series, for example, a top plate,
When the height sensor and the reflection plate are attached to the bottom of the rubber laminate and the height of the air spring can be directly measured without using a pressure sensor, the air spring can be directly measured. In the horizontal displacement, the relative displacement between the top plate and the bottom surface of the rubber laminate becomes considerably large, and in this case, the size of the reflection plate also needs to be considerably large. There is.
【００１５】そしてさらに、このような空気ばねの、所
要の高さへの高さ制御は、上述のようにして求めた空気
ばねの現実の高さを、それの所要の高さと比較し、そし
て、それら両者の差がなくなるように空気室に対して加
圧空気を給排することによって行うことができ、これに
よれば、ゴム積層体の伸縮変形量および水平方向変形量
のいかんにかかわらず、空気ばねの高さを所要の高さに
正確に維持することができる。Furthermore, the height control of such an air spring to the required height is such that the actual height of the air spring determined as described above is compared with its required height, and , Which can be performed by supplying and discharging pressurized air to and from the air chamber so as to eliminate the difference between them, regardless of the elastic deformation amount and horizontal deformation amount of the rubber laminate. The height of the air spring can be accurately maintained at the required height.
【００１６】ところで、空気ばねの高さ制御は、現実の
空気室高さ及びゴム積層体高さのそれぞれを求め、空気
ばねの所要の高さから、現実のゴム積層体の高さを減算
し、その減算値と空気室高さとが等しくなるまで、加圧
空気を空気室に対して給排することよってもまた行うこ
とができ、これによってもまた、空気ばねを、所要の高
さに正確にコントロールすることができる。By the way, in controlling the height of the air spring, the actual height of the air chamber and the height of the rubber laminate are respectively obtained, and the actual height of the rubber laminate is subtracted from the required height of the air spring, It can also be done by feeding and exhausting pressurized air into and out of the air chamber until the subtracted value is equal to the air chamber height, which also ensures that the air spring is exactly at the required height. You can control.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下にこの発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説
明する。図１はこの発明の実施例を示す縦断面図であ
り、図中１は上面板を、２は下面板をそれぞれ示す。こ
こでは、これらの上下の面板１，２のそれぞれに、筒状
可撓膜体３の上下の端部を気密に連結して、それらの面
板１，２と筒状可撓膜体３とで囲繞される空気室４を画
成する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 indicates an upper plate and 2 indicates a lower plate. Here, the upper and lower end portions of the tubular flexible film body 3 are airtightly connected to the upper and lower face plates 1 and 2, respectively, and the face plates 1 and 2 and the tubular flexible film body 3 are joined together. An enclosed air chamber 4 is defined.
【００１８】またここでは、下面板２の下面に、全体と
してほぼ円筒形状をなすゴム積層体５を同心連結し、こ
のゴム積層体５の下端に位置するストッパープレート６
に、図示しない補助タンクに接続される接続口部７を、
ゴム積層体５の下方へ筒状に突出させて設ける。Further, here, a rubber laminated body 5 having a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole is concentrically connected to the lower surface of the lower surface plate 2, and a stopper plate 6 located at the lower end of the rubber laminated body 5.
And a connection port 7 connected to an auxiliary tank (not shown),
It is provided so as to project in a cylindrical shape below the rubber laminated body 5.
【００１９】この一方で、上面板１の中央部には加圧空
気の給排口８を設け、この給排口８を給排制御手段９を
介して加圧空気供給手段10に接続する。On the other hand, a supply / discharge port 8 for pressurized air is provided in the central portion of the top plate 1, and this supply / discharge port 8 is connected to the pressurized air supply means 10 via the supply / discharge control means 9.
【００２０】なおこの例では、下面板２に可変絞り弁11
を配設し、これにより、空気室４と補助タンクとの圧力
差が所定値を越えたときにだけ、それら両者の連結、ひ
いては、それらの間での加圧空気の流動を可能ならしめ
る。In this example, the variable throttle valve 11 is attached to the bottom plate 2.
Is provided so that only when the pressure difference between the air chamber 4 and the auxiliary tank exceeds a predetermined value, they can be connected to each other and, consequently, compressed air can flow between them.
【００２１】この可変絞り弁11は、具体的には図２に示
すように、下面板２に取り付けたカップ状ハウジング11
a の周壁および底壁のそれぞれに通孔11b を設け、そし
て、そのハウジング内に、ばね11c によって相互に離隔
する方向に付勢された弁体11d とばね座部材11e とを、
それらに貫通するボルト11f の拘束下で配置して、ばね
座部材11e を底壁通孔11b の周りに、そして、弁体11d
を、ハウジング11a に取り付けた内向フランジ11g およ
び、ボルト11f の上端部に取付けた弁座11h のそれぞれ
に着座させ、さらに、その弁体11d を、それとハウジン
グ底壁との間に介装した、ばね定数の大きな他のばね11
i によって内向フランジ11g および弁座11h に強く押圧
することによって構成したものである。The variable throttle valve 11 is, specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a cup-shaped housing 11 attached to a lower plate 2.
A through hole 11b is provided in each of the peripheral wall and the bottom wall of a, and a valve body 11d and a spring seat member 11e, which are biased in a direction away from each other by a spring 11c, are provided in the housing.
The spring seat member 11e is placed around the bottom wall through hole 11b, and the valve body 11d is placed under the restraint of the bolt 11f penetrating them.
Is seated on each of the inward flange 11g mounted on the housing 11a and the valve seat 11h mounted on the upper end of the bolt 11f, and the valve body 11d is interposed between it and the housing bottom wall. Other springs with large constants 11
It is configured by strongly pressing the inward flange 11g and the valve seat 11h by i.
【００２２】このような可変絞り弁11において、空気室
４の内圧P1が補助タンク側の内圧P2より大きくなると、
弁体11d および弁座11h が図２(b) に示すように、それ
ぞれのばね11c, 11iのばね力に抗して一体的に下降変位
し、このことにて、その弁体11d と内向フランジ11g と
の間に圧力差に応じた間隙が生じるので、空気室内の加
圧空気は、その間隙から、ハウジング11a に設けた通孔
11b を経て補助タンク側へ流入する。In such a variable throttle valve 11, when the internal pressure P 1 of the air chamber 4 becomes larger than the internal pressure P 2 of the auxiliary tank side,
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), the valve body 11d and the valve seat 11h are integrally displaced downward against the spring force of the respective springs 11c and 11i, which causes the valve body 11d and the inward flange to move. Since a gap is created between it and 11g depending on the pressure difference, the compressed air in the air chamber will pass through the gap to the through hole provided in the housing 11a.
It flows into the auxiliary tank side via 11b.
【００２３】この一方において、補助タンク側の内圧P2
が空気室内圧P1より大きくなると、ばね座部材11e およ
びボルト11f が、図２(c) に示すように、弁座11h とと
もに、一方のばね11c のばね力に抗して上昇変位して、
その弁座11h と弁体11d との間に圧力差に応じた隙間を
もたらし、これにより、補助タンク側の加圧空気が、ハ
ウジング通孔11b からその隙間を経て空気室４へ流入す
る。On the other hand, the internal pressure P 2 on the auxiliary tank side
2 becomes larger than the air chamber pressure P 1 , the spring seat member 11e and the bolt 11f move upward together with the valve seat 11h against the spring force of one spring 11c, as shown in FIG. 2 (c).
A gap corresponding to the pressure difference is provided between the valve seat 11h and the valve body 11d, so that the pressurized air on the auxiliary tank side flows into the air chamber 4 from the housing through hole 11b through the gap.
【００２４】そしてまたこの例では、空気室４の内側
で、上面板１に、たとえば、光学式の高さセンサ12を取
り付けるとともに、下面板２の、その高さセンサ12と対
向する位置に反射板13を取り付ける。ここでの反射板13
は、図３に平面図で例示するように、上下の面板１，２
の相互に、前後および左右方向の水平相対変位が生じて
も、高さセンサ12から発せられた光を、その高さセンサ
12に向けて確実に反射するに十分な表面積を有する。In this example, an optical height sensor 12 is attached to the upper plate 1 inside the air chamber 4, and the lower plate 2 is reflected at a position facing the height sensor 12. Install plate 13. Reflector here 13
Is the upper and lower face plates 1, 2 as illustrated in the plan view of FIG.
Even if horizontal relative displacement in the front-back and left-right directions occurs, the light emitted from the height sensor 12 is
It has a surface area sufficient to reliably reflect towards 12.
【００２５】なお、上下の面板１，２の前後方向の変位
は、多くは、それらの両面板１，２の中心軸線の周りで
の回動変位をも含むことになるので、反射板13を所定の
幅を有する円弧形状とすることによって、反射板のトー
タル表面積を有効に低減させてなお、各方向の相対変位
に十分に対応させることができる。Since the displacement of the upper and lower face plates 1 and 2 in the front-rear direction often includes the rotational displacement of the two face plates 1 and 2 about the central axis, By making the shape of an arc having a predetermined width, the total surface area of the reflection plate can be effectively reduced, and the relative displacement in each direction can be sufficiently dealt with.
【００２６】このような構成の下で、高さセンサ12は、
そこから発せられた光が、反射板13を経て再びそこへ戻
るまでの時間を計測することによって空気室４の高さ、
直接的には、高さセンサ12と反射板13との間の距離を検
知することができる。従って、ゴム積層体５より上方に
位置する空気ばね部分の高さは、前記検知結果に、上下
の面板部分の所定の厚さを加算することによって求める
ことができる。Under such a structure, the height sensor 12 is
The height of the air chamber 4 is measured by measuring the time required for the light emitted from the light source to pass through the reflector 13 and return to the light source.
The distance between the height sensor 12 and the reflection plate 13 can be directly detected. Therefore, the height of the air spring portion located above the rubber laminate 5 can be obtained by adding the predetermined thickness of the upper and lower face plate portions to the detection result.
【００２７】なおここで、高さセンサ12を下面板２に、
そして反射板13を上面板１にそれぞれ取り付けることも
でき、このことによっても前述したと同様の作用をもた
らすことができる。Here, the height sensor 12 is attached to the lower plate 2,
Then, the reflection plates 13 can be attached to the upper surface plate 1, respectively, which can also provide the same operation as described above.
【００２８】さらに図示例では、これも空気室４の内側
で、上面板１に、空気室内圧を測定する圧力センサ14を
取り付ける。なお、この圧力センサ14は、給排口８と給
排制御手段９との間の配管の途中に配設することも可能
である。Further, in the illustrated example, a pressure sensor 14 for measuring the pressure in the air chamber is attached to the upper plate 1 also inside the air chamber 4. The pressure sensor 14 can be arranged in the pipe between the supply / discharge port 8 and the supply / discharge control means 9.
【００２９】このように構成してなる空気ばねにおいて
は、それの高さ、いいかえれば上面板１の上面から、ゴ
ム積層体５の下面までの距離の測定は、たとえば、高さ
センサ12を作用させることによって、空気室高さ、ひい
ては、空気ばねの、ゴム積層体５より上方に位置する部
分全体の高さを検知し、また、圧力センサ14からの圧力
信号に基づいて、ゴム積層体５の高さの、基準値に対す
る変化量、ひいては、ゴム積層体５の現実の高さを演算
し、その後、それらの両高さを加算することによって行
うことができる。In the air spring constructed as described above, the height sensor 12, that is, the distance from the upper surface of the upper plate 1 to the lower surface of the rubber laminate 5 is measured by, for example, operating the height sensor 12. By doing so, the height of the air chamber, and hence the height of the entire portion of the air spring located above the rubber laminated body 5, is detected, and based on the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 14, the rubber laminated body 5 is detected. Can be performed by calculating the amount of change in the height of the rubber laminated body 5 with respect to the reference value and, by extension, the actual height of the rubber laminate 5, and then adding both the heights.
【００３０】なおここで、空気室内圧と、ゴム積層体５
の高さ変化量との関係は、たとえば、鉄道車両の満車時
における一般的な空気室内圧とされる５kgf/cm2 のとき
のゴム積層体５の高さを基準高さとした場合は、図４に
グラフで例示するようになるので、グラフに示される高
さ変化量をゴム積層体５の基準高さに加算することによ
ってゴム積層体５の現実の高さを簡単に演算することが
できる。ところで、ゴム積層体５の基準高さと、それの
高さ変化量とを予め加算した場合には、圧力センサ14に
よって測定された空気室内圧に基づいて、ゴム積層体５
の現実の高さを直ちに求めることができる。Here, the pressure in the air chamber and the rubber laminate 5
The relationship with the amount of change in height is, for example, when the height of the rubber laminate 5 at 5 kgf / cm 2 , which is a general air chamber pressure when the railway vehicle is full, is taken as the reference height. 4, the actual height of the rubber laminate 5 can be easily calculated by adding the height change amount shown in the graph to the reference height of the rubber laminate 5. . By the way, when the reference height of the rubber laminate 5 and the height change amount thereof are added in advance, the rubber laminate 5 is calculated based on the air chamber pressure measured by the pressure sensor 14.
The real height of can be immediately sought.
【００３１】かくしてここでは、高さセンサ、反射板、
圧力センサ等からなる、小型にして簡単で、しかも安価
な高さ測定手段を用いることで、空気ばねの前後および
左右方向の水平変形量のいかんにかかわらず、空気ばね
の現実の高さを、空気ばね全体としての嵩、重量などを
実質的に増加させることなしに正確にかつ迅速に測定す
ることができる。Thus, here, the height sensor, the reflector,
By using a compact, simple, and inexpensive height measuring means composed of a pressure sensor or the like, the actual height of the air spring can be determined regardless of the horizontal deformation amount of the air spring in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. It is possible to measure accurately and quickly without substantially increasing the bulk, weight, etc. of the air spring as a whole.
【００３２】ところで、上述したようにして現実の空気
ばねの高さを求め、その結果を直接的に用いて空ばね高
さを所要の値に制御する場合は、図５に例示するように
して行うことができる。すなわちここでは、高さセンサ
12からの信号に基づいて、空気室高さ、より正確には、
空気ばねの、ゴム積層体５を除いた部分の高さＸを求め
るとともに、圧力センサ14からの信号に基づいて、ゴム
積層体５の高さ変化量を考慮した現実のゴム積層体高さ
Ｙを演算して、それらの両高さを加算することによっ
て、前述した現実の空気ばね高さＸ＋Ｙを求め、そし
て、その空気ばね高さＸ＋Ｙを、比較器において空気ば
ねの所要の高さZ0と比較し、高さＸ＋Ｙが高さZ0より大
きい場合には、給排制御手段９に、空気ばねからの排気
信号を、逆に、高さＸ＋Ｙが高さZ0より小さい場合に
は、空気ばねへ給気信号をそれぞれ出力し、このこと
を、空気ばねが所要高さZ0に安定するまで複数回繰返し
行う。By the way, when the actual height of the air spring is obtained as described above and the result is directly used to control the height of the empty spring to a required value, as shown in FIG. It can be carried out. Ie here the height sensor
Based on the signal from 12, the air chamber height, or more accurately,
The height X of the portion of the air spring excluding the rubber laminated body 5 is obtained, and the actual rubber laminated body height Y considering the height change amount of the rubber laminated body 5 is calculated based on the signal from the pressure sensor 14. The actual air spring height X + Y described above is obtained by calculating and adding both heights thereof, and the air spring height X + Y is set to the required height Z 0 of the air spring in the comparator. In comparison, if the height X + Y is greater than the height Z 0 , the supply / discharge control means 9 is instructed to send an exhaust signal from the air spring, and conversely, if the height X + Y is smaller than the height Z 0 , the air is supplied. An air supply signal is output to each spring, and this is repeated a plurality of times until the air spring stabilizes at the required height Z 0 .
【００３３】このような高さ制御方法によれば、空気ば
ねを、十分高い精度をもって所要の高さZ0に安定させる
ことができる。According to such a height control method, the air spring can be stabilized at a required height Z 0 with sufficiently high accuracy.
【００３４】図６は、空気ばねの高さを所要の高さZ0に
制御する他の例を示す図であり、これは、圧力センサ14
からの信号に基づいて演算した現実のゴム積層体高さＹ
を、所要の高さZ0から予め減算した後に、その減算値Z0
−Ｙと、高さセンサ12からの信号に基づいて求めた高さ
Ｘとを比較器にて比較し、高さＸが減算値Z0−Ｙより大
きい場合には空気ばねからの排気を、逆の場合には空気
ばねへの給気をそれぞれ行って、空気ばねを所要の高さ
Z0に安定させるものである。この制御方法によってもま
た、前述した場合と同様の効果をもたらすことができ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another example of controlling the height of the air spring to a required height Z 0 , which is the pressure sensor 14
Actual rubber laminate height Y calculated based on the signal from
Is subtracted from the required height Z 0 in advance, and then the subtracted value Z 0
-Y and the height X obtained based on the signal from the height sensor 12 are compared by a comparator, and when the height X is larger than the subtraction value Z 0 -Y, the exhaust from the air spring is In the opposite case, supply air to the air springs respectively and set the air springs to the required height.
It stabilizes at Z 0 . This control method can also bring about the same effect as the above-mentioned case.
【００３５】以上この発明を図示例に基づいて説明した
が、ゴム積層体を上面板側に直接的もしくは間接的に取
り付けることもでき、また、高さセンサを、電磁式、超
音波式等のものとすることもできる。Although the present invention has been described above based on the illustrated example, the rubber laminate can be directly or indirectly attached to the upper surface plate side, and the height sensor can be an electromagnetic type, an ultrasonic type or the like. It can also be one.
【００３６】[0036]
【発明の効果】かくして、この発明の空気ばねによれ
ば、高さ測定手段の構造を簡単ならしめるとともに、そ
れを小型、軽量かつ安価なものとすることができ、ま
た、すぐれた耐久性の下で、空気ばねの水平方向変形量
のいかんにかかわらず、それの現実の高さを、迅速かつ
正確に検知することができる。As described above, according to the air spring of the present invention, the structure of the height measuring means can be simplified and the size, weight and cost of the height measuring means can be reduced. Below, regardless of the amount of horizontal deformation of the air spring, its actual height can be detected quickly and accurately.
【００３７】そしてこの発明の高さ制御方法によれば、
いずれにあっても、空気ばね高さを、十分高い精度をも
ってコントロールすることができる。According to the height control method of the present invention,
In either case, the height of the air spring can be controlled with sufficiently high accuracy.
【図１】この発明に係る装置を例示する縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a device according to the present invention.
【図２】可変絞り弁の作動を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing the operation of the variable throttle valve.
【図３】反射板の取り付け状態を示す平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a mounting state of a reflection plate.
【図４】空気室内圧とゴム積層体の高さ変化量を示すグ
ラフである。FIG. 4 is a graph showing a pressure change in an air chamber and a height change amount of a rubber laminate.
【図５】空気ばねの高さ制御の態様を示すブロック線図
である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a mode of height control of an air spring.
【図６】空気ばねの高さ制御の他の態様を示すブロック
線図である。FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another mode of height control of an air spring.
１ 上面板 ２ 下面板 ３ 筒状可撓膜体 ４ 空気室 ５ ゴム積層体 ６ ストッパープレート ７ 接続口部 ８ 給排口 ９ 給排制御手段 10 加圧空気供給手段 11 可変絞り弁 12 高さセンサ 13 反射板 14 圧力センサ 1 Upper Plate 2 Lower Plate 3 Cylindrical Flexible Membrane 4 Air Chamber 5 Rubber Laminate 6 Stopper Plate 7 Connection Port 8 Supply / Discharge Port 9 Supply / Discharge Control Means 10 Pressurized Air Supply Means 11 Variable Throttle Valve 12 Height Sensor 13 Reflector 14 Pressure sensor
Claims (4)
らの両面板にそれぞれの端部を気密に連結した筒状可撓
膜体と、いずれか一方の面板に連結したゴム積層体と、
上下の面板と筒状可撓膜体とで画成される空気室への加
圧空気の給排口と、この給排口を経て、前記空気室に対
する加圧空気の給排を行う給排制御手段とを具える空気
ばねであって、 前記空気室の内側で、いずれか一方の面板に高さセンサ
を取り付けるとともに、他方の面板に、その高さセンサ
からの信号を反射する反射板を取り付け、前記空気室の
内側もしくは外側に圧力センサを設けてなる空気ばね。1. A pair of upper and lower face plates, a cylindrical flexible film body having airtightly connected respective end portions to these double face plates, and a rubber laminated body connected to one of the face plates.
A supply / discharge port for pressurized air to / from an air chamber defined by upper and lower face plates and a tubular flexible film body, and a supply / discharge system for supplying / discharging pressurized air to / from the air chamber via the supply / discharge port. An air spring comprising a control means, inside the air chamber, while attaching a height sensor to any one of the face plates, on the other face plate, a reflector plate that reflects the signal from the height sensor. An air spring that is attached and has a pressure sensor inside or outside the air chamber.
らの両面板にそれぞれの端部を気密に連結した筒状可撓
膜体と、いずれか一方の面板に連結したゴム積層体と、
上下の面板と筒状可撓膜体とで画成される空気室への加
圧空気の給排口と、この給排口を経て、前記空気室に対
する加圧空気の給排を行う給排制御手段とを具える空気
ばねにおいて、 空気室内に設けた高さセンサからの信号に基づいて空気
室高さを求めるとともに、空気室の内側もしくは外側に
設けた圧力センサからの信号に基づいてゴム積層体の高
さを求め、ゴム積層体のこの高さと前記空気室高さとか
ら空気ばねの高さを求めることを特徴とする空気ばね高
さの測定方法。2. A pair of upper and lower face plates, a cylindrical flexible film body having airtightly connected respective end portions to these double-sided plates, and a rubber laminated body connected to one of the face plates.
A supply / discharge port for pressurized air to / from an air chamber defined by upper and lower face plates and a tubular flexible film body, and a supply / discharge system for supplying / discharging pressurized air to / from the air chamber via the supply / discharge port. In an air spring equipped with a control means, the height of the air chamber is obtained based on a signal from a height sensor provided in the air chamber, and the rubber is obtained based on a signal from a pressure sensor provided inside or outside the air chamber. A method for measuring the height of an air spring, characterized in that the height of a laminated body is obtained, and the height of an air spring is obtained from this height of a rubber laminated body and the height of the air chamber.
らの両面板にそれぞれの端部を気密に連結した筒状可撓
膜体と、いずれか一方の面板に連結したゴム積層体と、
上下の面板と筒状可撓膜体とで画成される空気室への加
圧空気の給排口と、この給排口を経て、前記空気室に対
する加圧空気の給排を行う給排制御手段とを具える空気
ばねにおいて、 空気室内に設けた高さセンサからの信号に基づいて空気
室高さを求めるとともに、空気室の内側もしくは外側に
設けた圧力センサからの信号に基づいてゴム積層体の高
さを求め、この高さと前記空気室高との和を、空気ばね
の所要の高さと比較し、この比較結果に応じて、空気ば
ねが所要の高さとなるまで、空気室に対する加圧空気の
給排を行うことを特徴とする空気ばね高さの制御方法。3. A pair of upper and lower face plates, a cylindrical flexible film body in which the respective end portions are airtightly connected to these double side plates, and a rubber laminated body connected to either one of the face plates.
A supply / discharge port for pressurized air to / from an air chamber defined by upper and lower face plates and a tubular flexible film body, and a supply / discharge system for supplying / discharging pressurized air to / from the air chamber via the supply / discharge port. In an air spring equipped with a control means, the height of the air chamber is obtained based on a signal from a height sensor provided in the air chamber, and the rubber is obtained based on a signal from a pressure sensor provided inside or outside the air chamber. The height of the laminate is determined, the sum of this height and the height of the air chamber is compared with the required height of the air spring, and, depending on the comparison result, until the air spring reaches the required height, with respect to the air chamber A method for controlling the height of an air spring, which comprises supplying and discharging pressurized air.
らの両面板にそれぞれの端部を気密に連結した筒状可撓
膜体と、いずれか一方の面板に連結したゴム積層体と、
上下の面板と筒状可撓膜体とで画成される空気室への加
圧空気の給排口と、この給排口を経て、前記空気室に対
する加圧空気の給排を行う給排制御手段とを具える空気
ばねにおいて、 空気室内に設けた高さセンサからの信号に基づいて空気
室高さを求めるとともに、空気室の内側もしくは外側に
設けた圧力センサからの信号に基づいてゴム積層体の高
さを求め、ゴム積層体のこの高さの、空気ばねの所要の
高さからの減算値を、前記空気室高さと比較し、この比
較結果に応じて、空気室高さが前記減算値となるまで、
空気室に対する加圧空気の給排を行うことを特徴とする
空気ばね高さの制御方法。4. A pair of upper and lower face plates, a cylindrical flexible film body whose airtightly connects the respective end portions to these double-sided plates, and a rubber laminated body connected to one of the face plates.
A supply / discharge port for pressurized air to / from an air chamber defined by upper and lower face plates and a tubular flexible film body, and a supply / discharge system for supplying / discharging pressurized air to / from the air chamber via the supply / discharge port. In an air spring equipped with a control means, the height of the air chamber is obtained based on a signal from a height sensor provided in the air chamber, and the rubber is obtained based on a signal from a pressure sensor provided inside or outside the air chamber. The height of the laminated body is obtained, and the subtracted value of this height of the rubber laminated body from the required height of the air spring is compared with the air chamber height, and according to the comparison result, the air chamber height is Until the subtracted value is reached,
A method for controlling the height of an air spring, comprising supplying and discharging pressurized air to and from an air chamber.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25535694A JP3388912B2 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Air spring and method of measuring and controlling height of air spring |
| KR1019950028833A KR100344856B1 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1995-09-04 | Measuring method and control method of air spring and air spring height |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25535694A JP3388912B2 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Air spring and method of measuring and controlling height of air spring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08121521A true JPH08121521A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
| JP3388912B2 JP3388912B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 |
Family
ID=17277650
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25535694A Expired - Fee Related JP3388912B2 (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Air spring and method of measuring and controlling height of air spring |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3388912B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100344856B1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1178877A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-23 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Air spring device car body support |
| KR100418616B1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2004-02-11 | 기아자동차주식회사 | System for electronically controlling an air spring |
| WO2005032863A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-14 | Trelleborg Ab (Publ) | Air suspension unit and system |
| WO2014076984A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-22 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アクチエボラグ | Stroke sensor and fluid spring provided with stroke sensor |
| JP2016159809A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-05 | 株式会社総合車両製作所 | Air spring height adjustment device of bogie for railway vehicle |
| CN110608259A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-24 | 湖南铁路科技职业技术学院 | Air spring system capable of conveniently detecting deformation of auxiliary spring and detection method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100418615B1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2004-02-11 | 기아자동차주식회사 | Air spring auxiliary system for vehicle |
-
1994
- 1994-10-20 JP JP25535694A patent/JP3388912B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-04 KR KR1019950028833A patent/KR100344856B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1178877A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-23 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Air spring device car body support |
| KR100418616B1 (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2004-02-11 | 기아자동차주식회사 | System for electronically controlling an air spring |
| WO2005032863A1 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2005-04-14 | Trelleborg Ab (Publ) | Air suspension unit and system |
| WO2014076984A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-22 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アクチエボラグ | Stroke sensor and fluid spring provided with stroke sensor |
| JP2014098662A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-29 | Volvo Lastvagnar Aktiebolag | Stroke sensor and fluid spring including stroke sensor |
| EP2921816A4 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-07-20 | Volvo Truck Corp | Stroke sensor and fluid spring provided with stroke sensor |
| US9649904B2 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2017-05-16 | Volvo Truck Corporation | Stroke sensor and fluid spring with stroke sensor |
| JP2016159809A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2016-09-05 | 株式会社総合車両製作所 | Air spring height adjustment device of bogie for railway vehicle |
| CN110608259A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-24 | 湖南铁路科技职业技术学院 | Air spring system capable of conveniently detecting deformation of auxiliary spring and detection method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3388912B2 (en) | 2003-03-24 |
| KR100344856B1 (en) | 2002-11-23 |
| KR960014710A (en) | 1996-05-22 |
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